JPH08503457A - インデニル化合物及びオレフィンの重合のための触媒成分 - Google Patents
インデニル化合物及びオレフィンの重合のための触媒成分Info
- Publication number
- JPH08503457A JPH08503457A JP6511943A JP51194394A JPH08503457A JP H08503457 A JPH08503457 A JP H08503457A JP 6511943 A JP6511943 A JP 6511943A JP 51194394 A JP51194394 A JP 51194394A JP H08503457 A JPH08503457 A JP H08503457A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- indenyl
- ethylene
- polymerization
- ind
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 125000003454 indenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title description 74
- -1 indenyl compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 46
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr]Cl VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylene hexane Natural products CCCCCC=C ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JENGVZIKIILCCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].[Cl-].CC=1C(C2=CC=CC=C2C1C)[Zr+2] Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].CC=1C(C2=CC=CC=C2C1C)[Zr+2] JENGVZIKIILCCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000219 ethylidene group Chemical group [H]C(=[*])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GGQQNYXPYWCUHG-RMTFUQJTSA-N (3e,6e)-deca-3,6-diene Chemical compound CCC\C=C\C\C=C\CC GGQQNYXPYWCUHG-RMTFUQJTSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003114 inden-1-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])(*)C2=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C12 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004125 inden-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(*)C([H])([H])C2=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C12 0.000 claims 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Natural products CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 71
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 59
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 44
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 43
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 36
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 20
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229960004132 diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 17
- CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(oxo)alumane Chemical compound C[Al]=O CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 17
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 15
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 14
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 10
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- LBJNMUFDOHXDFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu].[Cu] LBJNMUFDOHXDFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UMJJFEIKYGFCAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N indan-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC(=O)CC2=C1 UMJJFEIKYGFCAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 7
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- LRTOHSLOFCWHRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)C=CC2=C1 LRTOHSLOFCWHRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SCVJRXQHFJXZFZ-KVQBGUIXSA-N 2-amino-9-[(2r,4s,5r)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-3h-purine-6-thione Chemical compound C1=2NC(N)=NC(=S)C=2N=CN1[C@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 SCVJRXQHFJXZFZ-KVQBGUIXSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BGGKSZPSSRGVTP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-methyl-1h-inden-1-ide;zirconium(4+);dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zr+4].C1=CC=C2[CH-]C(C)=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2[CH-]C(C)=CC2=C1 BGGKSZPSSRGVTP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- RTESDSDXFLYAKZ-IUCAKERBSA-N (1s,2s)-2-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1h-inden-1-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2[C@H](O)[C@@H](Br)CC2=C1 RTESDSDXFLYAKZ-IUCAKERBSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MRNOGRFKOQUFBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCCC)C=CC2=C1 MRNOGRFKOQUFBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IEKPDJDYFASRFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC)C=CC2=C1 IEKPDJDYFASRFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCSTVQHPSLFIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzylsulfanyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C=1C2=CC=CC=C2CC=1SCC1=CC=CC=C1 HCSTVQHPSLFIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BSHJHVHMLRKHBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC(CC)=CC2=C1 BSHJHVHMLRKHBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SIXAUHKZSLPCGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfanyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC(SC)=CC2=C1 SIXAUHKZSLPCGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MMOMODBPIOGZJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylsulfanyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C=1C2=CC=CC=C2CC=1SC1=CC=CC=C1 MMOMODBPIOGZJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910007928 ZrCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophenol Chemical compound SC1=CC=CC=C1 RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N (4e)-hexa-1,4-diene Chemical compound C\C=C\CC=C PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N 0.000 description 2
- MPPPKRYCTPRNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromobutane Chemical compound CCCCBr MPPPKRYCTPRNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UXQAEOWCSOPBLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3-tetramethyloctane Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)(C)C(C)(C)C UXQAEOWCSOPBLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=C SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZEGKXPSKGBUEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(hydroxymethylidene)-3h-inden-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(=CO)CC2=C1 TZEGKXPSKGBUEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CCUYEVNCRQDQRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC(Br)=CC2=C1 CCUYEVNCRQDQRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RLFBCEPAILSHTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC(CCCC)=CC2=C1 RLFBCEPAILSHTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYCYRODOJZZCIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylsulfanyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC(SCCCC)=CC2=C1 RYCYRODOJZZCIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YSAXEHWHSLANOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC(C)=CC2=C1 YSAXEHWHSLANOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000723368 Conium Species 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000583193 Geraldus Species 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-bromosuccinimide Chemical compound BrN1C(=O)CCC1=O PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical class [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OGCOZCIVPGDDEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].[Cl-].C1=CC=C2C(CC)C([Zr+2]C=3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C=3)CC)=CC2=C1 Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].C1=CC=C2C(CC)C([Zr+2]C=3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C=3)CC)=CC2=C1 OGCOZCIVPGDDEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QVEUUUVTNUVLAB-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].[Cl-].C1=CC=C2C(CCCC)C([Zr+2]C=3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C=3)CCCC)=CC2=C1 Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].C1=CC=C2C(CCCC)C([Zr+2]C=3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C=3)CCCC)=CC2=C1 QVEUUUVTNUVLAB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Natural products CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/16—Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F17/00—Metallocenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F10/02—Ethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F110/02—Ethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/639—Component covered by group C08F4/62 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/63912—Component covered by group C08F4/62 containing a transition metal-carbon bond in combination with an organoaluminium compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/639—Component covered by group C08F4/62 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/6392—Component covered by group C08F4/62 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
- C08F4/63922—Component covered by group C08F4/62 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S526/943—Polymerization with metallocene catalysts
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Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.一般式: R′Ind−M−(Cp)Qk (1) [式中、 Indはインデニル基、 R′はIndに対する水素以外の置換基、 Cpはシクロペンタジエニル基、 Mは元素の周期系の第3,4,5又は6族の遷移金属、 QはMに対するリガンドを表しかつ kはMの原子価に結合した整数である]で示されるインデニル化合物において 、R′が2位でInd基に結合されていることを特徴とする、但しCp基がイン デニル基であり、かつ a)Ind基及びCp基がそれぞれ1位を介して橋状結合されている、又は b)インデニル化合物がビス(2,3−ジメチル−1−インデニル)ジルコニ ウムジクロリドである、又は c)インデニル化合物がエチレン−1−(3−ブテ−3−エニル)インデン− 1−イル)−2−((1−ブテ−3−エニル)−インデン−1−イル)−ジルコ ニウムジクロリド、もしくはエチレン−1−((3−アリルジメチルシリル)イ ンデン−1−イ ル)−2−((1−アリルジメチルシリル)インデン−2−イル)ジルコニウム ジクロリドである のいずれかである化合物を除くインデニル化合物。 2.R′がアルキル基である、請求項1記載のインデニル化合物。 3.アルキル基が1〜4個の炭素原子を有する、請求項2記載のインデニル化合 物。 4.Cp基が式: R″ Ind [式中、R″はInd基の2位の水素以外の置換基である]を有する2−イン デニル基である、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項記載のインデニル化合物。 5.R″がアルキル基である、請求項4記載のインデニル化合物。 6.R″が1〜4個の炭素原子を有する、請求項5記載のインデニル化合物。 7.式(1)においてR′がInd基とCp基の間の橋を形成する、請求項1記 載のインデニル化合物。 8.インデニル化合物が、式: [上記式中、Rは両者の2−Ind基に結合されている]を有する、請求項7 記載のインデニル化合物。 9.Rがメチリデン基、エチリデン基又は元素の周期系の第14,15又は16 族からなる複素原子の少なくとも1つを有する基から選択される、請求項8記載 のインデニル化合物。 10.複素原子が珪素、窒素、燐、酸素及び硫黄からなる群から選択される、請求 項9記載のインデニル化合物。 11.請求項1から10までのいずれか1項記載の2−インデニル化合物からなる オレフィンを重合させるための触媒成分。 12.インデニル化合物を、場合により共触媒の存在下に、オレフィンと接触させ ることによりオレフィンを重合させる方法において、インデニル化合物が請求項 1から10までのいずれか1項記載の2−インデニル化合物であることを特徴と する、オレフィンの重合法。 13.オレフィンがα−オレフィン、内部オレフィン、ジオレフィン及びそれらの 混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項12記載の方法。 14.α−オレフィンがエチレン、プロピレン、ブテン、ペンテン、ヘプテン、オ クテン又はそれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、請求項13記載の方 法。 15.ポリマーをエチレン及び/又はプロピレンをベースとして製造する、請求項 12から14までのいずれか1項記載の方法。 16.ゴム状ポリマーをエチレン及び/又はプロピレン及び場合によりジエンをベ ースとして製造する、請求項15項記載の方法。 17.請求項12から16までのいずれか1項記載の方法により得られるポリレフ ィン。 18.請求項12から16までのいずれか1項記載の方法により得られ、かつポリ マー中のα−オレフィン転化率0〜5%を有する、エチレン、α−オレフィン及 び場合によりジエンからなるゴム状ポリマー。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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NL9201970 | 1992-11-11 | ||
NL9201970A NL9201970A (nl) | 1992-11-11 | 1992-11-11 | Indenylverbindingen en katalysatorcomponenten voor de polymerisatie van olefinen. |
PCT/NL1993/000229 WO1994011406A1 (en) | 1992-11-11 | 1993-11-03 | Indenyl compounds and catalyst components for the polymerization of olefins |
Publications (2)
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JPH08503457A true JPH08503457A (ja) | 1996-04-16 |
JP3419456B2 JP3419456B2 (ja) | 2003-06-23 |
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JP51194394A Expired - Fee Related JP3419456B2 (ja) | 1992-11-11 | 1993-11-03 | インデニル化合物及びオレフィンの重合のための触媒成分 |
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US (2) | US5646322A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0668865B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3419456B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1088212A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU677026B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR9307420A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2149026A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69333114T2 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2203621T3 (ja) |
FI (1) | FI114798B (ja) |
MY (1) | MY130143A (ja) |
NL (1) | NL9201970A (ja) |
NO (1) | NO306782B1 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2128183C1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1994011406A1 (ja) |
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KR930002411B1 (ko) * | 1988-09-14 | 1993-03-30 | 미쓰이세끼유 가가꾸고오교오 가부시끼가이샤 | 벤젠불용성 유기알루미늄 옥시화합물 및 그 제조방법 |
DE3840772A1 (de) * | 1988-12-03 | 1990-06-07 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung einer heterogenen metallocenkatalysatorkomponente |
AU6158390A (en) * | 1989-08-03 | 1991-03-11 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Very high molecular weight polyethylene |
US5191042A (en) * | 1989-09-06 | 1993-03-02 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for preparing alpha-olefin copolymers having a narrow MWD and broad compositional distribution |
ATE137770T1 (de) * | 1989-10-10 | 1996-05-15 | Fina Technology | Metallocenkatalysator mit lewissäure und alkylaluminium |
US5098635A (en) * | 1989-11-09 | 1992-03-24 | Copolymer Rubber & Chemical Corporation | Process for manufacturing friable rubber bales |
KR927003652A (ko) * | 1990-01-02 | 1992-12-18 | 엑손 케미칼 패턴츠 인코포레이티드 | 올레핀 중합을 위한 지지된 이온성 메탈로센 촉매 |
JP3115595B2 (ja) * | 1990-07-24 | 2000-12-11 | 三井化学株式会社 | α―オレフィンの重合触媒及びそれを用いたポリ―α―オレフィンの製造方法 |
ES2090209T3 (es) * | 1990-11-12 | 1996-10-16 | Hoechst Ag | Metalocenos con ligandos basados en derivados de indenilo sustituidos en posicion 2, procedimiento para su preparacion y su empleo como catalizadores. |
EP0485823B1 (de) * | 1990-11-12 | 1995-03-08 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | 2-Substituierte Bisindenylmetallocene, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Katalysatoren bei der Olefinpolymerisation |
DE4039451A1 (de) * | 1990-12-11 | 1992-06-17 | Hoechst Ag | Metallocene mit bicyclischen cyclopentadienderivaten als liganden, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung als katalysatoren |
ATE136040T1 (de) * | 1991-05-27 | 1996-04-15 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von polyolefinen mit breiter molmassenverteilung |
US5391789A (en) * | 1991-08-08 | 1995-02-21 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Bridged, chiral metallocenes, processes for their preparation and their use as catalysts |
DE4139261A1 (de) * | 1991-11-29 | 1993-06-03 | Basf Ag | Ethylen-copolymerisate niederer dichte |
ATE150037T1 (de) * | 1992-05-26 | 1997-03-15 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von polyolefinwachsen |
EP0582194B1 (de) * | 1992-08-03 | 1998-05-06 | TARGOR GmbH | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Olefinpolymers unter Verwendung von Metallocenen mit speziell substituierten Indenylliganden |
NL9201970A (nl) * | 1992-11-11 | 1994-06-01 | Dsm Nv | Indenylverbindingen en katalysatorcomponenten voor de polymerisatie van olefinen. |
US5372980A (en) * | 1993-06-03 | 1994-12-13 | Polysar | Bimetallic metallocene alumoxane catalyst system and its use in the preparation of ethylene-alpha olefin and ethylene-alpha olefin-non-conjugated diolefin elastomers |
DE4344688A1 (de) * | 1993-12-27 | 1995-06-29 | Hoechst Ag | Metallocenverbindung |
DE4344689A1 (de) * | 1993-12-27 | 1995-06-29 | Hoechst Ag | Metallocenverbindung |
-
1992
- 1992-11-11 NL NL9201970A patent/NL9201970A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1993
- 1993-11-03 AU AU55774/94A patent/AU677026B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-03 BR BR9307420-4A patent/BR9307420A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-11-03 ES ES94901064T patent/ES2203621T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-03 CA CA002149026A patent/CA2149026A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-11-03 WO PCT/NL1993/000229 patent/WO1994011406A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1993-11-03 JP JP51194394A patent/JP3419456B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-03 RU RU95112455A patent/RU2128183C1/ru active
- 1993-11-03 EP EP94901064A patent/EP0668865B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-03 DE DE69333114T patent/DE69333114T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-10 CN CN93112942A patent/CN1088212A/zh active Pending
- 1993-11-10 MY MYPI93002351A patent/MY130143A/en unknown
-
1995
- 1995-05-10 NO NO951848A patent/NO306782B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-10 FI FI952266A patent/FI114798B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-11 US US08/439,449 patent/US5646322A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-03-10 US US08/812,675 patent/US5990253A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001026598A (ja) * | 1999-06-11 | 2001-01-30 | Dsm Nv | インデニル化合物、その配位子前駆物質、配位子前駆物質の製造法およびオレフィンの重合法 |
JP4607289B2 (ja) * | 1999-06-11 | 2011-01-05 | サウディ ベーシック インダストリーズ コーポレイション | インデニル化合物、その配位子前駆物質、配位子前駆物質の製造法およびオレフィンの重合法 |
JP2005256002A (ja) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-09-22 | Saudi Basic Industries Corp | オレフィン重合のための触媒組成物およびそれを用いた重合プロセス |
JP2015505846A (ja) * | 2011-12-19 | 2015-02-26 | サウディ ベーシック インダストリーズ コーポレイション | メタロセン錯体を調製するプロセス |
JP2015506916A (ja) * | 2011-12-19 | 2015-03-05 | サウディ ベーシック インダストリーズ コーポレイション | メタロセン錯体を調製するプロセス |
JP2016514767A (ja) * | 2013-04-08 | 2016-05-23 | ハンワ ケミカル コーポレイション | 帯電防止剤を含むメタロセン触媒システムおよびこれを用いたポリオレフィンの製造方法 |
JP2017505374A (ja) * | 2014-02-11 | 2017-02-16 | ユニベーション・テクノロジーズ・エルエルシー | ポリエチレンの生成方法及びそのポリエチレン |
JP2017507017A (ja) * | 2014-02-11 | 2017-03-16 | ユニベーション・テクノロジーズ・エルエルシー | ポリオレフィン生成物の生成 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI952266A (fi) | 1995-05-10 |
BR9307420A (pt) | 1999-08-31 |
FI952266A0 (fi) | 1995-05-10 |
AU677026B2 (en) | 1997-04-10 |
CN1088212A (zh) | 1994-06-22 |
DE69333114T2 (de) | 2004-06-24 |
NO306782B1 (no) | 1999-12-20 |
DE69333114D1 (de) | 2003-08-28 |
MY130143A (en) | 2007-06-29 |
CA2149026A1 (en) | 1994-05-26 |
US5646322A (en) | 1997-07-08 |
NL9201970A (nl) | 1994-06-01 |
EP0668865B1 (en) | 2003-07-23 |
FI114798B (fi) | 2004-12-31 |
WO1994011406A1 (en) | 1994-05-26 |
RU95112455A (ru) | 1997-03-20 |
JP3419456B2 (ja) | 2003-06-23 |
AU5577494A (en) | 1994-06-08 |
US5990253A (en) | 1999-11-23 |
NO951848D0 (no) | 1995-05-10 |
ES2203621T3 (es) | 2004-04-16 |
RU2128183C1 (ru) | 1999-03-27 |
NO951848L (no) | 1995-07-11 |
EP0668865A1 (en) | 1995-08-30 |
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