JPS6255124B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6255124B2 JPS6255124B2 JP51143289A JP14328976A JPS6255124B2 JP S6255124 B2 JPS6255124 B2 JP S6255124B2 JP 51143289 A JP51143289 A JP 51143289A JP 14328976 A JP14328976 A JP 14328976A JP S6255124 B2 JPS6255124 B2 JP S6255124B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- electrochromic
- layer
- polymer
- electro
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940005642 polystyrene sulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 50
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 23
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- OIQPTROHQCGFEF-UHFFFAOYSA-L chembl1371409 Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC1=CC=C2C=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=CC2=C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 OIQPTROHQCGFEF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101001106523 Homo sapiens Regulator of G-protein signaling 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910018828 PO3H2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100021269 Regulator of G-protein signaling 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910006069 SO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003957 anion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940023913 cation exchange resins Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940018489 pronto Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006462 rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L tungstic acid Chemical compound O[W](O)(=O)=O CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001052 yellow pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
- G02F1/1525—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material characterised by a particular ion transporting layer, e.g. electrolyte
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH1544775A CH594263A5 (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00009.png) | 1975-11-29 | 1975-11-29 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5268431A JPS5268431A (en) | 1977-06-07 |
| JPS6255124B2 true JPS6255124B2 (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00009.png) | 1987-11-18 |
Family
ID=4409172
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP51143289A Granted JPS5268431A (en) | 1975-11-29 | 1976-11-29 | Electroooptical device |
Country Status (7)
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20210139718A1 (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-05-13 | South China University Of Technology | Structural colored ink and its preparation and use |
Families Citing this family (95)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU1342576A (en) * | 1975-09-24 | 1977-11-03 | Timex Corp | Electrochromic display |
| US4088395A (en) * | 1976-05-27 | 1978-05-09 | American Cyanamid Company | Paper counter-electrode for electrochromic devices |
| DE2737564C2 (de) * | 1976-09-02 | 1985-05-02 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Kadoma, Osaka | Farbanzeigevorrichtung mit an einer Indikatorelektrode entstehenden Redox-Reaktionsprodukten |
| CH604195A5 (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00009.png) * | 1976-09-14 | 1978-08-31 | Ebauches Sa | |
| US4116545A (en) * | 1976-10-27 | 1978-09-26 | American Cyanamid Company | Polymeric electrolyte for electrochromic display devices |
| US4215917A (en) * | 1976-10-27 | 1980-08-05 | American Cyanamid Company | Ion exchange-electrolyte layer for electrochromic devices |
| AU503856B2 (en) * | 1977-04-27 | 1979-09-20 | Timex Corporation | Electrochromic display |
| CA1077608A (en) * | 1977-10-13 | 1980-05-13 | American Cyanamid Company | Preparation of improved electrochromic devices |
| US4193670A (en) * | 1977-11-08 | 1980-03-18 | American Cyanamid Company | Electrochromic devices having protective interlayers |
| US4170406A (en) * | 1977-11-14 | 1979-10-09 | American Cyanamid Company | Electrochromic devices having protective interlayers |
| US4174152A (en) * | 1978-02-13 | 1979-11-13 | American Cyanamid Company | Electrochromic devices with polymeric electrolytes |
| SU851320A1 (ru) * | 1978-05-16 | 1981-07-30 | Предприятие П/Я Р-6429 | Электрохромный индикатор |
| CH637978A5 (fr) * | 1979-05-03 | 1983-08-31 | Ebauches Sa | Electrolyte polymerique pour dispositif electro-optique. |
| US4335938A (en) * | 1979-08-30 | 1982-06-22 | American Cyanamid Company | Electrochromic cells with improved electrolyte system |
| EP0038165B1 (en) | 1980-04-15 | 1984-07-25 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Electro-optical device and electro-optical light controlling device |
| US4344674A (en) * | 1980-07-18 | 1982-08-17 | American Cyanamid Company | Electrochromic display device with improved erasing characteristic |
| US4361385A (en) * | 1980-10-23 | 1982-11-30 | American Cyanamid Company | Electrochromic device containing acid copolymer electrolyte |
| JPS5821120U (ja) * | 1981-08-04 | 1983-02-09 | 株式会社ニコン | 調光ミラ− |
| US4500174A (en) * | 1983-01-05 | 1985-02-19 | Conner Bruce E | Electrochromic imaging apparatus |
| GB8521753D0 (en) * | 1985-09-02 | 1985-10-09 | Green M | Oxide bronze materials |
| FR2593328B1 (fr) * | 1986-01-20 | 1995-05-24 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Materiaux a conduction protonique, leur procede de preparation et leurs applications |
| US4807977A (en) * | 1986-06-26 | 1989-02-28 | Eltron Research, Inc. | Multi-color electrochromic cells having solid polymer electrolytes and a distinct electrochromic layer |
| US4750817A (en) * | 1986-06-26 | 1988-06-14 | Eltron Research, Inc. | Multi-color electrochromic cells having solid polymer electrolyte layer with organic electrochromic material dissolved therein |
| FR2618567B1 (fr) * | 1987-07-24 | 1989-12-22 | Warszawski Bernard | Dispositifs pour la modulation de la lumiere |
| FR2618570B1 (fr) * | 1987-07-24 | 1990-10-19 | Warszawski Bernard | Procede de modulation de la lumiere |
| FR2618571B1 (fr) * | 1987-07-24 | 1990-10-19 | Warszawski Bernard | Materiau pour la modulation de la lumiere et procedes de fabrication |
| FR2618569B1 (fr) * | 1987-07-24 | 1989-12-22 | Warszawski Bernard | Technique de fabrication d'un dispositif pour la modulation de la lumiere |
| FR2618568B1 (fr) * | 1987-07-24 | 1992-04-17 | Warszawski Bernard | Procede de fabrication d'un dispositif pour la modulation de la lumiere |
| FR2618566B1 (fr) * | 1987-07-24 | 1992-04-17 | Warszawski Bernard | Cellule pour la modulation de la lumiere |
| US5028124A (en) * | 1988-03-07 | 1991-07-02 | Masud Akhtar | Thin film electrochromic displays |
| JP2636004B2 (ja) * | 1988-06-29 | 1997-07-30 | 工業技術院長 | 高分子非線形光学材料 |
| EP0518942A4 (en) * | 1990-03-06 | 1993-10-20 | The Dow Chemical Company | Electrochromic device |
| JPH05505038A (ja) * | 1990-03-06 | 1993-07-29 | ザ ダウ ケミカル カンパニー | シールされたエレクトロクロミックデバイス |
| US5129309A (en) * | 1990-09-17 | 1992-07-14 | Recon/Optical, Inc. | Electro-optic targeting system |
| US5215821A (en) * | 1990-12-26 | 1993-06-01 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Solid-state electrochromic device with proton-conducting polymer electrolyte and Prussian blue counterelectrode |
| US5138481A (en) * | 1991-07-23 | 1992-08-11 | Ford Motor Company | Electrochromic device with color gradient and method of making the device |
| US5370775A (en) * | 1992-04-10 | 1994-12-06 | Sun Active Glass Electrochromics, Inc. | Formation of chemically reduced electrode layers |
| US5327281A (en) * | 1992-04-23 | 1994-07-05 | Eic Laboratories | Solid polymeric electrolytes for electrochromic devices having reduced acidity and high anodic stability |
| US5377039A (en) * | 1993-02-05 | 1994-12-27 | The Dow Chemical Company | Polymeric electrochromic electrodes |
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| US6839158B2 (en) | 1997-08-28 | 2005-01-04 | E Ink Corporation | Encapsulated electrophoretic displays having a monolayer of capsules and materials and methods for making the same |
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| EP1078331A2 (en) | 1998-05-12 | 2001-02-28 | E-Ink Corporation | Microencapsulated electrophoretic electrostatically-addressed media for drawing device applications |
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| JP2002258327A (ja) * | 2000-12-27 | 2002-09-11 | Sony Corp | エレクトロクロミック表示素子及びエレクトロデポジション型表示素子 |
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| US20050156340A1 (en) | 2004-01-20 | 2005-07-21 | E Ink Corporation | Preparation of capsules |
| US6580545B2 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2003-06-17 | E Ink Corporation | Electrochromic-nanoparticle displays |
| WO2003050607A1 (en) | 2001-12-13 | 2003-06-19 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic electronic displays with films having a low index of refraction |
| US6950220B2 (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2005-09-27 | E Ink Corporation | Electro-optic displays, and methods for driving same |
| US7312916B2 (en) | 2002-08-07 | 2007-12-25 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic media containing specularly reflective particles |
| US20130063333A1 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2013-03-14 | E Ink Corporation | Electrophoretic displays |
| US11250794B2 (en) | 2004-07-27 | 2022-02-15 | E Ink Corporation | Methods for driving electrophoretic displays using dielectrophoretic forces |
| TWI484275B (zh) | 2010-05-21 | 2015-05-11 | E Ink Corp | 光電顯示器及其驅動方法、微型空腔電泳顯示器 |
| US11156891B1 (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2021-10-26 | University Of South Florida | Multicolor, single active layer electrochromic devices |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3245935A (en) * | 1961-07-18 | 1966-04-12 | Du Pont | Process for preparing aqueous dispersions of chlorosulfonated polyethylene |
| US3336271A (en) * | 1965-01-04 | 1967-08-15 | Dow Chemical Co | Sulfonation process |
| US3396136A (en) * | 1965-06-14 | 1968-08-06 | Dow Chemical Co | Copolymers of alkenyl aromatic sulfonic acids with unsaturated monomers and their use as thickeners for non-polar solvents |
| GR32671B (el) * | 1966-02-25 | 1967-08-02 | American Cyanamid Company | Ηλεκτρο - οπτικαι συσκευαι. |
| US3521941A (en) * | 1967-02-07 | 1970-07-28 | American Cyanamid Co | Electro-optical device having variable optical density |
| US3774988A (en) * | 1969-09-02 | 1973-11-27 | Polaroid Corp | Variable light-filtering device |
| US3684747A (en) * | 1970-04-22 | 1972-08-15 | Du Pont | Method for increasing the liquid absorptive capacity of linear fluorocarbon sulfonic acid polymer |
| US3708220A (en) * | 1970-05-25 | 1973-01-02 | American Cyanamid Co | High conductivity electrolyte gel materials |
| BR7102593D0 (pt) * | 1970-05-25 | 1973-06-14 | American Cyanamid Co | Dispositivo aperfeicoado de transmissao variavel de luz |
| US3712710A (en) * | 1970-12-21 | 1973-01-23 | American Cyanamid Co | Solid state electrochromic mirror |
| GB1380078A (en) * | 1971-01-12 | 1975-01-08 | American Cyanamid Co | Light modulating device containing electrochromic material |
| CA958476A (en) * | 1971-01-12 | 1974-11-26 | Donald J. Berets | Electrochromic information displays |
| US3829196A (en) * | 1971-01-27 | 1974-08-13 | American Cyanamid Co | Variable light transmission device |
| US3704057A (en) * | 1971-06-02 | 1972-11-28 | American Cyanamid Co | Electrochromic device having identical display and counter electrode materials |
| US3827784A (en) * | 1971-12-09 | 1974-08-06 | American Cyanamid Co | Simple, bonded graphite counter electrode for electrochromic devices |
| US3879108A (en) * | 1971-12-23 | 1975-04-22 | American Cyanamid Co | Electrochromic devices |
| US3819252A (en) * | 1972-12-21 | 1974-06-25 | American Cyanamid Co | Additives that increase the stability of electrochromic films in electrochromic devices |
| GB1407133A (en) * | 1973-03-16 | 1975-09-24 | Ici Ltd | Devices |
| NL167774C (nl) * | 1973-05-04 | 1982-01-18 | Philips Nv | Beeldweergeefcel, alsmede werkwijze voor de bereiding van verbindingen, welke toegepast kunnen worden in deze beeldweergeefcel. |
| US3840288A (en) * | 1973-07-30 | 1974-10-08 | Optel Corp | Electrochromic display having electro-catalyst |
| CH573155A5 (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00009.png) | 1974-06-12 | 1976-02-27 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | |
| AU1342576A (en) * | 1975-09-24 | 1977-11-03 | Timex Corp | Electrochromic display |
| US4088395A (en) * | 1976-05-27 | 1978-05-09 | American Cyanamid Company | Paper counter-electrode for electrochromic devices |
-
1975
- 1975-11-29 CH CH1544775A patent/CH594263A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1976
- 1976-01-28 DE DE2603200A patent/DE2603200C3/de not_active Expired
- 1976-11-18 FR FR7634729A patent/FR2333266A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-11-23 GB GB48722/76A patent/GB1566110A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-11-29 JP JP51143289A patent/JPS5268431A/ja active Granted
- 1976-11-29 NL NL7613290A patent/NL7613290A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1978
- 1978-09-27 US US05/946,147 patent/US4231641A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20210139718A1 (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-05-13 | South China University Of Technology | Structural colored ink and its preparation and use |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2333266B1 (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00009.png) | 1982-02-12 |
| CH594263A5 (US20030220297A1-20031127-C00009.png) | 1977-12-30 |
| NL7613290A (nl) | 1977-06-01 |
| DE2603200B2 (de) | 1981-07-16 |
| GB1566110A (en) | 1980-04-30 |
| JPS5268431A (en) | 1977-06-07 |
| FR2333266A1 (fr) | 1977-06-24 |
| US4231641A (en) | 1980-11-04 |
| DE2603200C3 (de) | 1982-03-11 |
| DE2603200A1 (de) | 1976-08-05 |
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