KR101335838B1 - 정극활물질 및 그 제조 방법, 및 비수 전해질 2차전지 - Google Patents
정극활물질 및 그 제조 방법, 및 비수 전해질 2차전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR101335838B1 KR101335838B1 KR1020070021307A KR20070021307A KR101335838B1 KR 101335838 B1 KR101335838 B1 KR 101335838B1 KR 1020070021307 A KR1020070021307 A KR 1020070021307A KR 20070021307 A KR20070021307 A KR 20070021307A KR 101335838 B1 KR101335838 B1 KR 101335838B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- nickel
- positive electrode
- manganese
- active material
- electrode active
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 title description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 828
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 394
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 285
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 277
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 198
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 197
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 196
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 151
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 125
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 107
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 97
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 62
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical group [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- WQEVDHBJGNOKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K vanadic acid Chemical compound O[V](O)(O)=O WQEVDHBJGNOKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 11
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 transition metal chalcogen Chemical class 0.000 description 67
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 47
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 42
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 38
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 36
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 23
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 20
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 18
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 18
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 17
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 15
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 13
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 12
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Chemical compound [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229910018380 Mn(NO3)2.6H2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Co] CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 9
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 9
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemanganese Chemical compound [Mn]=S CADICXFYUNYKGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910021470 non-graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 7
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CRMJLJFDPNJIQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-difluoro-1-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F CRMJLJFDPNJIQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- RJYMRRJVDRJMJW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dibromomanganese Chemical compound Br[Mn]Br RJYMRRJVDRJMJW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 6
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000005001 laminate film Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IDBFBDSKYCUNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitride Chemical compound [Li]N([Li])[Li] IDBFBDSKYCUNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011656 manganese carbonate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000006748 manganese carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229940093474 manganese carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 229910000016 manganese(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- QWYFOIJABGVEFP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(ii) iodide Chemical compound [Mn+2].[I-].[I-] QWYFOIJABGVEFP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- UQPSGBZICXWIAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);dibromide;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.Br[Ni]Br UQPSGBZICXWIAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- BFSQJYRFLQUZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) iodide Chemical compound I[Ni]I BFSQJYRFLQUZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920002627 poly(phosphazenes) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000790 scattering method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NGDQQLAVJWUYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-thiazole-5-sulfonyl chloride Chemical compound S1C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)=C(C)N=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 NGDQQLAVJWUYSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910018871 CoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- GUWHRJQTTVADPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium azide Chemical compound [Li+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] GUWHRJQTTVADPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;oxido(dioxo)vanadium Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][V](=O)=O UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- RBORBHYCVONNJH-UHFFFAOYSA-K yttrium(iii) fluoride Chemical class F[Y](F)F RBORBHYCVONNJH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazolidone Chemical compound O=C1NCCO1 IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QKPVEISEHYYHRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyacetonitrile Chemical compound COCC#N QKPVEISEHYYHRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OOWFYDWAMOKVSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxypropanenitrile Chemical compound COCCC#N OOWFYDWAMOKVSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VWIIJDNADIEEDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one Chemical compound CN1CCOC1=O VWIIJDNADIEEDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SBUOHGKIOVRDKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound CC1COCO1 SBUOHGKIOVRDKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010238 LiAlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910015044 LiB Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910013075 LiBF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910013188 LiBOB Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910013528 LiN(SO2 CF3)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920010126 Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910021569 Manganese fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021469 graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- IBSDADOZMZEYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-H oxalate;yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [Y+3].[Y+3].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O IBSDADOZMZEYKD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940105965 yttrium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940105963 yttrium fluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940105970 yttrium iodide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000347 yttrium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVOIJBIQBYRBCF-UHFFFAOYSA-H yttrium(3+);tricarbonate Chemical compound [Y+3].[Y+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O QVOIJBIQBYRBCF-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- DEXZEPDUSNRVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-K yttrium(3+);trihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Y+3] DEXZEPDUSNRVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- LFWQXIMAKJCMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K yttrium(3+);triiodide Chemical compound I[Y](I)I LFWQXIMAKJCMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- IYECSZYJKQPOOA-UHFFFAOYSA-K yttrium(3+);triperchlorate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Y+3].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O IYECSZYJKQPOOA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- RTAYJOCWVUTQHB-UHFFFAOYSA-H yttrium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Y+3].[Y+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RTAYJOCWVUTQHB-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
초기 용량(mAh) | 방전용량 유지율(%) | |
실시예1 | 2420 | 85 |
실시예2 | 2430 | 88 |
실시예3 | 2450 | 89 |
실시예4 | 2420 | 90 |
실시예5 | 2440 | 83 |
비교예1 | 2440 | 34 |
비교예2 | 2450 | 81 |
초기 용량(mAh) | 방전용량 유지율(%) | |
실시예6 | 2420 | 82 |
실시예7 | 2460 | 83 |
실시예8 | 2450 | 85 |
비교예3 | 2510 | 30 |
비교예4 | 2450 | 79 |
초기 용량(mAh) | 방전용량 유지율(%) | |
실시예9 | 2440 | 83 |
실시예10 | 2430 | 85 |
실시예11 | 2440 | 86 |
비교예5 | 2440 | 34 |
비교예6 | 2450 | 81 |
Claims (43)
- 복합산화물 입자의 적어도 일부상에 형성되고, 리튬(Li)과, 니켈(Ni) 또는 니켈(Ni) 및 망간(Mn)의 피복 원소를 포함하는 산화물로 이루어지는 피복층과,상기 피복층의 적어도 일부에 마련되고, 몰리브덴(Mo)을 포함하는 표면층을 구비하고,상기 복합산화물 입자는, 화학식 1로 표시되는 평균 조성을 가지며,(화학식 1)Li(1+x)Co(1-y)My0(2-z)M은 마그네슘(Mg), 알루미늄(Al), 붕소(B), 티탄(Ti), 바나듐(V), 크롬(Cr), 망간(Mn), 철(Fe), 니켈(Ni), 구리(Cu), 아연(Zn), 몰리브덴(Mo), 주석(Sn), 텅스텐(W)으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 1종 이상의 원소이고, x, y, z는, -0.10≤x≤0.10, 0≤y<0.50, -0.10≤z≤0.20인 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 피복층에서의 상기 니켈(Ni)과 상기 망간(Mn)의 구성비가, 99:1 내지 30:70의 범위 내인 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 피복층의 산화물에서 상기 니켈(Ni) 및 상기 망간(Mn)의 총량의 40몰% 이하를, 마그네슘(Mg), 알루미늄(Al), 붕소(B), 티탄(Ti), 바나듐(V), 크롬(Cr), 철(Fe), 코발트(Co), 구리(Cu), 아연(Zn), 몰리브덴(Mo), 주석(Sn), 텅스텐(W)으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 1종 이상의 금속 원소로 치환한 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 제 1항에 있어서,상기 피복층의 양은, 상기 복합산화물 입자의 0.5wt% 내지 50wt%의 범위 내인 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 제 1항에 있어서,평균 입경이 2.0㎛ 내지 50㎛인 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 정극활물질을 갖는 정극과,부극과,세퍼레이터, 및전해질을 구비하고,상기 정극활물질은,복합산화물 입자의 적어도 일부상에 형성되고, 리튬(Li)과, 니켈(Ni) 및 망간(Mn)중의 적어도 한쪽의 피복 원소를 포함하는 산화물로 이루어지는 피복층과,상기 피복층의 적어도 일부에 마련되고, 몰리브덴(Mo)을 포함하는 표면층을 구비하고,상기 복합산화물 입자는, 화학식 1로 표시되는 평균 조성을 가지며,(화학식 1)Li(1+x)Co(1-y)My0(2-z)M은 마그네슘(Mg), 알루미늄(Al), 붕소(B), 티탄(Ti), 바나듐(V), 크롬(Cr), 망간(Mn), 철(Fe), 니켈(Ni), 구리(Cu), 아연(Zn), 몰리브덴(Mo), 주석(Sn), 텅스텐(W)으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 1종 이상의 원소이고, x, y, z는, -0.10≤x≤0.10, 0≤y<0.50, -0.10≤z≤0.20인 것을 특징으로 하는 비수 전해질 2차전지.
- 복합산화물 입자의 적어도 일부상에 형성되고, 리튬(Li)과, 니켈(Ni) 및 망간(Mn)중의 적어도 한쪽의 피복 원소를 포함하는 산화물로 이루어지는 피복층과,상기 피복층의 적어도 일부에 마련되고, 이트륨(Y)을 포함하는 표면층을 구비하고,상기 복합산화물 입자는, 화학식 1로 표시되는 평균 조성을 가지며,(화학식 1)Li(1+x)Co(1-y)My0(2-z)M은 마그네슘(Mg), 알루미늄(Al), 붕소(B), 티탄(Ti), 바나듐(V), 크롬(Cr), 망간(Mn), 철(Fe), 니켈(Ni), 구리(Cu), 아연(Zn), 몰리브덴(Mo), 주석(Sn), 칼슘(Ca), 스트론튬(Sr), 텅스텐(W), 이트륨(Y), 지르코늄(Zr)으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 1종 이상의 원소이고, x, y, z는, -0.10≤x≤0.10, 0≤y<0.50, -0.10≤z≤0.20인 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 제 7항에 있어서,상기 피복층에서의 상기 니켈(Ni)과 상기 망간(Mn)의 구성비가 100:0 내지 30:70의 범위 내인 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 제 7항에 있어서,상기 피복층의 산화물에서 상기 니켈(Ni) 및 상기 망간(Mn)의 총량의 40몰% 이하를, 마그네슘(Mg), 알루미늄(Al), 붕소(B), 티탄(Ti), 바나듐(V), 크롬(Cr), 철(Fe), 코발트(Co), 구리(Cu), 아연(Zn), 몰리브덴(Mo), 주석(Sn), 칼슘(Ca), 스트론튬(Sr), 텅스텐(W), 이트륨(Y), 지르코늄(Zr)으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 1종 이상의 금속 원소로 치환한 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 제 7항에 있어서,상기 표면층의 산화물에서 상기 이트륨(Y)의 총량의 20몰% 이하를, 마그네슘(Mg), 붕소(B), 티탄(Ti), 바나듐(V), 크롬(Cr), 망간(Mn), 철(Fe), 코발트(Co), 알루미늄(Al), 니켈(Ni), 구리(Cu), 아연(Zn), 몰리브덴(Mo), 주석(Sn), 칼슘(Ca), 스트론튬(Sr), 텅스텐(W), 지르코늄(Zr)으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 1종 이상의 금속 원소로 치환한 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 제 7항에 있어서,상기 피복층의 양은, 상기 복합산화물 입자 100중량부에 대해, 0.5중량부 내지 50중량부인 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 제 7항에 있어서,상기 표면층의 양은, 상기 이트륨(Y) 양을 산화 이트륨(Y2O3)으로 환산한 중량으로서, 상기 정극활물질 100중량부에 대해, 0.1중량부 내지 10중량부인 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 제 7항에 있어서,평균 입경이 2.0㎛ 내지 50㎛인 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 정극과,부극과,세퍼레이터, 및전해질을 구비하고,상기 정극은 정극활물질을 가지며,상기 정극활물질은,복합산화물 입자의 적어도 일부상에 형성되고, 리튬(Li)과, 니켈(Ni) 및 망간(Mn)중의 적어도 한쪽의 피복 원소를 포함하는 산화물로 이루어지는 피복층과,상기 피복층의 적어도 일부에 마련되고, 이트륨(Y)을 포함하는 산화물로 이루어지는 표면층을 구비하고,상기 복합산화물 입자는, 화학식 1로 표시되는 평균 조성을 가지며,(화학식 1)Li(1+x)Co(1-y)My0(2-z)M은 마그네슘(Mg), 알루미늄(Al), 붕소(B), 티탄(Ti), 바나듐(V), 크롬(Cr), 망간(Mn), 철(Fe), 니켈(Ni), 구리(Cu), 아연(Zn), 몰리브덴(Mo), 주석(Sn), 칼슘(Ca), 스트론튬(Sr), 텅스텐(W), 이트륨(Y), 지르코늄(Zr)으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 1종 이상의 원소이다. 식중 x, y, z는, -0.10≤x≤0.10, 0≤y<0.50, -0.10≤z≤0.20인 것을 특징으로 하는 비수 전해질 2차전지.
- 복합산화물 입자의 적어도 일부상에 형성되고, 리튬(Li)과, 니켈(Ni) 또는 니켈(Ni) 및 망간(Mn)의 피복 원소를 포함하는 산화물로 이루어지는 피복층과,상기 피복층의 적어도 일부에 마련되고, 바나듐(V)을 포함하는 표면층을 구비하고,상기 복합산화물 입자는, 화학식 1로 표시되는 평균 조성을 가지며,(화학식 1)Li(1+x)Co(1-y)My0(2-z)M은 마그네슘(Mg), 알루미늄(Al), 붕소(B), 티탄(Ti), 바나듐(V), 크롬(Cr), 망간(Mn), 철(Fe), 니켈(Ni), 구리(Cu), 아연(Zn), 몰리브덴(Mo), 주석(Sn), 텅스텐(W)으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 1종 이상의 원소이고, x, y, z는, -0.10≤x≤0.10, 0≤y<0.50, -0.10≤z≤0.20인 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 제 15항에 있어서,상기 피복층에서의 상기 니켈(Ni)과 상기 망간(Mn)의 구성비가, 100:0 내지 30:70의 범위 내인 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 제 15항에 있어서,상기 피복층의 산화물에서 상기 니켈(Ni) 및 상기 망간(Mn)의 총량의 40몰% 이하를, 마그네슘(Mg), 알루미늄(Al), 붕소(B), 티탄(Ti), 바나듐(V), 크롬(Cr), 철(Fe), 코발트(Co), 구리(Cu), 아연(Zn), 몰리브덴(Mo), 주석(Sn), 텅스텐(W)으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 1종 이상의 금속 원소로 치환한 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 제 15항에 있어서,상기 피복층의 양은, 상기 복합산화물 입자의 0.5wt% 내지 50wt%의 범위 내인 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 제 15항에 있어서,평균 입경이 2.0㎛ 내지 50㎛인 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질.
- 정극활물질을 갖는 정극과,부극과,세퍼레이터, 및전해질을 구비하고,상기 정극활물질은,복합산화물 입자의 적어도 일부상에 형성되고, 리튬(Li)과, 니켈(Ni) 또는 니켈(Ni) 및 망간(Mn)의 피복 원소를 포함하는 산화물로 이루어지는 피복층과,상기 피복층의 적어도 일부에 마련되고, 바나듐(V)을 포함하는 표면층을 구비하고,상기 복합산화물 입자는, 화학식 1로 표시되는 평균 조성을 가지며,(화학식 1)Li(1+x)Co(1-y)My0(2-z)M은 마그네슘(Mg), 알루미늄(Al), 붕소(B), 티탄(Ti), 바나듐(V), 크롬(Cr), 망간(Mn), 철(Fe), 니켈(Ni), 구리(Cu), 아연(Zn), 몰리브덴(Mo), 주석(Sn), 텅스텐(W)으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 1종 이상의 원소이고, x, y, z는, -0.10≤x≤0.10, 0≤y<0.50, -0.10≤z≤0.20인 것을 특징으로 하는 비수 전해질 2차전지.
- 화학식 1로 표시되는 평균 조성을 갖는 복합산화물 입자의 적어도 일부에 니켈(Ni) 또는 니켈(Ni) 및 망간(Mn)을 포함하는 수산화물로 이루어지는 층을 형성한 후, 상기 복합산화물 입자의 적어도 일부에 몰리브덴산, 이트륨(Y)을 포함하는 수산화물 및 바나드산으로 이루어지는 군의 적어도 하나의 물질을 피착하는 공정과;상기 물질을 피착한 후, 가열 처리함에 의해, 상기 복합산화물 입자의 적어도 일부에, 리튬(Li)과, 니켈(Ni) 또는 니켈(Ni) 및 망간(Mn)의 피복 원소를 포함하는 산화물로 이루어지는 피복층, 및 몰리브덴(Mo)을 포함하는 표면층을 형성하는 공정을 갖고,(화학식 1)Li(1+x)Co(1-y)My0(2-z)M은 마그네슘(Mg), 알루미늄(Al), 붕소(B), 티탄(Ti), 바나듐(V), 크롬(Cr), 망간(Mn), 철(Fe), 니켈(Ni), 구리(Cu), 아연(Zn), 몰리브덴(Mo), 주석(Sn), 텅스텐(W)으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 적어도 1종 이상의 원소이고, x, y, z는, -0.10≤x≤0.10, 0≤y<0.50, -0.10≤z≤0.20인 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제 21항에 있어서,상기 니켈(Ni) 또는 상기 니켈(Ni) 및 망간(Mn)을 포함하는 수산화물은, 상기 복합산화물 입자를 pH12 이상의 물을 주체로 하는 용매에 분산한 후, 니켈(Ni)의 화합물, 또는 니켈(Ni)의 화합물 및 망간(Mn)의 화합물을 첨가하여 형성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제 21항에 있어서,상기 물을 주체로 하는 용매는, 수산화 리튬을 함유하는 것을 특징으로 하는 정극활물질의 제조 방법.
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- 2007-03-02 US US11/681,558 patent/US7906239B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-03-05 KR KR1020070021307A patent/KR101335838B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH0955210A (ja) * | 1995-08-11 | 1997-02-25 | Sony Corp | 正極活物質及びそれを用いた非水電解質二次電池 |
KR20040096203A (ko) * | 2003-05-07 | 2004-11-16 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 도전성 물질, 금속 산화물 또는 이들의 혼합물로 표면처리된 양극 활물질, 이를 이용한 양극과 리튬전지, 및 그제조방법 |
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KR20070091544A (ko) | 2007-09-11 |
US20070292757A1 (en) | 2007-12-20 |
US7906239B2 (en) | 2011-03-15 |
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