JPWO2011030916A1 - 相変化材料および相変化型メモリ素子 - Google Patents
相変化材料および相変化型メモリ素子 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 title claims description 41
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 68
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 abstract description 68
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 34
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000618 GeSbTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002909 Bi-Te Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910005900 GeTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001215 Te alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005280 amorphization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001552 radio frequency sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 241000283986 Lepus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005546 reactive sputtering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
GexMyTe100−x−y
で示される組成を有し、式中、Mは、Al、Si、Cu、In及びSnからなる群から選択した1種類の元素を示し、xは5.0〜50.0(at.%)、yは4.0〜45.0(at.%)の範囲内で、40(at.%)≦x+y≦60(at.%)となるように選択されている、相変化材料を提供する。
GexMyLzTe100−x−y−z
の形で含み、ここでzを、40(at.%)≦x+y+z≦60(at.%)となるように選択してもよい。
図1(b)は、本発明の更なる実施形態に係る相変化材料と比較例の組成とその物理特性を表にして示す図である。
図2(a)は、本発明の種々の実施形態に係る相変化材料薄膜の電気抵抗の温度依存性を示すグラフである。
図2(b)は、本発明の種々の実施形態に係る相変化材料薄膜の電気抵抗の温度依存性を示すグラフである。
図3は、図1に示す実施例28の等温保持における電気抵抗変化を示すグラフである。
図4は、図3のグラフから求めた故障時間tFと温度との関係を示すグラフである。
図5は、本発明の一実施形態であるGe17.4Cu30.7Te51.9薄膜試料の、電気抵抗の温度依存性を示すグラフである。
図6は、図5の試料の等温保持における電気抵抗変化を示すグラフである。
図7は、図6のグラフから求めた故障時間tFと温度との関係を示すグラフである。
図8は、図1に示す比較例2の等温保持における電気抵抗変化を示すグラフである。
図9は、図8のグラフから求めた故障時間tFと温度との関係を示すグラフである。
図10(a)は、本発明の一実施形態に係る相変化型メモリ素子の概略断面図である。
図10(b)は、図10(a)に示す素子の平面図である。
図11は、本発明の他の実施形態に係る相変化型メモリ素子の概略構造を示す断面図である。
化学式1
GexMyTe100−x−y
M:Al、Si、Cu、In及びSnからなる群から選択した1種類の元素。
x、yは原子濃度(at.%)であり、xは5.0〜50.0、yは4.0〜45.0の範囲で、且つ、40(at.%)≦x+y≦60(at.%)となる様に選択される。
ln(α/(Tc)2)=−Ea/kTc+Const.
ここでα:昇温速度、Tc:結晶化温度、Ea:活性化エネルギー、k:ボルツマン定数である。
Claims (12)
- 一般化学式、
GexMyTe100−x−y
で示される組成を有し、式中、Mは、Al、Si、Cu、In及びSnからなる群から選択した1種類の元素を示し、xは5.0〜50.0(at.%)、yは4.0〜45.0(at.%)の範囲内で、40(at.%)≦x+y≦60(at.%)となるように選択されている、相変化材料。 - 追加元素Lとして、さらにN、O、Al、Si、P、Cu、InおよびSnからなる群から選択した少なくとも1種類の元素Lを、
GexMyLzTe100−x−y−z
の形で含み、ここでzは、40(at.%)≦x+y+z≦60(at.%)となるように選択されている、請求項1に記載の相変化材料。 - 前記選択した1種類の元素MがCuである場合、前記yは、4.0〜38.0(at.%)であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の相変化材料。
- 前記選択した1種類の元素MがAlである場合、前記yは、4.0〜15.0(at.%)であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の相変化材料。
- 前記選択した1種類の元素MがSiである場合、前記yは、4.0〜15.0(at.%)であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の相変化材料。
- 前記選択した1種類の元素MがCuであり、前記追加元素LがSiである場合、前記yは10.0〜38.0(at.%)、前記zは0.5〜30(at.%)であることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の相変化材料。
- 前記選択した1種類の元素MがInである場合、前記yは20.0〜40.0(at.%)であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の相変化材料。
- 前記選択した1種類の元素MがSnである場合、前記yは4.0〜15.0(at.%)であることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2に記載の相変化材料。
- 基板と、前記基板の上部に請求項1乃至9の何れか1項に記載の相変化材料で形成したメモリ層と、前記メモリ層に通電するための第1、第2の電極と、を備える、相変化型メモリ素子。
- 前記第1、第2の電極は前記基板上で前記メモリ層の両端に接して形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の相変化型メモリ素子。
- 前記第1の電極は前記基板上に形成した下部電極層と発熱性電極層とで形成され、前記第2の電極は前記メモリ層上に形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の相変化メモリ素子。
- 前記メモリ層と少なくとも前記基板間に拡散バリア層が形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項10または11に記載の相変化型メモリ素子。
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JP2012182242A (ja) * | 2011-02-28 | 2012-09-20 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | 固体メモリ |
KR101447813B1 (ko) * | 2012-04-17 | 2014-10-16 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 멀티-레벨 상변화 메모리 소자 |
CN102832339A (zh) * | 2012-09-11 | 2012-12-19 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | 用于相变存储器的Al-Ge-Te相变材料 |
CN103236495A (zh) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-08-07 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | 用于相变存储器的Sn-Ge-Te薄膜材料及其制备方法 |
JP6086097B2 (ja) * | 2014-06-17 | 2017-03-01 | 国立大学法人東北大学 | 多段相変化材料および多値記録相変化メモリ素子 |
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JP2009037703A (ja) * | 2007-08-02 | 2009-02-19 | Toshiba Corp | 抵抗変化メモリ |
JP2009289962A (ja) * | 2008-05-29 | 2009-12-10 | Toshiba Corp | 不揮発性記憶装置及びその製造方法 |
JP4538067B2 (ja) * | 2008-10-23 | 2010-09-08 | 株式会社東芝 | 半導体記憶装置 |
JP4792097B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-25 | 2011-10-12 | 株式会社東芝 | 不揮発性記憶装置及びその製造方法 |
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KR20120083310A (ko) | 2012-07-25 |
CN102612763A (zh) | 2012-07-25 |
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