JPWO2006121011A1 - 生分解性樹脂組成物及びその成形体 - Google Patents
生分解性樹脂組成物及びその成形体 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2006121011A1 JPWO2006121011A1 JP2007528270A JP2007528270A JPWO2006121011A1 JP WO2006121011 A1 JPWO2006121011 A1 JP WO2006121011A1 JP 2007528270 A JP2007528270 A JP 2007528270A JP 2007528270 A JP2007528270 A JP 2007528270A JP WO2006121011 A1 JPWO2006121011 A1 JP WO2006121011A1
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- hydroxyalkanoate
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/13—Phenols; Phenolates
- C08K5/134—Phenols containing ester groups
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Abstract
Description
上記マスターバッチは、上記生分解性(3−ヒドロキシアルカノエート)共重合体(A)100重量部に対して、上記アクリル系改質剤(B)を5〜400重量部含有するものであるのが好ましい。
本発明における生分解性ポリマーとしては、嫌気性下で分解する性質や、耐湿性に優れる点、高分子量化が可能である点から、式(1):[−CHR−CH2−CO−O−](式中、RはCnH2n+1で表されるアルキル基を表し、n=1〜15の整数である。)で示される繰り返し単位からなる(3−ヒドロキシアルカノエート)共重合体(A)が用いられる。
本実施例で使用した樹脂や添加剤は、以下のとおりである。
A−1:PHBH
ポリ[(3−ヒドロキシブチレート)−コ−(3−ヒドロキシヘキサノエート)](HH率=12mol%、Mw=50万)
A−2:PHBH
ポリ[(3−ヒドロキシブチレート)−コ−(3−ヒドロキシヘキサノエート)](HH率=7mol%、Mw=50万)
B−1:アクリル系改質剤((株)カネカ製、カネエースPA10;Mw=80万)
B−2:アクリル系改質剤((株)カネカ製、カネエースPA20;Mw=100万)
B−3:アクリル系改質剤((株)カネカ製、カネエースPA40;Mw=600万)
B−4:アクリル系改質剤((株)カネカ製、カネエースPA60;Mw=800万)
C−1:造核剤 ベヘン酸アミド(CRODA JAPAN社製、Incroslip B)
D−1:ヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤(チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ製、イルガノックス−1010)
得られた樹脂組成物に対して、150mm幅、リップ0.25mmのT型ダイスを装着した1軸押出機ラボプラストミル((株)東洋精機製作所製、20C200型)を用いて、加工温度160℃、スクリュー回転数10rpmの条件にて押出し、ダイスから樹脂が出始めてから950mm下の地面に到達する迄の時間を測定した。ドローダウン性が良好な時は、上記測定時間が長くなる。
得られた樹脂組成物に対して、幅350mm、リップ厚み0.25mmのT型ダイスを装着した1軸押出機(スクリュー径:φ40mm)を用いて、加工温度160℃、スクリュー回転数15rpmの条件にて0.4mm厚のシートを押出した。得られたシートから切り出した試験片(長さ330mm×幅330mm)に関して、真空成形機(センバシステム VAS66−4.5T)を用いて、凸形状金型(幅150mm×長さ200mm×高さ30m)にて真空成形を行い、成形体を得た。なお、真空成形時のシート加熱条件はシート表面温度が150℃になるように調節した。得られた成形体の外観から、真空成形時の加熱されたシートの伸び特性を評価した。
評価基準は次の通りである。
○:伸び特性が良く、成形体に破れが発生しない。
×:伸び特性が悪く、成形体に破れが発生する。
得られた樹脂組成物を、75トン射出成形機(日精樹脂工業製、IS75E)、及び、120×120×3mm厚の平板金型を用いて、下記の成形条件にて射出成形し、成形時のバリ発生状態を評価した。射出成形は、金型温度60℃、成形温度160℃、射出速度15%、射出圧力50%、保圧15%、冷却時間20秒という成形条件で実施した。
評価基準は次の通りである。
○:ほとんどバリが発生しない。
×:大きくバリが発生する。
表1に示した配合比率にて、ポリ[(3−ヒドロキシブチレート)−コ−(3−ヒドロキシヘキサノエート)](PHBH)、アクリル系改質剤、造核剤および酸化防止剤の混合物を、2軸押出成形機(日本製鋼所製、TEX30α)を用いて、シリンダ設定温度130℃にて溶融混練して、組成物のペレットを得た。
表2に示した配合比率にて、実施例1と同様の操作により、ドローダウン性を評価した。
本実施例で使用した樹脂や添加剤は、以下のとおりである。
PHBH:ポリ[(3−ヒドロキシブチレート)−コ−(3−ヒドロキシヘキサノエート)](HH率:PHBH中の3−ヒドロキシヘキサノエートのモル分率(mol%)が12%のもの)(屈折率1.485)
M−400:アクリル系ゴムをコア層としビニル系単量体からなる重合体をシェル層とするコア−シェル型グラフト共重合体((株)カネカ製、屈折率1.468)
造核剤:ベヘン酸アミド(CRODA JAPAN社製、Incroslip B)
PA−60:アクリル系改質剤、Mw=800万((株)カネカ製、屈折率1.485)
酸化防止剤:ヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤(チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ製、イルガノックス−1010)
<ドローダウン性の評価>
上記実施例1〜12と同様の方法にて評価した。
得られたシートから試験用ダンベルを打ち抜き、オートグラフ((株)島津製作所製)を使用して、JIS K7113に準拠して、最大引張強度、破断強度、破断伸び、弾性率を測定した。なお、シートの縦方向(MD)、横方向(TD)について、それぞれ測定した。
T型ダイス押出機により作成したシートを用い、ブツ(塊状物)の存在状態によりシートの表面状態を目視で評価した。
評価基準は次の通りである。
○:ブツがほとんど存在しない。
△:ブツが少し存在する。
×:ブツが多く存在する。
上記引っ張り試験に使用したシートを目視で評価した。
評価基準は次の通りである。
○:透明感あり
△:透明感低い
×:透明感なし
PHBHは、微生物として、Alcaligenes eutrophusにAeromonas caviae由来のPHA合成酵素遺伝子を導入したAlcaligenes eutrophus AC32(J.Bacteriol.,179,4821(1997))を用いて原料、培養条件を適宜調整して生産されたPHBHで、HH率が12mol%であり、Mw(重量平均分子量)が約50万のものを使用した。その他の使用原料は、表3、4に示した原料と部数を配合して使用した。
マスターバッチを用いずに、表4に示す割合で配合した以外は、実施例と同様の操作により、樹脂組成物のペレットを得、実施例と同様の評価を行った。その結果を、表4に示す。
Claims (14)
- 式(1):[−CHR−CH2−CO−O−](式中、RはCnH2n+1で表されるアルキル基を表し、n=1〜15の整数である。)で示される繰り返し単位からなる生分解性(3−ヒドロキシアルカノエート)共重合体(A)100重量部に対して、重量平均分子量Mwが50万〜1000万であるアクリル系改質剤(B)0.1〜100重量部を含有することを特徴とする、樹脂組成物。
- マスターバッチを用いて、樹脂組成物中の生分解性(3−ヒドロキシアルカノエート)共重合体(A)100重量部に対して、アクリル系改質剤(B)が0.1〜100重量部となるよう配合した樹脂組成物であって、
前記マスターバッチは、前記生分解性(3−ヒドロキシアルカノエート)共重合体(A)100重量部に対して、前記アクリル系改質剤(B)を5〜400重量部含有するものである、請求項1記載の樹脂組成物。 - 前記生分解性(3−ヒドロキシアルカノエート)共重合体(A)100重量部に対して、アクリル系改質剤(B)を0.1〜50重量部含有する、請求項1または2記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記マスターバッチが、前記生分解性(3−ヒドロキシアルカノエート)共重合体(A)100重量部に対して、前記アクリル系改質剤を(B)5〜200重量部含有する、請求項2または3記載の樹脂組成物。
- さらにコア−シェル型グラフト共重合体(C)を含有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記生分解性(3−ヒドロキシアルカノエート)共重合体(A)が、(3−ヒドロキシブチレート)繰り返し単位および(3−ヒドロキシヘキサノエート)繰り返し単位からなるポリ[(3−ヒドロキシブチレート)−コ−(3−ヒドロキシヘキサノエート)]であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記生分解性(3−ヒドロキシアルカノエート)共重合体(A)の重量平均分子量Mwが30万〜300万であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記[ポリ[(3−ヒドロキシブチレート)−コ−(3−ヒドロキシヘキサノエート)]の繰り返し単位の構成比が、(3−ヒドロキシブチレート)単位/(3−ヒドロキシヘキサノエート)単位=99/1〜80/20(mol/mol)で表されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記アクリル系改質剤(B)とポリ(3−ヒドロキシアルカノエート)(A)との屈折率の差が、0.02以下であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記コア−シェル型グラフト共重合体(C)のコア層が主としてアクリル酸エステルからなり、シェル層が主としてメタクリル酸アルキルエステルからなることを特徴とする、請求項5〜9のいずれか1項記載の樹脂組成物。
- アクリル系改質剤(B)が主としてアクリル酸エステルとメタクリル酸エステルとの共重合体である、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記アクリル系改質剤(B)が主としてアクリル酸ブチルとメタクリル酸メチルとの共重合体からなる、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記生分解性(3−ヒドロキシアルカノエート)共重合体(A)と前記アクリル系改質剤(B)の合計量100重量部に対して、さらに造核剤として、高級脂肪酸アミド、尿素誘導体及びソルビトール系化合物から選択される少なくとも1種を0.1〜10重量部含有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 前記生分解性(3−ヒドロキシアルカノエート)共重合体(A)と前記アクリル系改質剤(B)の合計量100重量部に対して、さらに充填剤を0.1〜100重量部含有することを特徴とする請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の樹脂組成物。
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EP1881035B1 (en) | 2010-09-08 |
CN101171302A (zh) | 2008-04-30 |
JP5183203B2 (ja) | 2013-04-17 |
US7919549B2 (en) | 2011-04-05 |
US20090111921A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
DE602006016779D1 (de) | 2010-10-21 |
EP1881035A4 (en) | 2009-09-02 |
WO2006121011A1 (ja) | 2006-11-16 |
CN101171302B (zh) | 2012-05-09 |
TW200706594A (en) | 2007-02-16 |
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