JPWO2007111191A1 - 有機半導体薄膜、有機薄膜トランジスタ及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
有機半導体薄膜、有機薄膜トランジスタ及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2007111191A1 JPWO2007111191A1 JP2008507442A JP2008507442A JPWO2007111191A1 JP WO2007111191 A1 JPWO2007111191 A1 JP WO2007111191A1 JP 2008507442 A JP2008507442 A JP 2008507442A JP 2008507442 A JP2008507442 A JP 2008507442A JP WO2007111191 A1 JPWO2007111191 A1 JP WO2007111191A1
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- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- SITVSCPRJNYAGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L tellurite Chemical compound [O-][Te]([O-])=O SITVSCPRJNYAGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000000000 tetracarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLDYACGHTUPAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyanoethylene Chemical group N#CC(C#N)=C(C#N)C#N NLDYACGHTUPAQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCCVSPMFGIFTHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyanoquinodimethane Chemical compound N#CC(C#N)=C1C=CC(=C(C#N)C#N)C=C1 PCCVSPMFGIFTHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940001496 tribasic sodium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GYZQBXUDWTVJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](C)(OCCCC)OCCCC GYZQBXUDWTVJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAVPBWLGJVKEGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)OCCCC)CCC2OC21 OAVPBWLGJVKEGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQYWWLSIKWDAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCCCO[Si](OCCCC)(OCCCC)CCCOCC1CO1 FQYWWLSIKWDAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNKMHLWJZHLPPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(oxiran-2-ylmethoxymethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)COCC1CO1 UNKMHLWJZHLPPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJDLPDPRMYAOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C(C)C BJDLPDPRMYAOCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHKFEBYBHZXHMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[1-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)butyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C(CCC)OCC1CO1 OHKFEBYBHZXHMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJQPASOTJGFOMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[1-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)ethyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C(C)OCC1CO1 SJQPASOTJGFOMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NFRRMEMOPXUROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[1-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C(CC)OCC1CO1 NFRRMEMOPXUROM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDUKMRHNZZLJRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC)CCC2OC21 UDUKMRHNZZLJRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWJUTPORTOUFDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[2-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)ethyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCOCC1CO1 RWJUTPORTOUFDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPNCYSTUWLXFOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)butyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCC(C)OCC1CO1 KPNCYSTUWLXFOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- JLGNHOJUQFHYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCC(F)(F)F JLGNHOJUQFHYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFBULLRGNLZJAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(oxiran-2-ylmethoxymethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)COCC1CO1 LFBULLRGNLZJAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGROXJWYRXANBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C(C)C LGROXJWYRXANBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFJVMNHOSKMOSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[1-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)butyl]silane Chemical compound CCCC([Si](OC)(OC)OC)OCC1CO1 FFJVMNHOSKMOSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAVVOFDYOGMLNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[1-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)ethyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C(C)OCC1CO1 DAVVOFDYOGMLNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FNBIAJGPJUOAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[1-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C(CC)OCC1CO1 FNBIAJGPJUOAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DQZNLOXENNXVAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKFKPRKYSBTUDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)butyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC(CC)OCC1CO1 KKFKPRKYSBTUDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNXDCSVNCSSUNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)ethyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCOCC1CO1 ZNXDCSVNCSSUNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTVULPNMIHOVRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC(C)OCC1CO1 HTVULPNMIHOVRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBUFXGVMAMMWSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)propyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DBUFXGVMAMMWSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPNGHDNBNMPON-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)butyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCC(C)OCC1CO1 ZQPNGHDNBNMPON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C08G2261/32—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating heteroaromatic structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/322—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating heteroaromatic structural elements in the main chain non-condensed
- C08G2261/3223—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating heteroaromatic structural elements in the main chain non-condensed containing one or more sulfur atoms as the only heteroatom, e.g. thiophene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- H10K10/462—Insulated gate field-effect transistors [IGFETs]
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- H10K10/46—Field-effect transistors, e.g. organic thin-film transistors [OTFT]
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Abstract
Description
2.前記一般式(1)中、R1〜R3の少なくとも1つがアルキル基であることを特徴とする前記1に記載の有機半導体薄膜。
4.前記表面処理剤がシランカップリング剤であることを特徴とする前記1又は2に記載の有機半導体薄膜。
2 ソース電極
3 ドレイン電極
4 ゲート電極
5 絶縁層
6 支持体
7 ゲートバスライン
8 ソースバスライン
1a 支持体
2a 下引き層
3a 有機半導体保護層
4a ドレイン電極
5a ソース電極
6a 有機半導体層
7a ゲート絶縁層
8a ゲート電極
9a 陽極酸化皮膜
10 有機薄膜トランジスタシート
11 ゲートバスライン
12 ソースバスライン
14 有機薄膜トランジスタ素子
15 蓄積コンデンサ
16 出力素子
17 垂直駆動回路
18 水平駆動回路
20 プラズマ放電処理容器
40 ガス発生装置
50 高周波電源
60 元巻き基体
P 大気圧プラズマ放電処理装置
F 基体
G 放電ガス
M 薄膜形成ガス
101 高周波電源
102 低周波電源
103 平板型の電極
104a 角型棒状の電極
104b 角型棒状の電極
111,211,212 第1電極
112,221,222 第2電極
113 放電空間
114 処理位置
121 第1電源
122 第2電源
123 第1フィルター
124 第2フィルター
213 誘電体
本発明の有機半導体薄膜は、基体(「基材」ともいう。)の表面を少なくとも上記一般式(1)で表される末端構造を有する表面処理剤を用いて表面処理を行って、基体の表面に薄膜を形成した後、その薄膜上に有機半導体層を形成することを特徴とする。
上記一般式(1)で表される末端構造において、Xはケイ素(Si)、ゲルマニウム(Ge)、スズ(Sn)、鉛(Pb)の何れかの原子を表す。R1〜R3は、各々水素原子又は置換基を表す。
本発明に係る表面処理剤は、少なくとも1種の表面処理剤として、前記一般式(1)で表される末端構造を有する化合物を使用することを要するが、本発明において好ましい表面処理剤は前記一般式(2)で表される化合物である。
薄膜の形成方法としては特に限定されないが、真空蒸着法、分子線エピタキシャル成長法、イオンクラスタービーム法、低エネルギーイオンビーム法、イオンプレーティング法、CVD法、スパッタリング法、大気圧プラズマ法(大気圧プラズマCVD法)や、ディップコート法、キャスト法、リールコート法、バーコート法、ダイコート法等の塗布による方法、印刷やインクジェット等のパターニングによる方法等のウエットプロセスが挙げられ、材料に応じて使用できる。
湿式法では、例えば基体を表面処理剤の1質量%トルエン溶液に10分浸漬後、乾燥する、またはこの溶液を基体上に塗布、乾燥する。
表面処理剤(プラズマCVD法では薄膜形成材料を原料ともいう)を含む反応ガスを50〜500℃の範囲で加熱された基体上に供給し、熱的反応により薄膜を形成する熱CVD法や、後述する大気圧プラズマ法の装置と放電ガス、反応ガスを用いて、0.01〜100Paの減圧下で行う一般的なプラズマCVD法を用いた場合にも、本発明の効果を得ることができるが、移動度の向上、薄膜の均一性、薄膜の形成速度、非真空系での効率的生産という観点から、大気圧プラズマ法が最も好ましい。
図1は、プラズマ放電処理装置Pに用いられるプラズマ放電処理容器20の一例を示す概念図であり、やや別の実施の形態においては、図2に示すプラズマ放電処理容器20を用いている。
V1≧IV>V2
または V1>IV≧V2
を満たす。さらに好ましくは、
V1>IV>V2
を満たすことである。
各電極部の高周波プローブ(P6015A)を設置し、該高周波プローブをオシロスコープ(Tektronix社製、TDS3012B)に接続し、電圧を測定する。
電極間に放電ガスを供給し、該電極間の電圧を増大させていき、放電が始まる電圧を放電開始電圧IVと定義する。測定器は上記高周波電圧測定と同じである。
高い放電開始電圧を有する放電ガスの放電を開始するのに必要であり、また、第2の周波数ω2側はプラズマ密度を高くして緻密で良質な薄膜を形成するのに必要であるということが本発明の重要な点である。
使用するガスは、基体上に設けたい薄膜の種類によって異なるが、基本的に、放電ガス(不活性ガス)と、薄膜を形成するための表面処理剤を含む反応ガスの混合ガスである。反応ガスは、混合ガスに対し、0.01〜10体積%含有させることが好ましい。0.1〜10体積%であることがより好ましいが、さらに好ましくは、0.1〜5体積%である。
以下に、本発明に係る有機半導体材料を用いて形成された有機薄膜を用いた有機薄膜トランジスタ(「有機TFT」ともいう。)について説明する。
本発明において、上記無電解メッキにより電極が設けられる前に、有機半導体層上に形成される保護膜としては、前記、メッキ触媒、またメッキ剤中の金属塩また還元剤等の作用を封じる、有機半導体材料にたいし影響を与えない不活性な材料であればよく、また有機半導体保護層の上に光感応性樹脂層等の感光性組成物を形成するような場合には、その塗布工程で影響を受けないことと、さらに光感応性樹脂層のパターニング時にも影響を受けない材料であるが好ましい。
有機半導体薄膜(「有機半導体薄層」ともいう。)を構成する有機半導体材料としては、後述する種々の縮合多環芳香族化合物や共役系化合物が適用可能である。
前記一般式(4)で表されるチオフェンオリゴマーについて説明する。
本発明に用いられるチオフェンオリゴマーの末端基について説明する。
ば、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子等)等が挙げられる。
本発明に用いられるチオフェンオリゴマーは、構造中に、Head−to−Head構造を持たないことが好ましく、それに加えて、更に好ましくは、前記構造中に、Head−to−Tail構造、または、Tail−to−Tail構造を有することが好ましい。
一般式(OSC1)において、R1〜R6で各々表される置換基としては、アルキル基(例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、tert−ブチル基、ペンチル基、tert−ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、オクチル基、tert−オクチル基、ドデシル基、トリデシル基、テトラデシル基、ペンタデシル基等)、シクロアルキル基(例えば、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基等)、アルケニル基(例えば、例えば、ビニル基、アリル基、1−プロペニル基、2−ブテニル基、1,3−ブタジエニル基、2−ペンテニル基、イソプロペニル基等)、アルキニル基(例えば、エチニル基、プロパルギル基等)、芳香族炭化水素基(芳香族炭素環基、アリール基等ともいい、例えば、フェニル基、p−クロロフェニル基、メシチル基、トリル基、キシリル基、ナフチル基、アントリル基、アズレニル基、アセナフテニル基、フルオレニル基、フェナントリル基、インデニル基、ピレニル基、ビフェニリル基等)、芳香族複素環基(ヘテロアリール基ともいい、例えば、ピリジル基、ピリミジニル基、フリル基、ピロリル基、イミダゾリル基、ベンゾイミダゾリル基、ピラゾリル基、ピラジニル基、トリアゾリル基(例えば、1,2,4−トリアゾール−1−イル基、1,2,3−トリアゾール−1−イル基等)、オキサゾリル基、ベンゾオキサゾリル基、チアゾリル基、イソオキサゾリル基、イソチアゾリル基、フラザニル基、チエニル基、キノリル基、ベンゾフリル基、ジベンゾフリル基、ベンゾチエニル基、ジベンゾチエニル基、インドリル基、カルバゾリル基、カルボリニル基、ジアザカルバゾリル基(前記カルボリニル基のカルボリン環を構成する炭素原子の一つが窒素原子で置き換わったものを示す)、キノキサリニル基、ピリダジニル基、トリアジニル基、キナゾリニル基、フタラジニル基等)、複素環基(例えば、ピロリジル基、イミダゾリジル基、モルホリル基、オキサゾリジル基等)、アルコキシ基(例えば、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロピルオキシ基、ペンチルオキシ基、ヘキシルオキシ基、オクチルオキシ基、ドデシルオキシ基等)、シクロアルコキシ基(例えば、シクロペンチルオキシ基、シクロヘキシルオキシ基等)、アリールオキシ基(例えば、フェノキシ基、ナフチルオキシ基等)、アルキルチオ基(例えば、メチルチオ基、エチルチオ基、プロピルチオ基、ペンチルチオ基、ヘキシルチオ基、オクチルチオ基、ドデシルチオ基等)、シクロアルキルチオ基(例えば、シクロペンチルチオ基、シクロヘキシルチオ基等)、アリールチオ基(例えば、フェニルチオ基、ナフチルチオ基等)、アルコキシカルボニル基(例えば、メチルオキシカルボニル基、エチルオキシカルボニル基、ブチルオキシカルボニル基、オクチルオキシカルボニル基、ドデシルオキシカルボニル基等)、アリールオキシカルボニル基(例えば、フェニルオキシカルボニル基、ナフチルオキシカルボニル基等)、スルファモイル基(例えば、アミノスルホニル基、メチルアミノスルホニル基、ジメチルアミノスルホニル基、ブチルアミノスルホニル基、ヘキシルアミノスルホニル基、シクロヘキシルアミノスルホニル基、オクチルアミノスルホニル基、ドデシルアミノスルホニル基、フェニルアミノスルホニル基、ナフチルアミノスルホニル基、2−ピリジルアミノスルホニル基等)、アシル基(例えば、アセチル基、エチルカルボニル基、プロピルカルボニル基、ペンチルカルボニル基、シクロヘキシルカルボニル基、オクチルカルボニル基、2−エチルヘキシルカルボニル基、ドデシルカルボニル基、フェニルカルボニル基、ナフチルカルボニル基、ピリジルカルボニル基等)、アシルオキシ基(例えば、アセチルオキシ基、エチルカルボニルオキシ基、ブチルカルボニルオキシ基、オクチルカルボニルオキシ基、ドデシルカルボニルオキシ基、フェニルカルボニルオキシ基等)、アミド基(例えば、メチルカルボニルアミノ基、エチルカルボニルアミノ基、ジメチルカルボニルアミノ基、プロピルカルボニルアミノ基、ペンチルカルボニルアミノ基、シクロヘキシルカルボニルアミノ基、2−エチルヘキシルカルボニルアミノ基、オクチルカルボニルアミノ基、ドデシルカルボニルアミノ基、フェニルカルボニルアミノ基、ナフチルカルボニルアミノ基等)、カルバモイル基(例えば、アミノカルボニル基、メチルアミノカルボニル基、ジメチルアミノカルボニル基、プロピルアミノカルボニル基、ペンチルアミノカルボニル基、シクロヘキシルアミノカルボニル基、オクチルアミノカルボニル基、2−エチルヘキシルアミノカルボニル基、ドデシルアミノカルボニル基、フェニルアミノカルボニル基、ナフチルアミノカルボニル基、2−ピリジルアミノカルボニル基等)、ウレイド基(例えば、メチルウレイド基、エチルウレイド基、ペンチルウレイド基、シクロヘキシルウレイド基、オクチルウレイド基、ドデシルウレイド基、フェニルウレイド基ナフチルウレイド基、2−ピリジルアミノウレイド基等)、スルフィニル基(例えば、メチルスルフィニル基、エチルスルフィニル基、ブチルスルフィニル基、シクロヘキシルスルフィニル基、2−エチルヘキシルスルフィニル基、ドデシルスルフィニル基、フェニルスルフィニル基、ナフチルスルフィニル基、2−ピリジルスルフィニル基等)、アルキルスルホニル基(例えば、メチルスルホニル基、エチルスルホニル基、ブチルスルホニル基、シクロヘキシルスルホニル基、2−エチルヘキシルスルホニル基、ドデシルスルホニル基等)、アリールスルホニル基(フェニルスルホニル基、ナフチルスルホニル基、2−ピリジルスルホニル基等)、アミノ基(例えば、アミノ基、エチルアミノ基、ジメチルアミノ基、ブチルアミノ基、シクロペンチルアミノ基、2−エチルヘキシルアミノ基、ドデシルアミノ基、アニリノ基、ナフチルアミノ基、2−ピリジルアミノ基等)、ハロゲン原子(例えば、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子等)、フッ化炭化水素基(例えば、フルオロメチル基、トリフルオロメチル基、ペンタフルオロエチル基、ペンタフルオロフェニル基等)、シアノ基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキシ基、メルカプト基、シリル基(例えば、トリメチルシリル基、トリイソプロピルシリル基、トリフェニルシリル基、フェニルジエチルシリル基等)、等が挙げられる。
一般式(OSC2)において、R7又はR8で表される置換基は、般式(OSC1)においてR1〜R6で各々表される置換基と同義である。また、Z1又はZ2で表される芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基は、上記R1〜R6で各々表される置換基として記載されている芳香族炭化水素基、芳香族複素環基と各々同義である。
上記一般式(SG1)において、R9〜R11で表される置換基は、前記一般式(1)におけるR1〜R3で表される置換基と同義である。
基板を構成する支持体材料としては、種々の材料が利用可能であり、例えば、ガラス、石英、酸化アルミニウム、サファイア、チッ化珪素、炭化珪素などのセラミック基板、シリコン、ゲルマニウム、ガリウム砒素、ガリウム燐、ガリウム窒素など半導体基板、紙、不織布などを用いることができるが、本発明において支持体は樹脂からなることが好ましく、例えばプラスチックフィルムシートを用いることができる。プラスチックフィルムとしては、例えばポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリエチレンナフタレート(PEN)、ポリエーテルスルホン(PES)、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリアリレート、ポリイミド、ボリカーボネート(PC)、セルローストリアセテート(TAC)、セルロースアセテートプロピオネート(CAP)等からなるフィルム等が挙げられる。プラスチックフィルムを用いることで、ガラス基板を用いる場合に比べて軽量化を図ることができ、可搬性を高めることができるとともに、衝撃に対する耐性を向上できる。
オブ酸ビスマス、トリオキサイドイットリウム等が挙げられる。また無機窒化物としては窒化ケイ素、窒化アルミニウム等が挙げられる。
下記組成の塗布液を乾燥膜厚2μmになるように塗布し、90℃で5分間乾燥した後、60W/cmの高圧水銀灯下10cmの距離から4秒間硬化させた。
ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート2量体 20g
ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート3量体以上の成分 20g
ジエトキシベンゾフェノンUV開始剤 2g
シリコーン系界面活性剤 1g
メチルエチルケトン 75g
メチルプロピレングリコール 75g
さらにその層の上に下記条件で連続的に大気圧プラズマ処理して厚さ50nmの酸化ケイ素膜を設け、これらの層を下引き層2aとした(図12(1))。
不活性ガス:ヘリウム98.25体積%
反応性ガス:酸素ガス1.5体積%
反応性ガス:テトラエトキシシラン蒸気(ヘリウムガスにてバブリング)0.25体積%
(放電条件)
放電出力:10W/cm2
(電極条件)
電極は、冷却水による冷却手段を有するステンレス製ジャケットロール母材に対して、セラミック溶射によるアルミナを1mm被覆し、その後、テトラメトキシシランを酢酸エチルで希釈した溶液を塗布乾燥後、紫外線照射により封孔処理を行い、表面を平滑にしてRmax5μmとした誘電体(比誘電率10)を有するロール電極であり、アースされている。一方、印加電極としては、中空の角型のステンレスパイプに対し、上記同様の誘電体を同条件にて被覆した。
色素A 7部
ノボラック樹脂(フェノールとm−、p−混合クレゾールとホルムアルデヒドを共縮合させたノボラック樹脂(Mw=4000、フェノール/m−クレゾール/p−クレゾールのモル比がそれぞれ5/57/38)) 90部
クリスタルバイオレット 3部
プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル 1000部
ゲート電極を形成したのち基板をよく洗浄し、10質量%燐酸アンモニウム水溶液中で、2分間、30Vの低電圧電源から供給される直流を用いて、陽極酸化皮膜の厚さが120nmになるまで陽極酸化をおこなった。よく洗浄した後に、1気圧、100℃の飽和した蒸気チャンバーの中で、蒸気封孔処理を施した。この様にして陽極酸化被膜を有するゲート電極を下引き処理したポリエーテルスルホン樹脂フィルム上に作製した。
不活性ガス:ヘリウム98.25体積%
反応性ガス:酸素ガス1.5体積%
反応性ガス:テトラエトキシシラン蒸気(ヘリウムガスにてバブリング)0.25体積%
(放電条件)
放電出力:10W/cm2
次にST−8を溶解した3質量%のキシレン溶液を、ゲート絶縁層表面に厚さ100μmの塗膜を形成するよう、ダイコーターを用いて塗布し3分間放置した後、ヘキサンで、次いでイソプロパノールですすぎ、乾燥して表面処理を行った。
可溶性パラジウム塩(塩化パラジウム) 20質量%(Pd2+濃度1.0g/l)
イソプロピルアルコール 12質量%
グリセリン 20質量%
2−メチル−ペンタンチオール 5質量%
1,3−ブタンジオール 3質量%
イオン交換水 40質量%
更に、乾燥定着させて、触媒パターンM1を形成した(図12(5))。
ジシアノ金カリウム 0.1モル/L
蓚酸ナトリウム 0.1モル/L
酒石酸ナトリウムカリウム 0.1モル/L
を溶解した均一溶液
金薄膜が形成された基板表面を、純水で、充分に洗浄、乾燥して、図12(6)に示される薄膜トランジスタが形成される。
図14の(1)は、PES(ポリエーテルスルホン)樹脂フィルム(200μm)を基板として、基板1a上に、前記下引き層2aおよび陽極酸化被膜9a付きのアルミニウムによるゲート電極8a、そして、ゲート絶縁膜7a、有機半導体層6aが、前記図13において示した方法により順次形成されたところを示す。
この有機半導体層6aの上に、前記実施態様において無電解メッキの触媒のパターンを印刷するのに用いたものと同じ静電吸引型インクジェット装置で、静電界印加用電極部と対向電極部との間に印加されるバイアス電圧およびパルス電圧等の条件を適宜調整し、十分に精製を行ったポリビニルアルコールを超純粋製造装置で精製された水に溶解した水溶液をインクとして用いて、保護膜パターンの印刷をおこなった。印刷は、有機半導体層の、ソース、ドレイン電極間において、半導体チャネルを構成する部分に選択的に保護膜材料を吐出した。印刷後、窒素ガス雰囲気中100℃にて、よく乾燥させ、厚さ1μmのポリビニルアルコールの有機半導体保護層3aを形成した(図14の(2))。
(メッキ触媒パターン形成)
次いで、電極形成領域に、前記実施態様において無電解メッキの触媒のパターンを印刷するのに用いたものと同じ静電吸引型インクジェット装置を用いて、同条件にてソース電極、ドレイン電極のパターンにしたがって下記メッキ触媒液を吐出し、これを乾燥、定着しメッキ触媒パターンM1を形成した(図14(3)、(4))。
可溶性パラジウム塩(塩化パラジウム) 20質量%(Pd2+濃度1.0g/l)
イソプロピルアルコール 12質量%
グリセリン 20質量%
2−メチル−ペンタンチオール 5質量%
1,3−ブタンジオール 3質量%
イオン交換水 40質量%
レジストの形成によるソース電極、ソースバスライン、又ドレイン電極の正確なパターニングを用いることなく、静電吸引型インクジェット装置による印刷を用い、メッキ触媒液を正確に電極パターンに従って吐出、配置できる。次いで、メッキ触媒を乾燥して、触媒パターンを定着した。
次に、上記の触媒パターンが形成された基板を無電解金メッキ浴(ジシアノ金カリウム0.1モル/リットル、蓚酸ナトリウム0.1モル/リットル、酒石酸ナトリウムカリウム0.1モル/リットルを溶解した均一溶液)に浸漬して、厚み110nmの金からなる金属薄膜M2を形成させ、ソース、ドレイン電極を形成した。電極形成後充分に洗浄、乾燥し、薄膜トランジスタを形成した(図14(5))。
(有機薄膜トランジスタの作製)
ゲート電極としての比抵抗0.02Ω・cmのn型Siウェハーに、厚さ200nmの熱酸化膜を形成してゲート絶縁層とした。熱酸化膜の表面を酸素プラズマ処理により洗浄した後、表1に記載の表面処理剤を溶解したトルエン溶液(1質量%、55℃)に10分間浸漬した後、トルエンですすぎ、乾燥して熱酸化膜の表面処理を行った。
得られた有機薄膜トランジスタについて以下の評価を行った。評価の結果を表1に示す。
有機半導体材料溶液塗布時の塗布性を下記基準で評価した。
I−V特性の飽和領域からキャリア移動度(cm2/V・sec)を求めた。
(有機薄膜トランジスタの作製)
ゲート電極としての比抵抗0.02Ω・cmのn型Siウェハーに、厚さ200nmの熱酸化膜を形成してゲート絶縁層とした。
不活性ガス:ヘリウム 98.25体積%
反応性ガス:酸素ガス 1.50体積%
反応性ガス:表面処理剤(ST−2) 0.25体積%
〈放電条件〉
放電出力:10W/cm2
ここでは、パール工業製高周波電源を用い、周波数13.56MHzで放電させた。
電極は、冷却水による冷却手段を有するステンレス製ジャケットロール母材に対して、セラミック溶射によるアルミナを1mm被覆し、その後、テトラメトキシシランを酢酸エチルで希釈した溶液を塗布乾燥後、紫外線照射により封孔処理を行い、表面を平滑にしてRmax5μmとした誘電体(比誘電率10)を有するロール電極であり、アースされている。一方、印加電極としては、中空の角型のステンレスパイプに対し、上記同様の誘電体を同条件にて被覆した。
実施例1の条件にて、別表のように、表面処理材と有機半導体材料を替えて、実施例1と同様にトランジスタを作製した。塗布性、キャリア移動度は以下のようになった。
ゲート電極としての比抵抗0.02Ω・cmのn型Siウェハーに、厚さ200nmの熱酸化膜を形成してゲート絶縁層とした。熱酸化膜の表面を酸素プラズマ処理により洗浄した後、別表に記載の表面処理剤を溶解したトルエン溶液(1質量%、55℃)に10分間浸漬した後、トルエンですすぎ、乾燥して熱酸化膜の表面処理を行った。
得られた有機薄膜トランジスタについて実施例1同様に評価を行った。評価の結果を別表に示す。
Claims (12)
- 表面処理された基体上に形成された有機半導体薄膜において、該表面処理に用いられる表面処理剤が下記一般式(1)で表される末端構造を有することを特徴とする有機半導体薄膜。
〔式中、Xは、ケイ素(Si)、ゲルマニウム(Ge)、スズ(Sn)、及び鉛(Pb)から選ばれる何れかの原子を表す。R1〜R3は各々水素原子又は置換基を表す。〕 - 前記一般式(1)中、R1〜R3の少なくとも1つがアルキル基であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の有機半導体薄膜。
- 前記表面処理剤が下記一般式(2)で表される化合物であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項又は第2項に記載の有機半導体薄膜。
〔式中、Xは前記一般式(1)のXと同義であり、Zは、ケイ素(Si)、チタン(Ti)、ゲルマニウム(Ge)、スズ(Sn)、及び鉛(Pb)から選ばれる何れかの原子を表す。R1〜R6は各々水素原子又は置換基を表す。Yは連結基を表す。〕 - 前記表面処理剤がシランカップリング剤であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項又は第2項に記載の有機半導体薄膜。
- 前記有機半導体薄膜を形成する有機半導体材料が前記一般式(1)で表される部分構造を有することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項〜第4項の何れか一項に記載の有機半導体薄膜。
- 請求の範囲第1項〜第5項の何れか一項に記載の有機半導体薄膜を用いたことを特徴とする有機薄膜トランジスタ。
- 前記有機薄膜トランジスタがボトムゲート構造であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第6項に記載の有機薄膜トランジスタ。
- 請求の範囲第6項又は第7項に記載の有機薄膜トランジスタの製造方法において、有機半導体薄膜が有機半導体材料を含む溶液から形成されたことを特徴とする有機薄膜トランジスタの製造方法。
- 請求の範囲第6項又は第7項に記載の有機薄膜トランジスタの製造方法において、基体の表面処理が、表面処理剤の溶液を基体表面に供給することで行われることを特徴とする有機薄膜トランジスタの製造方法。
- 請求の範囲第6項又は第7項に記載の有機薄膜トランジスタの製造方法において、基体の表面処理がCVD法により行われることを特徴とする有機薄膜トランジスタの製造方法。
- 基体の前記表面処理がプラズマCVD法により行われることを特徴とする請求の範囲第10項に記載の有機薄膜トランジスタの製造方法。
- 前記プラズマCVD法が大気圧プラズマCVD法であることを特徴とする請求の範囲第11項に記載の有機薄膜トランジスタの製造方法。
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WO2009044659A1 (ja) * | 2007-10-05 | 2009-04-09 | Konica Minolta Holdings, Inc. | パターン形成方法 |
WO2010061883A1 (ja) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-03 | 日産化学工業株式会社 | 薄膜トランジスタ用ゲート絶縁膜形成剤 |
US20110094557A1 (en) | 2009-10-27 | 2011-04-28 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method of forming semiconductor film and photovoltaic device including the film |
US10147604B2 (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2018-12-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Aqueous-based method of forming semiconductor film and photovoltaic device including the film |
JP5534945B2 (ja) * | 2010-05-28 | 2014-07-02 | 帝人株式会社 | アルキルシラン積層体及びその製造方法、並びに薄膜トランジスタ |
DE102011080620B4 (de) * | 2011-08-08 | 2014-06-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren für die Beschichtung eines Isolationsbauteils und Isolationsbauteil sowie elektrisch leitfähiges Heizkabel |
US8696864B2 (en) | 2012-01-26 | 2014-04-15 | Promerus, Llc | Room temperature debonding composition, method and stack |
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US9165873B1 (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2015-10-20 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Semiconductor package having etched foil capacitor integrated into leadframe |
US9142496B1 (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2015-09-22 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Semiconductor package having etched foil capacitor integrated into leadframe |
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