JPWO2013094456A1 - 有機光電変換素子 - Google Patents
有機光電変換素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2013094456A1 JPWO2013094456A1 JP2013550229A JP2013550229A JPWO2013094456A1 JP WO2013094456 A1 JPWO2013094456 A1 JP WO2013094456A1 JP 2013550229 A JP2013550229 A JP 2013550229A JP 2013550229 A JP2013550229 A JP 2013550229A JP WO2013094456 A1 JPWO2013094456 A1 JP WO2013094456A1
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- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- VELSFHQDWXAPNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracontacyclo[25.6.5.516,28.44,32.35,11.321,34.28,10.212,15.222,35.229,31.113,20.124,38.02,6.014,19.017,25.018,23.030,37.033,36.547,54.446,53.448,58.126,51.150,52.03,45.07,42.09,61.039,40.041,43.044,63.049,76.055,78.056,62.057,68.059,64.060,67.065,69.066,71.070,73.072,75.074,77]octaheptaconta-1,3(45),4(48),5(61),6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24(39),25,27(38),28,30,32,34(42),35(40),36,41(43),44(63),46,49(76),50(77),51,53,55(78),56(62),57,59,64,66,68,70(73),71,74-nonatriacontaene Chemical compound c12c3c4c5c6c1c1c7c8c2c2c3c3c9c4c4c5c5c%10c%11c%12c%13c%14c%15c%12c%12c%16c%17c%18c%19c%20c%21c%17c%17c%22c%21c%21c%23c%20c%20c%19c%19c%24c%18c%16c%15c%15c%24c%16c(c7c%15c%14c1c6c5%13)c8c1c2c2c3c3c(c%21c5c%22c(c%11c%12%17)c%10c4c5c93)c%23c2c%20c1c%19%16 VELSFHQDWXAPNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/122—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides
- C08G61/123—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/122—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides
- C08G61/123—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds
- C08G61/126—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule derived from five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds, other than imides derived from five-membered heterocyclic compounds with a five-membered ring containing one sulfur atom in the ring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
- H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/151—Copolymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/10—Definition of the polymer structure
- C08G2261/14—Side-groups
- C08G2261/141—Side-chains having aliphatic units
- C08G2261/1412—Saturated aliphatic units
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/10—Definition of the polymer structure
- C08G2261/14—Side-groups
- C08G2261/142—Side-chains containing oxygen
- C08G2261/1424—Side-chains containing oxygen containing ether groups, including alkoxy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/10—Definition of the polymer structure
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- C08G2261/1426—Side-chains containing oxygen containing carboxy groups (COOH) and/or -C(=O)O-moieties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一形態に係る有機光電変換素子は、側鎖アルキル基に、特定の極性基が導入されてなる共役系高分子化合物を含有する点に特徴を有する。すなわち、本形態に係る共役系高分子化合物は、下記化学式1で表される部分構造を有する。上記構成をとることにより、本発明の有機光電変換素子は、優れた耐久性を発揮できる。なお、本発明の共役系高分子化合物は化学式1で表される部分構造を1または2以上含むが、当該部分構造が2以上存在する場合には、各部分構造における、X、W、L、Y1及びY2、Z、R1〜R5、ならびにa、b及びc、互いに同一であってもよいし、異なってもよい。
以下、D−Aポリマーの好ましい具体例を示す。
本形態の有機光電変換素子は、第一の電極および第二の電極を必須に含む。第一の電極および第二の電極は、各々、陽極または陰極として機能する。本明細書において、「第一の」および「第二の」とは、陽極または陰極としての機能を区別するための用語である。したがって、第一の電極が陽極として機能し、第二の電極が陰極として機能する場合もあるし、逆に、第一の電極が陰極として機能し、第二の電極が陽極として機能する場合もある。上述したように、光電変換層14で生成されるキャリア(正孔・電子)は、電極間を移動し、正孔は陽極12へ、電子は陰極16へと到達する。なお、本発明においては主に正孔が流れる電極を陽極と呼び、主に電子が流れる電極を陰極と呼ぶ。また、タンデム構成をとる場合には電荷再結合層(中間電極)を用いることでタンデム構成を達成することができる。さらに、電極が透光性を有するものであるか否かという機能面から、透光性を有する電極を透明電極と呼び、透光性のない電極を対電極と呼び分ける場合もある。順層構成の場合、通常、陽極は透光性のある透明電極であり、陰極は透光性のない対電極である。
1) 第1電極(陰極)ITO, 第2電極(陽極)銀
2) 第1電極(陰極)PEDOT:PSS, 第2電極(陽極)銀
3) 第1電極(陰極)ITO, 第2電極(陽極)銅
4) 第1電極(陰極)PEDOT:PSS, 第2電極(陽極)金
5) 第1電極(陰極)ITO, 第2電極(陽極)PEDOT:PSS
等を挙げることができる。
光電変換層は、光起電力効果を利用して光エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変換する機能を有する。本形態の有機光電変換素子は、光電変換層に、n型有機半導体および上述の共役系高分子化合物をp型有機半導体として必須に含む点に特徴を有する。これらの光電変換材料に光が吸収されると、励起子が発生し、これがpn接合界面において、正孔と電子とに電荷分離される。
本発明の有機光電変換素子は、必要に応じて基板を含みうる。基板は、電極を塗布方式で形成する場合における、塗布液の被塗布部材としての役割を有する。
本形態の有機光電変換素子は、必要に応じて正孔輸送層を含みうる。正孔輸送層は、正孔を輸送する機能を有し、かつ電子を輸送する能力が著しく小さい(例えば、正孔の移動度の10分の1以下)という性質を有する。正孔輸送層は、光電変換層と陽極との間に設けられ、正孔を陽極へと輸送しつつ、電子の移動を阻止することで、電子と正孔とが再結合するのを防ぐことができる。
本形態の有機光電変換素子は、必要に応じて電子輸送層を含みうる。電子輸送層は、電子を輸送する機能を有し、かつ正孔を輸送する能力が著しく小さいという性質を有する。電子輸送層は、光電変換層と陰極との間に設けられ、電子を陰極へと輸送しつつ、正孔の移動を阻止することで、電子と正孔とが再結合するのを防ぐことができる。
図3で示すような、2以上の光電変換層を有するタンデム型(多接合型)の有機光電変換素子において、光電変換層間には、電荷再結合層(中間電極)が配置される。
本形態の有機光電変換素子は、上記の各部材(各層)の他に、光電変換効率の向上や、素子の寿命の向上のために、他の部材(他の層)をさらに設けてもよい。その他の部材としては、例えば、正孔注入層、電子注入層、励起子ブロック層、UV吸収層、光反射層、波長変換層などが挙げられる。また、上層に偏在した金属酸化物微粒子をより安定にするため等にシランカップリング剤等の層を設けてもよい。さらに本発明の光電変換層に隣接して金属酸化物の層を積層してもよい。
上述の本形態の有機光電変換素子の製造方法は特に制限はなく、従来公知の手法を適宜参照することにより製造することができる。以下、図2に示すような逆層型の有機光電変換素子の製造方法を例に挙げて、本形態の有機光電変換素子の好ましい製造方法を説明する。ただし、当該製造方法における各工程は、逆層型の有機光電変換素子のみならず、図1に示すような順層型の有機光電変換素子や、図3に示すようなタンデム型の製造に適用可能である。
本発明の他の形態によれば、上述の有機光電変換素子を有する太陽電池が提供される。本形態の有機光電変換素子は、優れた耐久性を有し、十分な光電変換効率を達成することができるため、これを発電素子とする太陽電池に好適に使用されうる。
化合物1は、米国特許出願公開第2010/137611号明細書を参考に合成した。
化合物2は、J.Org.Chem.,1997,62,1376−1387を参考に合成した。
化合物3は、J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1987,109,1858−1859を参考に合成した。
化合物4は、Tetrahedron Letters,2009,50,7028−7031を参考に合した。
化合物5は、Org.Lett.2004,6,4285−4288を参考に合成した。
化合物5を2.0g(2.5mmol)と、N−ブロモスクシンイミド(NBS)1.3g(7.5mmol)とをTHF150mlに溶解し、窒素下70℃で6時間還流を行った。反応終了後、食塩水と酢酸エチルを加えて分液操作を行い、有機層を抽出して硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後に溶媒を留去した。得られたオイル成分をシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製を行い、化合物6を2.0g(収率84%)得た。
ビス−(5,5’−トリメチルスタンニル)−3,3’−ジ−(2−エチルヘキシル)−シリレン−2,2’−ジチオフェンを、特表2010−507233号公報及びAdv.Mater.,2010,p−E63を参考として合成した。
例示化合物1の合成において、原料を化合物6およびビス−(5,5’−トリメチルスタンニル)−3,3’−ジ−(2−エチルヘキシル)−シリレン−2,2’−ジチオフェンを、1,5−ビス(トリメチルスズ)−4,8−ビス(2−エチルヘキシルオキシ)−ベンゾ[1,2−b:4,5−b’]ジチオフェン(J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2009,22,7792を参考として合成、0.5mmol、387mg)に変更した以外は同様にして行った。
化合物7は、国際公開第2011/069554号を参考に合成した。
化合物7を6.0g(35mmol)を脱水THF100mlに溶解し、−78℃に冷却した後に、リチウムジイソプロピルアミド(LDA)2.0Mヘプタン溶液19.3ml(38.5mmol)を滴下し、1時間撹拌した後に塩化トリメチルスズの1.0Mヘキサン溶液を38.5ml(38.5mmol)滴下し、さらに1時間撹拌後、温度を室温に上げて3時間撹拌した。反応終了後、食塩水と酢酸エチルを加えて分液操作を行い、有機層を抽出して硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後に溶媒を留去した。得られたオイル成分をヘキサン:トリエチルアミン=9:1に溶解し、事前にトリエチルアミンに浸漬処理したシリカゲルを通して精製を行い、化合物8を11.1g(収率95%)得た。
化合物aは、Angewandte Chemie International EditionVolume 50,Issue 13,2995−2998を参考に合成した。
化合物9を3.89g(7.7mmol)、THF50mlに溶解し、2M塩酸3mlを加えて5時間撹拌した。反応終了後、食塩水と酢酸エチルを加えて分液操作を行い、有機層を抽出して硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後に溶媒を留去して、化合物10を2.6g(収率80%)得た。
化合物3,4,5,6の一連の合成において原料を化合物10に変更した以外は同様にして行い、化合物11を得た。
例示化合物1の合成において原料を化合物6から化合物11(0.5mmol、495mg)に変更した以外は同様にして行った。オルトジクロロベンゼンのソックスレー抽出成分から220mgの例示化合物3(Mn=21000)を得て、本発明の実施例3に使用した。
化合物12は、J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1945,67,400−403を参考に合成した。
化合物7の合成において原料を化合物12に変更した以外は同様にして行い、化合物13を得た。
化合物8の合成において原料を化合物13に変更した以外は同様にして行い、化合物14を得た。
化合物9の合成において原料を化合物14に変更した以外は同様にして行い、化合物15を得た。
化合物10の合成において原料を化合物15に変更した以外は同様にして行い、化合物16を得た。
化合物3,4,5,6の一連の合成において原料を化合物16に変更した以外は同様にして行い、化合物17を得た。
例示化合物1の合成において原料を化合物6から化合物17(0.5mmol、495mg)に変更した以外は同様にして行った。オルトジクロロベンゼンのソックスレー抽出成分から190mgの例示化合物4(Mn=19000)を得て、本発明の実施例4に使用した。
化合物18は、J.Med.Chem.,1984,27,1559−1565を参考に合成した。
化合物6の合成において原料を化合物18に変更した以外は同様にして行い、化合物19を得た。
例示化合物1の合成において原料を化合物6から化合物19(0.5mmol、445mg)に変更した以外は同様にして行った。オルトジクロロベンゼンのソックスレー抽出成分から200mgの例示化合物5(Mn=16500)を得て、本発明の実施例5に使用した。
化合物18の合成において原料を化合物10に変更した以外は同様にして行い、化合物20を得た。
化合物6の合成において原料を化合物20に変更した以外は同様にして行い、化合物21を得た。
例示化合物2の合成において原料を化合物6から化合物21(0.5mmol、460mg)に変更した以外は同様にして行った。オルトジクロロベンゼンのソックスレー抽出成分から240mgの例示化合物6(Mn=15000)を得て、本発明の実施例6に使用した。
化合物22は、Org.Lett.2005,5,p945−947を参考に合成した。
化合物8の合成において原料を化合物22に変更した以外は同様にして行い、化合物23を得た。
化合物bは、J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1997,119,5065−5066を参考に合成した。
化合物6の合成において原料を化合物24に変更した以外は同様にして行い、化合物25を得た。
例示化合物1の合成において原料を化合物6から化合物25(0.5mmol、508mg)に変更した以外は同様にして行った。オルトジクロロベンゼンのソックスレー抽出成分から160mgの例示化合物7(Mn=23000)を得て、本発明の実施例7に使用した。
化合物26は、Macromolecules.,2005,38,3679−3687を参考に合成した。
化合物27は、Macromolecules,2003,36,7114−7118を参考に合成した。
化合物8の合成において原料を化合物27に変更した以外は同様にして行い、化合物28を得た。
化合物9の合成において原料を化合物28と化合物bに変更した以外は同様にして行い、化合物29を得た。
化合物6の合成において原料を化合物29に変更した以外は同様にして行い、化合物30を得た。
例示化合物2の合成において原料を化合物6から化合物30(0.5mmol、514mg)変更した以外は同様にして行った。オルトジクロロベンゼンのソックスレー抽出成分から230mgの例示化合物8(Mn=21600)を得て、本発明の実施例8に使用した。
化合物cは、Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn.,1991,64,68−73を参考に合成した。
化合物10、17の一連の合成において原料を化合物31に変更した以外は同様にして行い、化合物32を得た。
例示化合物1の合成において原料を化合物6から化合物32(0.5mmol、530mg)に変更した以外は同様にして行った。オルトジクロロベンゼンのソックスレー抽出成分から240mgの例示化合物9(Mn=20000)を得て、本発明の実施例9に使用した。
例示化合物2の合成において原料を化合物6から化合物32(0.5mmol、530mg)に変更した以外は同様にして行った。オルトジクロロベンゼンのソックスレー抽出成分から210mgの例示化合物10(Mn=19800)を得て、本発明の実施例10に使用した。
例示化合物P−2の合成において、ビス−(5,5’−トリメチルスタンニル)−3,3’−ジ−(2−エチルヘキシル)−シリレン−2,2’−ジチオフェンに代えて国際公開第2011/85004号に記載に従って合成した化合物33(0.5mmol、512mg)に変更した以外は同様にして、濃青色の例示化合物21を350mg(Mn=31000)を得て、本発明の実施例11に使用した。
例示化合物P−9の合成において、ビス−(5,5’−トリメチルスタンニル)−3,3’−ジ−(2−エチルヘキシル)−シリレン−2,2’−ジチオフェンに代えて国際公開第2011/85004号に記載に従って合成した化合物33(0.5mmol、512mg)に変更した以外は同様にして、濃青色の例示化合物21を490mg(Mn=340000)を得て、本発明の実施例12に使用した。
比較化合物1、2(特許文献2に基づいて合成)、比較化合物3(非特許文献4に基づいて合成)、比較化合物4(J.Phys.C.,2010,114,p17989−17994に基づいて合成)をそれぞれ合成した。各比較化合物の構造を下記化学式7に示す。
国際公開2008−134492号パンフットの記載を参考に、以下のようにして逆層型の有機光電変換素子を作製した。
PET基板上に、第一の電極(陰極)としてインジウム・スズ酸化物(ITO)透明導電膜150nm堆積したもの(シート抵抗12Ω/square cm2)を、通常のフォトリソグラフィ技術と湿式エッチングとを用いて10mm幅にパターニングし、第一の電極を形成した。パターン形成した第一の電極を、界面活性剤と超純水による超音波洗浄、超純水による超音波洗浄の順で洗浄後、窒素ブローで乾燥させ、最後に紫外線オゾン洗浄を行った。これ以降は基板をグローブボックス中に持ち込み、窒素雰囲気下で作業した。
p型有機半導体材料として、例示化合物1に代えて、例示化合物2〜12、比較化合物1〜4それぞれを用いたことを除いて、上記実施例1と同様の方法で、有機光電変換素子を作製した。
(開放電圧、曲線因子、および光電変換効率の評価)
上記有機光電変換素子を、それぞれエポキシ樹脂とガラスキャップとで封止した。これにソーラーシミュレーター(AM1.5Gフィルタ)を用いて100mW/cm2の強度の光を照射し、有効面積を1cm2にしたマスクを受光部に重ね、IV特性を評価することで、短絡電流密度Jsc(mA/cm2)、開放電圧Voc(V)、および曲線因子FF測定した。得られたJsc、Voc、およびFFの値から、下記式1に従って光電変換効率η[%]を算出した。結果を表1に示す。
上記実施例1〜10および比較例1〜4について、逆層型の有機光電変換素子の作製をそれぞれ5回ずつ試みた。そして、光電変換層上に大気(Air)下または窒素雰囲気下のグローブボックス(GB)内で正孔輸送層を塗布する際に、光電変換層上で有機溶剤系PEDOT:PSSの分散液に含まれる親水系溶媒が光電変換層上で弾かれることなく、良好に正孔輸送層が形成された回数により製膜性を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
上記実施例1〜12および比較例1〜4で得た有機光電変換素子を、温度80℃、湿度80%に保持した容器内に保存し、定期的に取りだしてIV特性を測定し、初期の光電変換効率を100として、初期の効率の80%の効率まで低下した時間をLT80[時間]として評価した。LT80の値が大きいほど、耐久性が良好であることを意味する。結果を表2に示す。
Claims (13)
- 下記化学式1で表される部分構造を有する共役系高分子化合物を含有する有機光電変換素子;
Wは、それぞれ独立して、CHまたは窒素原子(N)を表し、
Lは、それぞれ独立して、炭素原子数1〜10の直鎖状または分枝状アルキレン基を表し、
Y1およびY2は、それぞれ独立して、酸素原子(O)またはNR5を表し、
Zは、それぞれ独立して、炭素原子(C)、硫黄原子(S)、またはリン原子(P)を表し、
前記R1〜R5は、それぞれ独立して、水素原子(H)、炭素原子数1〜24の直鎖状もしくは分枝状アルキル基、炭素原子数3〜20のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数2〜20のアルケニル基、炭素原子数6〜30のアリール基、または炭素原子数1〜20のヘテロアリール基を表し、
a、b、cは、それぞれ独立して、3≦a+b+c≦4かつ0≦a、b、c≦2の関係式を満たす整数を表す。 - 第一の電極と、
第二の電極と、
前記第一の電極および前記第二の電極の間に存在する、n型有機半導体およびp型有機半導体を含む光電変換層を含み、
前記p型有機半導体は、前記化学式1で表される部分構造を有する共役系高分子化合物を含有する、請求項1に記載の有機光電変換素子。 - 前記Wは、CHを表す、請求項1または2に記載の有機光電変換素子。
- 前記Y1およびY2の少なくとも一方は、NR5を表す、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の有機光電変換素子。
- 前記Y2は、NR5を表す、請求項4に記載の有機光電変換素子。
- 前記Zは、硫黄原子(S)を表す、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の有機光電変換素子。
- 前記Xは、硫黄原子(S)を表す、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の有機光電変換素子。
- 前記共役系高分子化合物が、下記化学式2で表される部分構造を有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の有機光電変換素子;
X、W、L、Y1、Y2、Z、R1、a、b、およびcは、前記化学式1の規定と同様であり、
pは、それぞれ独立して、1〜5の整数を表す。 - 前記共役系高分子化合物が、下記化学式3で表される部分構造を有する、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の有機光電変換素子;
X、W、L、Y1、Y2、Z、R1、a、b、およびcは、前記化学式1の規定と同様であり、
pおよびqは、それぞれ独立して、1〜5の整数を表す。 - 前記共役系高分子化合物が、下記化学式4で表される部分構造を少なくとも1種含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の有機光電変換素子;
Dは、それぞれ独立して、ドナー性ユニットを表し、
X、W、L、Y1、Y2、Z、R1、a、b、およびcは、前記化学式1の規定と同様であり、
p、q、およびrは、それぞれ独立して、1〜5の整数を表す。 - 前記Aは下記化学式Aまたは化学式Bで表される、請求項8〜10のいずれか1項に記載の有機光電変換素子。
Ra〜Rhは、それぞれ独立して、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換または非置換の、炭素原子数1〜24のアルキル基、炭素原子数1〜24のフッ化アルキル基、炭素原子数3〜20のシクロアルキル基、炭素原子数3〜20のフッ化シクロアルキル基、炭素原子数1〜24のアルコキシ基、炭素原子数1〜24のフッ化アルコキシ基、炭素原子数1〜24のアルキルチオ基、炭素原子数1〜24のフッ化アルキルチオ基、炭素原子数6〜30のアリール基、炭素原子数6〜30のフッ化アリール基、炭素原子数1〜20のヘテロアリール基、または炭素原子数1〜20のフッ化ヘテロアリール基を表し、この際、各RaまたはRdおよびReまたはRgおよびRhはそれぞれ、互いに結合して置換基を有してもよい環を形成してもよく、または、縮環していてもよい。 - 前記第一の電極は透明電極であり、前記第二の電極は対電極であり、前記第二の電極および前記光電変換層の間に正孔輸送層を含む、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の有機光電変換素子。
- 請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の有機光電変換素子を有する、太陽電池。
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