JPWO2019150535A1 - 半導体受光素子 - Google Patents
半導体受光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 13
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 3
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000530 Gallium indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0232—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
- H01L31/02327—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device the optical elements being integrated or being directly associated to the device, e.g. back reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
- G02B3/08—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lens
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/10—Bifocal lenses; Multifocal lenses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/08—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
- H01L31/10—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
- H01L31/101—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
- H01L31/102—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier
- H01L31/103—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier the potential barrier being of the PN homojunction type
- H01L31/1035—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier the potential barrier being of the PN homojunction type the devices comprising active layers formed only by AIIIBV compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/12—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof structurally associated with, e.g. formed in or on a common substrate with, one or more electric light sources, e.g. electroluminescent light sources, and electrically or optically coupled thereto
- H01L31/16—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof structurally associated with, e.g. formed in or on a common substrate with, one or more electric light sources, e.g. electroluminescent light sources, and electrically or optically coupled thereto the semiconductor device sensitive to radiation being controlled by the light source or sources
- H01L31/167—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof structurally associated with, e.g. formed in or on a common substrate with, one or more electric light sources, e.g. electroluminescent light sources, and electrically or optically coupled thereto the semiconductor device sensitive to radiation being controlled by the light source or sources the light sources and the devices sensitive to radiation all being semiconductor devices characterised by potential barriers
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
半導体受光素子1は、入射光に対して透明な半導体基板2と、半導体基板2の主面3の近傍に配設された受光部4と、受光部4にp電極5と、半導体基板2の主面3側にn電極6を有する。また、半導体基板2の主面3に対向する半導体基板2の裏面7には、第1凸レンズ部8と、この第1凸レンズ部8の中央に第1凸レンズ部8より小径の第2凸レンズ部9と、少なくとも第1,第2凸レンズ部8,9を覆う反射防止膜10を備えている。そして、半導体基板2の裏面7側から第1,第2凸レンズ部8,9に入射した光を受光部4に導入して光を電荷に変換する裏面入射型の半導体受光素子1が構成されている。半導体基板2として、光通信用の波長1.3μmや1.5μmの赤外光を受光する受光素子に使用されるn−InP基板を例に説明するが、用途等に応じて適宜基板材料を選択可能である。
点Oを中心とした半径R1の円弧8aは曲率半径R1の第1凸レンズ部8の部分球面を表し、光軸Z上において円弧8aから距離L1の点Aを出射点として発散角2θの光が光軸Zに沿うように出射される。光軸Zと円弧8aの交差する点を点B、入射光の最も外側の光線が円弧8aに交差する点を点P、入射光が焦点を結ぶ光軸Z上の点を点Cとし、点Bから点Cまでの距離をH1とする。また、入射光は空気中で出射され、空気の屈折率をn1、第1凸レンズ部8の屈折率をn2とし、空気の屈折率n1に対する第1凸レンズ部8の屈折率n2を屈折率n(=n2/n1)とする。このとき近軸光線近似により曲率半径R1と距離L1,H1と屈折率nの関係が下記(1)式で表される。
(1/L1)+(n/H1)=(n−1)/R1 …(1)
R1>(n−1)/(1/L1+n/H1) …(2)
R1<(n−1)/(n/H1) …(3)
半径R2の円弧9aは曲率半径R2の第2凸レンズ部9の部分球面を表し、円弧9aから第2凸レンズ部9の光軸Z上の距離Lの点P0において発散角2θの光が光軸Zに沿うように出射される。
(n−1)/(1/L+n/H)<R1<(n−1)/(n/H) …(12)
図8に示すように、清浄な半導体基板2の主面3に、主面3側から順にバッファ層11第1半導体層12、光吸収部13、第2半導体層14を気相成長法等により成膜する。そして、第2半導体層14の表面に、受光部4を形成する所定の領域を覆う図示外のエッチングマスク15を形成する。エッチングマスク15は、第2半導体層14の表面に成膜した例えばシリコン窒化膜を選択エッチング法等により所定の領域にのみ残るように除去して形成する。
図2に示すように、半導体受光素子1は第1凸レンズ部8に入射した光を光吸収部13に集光可能であり、第2凸レンズ部9に入射した光を光吸収部13の手前で焦点を結ばせ、この焦点から光吸収部13に向けて拡散させて光吸収部13に入射させる。従って、光吸収部13における受光量を確保できると共に、光吸収部13において生成される電荷の過剰な集中を抑えて空間電荷効果を回避でき、半導体受光素子1の応答速度の高速化を実現できる。
2 :半導体基板
3 :主面
4 :受光部
5 :p電極
6 :n電極
7 :裏面
8 :第1凸レンズ部
9 :第2凸レンズ部
10 :反射防止膜
13 :光吸収部
Claims (4)
- 入射光に対して透明な半導体基板の主面近傍に光吸収部を備え、前記主面に対向する前記半導体基板の裏面に前記光吸収部より大径であって曲率半径R1の第1凸レンズ部を備え、前記第1凸レンズ部の光軸上に前記光吸収部の中心が位置する裏面入射型の半導体受光素子において、
前記第1凸レンズ部の中央部に、前記第1凸レンズ部と光軸が共通であって前記光吸収部より小径且つ前記曲率半径R1より小さい曲率半径R2の第2凸レンズ部を有し、
前記第2凸レンズ部は、前記光吸収部との間に焦点を有すると共に、前記第2凸レンズ部に入射した光を前記焦点から前記光吸収部に向けて拡散させることを特徴とする半導体受光素子。 - 入射光の出射点から前記第2凸レンズ部までの距離Lと、入射光の発散角θと、前記光吸収部の直径Dと、前記第2凸レンズ部と前記光吸収部の距離Hに基づいて、前記第2凸レンズ部に入射した入射光の全部が前記光吸収部に入射するように前記第2凸レンズ部の曲率半径R2を設定したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体受光素子。
- 空気に対する前記半導体基板の屈折率をnとしたとき、前記第1凸レンズ部の前記曲率半径R1は、
(n−1)/(1/L+n/H)<R1<(n−1)/(n/H)
を満たすことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の半導体受光素子。 - 前記半導体基板は、InP基板であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の半導体受光素子。
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PCT/JP2018/003454 WO2019150535A1 (ja) | 2018-02-01 | 2018-02-01 | 半導体受光素子 |
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US (1) | US11276790B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6860239B2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI794399B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2019150535A1 (ja) |
Citations (10)
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JPH04233759A (ja) * | 1990-12-28 | 1992-08-21 | Matsushita Electron Corp | 固体撮像装置およびその製造方法 |
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JPH10117012A (ja) * | 1996-10-11 | 1998-05-06 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 半導体受光素子 |
JP2007019308A (ja) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-01-25 | Fujifilm Corp | マイクロレンズ、その製造方法、マイクロレンズを用いた固体撮像素子およびその製造方法 |
JP2011124450A (ja) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-23 | Nec Corp | 半導体受光素子 |
JP2014093459A (ja) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-05-19 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 半導体受光素子、光受光装置 |
JP2014112650A (ja) * | 2012-11-12 | 2014-06-19 | Japan Oclaro Inc | 受光モジュール |
JP2015096878A (ja) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-05-21 | 日本オクラロ株式会社 | 光受信モジュール及び光送信モジュール |
JP2016143707A (ja) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-08-08 | 住友電工デバイス・イノベーション株式会社 | 受光素子 |
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JP6879919B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-17 | 2021-06-02 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 固体撮像素子、電子機器、及び、固体撮像素子の製造方法 |
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- 2018-02-01 US US16/959,624 patent/US11276790B2/en active Active
- 2018-02-01 JP JP2019568505A patent/JP6860239B2/ja active Active
- 2018-02-01 WO PCT/JP2018/003454 patent/WO2019150535A1/ja active Application Filing
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2019
- 2019-01-25 TW TW108102857A patent/TWI794399B/zh active
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH04233759A (ja) * | 1990-12-28 | 1992-08-21 | Matsushita Electron Corp | 固体撮像装置およびその製造方法 |
JPH05167055A (ja) * | 1991-12-18 | 1993-07-02 | Sony Corp | 光電変換素子およびその製造方法 |
US5684308A (en) * | 1996-02-15 | 1997-11-04 | Sandia Corporation | CMOS-compatible InP/InGaAs digital photoreceiver |
JPH10117012A (ja) * | 1996-10-11 | 1998-05-06 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 半導体受光素子 |
JP2007019308A (ja) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-01-25 | Fujifilm Corp | マイクロレンズ、その製造方法、マイクロレンズを用いた固体撮像素子およびその製造方法 |
JP2011124450A (ja) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-23 | Nec Corp | 半導体受光素子 |
JP2014093459A (ja) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-05-19 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 半導体受光素子、光受光装置 |
JP2014112650A (ja) * | 2012-11-12 | 2014-06-19 | Japan Oclaro Inc | 受光モジュール |
JP2015096878A (ja) * | 2013-11-15 | 2015-05-21 | 日本オクラロ株式会社 | 光受信モジュール及び光送信モジュール |
JP2016143707A (ja) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-08-08 | 住友電工デバイス・イノベーション株式会社 | 受光素子 |
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US20210193850A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
WO2019150535A1 (ja) | 2019-08-08 |
US11276790B2 (en) | 2022-03-15 |
JP6860239B2 (ja) | 2021-04-14 |
TW201941446A (zh) | 2019-10-16 |
TWI794399B (zh) | 2023-03-01 |
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