JPH0580657B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0580657B2 JPH0580657B2 JP59110945A JP11094584A JPH0580657B2 JP H0580657 B2 JPH0580657 B2 JP H0580657B2 JP 59110945 A JP59110945 A JP 59110945A JP 11094584 A JP11094584 A JP 11094584A JP H0580657 B2 JPH0580657 B2 JP H0580657B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- acid
- formula
- solution
- processing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 65
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 38
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 25
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 23
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 20
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 19
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 14
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 9
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 8
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- SVSARCCKBMZNMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-[2-[methyl-[2-[4-(oxoazaniumylmethylidene)pyridin-1-yl]ethyl]amino]ethyl]pyridin-4-ylidene]methyl-oxoazanium;dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].C1=CC(=C[NH+]=O)C=CN1CCN(C)CCN1C=CC(=C[NH+]=O)C=C1 SVSARCCKBMZNMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 125000000565 sulfonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- IXQGCWUGDFDQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-Hydroxyethylbenzene Natural products CCC1=CC=CC=C1O IXQGCWUGDFDQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JYXGIOKAKDAARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(2-hydroxyethyl)iminodiacetic acid Chemical compound OCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O JYXGIOKAKDAARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nitrilotris(methylene)]trisphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004397 aminosulfonyl group Chemical group NS(=O)(=O)* 0.000 description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- FZERHIULMFGESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenecarboxanilide Natural products CC(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 FZERHIULMFGESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 3
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000006569 (C5-C6) heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JZODKRWQWUWGCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-di-tert-butylbenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(O)=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1O JZODKRWQWUWGCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNCSCQSQSGDGES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]propyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)C(C)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O XNCSCQSQSGDGES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RNMCCPMYXUKHAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3,3-diamino-1,2,2-tris(carboxymethyl)cyclohexyl]acetic acid Chemical compound NC1(N)CCCC(CC(O)=O)(CC(O)=O)C1(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O RNMCCPMYXUKHAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XWSGEVNYFYKXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[carboxymethyl(methyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(C)CC(O)=O XWSGEVNYFYKXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AQFJPHAVWFBQQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[carboxymethyl(propyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound CCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O AQFJPHAVWFBQQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWYJDIUEHHCHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[2-[bis(2-carboxyethyl)amino]ethyl-(2-carboxyethyl)amino]propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCN(CCC(O)=O)CCN(CCC(O)=O)CCC(O)=O KWYJDIUEHHCHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HVBSAKJJOYLTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 HVBSAKJJOYLTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CNGYZEMWVAWWOB-VAWYXSNFSA-N 5-[[4-anilino-6-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]-2-[(e)-2-[4-[[4-anilino-6-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]amino]-2-sulfophenyl]ethenyl]benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound N=1C(NC=2C=C(C(\C=C\C=3C(=CC(NC=4N=C(N=C(NC=5C=CC=CC=5)N=4)N(CCO)CCO)=CC=3)S(O)(=O)=O)=CC=2)S(O)(=O)=O)=NC(N(CCO)CCO)=NC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 CNGYZEMWVAWWOB-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXRKCOCTEMYUEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-aminoisoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound NC1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 PXRKCOCTEMYUEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical class N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diammonium sulfite Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])=O PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001413 acetanilide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LRSAWRZHGQQHBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;benzene-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.NC1=CC=CC=C1N LRSAWRZHGQQHBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004422 alkyl sulphonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiosulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-2-ol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 LLEMOWNGBBNAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- DHNRXBZYEKSXIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethylisothiazolinone Chemical compound CN1SC(Cl)=CC1=O DHNRXBZYEKSXIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- NFDRPXJGHKJRLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N edtmp Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CCN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O NFDRPXJGHKJRLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCOCCOCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminodiacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCC(O)=O NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JPMIIZHYYWMHDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N octhilinone Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN1SC=CC1=O JPMIIZHYYWMHDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004989 p-phenylenediamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000006678 phenoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])=O BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019252 potassium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 2
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZRHUHDUEXWHZMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dihydropyrazol-5-one Chemical class O=C1CC=NN1 ZRHUHDUEXWHZMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical group NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KAMCBFNNGGVPPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(ethenylsulfonylmethoxymethylsulfonyl)ethene Chemical compound C=CS(=O)(=O)COCS(=O)(=O)C=C KAMCBFNNGGVPPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOSFMYBATFLTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-amino-3-(benzimidazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(CC(O)CN)C=NC2=C1 AOSFMYBATFLTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOXPXLFVWVZCIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxy-1-phosphonopropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)C(O)(C(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O BOXPXLFVWVZCIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNOVBLHBCHOXKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C=CC(O)=C1C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C WNOVBLHBCHOXKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt (1:1), (2E,4E)- Chemical compound [K+].CC=CC=CC([O-])=O CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VOQFZENYFWLTBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-ditert-butyl-6-(5-chloro-2H-benzotriazol-4-yl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)c1cc(c(O)c(c1)C(C)(C)C)-c1c(Cl)ccc2[nH]nnc12 VOQFZENYFWLTBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHPPDQUVECZQSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-ditert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1O LHPPDQUVECZQSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXHVQMGINBSVAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1 WXHVQMGINBSVAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LMSDCGXQALIMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid;iron Chemical compound [Fe].OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O LMSDCGXQALIMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYMDDFRYORANCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]-2-hydroxypropyl]-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O WYMDDFRYORANCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- GODCLGCOHHTLHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-diphosphonopropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O GODCLGCOHHTLHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMNKTRSOROOSPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-Ethylphenol Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 HMNKTRSOROOSPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XRZDIHADHZSFBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-oxo-n,3-diphenylpropanamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XRZDIHADHZSFBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNBNBTIDJSKEAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[7-hydroxy-2-[5-[5-[6-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dimethyloxan-2-yl]-3-methyloxolan-2-yl]-5-methyloxolan-2-yl]-2,8-dimethyl-1,10-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-9-yl]-2-methyl-3-propanoyloxypentanoic acid Chemical compound C1C(O)C(C)C(C(C)C(OC(=O)CC)C(C)C(O)=O)OC11OC(C)(C2OC(C)(CC2)C2C(CC(O2)C2C(CC(C)C(O)(CO)O2)C)C)CC1 ZNBNBTIDJSKEAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002373 5 membered heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940100484 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YJIUQVPMLSGDMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethyl-2-nitrophenol Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(O)=C1 YJIUQVPMLSGDMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004070 6 membered heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JBHATHMMJOCRQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-dodecoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-7-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)-3,4-dihydrochromene Chemical compound CC1CC(C)(C)OC2=C1C=C(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=C2 JBHATHMMJOCRQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzamide Chemical group NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QFOHBWFCKVYLES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylparaben Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QFOHBWFCKVYLES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXAXVMUWHZHZMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chymopapain Chemical compound OC1=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C1O XXAXVMUWHZHZMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004287 Dehydroacetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940120146 EDTMP Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FSVCELGFZIQNCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CC(O)=O FSVCELGFZIQNCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJOOOZPMQAWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].BrCl Chemical compound [Ag].BrCl SJOOOZPMQAWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003668 acetyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(=O)O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004442 acylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004457 alkyl amino carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004471 alkyl aminosulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005196 alkyl carbonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005431 alkyl carboxamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005336 allyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bromide Chemical compound [NH4+].[Br-] SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiocyanate Chemical compound [NH4+].[S-]C#N SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005199 aryl carbonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UZMZVDOOVXLRID-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidyne-(nitrosulfonylamino)methane Chemical group [O-][N+](=O)S(=O)(=O)NC#N UZMZVDOOVXLRID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIAUJDCQDVWHEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2-disulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O MIAUJDCQDVWHEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHBQMWCZKVMBLN-IDEBNGHGSA-N benzenesulfonamide Chemical group NS(=O)(=O)[13C]1=[13CH][13CH]=[13CH][13CH]=[13CH]1 KHBQMWCZKVMBLN-IDEBNGHGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000001231 benzoyloxy group Chemical group C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O* 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- OCWYEMOEOGEQAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bumetrizole Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(N2N=C3C=C(Cl)C=CC3=N2)=C1O OCWYEMOEOGEQAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNSISZSEWVHGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanamide Chemical compound CCCC(N)=O DNSISZSEWVHGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVIZSQRQYWEGON-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1-sulfonamide Chemical compound CCCCS(N)(=O)=O OVIZSQRQYWEGON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005521 carbonamide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940061632 dehydroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019258 dehydroacetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JEQRBTDTEKWZBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dehydroacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=C(O)OC(C)=CC1=O JEQRBTDTEKWZBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGRHXDWITVMQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dehydroacetic acid Natural products CC(=O)C1C(=O)OC(C)=CC1=O PGRHXDWITVMQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940090960 diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XQRLCLUYWUNEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)OP(O)=O XQRLCLUYWUNEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGRVOLIFQGXPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;dioxido-oxo-sulfanylidene-$l^{6}-sulfane Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S FGRVOLIFQGXPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCAXGMRPPOMODZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfurous acid, diammonium salt Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O PCAXGMRPPOMODZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dtpmp Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CCN(CP(O)(=O)O)CCN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003754 ethoxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000834 fixative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000378 hydroxylammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- HNQIVZYLYMDVSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonimidic acid Chemical compound CS(N)(=O)=O HNQIVZYLYMDVSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000010292 orthophenyl phenol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004306 orthophenyl phenol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005740 oxycarbonyl group Chemical group [*:1]OC([*:2])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000006179 pH buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004986 phenylenediamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RWPGFSMJFRPDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium metabisulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O RWPGFSMJFRPDDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940043349 potassium metabisulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010263 potassium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010241 potassium sorbate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004302 potassium sorbate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940069338 potassium sorbate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940116357 potassium thiocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940001584 sodium metabisulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005156 substituted alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950000244 sulfanilic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004149 thio group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003567 thiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004764 thiosulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LMYRWZFENFIFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonamide Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 LMYRWZFENFIFIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical class CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012463 white pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C7/00—Multicolour photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents; Photosensitive materials for multicolour processes
- G03C7/30—Colour processes using colour-coupling substances; Materials therefor; Preparing or processing such materials
- G03C7/3046—Processing baths not provided for elsewhere, e.g. final or intermediate washings
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Description
ãç£æ¥äžã®å©çšåéã
æ¬çºæã¯ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå
ææã®åŠ
çæ¹æ³ã«é¢ããããã«è©³ããã¯å ¬å®³è² è·ãå°ãª
ããæŒçœæ¶²åã¯æŒçœå®ç液äžã§ã®è²ã¹ãã€ã³ãå°
ãªãããã€å®è³ªçã«æ°ŽæŽåŠçå·¥çšãæãã¬ããã²
ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ã«é¢ããã
ã®ã§ããã ãåŸæ¥ã®æè¡ã äžè¬ã«ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã¯ç»å
é²å ã®åŸãçºè²çŸåå·¥çšãšè±éå·¥çšãšãåºæ¬å·¥çš
ãšããäžé£ã®åçåŠçã«ããè²çŽ ç»åã圢æã
ãã äžèšã®çºè²çŸåå·¥çšã§ã¯ãçºè²çŸåäž»è¬ã®é žå
äœãå ±åããã«ã©ãŒã«ãã©ãŒãšã«ãããªã³ã°åå¿
ããããšã«ãã€ãŠç»åé²å ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããè²çŽ ç»åã
圢æããåæã«éå éãçæããããããã«çæ
ãããéã¯ãåŒç¶ãè±éå·¥çšã«ãããŠæŒçœå€ã«ã
ãé žåãããå®çå€ã®äœçšãåããŠå¯æº¶æ§ã®éé¯
äœã«å€åã溶解é€å»ãããæ°ŽæŽã«ãã€ãŠæž æµåã
ãããå®éã®çŸååŠçå·¥çšã§ã¯ãäžèšã®çºè²çŸå
åã³è±éãç®çãšããåºæ¬çãªå·¥çšã®ã»ãã«åæ¢
济ãé»çœçŸå济ãã«ããªæµŽã硬è济ãå®å®æµŽãè£
å济ããããã³ã°é€å»æµŽçã®è£å©çãªåŠç济ãèš
ããŠããã äžæ¹ãè¿å¹Žã¯åŠçã®è¿ éåãç°¡æåãèªåçŸå
æ©ã®ã³ã³ãã¯ãåçã®ããã«ãçºè²çŸåã«çŽçµã
ãŠæŒçœåã¯æŒçœå®çåŠçããåŸåã«ãããããã
ã«ãçºè²çŸåã®åŸãçŽçµããŠæŒçœåã¯æŒçœå®çåŠ
çãããšãçºè²çŸåäž»è¬ã«èµ·å ããè²ã¹ãã€ã³ã
æŒçœæ¶²åã¯æŒçœå®ç液äžã§çããæ¬ ç¹ãæããŠã
ãããã®ãããç¹éæ50â136031å·ãå51â
102640å·åã³ç¹å ¬æ54â12222å·åå ¬å ±ã«èšèŒã
ããŠãããåŠãã¢ãã³ç³»ååç©ãã¡ã«ã«ããç³»å
åç©ãæŒçœæ¶²åã¯æŒçœå®ç液ã«æ·»å ããããšã«ã
ããè²ã¹ãã€ã³ãæ¹è¯ããããšãç¥ãããŠãã
ããè¿å¹Žã®é«æž©è¿ éåŠççã®é«æŽ»æ§ãªåŠçã«å¯Ÿã
ãŠã¯ããã®å¹æã¯æªã å åãªãã®ãšã¯ãããªãã®
ãå®æ ã§ãããç¹ã«æŒçœå€ãšããŠãå ¬å®³äžŠã³ã«çµ
æžççç±ããè¿å¹Žäžè¬çã«ããçšããããŠããŠã
ãææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯äœãçšããé«æž©åŠçã®å Žåã«
ã¯ããã®è²ã¹ãã€ã³ã®çºçã¯ãããèããããã
倧ããªåé¡ãšãªãã€ã€ããã ãŸããè¿å¹Žæ°Žè³æºã®äžè¶³ãäžæ°Žéæéããã³å
ç±è²»ã®é«éš°çã®çµæžççç±ã䞊ã³ã«å ¬å®³ççç±ã
ããæ°ŽæŽæ°Žéãæžå°ãããã€å ¬å®³å¯Ÿçããšã€ãåŠ
çå·¥çšãæãŸããŠããã åŸæ¥ããããã®å¯ŸçãšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°æ°ŽæŽæ§œã
å€æ®µæ§æã«ããŠæ°Žãåæµãããæ¹æ³ã西ç¬ç¹èš±ç¬¬
2920222å·ããã³ãšã¹ã»ã¢ãŒã«ã»ãŽãŒã«ããããµ
ãŒïŒS.R.GoldwasserïŒïŒããŠãªãŒã¿ã»ãããŒã»ã¬
ã€ãã»ã€ã³ã»ã€ããŒãžãšã³ãŠãªãã·ã³ã°ãªãã»ã¢
ãŒã·ãšã³ãã¯ãã€ãŒã»ãã€ã«ã ïŒWater Flow
Rate in ImmersionâWashing of
Motionpicture FilmïŒãSMPTE.Vol.64ïŒ248ã
253é ãMayïŒïŒ1955ïŒçã«èšèŒãããŠããã ãŸãå®çèœãæããåŠç济ã®ããåŸã«äºåæ°ŽæŽ
ãèšããããã²ã³åéåçæå ææã«å«æãã
ããä»çããŠæ°ŽæŽå·¥çšäžã«å ¥ãå ¬å®³æåãæžå°ã
ãããã€æ°ŽæŽæ°Žéãæžå°ãããåŠçæ¹æ³ãç¥ãã
ãŠããã ããããªããããããã®æè¡ã¯å šãæ°ŽæŽæ°Žã䜿
ããªããšããåŠçæ¹æ³ã§ã¯ãªãããããã«è¿å¹Žã®
æ°Žè³æºã®æ¶žæžãåæ²¹ã®å€äžãã«ããæ°ŽæŽã®ããã®
çµè²»ã¢ãããªã©ããçã æ·±å»ãªåé¡ã«ãªãã€ã€ã
ããããã§ãæŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ïŒæŒçœæ¶²ãæŒ
çœå®ç液ãªã©ïŒã§ã®è²ã¹ãã€ã³ã®çºçãé²æ¢ã
ãããã€æ°ŽæŽæ°Žãå®è³ªçã«äœ¿ããªãåŠçæ¹æ³ã®åº
çŸãåŸ ã¡æãŸããŠããã ãçºæã解決ããããšããåé¡ç¹ã æ¬çºæã¯äžèšã«éã¿ãŠæããããã®ã§ã第äž
ã«ãæŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ã§ã®è²ã¹ãã€ã³ã®çºç
ãæå¶ã§ãããã€æ°ŽæŽæ°Žãå®è³ªçã«äœ¿ããªããã
ã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ãæäŸã
ãããšã«ããã第äºã«ãæŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ã®
æåãåžèã«ããããããæŒçœèœãè¯å¥œãªããã²
ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ãæäŸãã
ããšã«ããã第äžã«ãå®å®ååŠçã«ããããæ°ŽæŽ
代æ¿å®å®æ¶²ã®æ§œæ°ãå°ãªãã³ã³ãã¯ããªèªåçŸå
æ©ãå¯èœã«ããããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææ
ã®åŠçæ¹æ³ãæäŸããããšã«ããã第åã«ããšã
ã«ã®ãŒã³ã¹ããäœããæ°ŽæŽæ°Žãå®è³ªçã«äœ¿ããªã
ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ãæ
äŸããããšã«ããã第äºã«ãå ¬å®³è² è·éã®å°ãªã
ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ãæ
äŸããããšãæè¡ç課é¡ãšããã ãåé¡ã解決ããããã®æ段ã äžèšæè¡ç課é¡ã解決ããæ¬çºæã®ããã²ã³å
éã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ã¯ãããã²ã³å
éã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææãæŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ã§
åŠçããå·¥çšãšãå®è³ªçã«æ°ŽæŽå·¥çšãçµãããšãª
ãå®å®ååŠçããå·¥çšãæããåŠçæ¹æ³ã«ãã
ãŠã該æŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ãææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯
äœã®å°ãªããšãäžçš®ã0.03ã0.10ã¢ã«ïŒå«æã
ãããšãç¹åŸŽãšããã æ¬çºæã®å¥œãŸããå®æœæ æ§ãšããŠã¯ãå®å®ååŠ
çã«çšããããæ°ŽæŽä»£æ¿å®å®æ¶²ããéã€ãªã³ã«å¯Ÿ
ãããã¬ãŒãå®å®åºŠå®æ°ãïŒä»¥äžã§ãããã¬ãŒã
å€ãå«æããããšãæããããã æ¬çºæè ãã¯éæç 究ããçµæãæŒçœèœãæã
ãåŠç液ã®è²ã¹ãã€ã³ã¯ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é ž
éïŒïŒé¯äœã®åŠãææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯äœã®æ¿åºŠã
ã€ãŸãæŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ã®éæŒçœèœåã«å€§ã
ãäŸåããŠãããæŒçœå€ã§ããææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯
äœãããæ¿åºŠä»¥äžã«ããã°ãæŒçœèœãæããåŠç
液ã®è²ã¹ãã€ã³ã極ããŠæå¹ã«é²æ¢ã§ããããšã
èŠãåºããããã«åèšææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯äœããã
æ¿åºŠä»¥äžã®æŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ã«çŽçµããŠæ°ŽæŽ
代æ¿å®å®ååŠçãè¡ããšãé©ãã¹ãããšã«éæŒçœ
èœåã®å£åããªãããã€è²ã¹ãã€ã³ã®çºçããªã
ããšãèŠãåºããæ¬çºæãæãã«è³ã€ããã®ã§ã
ãã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå æ
æãæŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ã§åŠçãããšã¯ãïŒæµŽ
æŒçœå®çåŠçåã¯æŒçœåŠçã®ãããã§ãããããš
ãæå³ãããæŒçœåŠçã®ã¿ã®å Žåã¯ã次工çšã®æ°Ž
æŽä»£æ¿å®å®ååŠçãšã®éã«å®çåŠçãè¡ãããã
ãªããæ¬çºæã«ãããæŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ã¯ã
ç¹æ®ã®å ŽåãïŒæµŽçºè²çŸåæŒçœå®ç液çã§ãã€ãŠ
ãããã 以äžæŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ã§åŠçããæ段ã¯ã
ïŒæµŽæŒçœå®çåŠçã®å Žåã«ã€ããŠäž»ã«èª¬æããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠæŒçœå®ç液ã«å«æãããææ©é ž
éïŒïŒé¯äœã¯ãçŸåã«ãã€ãŠçæããéå±éã
é žåããŠããã²ã³åéã«ãããäœçšãæãããã®
ã§ããã®æ§é ã¯ãã¢ããããªã«ã«ãã³é žãã¢ãã
ããªãã¹ãã³é žããªãã·ã«ã«ãã³é žçã®ææ©é žã
éïŒïŒã€ãªã³ããã¬ãŒããããã®ã§ããã ãã®ãããªææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯äœã圢æãããã
ã«çšããããææ©é žãšããŠã¯ãäžèšäžè¬åŒãã
åã¯ããã§ç€ºãããææ©é žçãæããããã äžè¬åŒ ãã X1âA1âZ1âA2âX2 äžè¬åŒ ãã
çæ¹æ³ã«é¢ããããã«è©³ããã¯å ¬å®³è² è·ãå°ãª
ããæŒçœæ¶²åã¯æŒçœå®ç液äžã§ã®è²ã¹ãã€ã³ãå°
ãªãããã€å®è³ªçã«æ°ŽæŽåŠçå·¥çšãæãã¬ããã²
ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ã«é¢ããã
ã®ã§ããã ãåŸæ¥ã®æè¡ã äžè¬ã«ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã¯ç»å
é²å ã®åŸãçºè²çŸåå·¥çšãšè±éå·¥çšãšãåºæ¬å·¥çš
ãšããäžé£ã®åçåŠçã«ããè²çŽ ç»åã圢æã
ãã äžèšã®çºè²çŸåå·¥çšã§ã¯ãçºè²çŸåäž»è¬ã®é žå
äœãå ±åããã«ã©ãŒã«ãã©ãŒãšã«ãããªã³ã°åå¿
ããããšã«ãã€ãŠç»åé²å ã«å¯Ÿå¿ããè²çŽ ç»åã
圢æããåæã«éå éãçæããããããã«çæ
ãããéã¯ãåŒç¶ãè±éå·¥çšã«ãããŠæŒçœå€ã«ã
ãé žåãããå®çå€ã®äœçšãåããŠå¯æº¶æ§ã®éé¯
äœã«å€åã溶解é€å»ãããæ°ŽæŽã«ãã€ãŠæž æµåã
ãããå®éã®çŸååŠçå·¥çšã§ã¯ãäžèšã®çºè²çŸå
åã³è±éãç®çãšããåºæ¬çãªå·¥çšã®ã»ãã«åæ¢
济ãé»çœçŸå济ãã«ããªæµŽã硬è济ãå®å®æµŽãè£
å济ããããã³ã°é€å»æµŽçã®è£å©çãªåŠç济ãèš
ããŠããã äžæ¹ãè¿å¹Žã¯åŠçã®è¿ éåãç°¡æåãèªåçŸå
æ©ã®ã³ã³ãã¯ãåçã®ããã«ãçºè²çŸåã«çŽçµã
ãŠæŒçœåã¯æŒçœå®çåŠçããåŸåã«ãããããã
ã«ãçºè²çŸåã®åŸãçŽçµããŠæŒçœåã¯æŒçœå®çåŠ
çãããšãçºè²çŸåäž»è¬ã«èµ·å ããè²ã¹ãã€ã³ã
æŒçœæ¶²åã¯æŒçœå®ç液äžã§çããæ¬ ç¹ãæããŠã
ãããã®ãããç¹éæ50â136031å·ãå51â
102640å·åã³ç¹å ¬æ54â12222å·åå ¬å ±ã«èšèŒã
ããŠãããåŠãã¢ãã³ç³»ååç©ãã¡ã«ã«ããç³»å
åç©ãæŒçœæ¶²åã¯æŒçœå®ç液ã«æ·»å ããããšã«ã
ããè²ã¹ãã€ã³ãæ¹è¯ããããšãç¥ãããŠãã
ããè¿å¹Žã®é«æž©è¿ éåŠççã®é«æŽ»æ§ãªåŠçã«å¯Ÿã
ãŠã¯ããã®å¹æã¯æªã å åãªãã®ãšã¯ãããªãã®
ãå®æ ã§ãããç¹ã«æŒçœå€ãšããŠãå ¬å®³äžŠã³ã«çµ
æžççç±ããè¿å¹Žäžè¬çã«ããçšããããŠããŠã
ãææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯äœãçšããé«æž©åŠçã®å Žåã«
ã¯ããã®è²ã¹ãã€ã³ã®çºçã¯ãããèããããã
倧ããªåé¡ãšãªãã€ã€ããã ãŸããè¿å¹Žæ°Žè³æºã®äžè¶³ãäžæ°Žéæéããã³å
ç±è²»ã®é«éš°çã®çµæžççç±ã䞊ã³ã«å ¬å®³ççç±ã
ããæ°ŽæŽæ°Žéãæžå°ãããã€å ¬å®³å¯Ÿçããšã€ãåŠ
çå·¥çšãæãŸããŠããã åŸæ¥ããããã®å¯ŸçãšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°æ°ŽæŽæ§œã
å€æ®µæ§æã«ããŠæ°Žãåæµãããæ¹æ³ã西ç¬ç¹èš±ç¬¬
2920222å·ããã³ãšã¹ã»ã¢ãŒã«ã»ãŽãŒã«ããããµ
ãŒïŒS.R.GoldwasserïŒïŒããŠãªãŒã¿ã»ãããŒã»ã¬
ã€ãã»ã€ã³ã»ã€ããŒãžãšã³ãŠãªãã·ã³ã°ãªãã»ã¢
ãŒã·ãšã³ãã¯ãã€ãŒã»ãã€ã«ã ïŒWater Flow
Rate in ImmersionâWashing of
Motionpicture FilmïŒãSMPTE.Vol.64ïŒ248ã
253é ãMayïŒïŒ1955ïŒçã«èšèŒãããŠããã ãŸãå®çèœãæããåŠç济ã®ããåŸã«äºåæ°ŽæŽ
ãèšããããã²ã³åéåçæå ææã«å«æãã
ããä»çããŠæ°ŽæŽå·¥çšäžã«å ¥ãå ¬å®³æåãæžå°ã
ãããã€æ°ŽæŽæ°Žéãæžå°ãããåŠçæ¹æ³ãç¥ãã
ãŠããã ããããªããããããã®æè¡ã¯å šãæ°ŽæŽæ°Žã䜿
ããªããšããåŠçæ¹æ³ã§ã¯ãªãããããã«è¿å¹Žã®
æ°Žè³æºã®æ¶žæžãåæ²¹ã®å€äžãã«ããæ°ŽæŽã®ããã®
çµè²»ã¢ãããªã©ããçã æ·±å»ãªåé¡ã«ãªãã€ã€ã
ããããã§ãæŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ïŒæŒçœæ¶²ãæŒ
çœå®ç液ãªã©ïŒã§ã®è²ã¹ãã€ã³ã®çºçãé²æ¢ã
ãããã€æ°ŽæŽæ°Žãå®è³ªçã«äœ¿ããªãåŠçæ¹æ³ã®åº
çŸãåŸ ã¡æãŸããŠããã ãçºæã解決ããããšããåé¡ç¹ã æ¬çºæã¯äžèšã«éã¿ãŠæããããã®ã§ã第äž
ã«ãæŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ã§ã®è²ã¹ãã€ã³ã®çºç
ãæå¶ã§ãããã€æ°ŽæŽæ°Žãå®è³ªçã«äœ¿ããªããã
ã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ãæäŸã
ãããšã«ããã第äºã«ãæŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ã®
æåãåžèã«ããããããæŒçœèœãè¯å¥œãªããã²
ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ãæäŸãã
ããšã«ããã第äžã«ãå®å®ååŠçã«ããããæ°ŽæŽ
代æ¿å®å®æ¶²ã®æ§œæ°ãå°ãªãã³ã³ãã¯ããªèªåçŸå
æ©ãå¯èœã«ããããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææ
ã®åŠçæ¹æ³ãæäŸããããšã«ããã第åã«ããšã
ã«ã®ãŒã³ã¹ããäœããæ°ŽæŽæ°Žãå®è³ªçã«äœ¿ããªã
ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ãæ
äŸããããšã«ããã第äºã«ãå ¬å®³è² è·éã®å°ãªã
ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ãæ
äŸããããšãæè¡ç課é¡ãšããã ãåé¡ã解決ããããã®æ段ã äžèšæè¡ç課é¡ã解決ããæ¬çºæã®ããã²ã³å
éã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ã¯ãããã²ã³å
éã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææãæŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ã§
åŠçããå·¥çšãšãå®è³ªçã«æ°ŽæŽå·¥çšãçµãããšãª
ãå®å®ååŠçããå·¥çšãæããåŠçæ¹æ³ã«ãã
ãŠã該æŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ãææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯
äœã®å°ãªããšãäžçš®ã0.03ã0.10ã¢ã«ïŒå«æã
ãããšãç¹åŸŽãšããã æ¬çºæã®å¥œãŸããå®æœæ æ§ãšããŠã¯ãå®å®ååŠ
çã«çšããããæ°ŽæŽä»£æ¿å®å®æ¶²ããéã€ãªã³ã«å¯Ÿ
ãããã¬ãŒãå®å®åºŠå®æ°ãïŒä»¥äžã§ãããã¬ãŒã
å€ãå«æããããšãæããããã æ¬çºæè ãã¯éæç 究ããçµæãæŒçœèœãæã
ãåŠç液ã®è²ã¹ãã€ã³ã¯ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³åé ¢é ž
éïŒïŒé¯äœã®åŠãææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯äœã®æ¿åºŠã
ã€ãŸãæŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ã®éæŒçœèœåã«å€§ã
ãäŸåããŠãããæŒçœå€ã§ããææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯
äœãããæ¿åºŠä»¥äžã«ããã°ãæŒçœèœãæããåŠç
液ã®è²ã¹ãã€ã³ã極ããŠæå¹ã«é²æ¢ã§ããããšã
èŠãåºããããã«åèšææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯äœããã
æ¿åºŠä»¥äžã®æŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ã«çŽçµããŠæ°ŽæŽ
代æ¿å®å®ååŠçãè¡ããšãé©ãã¹ãããšã«éæŒçœ
èœåã®å£åããªãããã€è²ã¹ãã€ã³ã®çºçããªã
ããšãèŠãåºããæ¬çºæãæãã«è³ã€ããã®ã§ã
ãã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå æ
æãæŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ã§åŠçãããšã¯ãïŒæµŽ
æŒçœå®çåŠçåã¯æŒçœåŠçã®ãããã§ãããããš
ãæå³ãããæŒçœåŠçã®ã¿ã®å Žåã¯ã次工çšã®æ°Ž
æŽä»£æ¿å®å®ååŠçãšã®éã«å®çåŠçãè¡ãããã
ãªããæ¬çºæã«ãããæŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ã¯ã
ç¹æ®ã®å ŽåãïŒæµŽçºè²çŸåæŒçœå®ç液çã§ãã€ãŠ
ãããã 以äžæŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ã§åŠçããæ段ã¯ã
ïŒæµŽæŒçœå®çåŠçã®å Žåã«ã€ããŠäž»ã«èª¬æããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠæŒçœå®ç液ã«å«æãããææ©é ž
éïŒïŒé¯äœã¯ãçŸåã«ãã€ãŠçæããéå±éã
é žåããŠããã²ã³åéã«ãããäœçšãæãããã®
ã§ããã®æ§é ã¯ãã¢ããããªã«ã«ãã³é žãã¢ãã
ããªãã¹ãã³é žããªãã·ã«ã«ãã³é žçã®ææ©é žã
éïŒïŒã€ãªã³ããã¬ãŒããããã®ã§ããã ãã®ãããªææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯äœã圢æãããã
ã«çšããããææ©é žãšããŠã¯ãäžèšäžè¬åŒãã
åã¯ããã§ç€ºãããææ©é žçãæããããã äžè¬åŒ ãã X1âA1âZ1âA2âX2 äžè¬åŒ ãã
ãåã
åŒäžãA1ïŒA2ïŒA3ïŒA4ïŒA5ããã³A6ã¯ãã
ãã眮æãããã¯é眮æã®çåæ°ŽçŽ åºãZ1ããã³
Z2ã¯ãããã眮æãããã¯é眮æã®çåæ°ŽçŽ åºã
ãšãŒãã«åºãå«ãçåæ°ŽçŽ åºåã¯
ãã眮æãããã¯é眮æã®çåæ°ŽçŽ åºãZ1ããã³
Z2ã¯ãããã眮æãããã¯é眮æã®çåæ°ŽçŽ åºã
ãšãŒãã«åºãå«ãçåæ°ŽçŽ åºåã¯
ãïŒã ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ããã©é
¢é
ž
ãïŒã ãžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ãã³ãã³ã¿é
¢é
ž
ãïŒã ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ââïŒÎ²âãããã
ã·ãšãã«ïŒâïŒNâ²ïŒNâ²âããªé ¢é ž ãïŒã ïŒïŒïŒâãããã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ããã©é ¢é ž ãïŒã ãããªãããªé ¢é ž ãïŒã ã·ã¯ããããµã³ãžã¢ãã³ããã©é ¢é ž ãïŒã ã€ãããžé ¢é ž ãïŒã ãžããããã·ãšãã«ã°ãªã·ã³
ã·ãšãã«ïŒâïŒNâ²ïŒNâ²âããªé ¢é ž ãïŒã ïŒïŒïŒâãããã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ããã©é ¢é ž ãïŒã ãããªãããªé ¢é ž ãïŒã ã·ã¯ããããµã³ãžã¢ãã³ããã©é ¢é ž ãïŒã ã€ãããžé ¢é ž ãïŒã ãžããããã·ãšãã«ã°ãªã·ã³
ãïŒã ããããã·ãšãã«ã€ãããžé
¢é
ž
ã10ã ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãšãŒãã«ãžã¢ãã³ããã©é
¢é
ž
ã11ã ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ããã©ããããªã³é
ž
ã12ã ããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ããã©é
¢é
ž
ã13ã ã¡ãã«ã€ãããžé
¢é
ž
ã14ã ãããã«ã€ãããžé
¢é
ž
ã15ã ã¯ãšã³é
ž
ã16ã ã·ãŠãŠé
ž
ã17ã é
ç³é
ž
ã18ã ã³ãã¯é
ž
ã19ã ã¯ãšã³é
žãããªãŠã
ã20ã ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ããã©ã¡ãã¬ã³ãã¹ã
ã³é ž ã21ã ã¢ããããªïŒã¡ãã¬ã³ãã¹ãã³é žïŒ ã22ã ãžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ãã³ãã³ã¿ã¡ãã¬ã³ã
ã¹ãã³é ž ãããåèšäžè¬åŒããåã¯ããã§ç€ºããã
ææ©é žã®ãã¡ãæ¬çºæã«ãããŠç¹ã«å¥œãŸããçšã
ããããã®ã¯ãã¢ããããªã«ã«ãã³é žé¡ã§ããã
ãšããã奜ãŸããçšããããåèšã¢ããããªã«ã«
ãã³é žé¡ã®å ·äœäŸãšããŠã¯åèšäŸç€ºååç©ãïŒãïŒ
ãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒã
ïŒãïŒ
ã10ãïŒã13ãïŒã14ãåã³ãããã®å¡©ïŒãããªãŠã
å¡©ãã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ãããªã¡ãã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©
çïŒãæããããç¹ã«æ¬çºæã«ãããŠã¯ãïŒãã
奜ãŸããçšããããã æ¬çºæã®æŒçœå®ç液ã«ãããŠã¯ãåèšææ©é žé
ïŒïŒé¯äœãïŒçš®ä»¥äžçµåã䜿çšããã®ã¯ä»»æã§
ããããããæ¬çºæã®ææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯äœã¯ãæ¬
çºæã®æŒçœå®ç液äžã«0.03ã¢ã«ïŒããå°ãªãé
ã§ã¯æŒçœèœåãååã§ãªããããã«0.10ã¢ã«ïŒ
ãè¶ãããšãè²ã¹ãã€ã³ãèããããã«ãæ¬çºæ
ã§ã¯0.03ã0.10ã¢ã«ïŒã®ç¯å²ã§æ·»å ããŠçšãã
ããããªãæ¬çºæã«ãããæŒçœå®ç液ã«ã¯ãææ©
é žéïŒïŒé¯äœä»¥å€ã®æŒçœå€ã䜵çšãããŠãã
ãã æ¬çºæã®æŒçœå®ç液ã«ã¯ãçš®ã ã®æ·»å å€ãå«ã
ããšãã§ããããã®æ·»å å€ãšããŠã¯ãã¢ã«ã«ãªã
ã©ã€ããŸãã¯ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãã©ã€ãïŒäŸãã°èå
ã«ãªãŠã ãèåãããªãŠã ãå¡©åãããªãŠã ãè
åã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã çïŒãç¡Œé žå¡©ãèé žå¡©ãé ¢é žå¡©ã
çé žå¡©ãçé žå¡©çã®PHç·©è¡å€ãå®çå€å³ã¡ããã²
ã³åéãšåå¿ããŠæ°Žæº¶æ§ã®é¯å¡©ã圢æããååç©
ïŒäŸãã°ããªç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã ãããªç¡«é žãããªãŠã ã
ããªç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ã®åŠãããªç¡«é žå¡©ãããªã·
ã¢ã³é žã«ãªãŠã ãããªã·ã¢ã³é žãããªãŠã ãããª
ã·ã¢ã³é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ã®åŠãããªã·ã¢ã³é žå¡©ãã
ããã¯ããªå°¿çŽ ãããªãšãŒãã«çïŒãä¿æå€ïŒäŸ
ãã°äºç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãäºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã ãéäº
ç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãéäºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã ãéäºç¡«é ž
ãããªãŠã ãã¡ã¿éäºç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãã¡ã¿é
äºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã ãã¡ã¿éäºç¡«é žãããªãŠã çïŒã
å«ãããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããæŒçœå®ç液ã«ã¯ãç¹éæ46
â280å·ãç¹å ¬æ45â8506å·ãå46â556å·ããã«
ã®ãŒç¹èš±770910å·ãç¹å ¬æ45â8836å·ãå53â
9854å·ãç¹éæ54â71634å·åã³å49â42349å·ç
ã«èšèŒãããŠããçš®ã ã®æŒçœä¿é²å€ãæ·»å ããã
ãšãã§ããããæ¬çºæã«ãããŠã¯æŒçœæ§èœåã³è²
ã¹ãã€ã³åã³éååå¹çã®åäžã®ç¹ããäžèšäžè¬
åŒããã§ç€ºãããæŒçœä¿é²å€ãããããšãç¹ã«
奜ãŸããã äžè¬åŒ ãã
ã³é ž ã21ã ã¢ããããªïŒã¡ãã¬ã³ãã¹ãã³é žïŒ ã22ã ãžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ãã³ãã³ã¿ã¡ãã¬ã³ã
ã¹ãã³é ž ãããåèšäžè¬åŒããåã¯ããã§ç€ºããã
ææ©é žã®ãã¡ãæ¬çºæã«ãããŠç¹ã«å¥œãŸããçšã
ããããã®ã¯ãã¢ããããªã«ã«ãã³é žé¡ã§ããã
ãšããã奜ãŸããçšããããåèšã¢ããããªã«ã«
ãã³é žé¡ã®å ·äœäŸãšããŠã¯åèšäŸç€ºååç©ãïŒãïŒ
ãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒãïŒã
ïŒãïŒ
ã10ãïŒã13ãïŒã14ãåã³ãããã®å¡©ïŒãããªãŠã
å¡©ãã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ãããªã¡ãã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©
çïŒãæããããç¹ã«æ¬çºæã«ãããŠã¯ãïŒãã
奜ãŸããçšããããã æ¬çºæã®æŒçœå®ç液ã«ãããŠã¯ãåèšææ©é žé
ïŒïŒé¯äœãïŒçš®ä»¥äžçµåã䜿çšããã®ã¯ä»»æã§
ããããããæ¬çºæã®ææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯äœã¯ãæ¬
çºæã®æŒçœå®ç液äžã«0.03ã¢ã«ïŒããå°ãªãé
ã§ã¯æŒçœèœåãååã§ãªããããã«0.10ã¢ã«ïŒ
ãè¶ãããšãè²ã¹ãã€ã³ãèããããã«ãæ¬çºæ
ã§ã¯0.03ã0.10ã¢ã«ïŒã®ç¯å²ã§æ·»å ããŠçšãã
ããããªãæ¬çºæã«ãããæŒçœå®ç液ã«ã¯ãææ©
é žéïŒïŒé¯äœä»¥å€ã®æŒçœå€ã䜵çšãããŠãã
ãã æ¬çºæã®æŒçœå®ç液ã«ã¯ãçš®ã ã®æ·»å å€ãå«ã
ããšãã§ããããã®æ·»å å€ãšããŠã¯ãã¢ã«ã«ãªã
ã©ã€ããŸãã¯ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãã©ã€ãïŒäŸãã°èå
ã«ãªãŠã ãèåãããªãŠã ãå¡©åãããªãŠã ãè
åã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã çïŒãç¡Œé žå¡©ãèé žå¡©ãé ¢é žå¡©ã
çé žå¡©ãçé žå¡©çã®PHç·©è¡å€ãå®çå€å³ã¡ããã²
ã³åéãšåå¿ããŠæ°Žæº¶æ§ã®é¯å¡©ã圢æããååç©
ïŒäŸãã°ããªç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã ãããªç¡«é žãããªãŠã ã
ããªç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ã®åŠãããªç¡«é žå¡©ãããªã·
ã¢ã³é žã«ãªãŠã ãããªã·ã¢ã³é žãããªãŠã ãããª
ã·ã¢ã³é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ã®åŠãããªã·ã¢ã³é žå¡©ãã
ããã¯ããªå°¿çŽ ãããªãšãŒãã«çïŒãä¿æå€ïŒäŸ
ãã°äºç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãäºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã ãéäº
ç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãéäºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã ãéäºç¡«é ž
ãããªãŠã ãã¡ã¿éäºç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãã¡ã¿é
äºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã ãã¡ã¿éäºç¡«é žãããªãŠã çïŒã
å«ãããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããæŒçœå®ç液ã«ã¯ãç¹éæ46
â280å·ãç¹å ¬æ45â8506å·ãå46â556å·ããã«
ã®ãŒç¹èš±770910å·ãç¹å ¬æ45â8836å·ãå53â
9854å·ãç¹éæ54â71634å·åã³å49â42349å·ç
ã«èšèŒãããŠããçš®ã ã®æŒçœä¿é²å€ãæ·»å ããã
ãšãã§ããããæ¬çºæã«ãããŠã¯æŒçœæ§èœåã³è²
ã¹ãã€ã³åã³éååå¹çã®åäžã®ç¹ããäžèšäžè¬
åŒããã§ç€ºãããæŒçœä¿é²å€ãããããšãç¹ã«
奜ãŸããã äžè¬åŒ ãã
ãåŒã
åŒäžãã¯çªçŽ ååãïŒå以å«ããããç°ïŒïŒ
ãïŒå¡ã®äžé£œåç°ãå°ãªããšãäžã€ãããã«çž®å
ããŠãããã®ãå«ãïŒã圢æããã®ã«å¿ èŠãªåå
矀ãè¡šãããR1ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååã
ãïŒå¡ã®äžé£œåç°ãå°ãªããšãäžã€ãããã«çž®å
ããŠãããã®ãå«ãïŒã圢æããã®ã«å¿ èŠãªåå
矀ãè¡šãããR1ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååã
ãåŒããŸã
ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºãè¡šãããã¢ã«ãã«åºãšããŠã¯çŽé
ãŸãã¯åå²ã®ççŽ æ°ïŒãïŒã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã奜ãŸã
ãããã ããQâ²ã¯åèšïŒ±ãšå矩ã§ããã 次ã«åèšäžè¬åŒããã§ç€ºãããæŒçœä¿é²å€ã®
代衚çå ·äœäŸãæãããããããã«éå®ãããª
ãã
ãŸãã¯åå²ã®ççŽ æ°ïŒãïŒã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã奜ãŸã
ãããã ããQâ²ã¯åèšïŒ±ãšå矩ã§ããã 次ã«åèšäžè¬åŒããã§ç€ºãããæŒçœä¿é²å€ã®
代衚çå ·äœäŸãæãããããããã«éå®ãããª
ãã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãããã®æŒçœä¿é²å€ã¯åç¬ã§çšããŠããããã
ïŒçš®ä»¥äžã䜵çšããŠããããæŒçœå®ç液ãžã®æ·»å
éãšããŠã¯åŠç液ïŒåœã0.01ã50ïœã§äœ¿çšã
ããç¹ã«0.1ã30ïœã奜ãŸããçšããããæã奜
ãŸããã¯0.1ã15ïœã®ç¯å²ã§ããã ãªããæ¬çºæã«çšããããæŒçœèœãæããåŠç
液ãæŒçœæ¶²ã§ããå Žåãåèšå®çå€ã¯æ¬¡å·¥çšã§ã
ãå®ç液äžã«å«æããã該å®ç液ã«ããåŠçã®
åŸãæ¬çºæã®æ°ŽæŽä»£æ¿å®å®ååŠçãè¡ãããããŸ
ãã該æŒçœæ¶²ã®å Žåããææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯äœä»¥å€
ã®æŒçœå€ã䜵ãããŠãããã æ¬çºæã®å®å®ååŠçã«çšããããæ°ŽæŽä»£æ¿å®å®
液ã¯ç·©è¡æ¶²ã§ããã°ããããéã€ãªã³ã«å¯Ÿããã
ã¬ãŒãå®å®åºŠå®æ°ãïŒä»¥äžã§ãããã¬ãŒãå€ãå«
æããåŠç液ã§ããããšã奜ãŸããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠããã¬ãŒãå®å®åºŠå®æ°ããšã¯ã
éå±ã€ãªã³ãšãã¬ãŒãã«ãã€ãŠåœ¢æãããé¯äœã®
溶液äžã«ãããå®å®åºŠã瀺ããã®ã§ãé¯äœã®è§£é¢
å®æ°ã®éæ°ãšããŠå®çŸ©ãããå®æ°ãæå³ãã L.G.Sillïœ â²ïœ A.E.MartellèïŒâStability
Constants of Metalâion ComplexesâïŒThe
Chemical SocietyïŒLondonïŒ1964ïŒïŒ S.Chaberek A.E.MartellèïŒâOrganic
Sequestering AgensâWileyïŒ1959ïŒçã«ããäž
è¬ã«ç¥ãããŠããã æ¬çºæã®éã€ãªã³ãšã®ãã¬ãŒãå®å®åºŠå®æ°ãïŒ
以äžã§ãããã¬ãŒãå€ãšããŠã¯ãææ©ã«ã«ãã³é ž
ãã¬ãŒãå€ãææ©ãªã³é žãã¬ãŒãå€ãç¡æ©ãªã³é ž
ãã¬ãŒãå€ãããªããããã·ååç©çããããã
ãããã¬ãŒãå€ã®å ·äœçååç©äŸãšããŠã¯ããšã
ã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ãžãªã«ãããããã·ããšãã«é ¢é žã
ãããªãããªé ¢é žãããããã·ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³
ããªé ¢é žããžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ãã³ãã³ã¿é ¢é žãã
ãããã·ãšãã«ã€ãããžé ¢é žããžã¢ãããããã
ãŒã«ããã©é ¢é žããã©ã³ã¹ã·ã¯ããããµã³ãžã¢ã
ã³ããã©é ¢é žããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ããã©ãã¹ã¡ã
ã¬ã³ãã¹ãã³é žããããªãããªã¡ãã¬ã³ãã¹ãã³
é žãïŒâããããã·ãšããªãã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžãã¹
ãã³é žãïŒïŒïŒâãžãã¹ãããšã¿ã³âïŒâã«ã«ã
ã³é žãïŒâãã¹ãããã¿ã³âïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªã«
ã«ãã³é žãïŒâããããã·âïŒâãã¹ããããã
ã³âïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªã«ã«ãã³é žãã«ãã³ãŒã«â
ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¹ã«ãã³é žããããªã³é žãããªãŠã ã
ããã©ããªãªã³é žãããªãŠã ããããµã¡ã¿ãªã³é ž
ãããªãŠã ããããæ¬çºæå¹æã®ç¹ãããæ¬çºæ
ã«ãããŠã¯ãžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ãã³ãã³ã¿é ¢é žãïŒ
âããããã·ãšããªãã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžãã¹ãã³é ž
ããããã®å¡©ãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããçšããããã æŽã«ãæ¬çºæã®æ°ŽæŽä»£æ¿å®å®æ¶²ã«æ·»å ããã®ã«
æãŸããååç©ãšããŠã¯ãé ¢é žãç¡«é žãå¡©é žãç¡
é žãã¹ã«ãã¢ãã«é žãæ°Žé žåã«ãªãŠã ãæ°Žé žåã
ããªãŠã ãæ°Žé žåã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã çã®PH調æŽå€ãå®
æ¯éŠé žãœãŒããããããã·å®æ¯éŠé žããã«ãæç
ç©è³ªãããããé ¢é žããœã«ãã³é žã«ãªãŠã ããµã€
ã¢ãã³ããŸãŒã«ããªã«ãâããšãã«ããšããŒã«ã
ïŒâã¯ããâïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒâã€ãœãã¢ãŸãªã³â
ïŒâãªã³ãïŒâãªã¯ãã«âïŒâã€ãœãã¢ãŸãªã³â
ïŒâãªã³ãïŒâïŒâãã³ãã€ãœãã¢ãŸãªã³âïŒâ
ãªã³çã®é²é»Žå€ã氎溶æ§éå±å¡©çã®æ·»å å€ããšã
ã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãããª
ããã«ãããªãã³çã®åæ£å€ããã«ããªã³çã®ç¡¬
èå€ãè¢å å¢çœå€çãæããããã ãããã®ååç©ã®äžã§æ¬çºæã«ãããŠæå¹ãªã
ã®ã¯ç¹é¡æ58â58693å·æ现æžçã«èšèŒãããã¢
ã³ã¢ãã¢ååç©ã§ããã æ¬çºæã«ä¿ãæ°ŽæŽä»£æ¿å®å®æ¶²ã®PHå€ã¯0.1ã10
ã«èª¿æŽããã®ãããã奜ãŸããã¯PHïŒãïŒããã
奜ãŸããã¯PHïŒã8.5ã奜é©ãªç¯å²ã§ããã å®å®ååŠçã«éããŠã®åŠç枩床ã¯ã15âã60
âã奜ãŸããã¯20âã45âã®ç¯å²ãããããŸãåŠ
çæéãè¿ éåŠçã®èŠ³ç¹ããçæéã§ããã»ã©å¥œ
ãŸããããéåžž20ç§ã10åéãæã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒ
åãïŒåéã§ãããè€æ°æ§œå®å®ååŠçã®å Žåã¯å
段槜ã»ã©çæéã§åŠçããåŸæ®µæ§œã»ã©åŠçæéã
é·ãããšã奜ãŸãããç¹ã«å槜ã®20ïŒ ã50ïŒ å¢ã
ã®åŠçæéã§é 次åŠçããããšãæãŸããããŸ
ããå®å®ååŠçå·¥çšã¯å€æ®µæ§œãšããè£å 液ã¯æåŸ
段槜ããè£å ããé 次å段槜ã«ãªãŒããŒãããŒã
ãéæµæ¹åŒã«ããããšã奜ãŸãããæ¬çºæã«ãã
å®å®ååŠçã®åŸã«ã¯æ°ŽæŽåŠçãå šãå¿ èŠãšããªã
ãã極ãçæéå ã§ã®å°éæ°ŽæŽã«ãããªã³ã¹ãè¡š
é¢æŽæµãªã©ã¯å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠä»»æã«è¡ãããšã¯ã§ã
ãã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠãæŒçœå®ç液ã§åŠçããåŸãå®
質çã«æ°ŽæŽå·¥çšãçµãããšãªãå®å®ååŠçãããš
ã¯ãæŒçœå®ç济ãšå®å®ååŠçã®éã«éååã®ãã
ã®çæéã®éåå济ããªã³ã¹çãèšããŠããããš
ããããšãæå³ããããŸãå®å®ååŠçã®åŸãçé¢
掻æ§å€ãå«æããæ°Žåã济çãèšããŠããããšã
ãããšãæå³ããŠãããã奜ãŸããã¯ãéåå
济ããªã³ã¹ããã³æ°Žåã济çã¯èšããªãæ¹ãèªå
çŸåæ©ã®ã³ã³ãã¯ãåã®ç¹ããæãŸããã æ¬çºæã®å®å®æ¶²ãæå ææãšæ¥è§Šãããæ¹æ³
ã¯ãäžè¬ã®åŠç液ãšåæ§ã«æ¶²äžã«æå ææã浞挬
ããã®ãããããã¹ãã³ãžãåæç¹ç¶åžçã«ãã
æå ææã®ä¹³å€é¢åã³æ¬éãªãŒããŒã®äž¡é¢ãæ¬é
ãã«ãã«å¡ãä»ããŠããããåã¹ãã¬ãŒçã«ãã
å¹ãä»ããŠãããã æ¬çºæã®æŒçœå®çå·¥çšã®åã«ã¯çºè²çŸååŠçã
è¡ããã該çºè²çŸååŠçã«çšããããçºè²çŸå液
ã«ãããŠãæ¬çºæã®å¹æã®ç¹ãã奜ãŸããçšãã
ããçºè²çŸåäž»è¬ã¯ãå°ãªããšãäžã€ã®æ°Žæº¶æ§åº
ãæããã¢ããåºãæããïœâããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ã
ã³ç³»çºè²çŸåäž»è¬ã§ãããç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã¯äžèšäž
è¬åŒããã§ç€ºãããååç©ã§ããã äžè¬åŒãã
ïŒçš®ä»¥äžã䜵çšããŠããããæŒçœå®ç液ãžã®æ·»å
éãšããŠã¯åŠç液ïŒåœã0.01ã50ïœã§äœ¿çšã
ããç¹ã«0.1ã30ïœã奜ãŸããçšããããæã奜
ãŸããã¯0.1ã15ïœã®ç¯å²ã§ããã ãªããæ¬çºæã«çšããããæŒçœèœãæããåŠç
液ãæŒçœæ¶²ã§ããå Žåãåèšå®çå€ã¯æ¬¡å·¥çšã§ã
ãå®ç液äžã«å«æããã該å®ç液ã«ããåŠçã®
åŸãæ¬çºæã®æ°ŽæŽä»£æ¿å®å®ååŠçãè¡ãããããŸ
ãã該æŒçœæ¶²ã®å Žåããææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯äœä»¥å€
ã®æŒçœå€ã䜵ãããŠãããã æ¬çºæã®å®å®ååŠçã«çšããããæ°ŽæŽä»£æ¿å®å®
液ã¯ç·©è¡æ¶²ã§ããã°ããããéã€ãªã³ã«å¯Ÿããã
ã¬ãŒãå®å®åºŠå®æ°ãïŒä»¥äžã§ãããã¬ãŒãå€ãå«
æããåŠç液ã§ããããšã奜ãŸããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠããã¬ãŒãå®å®åºŠå®æ°ããšã¯ã
éå±ã€ãªã³ãšãã¬ãŒãã«ãã€ãŠåœ¢æãããé¯äœã®
溶液äžã«ãããå®å®åºŠã瀺ããã®ã§ãé¯äœã®è§£é¢
å®æ°ã®éæ°ãšããŠå®çŸ©ãããå®æ°ãæå³ãã L.G.Sillïœ â²ïœ A.E.MartellèïŒâStability
Constants of Metalâion ComplexesâïŒThe
Chemical SocietyïŒLondonïŒ1964ïŒïŒ S.Chaberek A.E.MartellèïŒâOrganic
Sequestering AgensâWileyïŒ1959ïŒçã«ããäž
è¬ã«ç¥ãããŠããã æ¬çºæã®éã€ãªã³ãšã®ãã¬ãŒãå®å®åºŠå®æ°ãïŒ
以äžã§ãããã¬ãŒãå€ãšããŠã¯ãææ©ã«ã«ãã³é ž
ãã¬ãŒãå€ãææ©ãªã³é žãã¬ãŒãå€ãç¡æ©ãªã³é ž
ãã¬ãŒãå€ãããªããããã·ååç©çããããã
ãããã¬ãŒãå€ã®å ·äœçååç©äŸãšããŠã¯ããšã
ã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ãžãªã«ãããããã·ããšãã«é ¢é žã
ãããªãããªé ¢é žãããããã·ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³
ããªé ¢é žããžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ãã³ãã³ã¿é ¢é žãã
ãããã·ãšãã«ã€ãããžé ¢é žããžã¢ãããããã
ãŒã«ããã©é ¢é žããã©ã³ã¹ã·ã¯ããããµã³ãžã¢ã
ã³ããã©é ¢é žããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ããã©ãã¹ã¡ã
ã¬ã³ãã¹ãã³é žããããªãããªã¡ãã¬ã³ãã¹ãã³
é žãïŒâããããã·ãšããªãã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžãã¹
ãã³é žãïŒïŒïŒâãžãã¹ãããšã¿ã³âïŒâã«ã«ã
ã³é žãïŒâãã¹ãããã¿ã³âïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªã«
ã«ãã³é žãïŒâããããã·âïŒâãã¹ããããã
ã³âïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªã«ã«ãã³é žãã«ãã³ãŒã«â
ïŒïŒïŒâãžã¹ã«ãã³é žããããªã³é žãããªãŠã ã
ããã©ããªãªã³é žãããªãŠã ããããµã¡ã¿ãªã³é ž
ãããªãŠã ããããæ¬çºæå¹æã®ç¹ãããæ¬çºæ
ã«ãããŠã¯ãžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ãã³ãã³ã¿é ¢é žãïŒ
âããããã·ãšããªãã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžãã¹ãã³é ž
ããããã®å¡©ãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããçšããããã æŽã«ãæ¬çºæã®æ°ŽæŽä»£æ¿å®å®æ¶²ã«æ·»å ããã®ã«
æãŸããååç©ãšããŠã¯ãé ¢é žãç¡«é žãå¡©é žãç¡
é žãã¹ã«ãã¢ãã«é žãæ°Žé žåã«ãªãŠã ãæ°Žé žåã
ããªãŠã ãæ°Žé žåã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã çã®PH調æŽå€ãå®
æ¯éŠé žãœãŒããããããã·å®æ¯éŠé žããã«ãæç
ç©è³ªãããããé ¢é žããœã«ãã³é žã«ãªãŠã ããµã€
ã¢ãã³ããŸãŒã«ããªã«ãâããšãã«ããšããŒã«ã
ïŒâã¯ããâïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒâã€ãœãã¢ãŸãªã³â
ïŒâãªã³ãïŒâãªã¯ãã«âïŒâã€ãœãã¢ãŸãªã³â
ïŒâãªã³ãïŒâïŒâãã³ãã€ãœãã¢ãŸãªã³âïŒâ
ãªã³çã®é²é»Žå€ã氎溶æ§éå±å¡©çã®æ·»å å€ããšã
ã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãããª
ããã«ãããªãã³çã®åæ£å€ããã«ããªã³çã®ç¡¬
èå€ãè¢å å¢çœå€çãæããããã ãããã®ååç©ã®äžã§æ¬çºæã«ãããŠæå¹ãªã
ã®ã¯ç¹é¡æ58â58693å·æ现æžçã«èšèŒãããã¢
ã³ã¢ãã¢ååç©ã§ããã æ¬çºæã«ä¿ãæ°ŽæŽä»£æ¿å®å®æ¶²ã®PHå€ã¯0.1ã10
ã«èª¿æŽããã®ãããã奜ãŸããã¯PHïŒãïŒããã
奜ãŸããã¯PHïŒã8.5ã奜é©ãªç¯å²ã§ããã å®å®ååŠçã«éããŠã®åŠç枩床ã¯ã15âã60
âã奜ãŸããã¯20âã45âã®ç¯å²ãããããŸãåŠ
çæéãè¿ éåŠçã®èŠ³ç¹ããçæéã§ããã»ã©å¥œ
ãŸããããéåžž20ç§ã10åéãæã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒ
åãïŒåéã§ãããè€æ°æ§œå®å®ååŠçã®å Žåã¯å
段槜ã»ã©çæéã§åŠçããåŸæ®µæ§œã»ã©åŠçæéã
é·ãããšã奜ãŸãããç¹ã«å槜ã®20ïŒ ã50ïŒ å¢ã
ã®åŠçæéã§é 次åŠçããããšãæãŸããããŸ
ããå®å®ååŠçå·¥çšã¯å€æ®µæ§œãšããè£å 液ã¯æåŸ
段槜ããè£å ããé 次å段槜ã«ãªãŒããŒãããŒã
ãéæµæ¹åŒã«ããããšã奜ãŸãããæ¬çºæã«ãã
å®å®ååŠçã®åŸã«ã¯æ°ŽæŽåŠçãå šãå¿ èŠãšããªã
ãã極ãçæéå ã§ã®å°éæ°ŽæŽã«ãããªã³ã¹ãè¡š
é¢æŽæµãªã©ã¯å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠä»»æã«è¡ãããšã¯ã§ã
ãã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠãæŒçœå®ç液ã§åŠçããåŸãå®
質çã«æ°ŽæŽå·¥çšãçµãããšãªãå®å®ååŠçãããš
ã¯ãæŒçœå®ç济ãšå®å®ååŠçã®éã«éååã®ãã
ã®çæéã®éåå济ããªã³ã¹çãèšããŠããããš
ããããšãæå³ããããŸãå®å®ååŠçã®åŸãçé¢
掻æ§å€ãå«æããæ°Žåã济çãèšããŠããããšã
ãããšãæå³ããŠãããã奜ãŸããã¯ãéåå
济ããªã³ã¹ããã³æ°Žåã济çã¯èšããªãæ¹ãèªå
çŸåæ©ã®ã³ã³ãã¯ãåã®ç¹ããæãŸããã æ¬çºæã®å®å®æ¶²ãæå ææãšæ¥è§Šãããæ¹æ³
ã¯ãäžè¬ã®åŠç液ãšåæ§ã«æ¶²äžã«æå ææã浞挬
ããã®ãããããã¹ãã³ãžãåæç¹ç¶åžçã«ãã
æå ææã®ä¹³å€é¢åã³æ¬éãªãŒããŒã®äž¡é¢ãæ¬é
ãã«ãã«å¡ãä»ããŠããããåã¹ãã¬ãŒçã«ãã
å¹ãä»ããŠãããã æ¬çºæã®æŒçœå®çå·¥çšã®åã«ã¯çºè²çŸååŠçã
è¡ããã該çºè²çŸååŠçã«çšããããçºè²çŸå液
ã«ãããŠãæ¬çºæã®å¹æã®ç¹ãã奜ãŸããçšãã
ããçºè²çŸåäž»è¬ã¯ãå°ãªããšãäžã€ã®æ°Žæº¶æ§åº
ãæããã¢ããåºãæããïœâããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ã
ã³ç³»çºè²çŸåäž»è¬ã§ãããç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã¯äžèšäž
è¬åŒããã§ç€ºãããååç©ã§ããã äžè¬åŒãã
ãåŒã
åŒäžãR2ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãããã²ã³ååãŸãã¯ã¢
ã«ãã«åºãè¡šããããã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã¯çŽéãŸãã¯
åå²ã®ççŽ æ°ïŒãïŒã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºãè¡šããã眮æ
åºãæããŠããŠããããR3åã³R4ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãŸ
ãã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºãŸãã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãè¡šããããã
ããã®åºã¯çœ®æåºãæããŠããŠããããã¢ã«ãã«
åºã®å Žåã¢ãªãŒã«åºã眮æããã¢ã«ãã«åºã奜ãŸ
ããããããŠR3åã³R4ã®å°ãªããšãäžã€ã¯æ°Žé ž
åºãã«ã«ãã³é žåºãã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãã¢ããåºãã¹
ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºçã®æ°Žæº¶æ§åºã眮æããã¢ã«ãã«
åºãŸãã¯ïŒïŒââCH2ïŒn1ââïŒn2ââR5ã§ãããã
ã®ã¢ã«
ãã«åºã¯æŽã«çœ®æåºãæããŠããŠãããã ãªããR5ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãŸãã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºãè¡šã
ããã¢ã«ãã«åºãšããŠã¯çŽéãŸãã¯åå²ã®ççŽ æ°
ïŒãïŒã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºãè¡šãããm1åã³m2ã¯ãã
ããïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ãè¡šããã 次ã«åèšäžè¬åŒããã§ç€ºãããååç©ã®ä»£è¡š
çå ·äœäŸãæãããããããã«éå®ããããã®ã§
ã¯ãªãã
ã«ãã«åºãè¡šããããã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºã¯çŽéãŸãã¯
åå²ã®ççŽ æ°ïŒãïŒã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºãè¡šããã眮æ
åºãæããŠããŠããããR3åã³R4ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãŸ
ãã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºãŸãã¯ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãè¡šããããã
ããã®åºã¯çœ®æåºãæããŠããŠããããã¢ã«ãã«
åºã®å Žåã¢ãªãŒã«åºã眮æããã¢ã«ãã«åºã奜ãŸ
ããããããŠR3åã³R4ã®å°ãªããšãäžã€ã¯æ°Žé ž
åºãã«ã«ãã³é žåºãã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãã¢ããåºãã¹
ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºçã®æ°Žæº¶æ§åºã眮æããã¢ã«ãã«
åºãŸãã¯ïŒïŒââCH2ïŒn1ââïŒn2ââR5ã§ãããã
ã®ã¢ã«
ãã«åºã¯æŽã«çœ®æåºãæããŠããŠãããã ãªããR5ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãŸãã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºãè¡šã
ããã¢ã«ãã«åºãšããŠã¯çŽéãŸãã¯åå²ã®ççŽ æ°
ïŒãïŒã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºãè¡šãããm1åã³m2ã¯ãã
ããïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ãè¡šããã 次ã«åèšäžè¬åŒããã§ç€ºãããååç©ã®ä»£è¡š
çå ·äœäŸãæãããããããã«éå®ããããã®ã§
ã¯ãªãã
ãåã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåŒã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãããäžè¬åŒããã§ç€ºãããïœâããšãã¬ã³
ãžã¢ãã³èªå°äœã¯ææ©é žåã³ç¡æ©é žã®å¡©ãšããŠçš
ããããšãã§ããäŸãã°å¡©é žå¡©ãç¡«é žå¡©ãçé ž
å¡©ãïœâãã«ãšã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žå¡©ãäºç¡«é žå¡©ãã·ãŠ
ãŠé žå¡©ããã³ãŒã³ãžã¹ã«ãã³é žå¡©çãçšããããš
ãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠã¯ããããåèšäžè¬åŒããã§
瀺ãããïœâããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³èªå°äœã®äžã§ã
R2åã³ïŒãŸãã¯R4ãïŒïŒââCH2ïŒn1ââïŒn2ââR5
ïŒm1ïŒ
m2åã³R5ã¯åèšãšå矩ãïŒã§ç€ºããããã®ã§ãã
éã«ããšãããæ¬çºæã®å¹æãè¯å¥œã«å¥ããã ãããã®çºè²çŸåäž»è¬ã¯äžè¬ã«çŸå液ïŒã«ã€
ããŠçŽ0.1ïœãçŽ30ïœã®æ¿åºŠãæŽã«å¥œãŸããã¯çŸ
å液ïŒã«ã€ããŠçŽïŒïœãçŽ15ïœã®æ¿åºŠã§äœ¿çšã
ãã ãŸããäžèšçºè²çŸåäž»è¬ã¯åç¬ã§ãããã¯äºçš®
以äžäœµçšããŠçšããŠããããããã«ãŸããäžèšçº
è²çŸåäž»è¬ã¯ã«ã©ãŒæå ææäžã«å èµãããŠãã
ããäŸãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±3719492å·ã®åŠãçºè²çŸåäž»
è¬ãéå±å¡©ã«ããŠå èµãããæ¹æ³ãç±³åœç¹èš±
3342559å·ããªãµãŒãã»ãã€ã¹ã¯ããŒãžã€ãŒ
ïŒResearch DisclosureïŒ1976幎No.15159ã«ç€ºãã
ããåŠããã·ããå¡©ã«ããŠçºè²çŸåäž»è¬ãå èµã
ããæ¹æ³ãç¹éæ58â65429å·åã³å58â24137å·
çã«ç€ºããããåŠãè²çŽ ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãšããŠå èµ
ãããæ¹æ³ããç±³åœç¹èš±3342597å·ã«ç€ºãããã
åŠãçºè²çŸåäž»è¬ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãšããŠå èµããã
æ¹æ³çãçšããããšãã§ããããã®å Žåãããã²
ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææãçºè²çŸå液ã®ããã
ã«ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ¶²ïŒã¢ã¯ãããŒã¿ãŒæ¶²ïŒã§åŠçããã
ãšãå¯èœã§ãããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ¶²ã®åŸãçŽã¡ã«æŒçœå®
çåŠçãããã æ¬çºæã®ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã¯ã
ã«ãã©ãŒãæå ææäžã«å«ãŸããŠããå åŒçŸåæ¹
åŒïŒç±³åœç¹èš±2376679å·ãå2801171å·ïŒã®ã»ãã
ã«ãã©ãŒãçŸå液äžã«å«ãŸããŠããå€åŒçŸåæ¹åŒ
ïŒç±³åœç¹èš±2252718å·ãå2592243å·ãå2590970
å·ïŒã®ãã®ã§ãã€ãŠãããããŸãã«ãã©ãŒã¯åœæ¥
çã§äžè¬ã«ç¥ãããŠããä»»æã®ãã®ã䜿çšã§ã
ããäŸãã°ã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠã¯ãããããŒã«
ãããã¯ããšããŒã«æ§é ãåºæ¬ãšããã«ãããªã³
ã°ã«ããã€ã³ãã¢ããªã³è²çŽ ã圢æãããã®ãã
ãŒã³ã¿ã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠã¯æŽ»æ§ã¡ãã¬ã³åºãæãã
ïŒâãã©ãŸãã³ç°ãéªšæ Œæ§é ãšããŠæãããã®ã
ã€ãšããŒã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠã¯æŽ»æ§ã¡ãã¬ã³éãæã
ããã³ãŸã€ã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ãã©ã€ãããããªã«ã¢ã»ã
ã¢ãã©ã€ããã¢ã·ã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ãã©ã€ãæ§é ã®ãã®
ãªã©ã§ã«ãããªã³ã°äœçœ®ã«çœ®æåºãæãããã®ã
æããªããã®ã®ãããã䜿çšã§ããããã®ããã«
ã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠã¯ãæè¬ïŒåœéåã«ãã©ãŒããã³
ïŒåœéåã«ãã©ãŒã®ãããããé©çšã§ããã ããããªãããæ¬çºæã«ãããŠã¯äžèšã·ã¢ã³ã«
ãã©ãŒã®äžã§ããäžèšäžè¬åŒãããããåã¯
ããã§ç€ºãããã«ãã©ãŒãçºè²çŸååŸãçŽæ¥ã«
æŒçœå®ç液ã§åŠçããéã®æŒçœå®ç液ã§çããã·
ã¢ã³ã¹ãã€ã³ãæå¶ããããã«ããšããã奜ãŸã
ãçšããããã äžè¬åŒ 
ãžã¢ãã³èªå°äœã¯ææ©é žåã³ç¡æ©é žã®å¡©ãšããŠçš
ããããšãã§ããäŸãã°å¡©é žå¡©ãç¡«é žå¡©ãçé ž
å¡©ãïœâãã«ãšã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žå¡©ãäºç¡«é žå¡©ãã·ãŠ
ãŠé žå¡©ããã³ãŒã³ãžã¹ã«ãã³é žå¡©çãçšããããš
ãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠã¯ããããåèšäžè¬åŒããã§
瀺ãããïœâããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³èªå°äœã®äžã§ã
R2åã³ïŒãŸãã¯R4ãïŒïŒââCH2ïŒn1ââïŒn2ââR5
ïŒm1ïŒ
m2åã³R5ã¯åèšãšå矩ãïŒã§ç€ºããããã®ã§ãã
éã«ããšãããæ¬çºæã®å¹æãè¯å¥œã«å¥ããã ãããã®çºè²çŸåäž»è¬ã¯äžè¬ã«çŸå液ïŒã«ã€
ããŠçŽ0.1ïœãçŽ30ïœã®æ¿åºŠãæŽã«å¥œãŸããã¯çŸ
å液ïŒã«ã€ããŠçŽïŒïœãçŽ15ïœã®æ¿åºŠã§äœ¿çšã
ãã ãŸããäžèšçºè²çŸåäž»è¬ã¯åç¬ã§ãããã¯äºçš®
以äžäœµçšããŠçšããŠããããããã«ãŸããäžèšçº
è²çŸåäž»è¬ã¯ã«ã©ãŒæå ææäžã«å èµãããŠãã
ããäŸãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±3719492å·ã®åŠãçºè²çŸåäž»
è¬ãéå±å¡©ã«ããŠå èµãããæ¹æ³ãç±³åœç¹èš±
3342559å·ããªãµãŒãã»ãã€ã¹ã¯ããŒãžã€ãŒ
ïŒResearch DisclosureïŒ1976幎No.15159ã«ç€ºãã
ããåŠããã·ããå¡©ã«ããŠçºè²çŸåäž»è¬ãå èµã
ããæ¹æ³ãç¹éæ58â65429å·åã³å58â24137å·
çã«ç€ºããããåŠãè²çŽ ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãšããŠå èµ
ãããæ¹æ³ããç±³åœç¹èš±3342597å·ã«ç€ºãããã
åŠãçºè²çŸåäž»è¬ãã¬ã«ãŒãµãŒãšããŠå èµããã
æ¹æ³çãçšããããšãã§ããããã®å Žåãããã²
ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææãçºè²çŸå液ã®ããã
ã«ã¢ã«ã«ãªæ¶²ïŒã¢ã¯ãããŒã¿ãŒæ¶²ïŒã§åŠçããã
ãšãå¯èœã§ãããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ¶²ã®åŸãçŽã¡ã«æŒçœå®
çåŠçãããã æ¬çºæã®ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã¯ã
ã«ãã©ãŒãæå ææäžã«å«ãŸããŠããå åŒçŸåæ¹
åŒïŒç±³åœç¹èš±2376679å·ãå2801171å·ïŒã®ã»ãã
ã«ãã©ãŒãçŸå液äžã«å«ãŸããŠããå€åŒçŸåæ¹åŒ
ïŒç±³åœç¹èš±2252718å·ãå2592243å·ãå2590970
å·ïŒã®ãã®ã§ãã€ãŠãããããŸãã«ãã©ãŒã¯åœæ¥
çã§äžè¬ã«ç¥ãããŠããä»»æã®ãã®ã䜿çšã§ã
ããäŸãã°ã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠã¯ãããããŒã«
ãããã¯ããšããŒã«æ§é ãåºæ¬ãšããã«ãããªã³
ã°ã«ããã€ã³ãã¢ããªã³è²çŽ ã圢æãããã®ãã
ãŒã³ã¿ã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠã¯æŽ»æ§ã¡ãã¬ã³åºãæãã
ïŒâãã©ãŸãã³ç°ãéªšæ Œæ§é ãšããŠæãããã®ã
ã€ãšããŒã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠã¯æŽ»æ§ã¡ãã¬ã³éãæã
ããã³ãŸã€ã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ãã©ã€ãããããªã«ã¢ã»ã
ã¢ãã©ã€ããã¢ã·ã«ã¢ã»ãã¢ãã©ã€ãæ§é ã®ãã®
ãªã©ã§ã«ãããªã³ã°äœçœ®ã«çœ®æåºãæãããã®ã
æããªããã®ã®ãããã䜿çšã§ããããã®ããã«
ã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠã¯ãæè¬ïŒåœéåã«ãã©ãŒããã³
ïŒåœéåã«ãã©ãŒã®ãããããé©çšã§ããã ããããªãããæ¬çºæã«ãããŠã¯äžèšã·ã¢ã³ã«
ãã©ãŒã®äžã§ããäžèšäžè¬åŒãããããåã¯
ããã§ç€ºãããã«ãã©ãŒãçºè²çŸååŸãçŽæ¥ã«
æŒçœå®ç液ã§åŠçããéã®æŒçœå®ç液ã§çããã·
ã¢ã³ã¹ãã€ã³ãæå¶ããããã«ããšããã奜ãŸã
ãçšããããã äžè¬åŒ 
ãåŒã
åŒäžãR20åã³R21ã¯äžæ¹ãæ°ŽçŽ ååã§ããã
ä»æ¹ãå°ãªããšãççŽ æ°ïŒã12ã®çŽéåã¯åå²ã®
ã¢ã«ãã«åºã§ãããã¯æ°ŽçŽ åååã¯çºè²çŸåäž»
è¬ã®é žåäœãšã®ã«ããªã³ã°åå¿ã«ããé¢è±ããã
åºãè¡šããR22ã¯ãã©ã¹ãåºãè¡šãã äžè¬åŒ 
ä»æ¹ãå°ãªããšãççŽ æ°ïŒã12ã®çŽéåã¯åå²ã®
ã¢ã«ãã«åºã§ãããã¯æ°ŽçŽ åååã¯çºè²çŸåäž»
è¬ã®é žåäœãšã®ã«ããªã³ã°åå¿ã«ããé¢è±ããã
åºãè¡šããR22ã¯ãã©ã¹ãåºãè¡šãã äžè¬åŒ 
ãåŒã
äžè¬åŒ 
ãåŒã
åŒäžãã¯âCOR24ã
ãåŒãâSO2R24ã
ãåŒã
ãåŒãâCONHCOR24ãŸãã¯â
CONHSO2R24
ïŒäœãR24ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ã±ãã«åºãã·ã¯
ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯ãããç°åºãè¡š
ããR25ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ã±ãã«
åºãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯ããã
ç°åºãè¡šããR24ãšR25ãšãäºãã«çµåããŠïŒã
ïŒå¡ã®ãããç°ã圢æããŠããããïŒãè¡šãã
R23ã¯ãã©ã¹ãåºãè¡šããã¯æ°ŽçŽ åååã¯çºè²
çŸåäž»è¬ã®é žåäœãšã®ã«ããªã³ã°åå¿ã«ããé¢è±
ãããåºãè¡šãã æ¬çºæã«ä¿ãã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒã¯åèšäžè¬åŒ
ãã§è¡šãããšãã§ãããã該äžè¬åŒ
ã«ã€ããŠæŽã«èª¬æããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠãåèšäžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã®R21ã
R20ã§è¡šãããççŽ æ°ïŒã12ã®çŽéåã¯åå²ã®ã¢
ã«ãã«åºã¯ãäŸãã°ãšãã«åºããããã«åºããã
ã«åºã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã«ãããŠãR22ã§è¡šããããã©ã¹
ãåºã¯ãã«ãã©ãŒãé©çšãããå±€ããã«ãã©ãŒã
å®è³ªçã«ä»å±€ã«åæ£ã§ããªãããã«ããã®ã«åå
ãªããã°ããã«ãã©ãŒã«äžãããšããã®å€§ãããš
圢ç¶ãæããææ©åºã§ããã代衚çãªãã©ã¹ãåº
ãšããŠã¯ãå šççŽ æ°ïŒã32ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºåã¯ã¢ãª
ãŒã«åºãæãããããã奜ãŸããã¯å šççŽ æ°13ã
28ã§ããããããã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºãšã¢ãªãŒã«åºã¯çœ®
æåºãæããŠãããããã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºã®çœ®æåºãš
ããŠã¯ãäŸãã°ã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºãã¢ã«ã³
ãã·åºãã¢ãªã«ãªãã·åºãã«ã«ããã·åºãã¢ã·ã«
åºããšã¹ãã«åºãããããã·åºãã·ã¢ãåºããã
ãåºãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºãã«ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºãã¢ã«
ãã«ããªåºãã¢ãªãŒã«ããªåºãã¹ã«ããã«åºãã¹
ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºãã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºãããã²ã³ã
æãããããŸãã¢ã«ãã«åºã®çœ®æåºãšããŠã¯ãã¢
ã«ãã«åºãé€ãåèšã¢ãªãŒã«åºã«æãã眮æåºã
æããããã 該ãã©ã¹ãåºãšããŠã¯å¥œãŸãããã®ã¯äžèšäžè¬
åŒã§è¡šããããã®ã§ããã
ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯ãããç°åºãè¡š
ããR25ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ã«ã±ãã«
åºãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯ããã
ç°åºãè¡šããR24ãšR25ãšãäºãã«çµåããŠïŒã
ïŒå¡ã®ãããç°ã圢æããŠããããïŒãè¡šãã
R23ã¯ãã©ã¹ãåºãè¡šããã¯æ°ŽçŽ åååã¯çºè²
çŸåäž»è¬ã®é žåäœãšã®ã«ããªã³ã°åå¿ã«ããé¢è±
ãããåºãè¡šãã æ¬çºæã«ä¿ãã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒã¯åèšäžè¬åŒ
ãã§è¡šãããšãã§ãããã該äžè¬åŒ
ã«ã€ããŠæŽã«èª¬æããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠãåèšäžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã®R21ã
R20ã§è¡šãããççŽ æ°ïŒã12ã®çŽéåã¯åå²ã®ã¢
ã«ãã«åºã¯ãäŸãã°ãšãã«åºããããã«åºããã
ã«åºã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã«ãããŠãR22ã§è¡šããããã©ã¹
ãåºã¯ãã«ãã©ãŒãé©çšãããå±€ããã«ãã©ãŒã
å®è³ªçã«ä»å±€ã«åæ£ã§ããªãããã«ããã®ã«åå
ãªããã°ããã«ãã©ãŒã«äžãããšããã®å€§ãããš
圢ç¶ãæããææ©åºã§ããã代衚çãªãã©ã¹ãåº
ãšããŠã¯ãå šççŽ æ°ïŒã32ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºåã¯ã¢ãª
ãŒã«åºãæãããããã奜ãŸããã¯å šççŽ æ°13ã
28ã§ããããããã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºãšã¢ãªãŒã«åºã¯çœ®
æåºãæããŠãããããã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºã®çœ®æåºãš
ããŠã¯ãäŸãã°ã¢ã«ãã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºãã¢ã«ã³
ãã·åºãã¢ãªã«ãªãã·åºãã«ã«ããã·åºãã¢ã·ã«
åºããšã¹ãã«åºãããããã·åºãã·ã¢ãåºããã
ãåºãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºãã«ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºãã¢ã«
ãã«ããªåºãã¢ãªãŒã«ããªåºãã¹ã«ããã«åºãã¹
ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºãã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«åºãããã²ã³ã
æãããããŸãã¢ã«ãã«åºã®çœ®æåºãšããŠã¯ãã¢
ã«ãã«åºãé€ãåèšã¢ãªãŒã«åºã«æãã眮æåºã
æããããã 該ãã©ã¹ãåºãšããŠã¯å¥œãŸãããã®ã¯äžèšäžè¬
åŒã§è¡šããããã®ã§ããã
ãåŒã
R42ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã12ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºãè¡šããArã¯
ããšãã«åºçã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãè¡šãããã®ã¢ãªãŒã«
åºã¯çœ®æåºãæããŠããŠãããã眮æåºãšããŠ
ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãããããã·åºãããã²ã³ååã
ã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºçãæããããããæ
ã奜ãŸããã®ã¯ïœâããã«åºçã®åå²ã®ã¢ã«ãã«
åºãæããããã åèšäžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã§ïŒžã«ããå®çŸ©ãããçºè²çŸ
åäž»è¬ã®é žåäœãšã®ã«ããªã³ã°ã§é¢è±ãããåº
ã¯ãåœæ¥è ã«ããç¥ãããŠããããã«ãã«ãã©ãŒ
ã®åœéæ°ã決å®ãããšå ±ã«ãã«ããªã³ã°ã®åå¿æ§
ãå·Šå³ããã代衚äŸãšããŠã¯ãå¡©çŽ ãããçŽ ã«ä»£
è¡šãããããã²ã³ãã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·åºã眮æåã¯
æªçœ®æã®ã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºãã¢ã·ã«ãªãã·åºãã¹ã«ã
ã³ã¢ããåºãã¢ãªãŒã«ããªåºããããã€ã«ããª
åºããããã€ã«ãªãã·åºãã¹ã«ããã«ãªãã·åºã
ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«ãªãã·åºçãæãããããããã«å ·
äœçãªäŸãšããŠã¯ãç¹éæ50â10135å·ãå50â
120334å·ãå50â130414å·ãå54â48237å·ãå
51â146828å·ãå54â14736å·ãå47â37425å·ã
å50â123341å·ãå58â95345å·ãç¹å ¬æ48â
36894å·ãç±³åœç¹èš±3476563å·ãå3737316å·ãå
3227551å·çã«èšèŒãããŠããåºãæããããã 次ã«äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœè¡šãããã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒã®äŸ
瀺ååç©ãæãããããããã«éå®ãããªãã該
äŸç€ºååç©ãšããŠã¯ãäžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã«ãããŠãäž
èšã®ããã«R21ããR22ãR20ãç¹å®ãããã®ã
æããããã
ããšãã«åºçã®ã¢ãªãŒã«åºãè¡šãããã®ã¢ãªãŒã«
åºã¯çœ®æåºãæããŠããŠãããã眮æåºãšããŠ
ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãããããã·åºãããã²ã³ååã
ã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºçãæããããããæ
ã奜ãŸããã®ã¯ïœâããã«åºçã®åå²ã®ã¢ã«ãã«
åºãæããããã åèšäžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã§ïŒžã«ããå®çŸ©ãããçºè²çŸ
åäž»è¬ã®é žåäœãšã®ã«ããªã³ã°ã§é¢è±ãããåº
ã¯ãåœæ¥è ã«ããç¥ãããŠããããã«ãã«ãã©ãŒ
ã®åœéæ°ã決å®ãããšå ±ã«ãã«ããªã³ã°ã®åå¿æ§
ãå·Šå³ããã代衚äŸãšããŠã¯ãå¡©çŽ ãããçŽ ã«ä»£
è¡šãããããã²ã³ãã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·åºã眮æåã¯
æªçœ®æã®ã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºãã¢ã·ã«ãªãã·åºãã¹ã«ã
ã³ã¢ããåºãã¢ãªãŒã«ããªåºããããã€ã«ããª
åºããããã€ã«ãªãã·åºãã¹ã«ããã«ãªãã·åºã
ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«ãªãã·åºçãæãããããããã«å ·
äœçãªäŸãšããŠã¯ãç¹éæ50â10135å·ãå50â
120334å·ãå50â130414å·ãå54â48237å·ãå
51â146828å·ãå54â14736å·ãå47â37425å·ã
å50â123341å·ãå58â95345å·ãç¹å ¬æ48â
36894å·ãç±³åœç¹èš±3476563å·ãå3737316å·ãå
3227551å·çã«èšèŒãããŠããåºãæããããã 次ã«äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœè¡šãããã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒã®äŸ
瀺ååç©ãæãããããããã«éå®ãããªãã該
äŸç€ºååç©ãšããŠã¯ãäžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã«ãããŠãäž
èšã®ããã«R21ããR22ãR20ãç¹å®ãããã®ã
æããããã
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
以äžã«æ¬çºæäŸç€ºååç©ã®åææ³ã瀺ãããä»
ã®äŸç€ºååç©ãåæ§ã®æ¹æ³ã«ããåæããããšã
ã§ããã äŸç€ºååç©ïŒ£âïŒã®åæäŸ ïŒ»(1)âïœïŒœ ïŒâãããâïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯ããâïŒ
âãšãã«ããšããŒã«ã®åæ ïŒâãããâïŒâãšãã«ããšããŒã«ã33ïœãæ²
çŽ 0.6ïœåã³å¡©å第ïŒé1.5ïœãæ°·é ¢é ž150mlã«æº¶
解ãããããã«40âã§ã¹ã«ããªã«ã¯ãã©ã€ã75ml
ãïŒæéã§æ»Žäžããã滎äžéäžã§çæããæ²æŸ±ã¯
ã¹ã«ããªã«ã¯ãã©ã€ã滎äžçµäºåŸãå ç±éæµãã
ããšã«ãããåå¿æº¶è§£ãããå ç±éæµã¯çŽïŒæé
ãèŠãããåå¿æ¶²ãæ°Žäžã«æ³šãçæããçµæ¶ã¯ã¡
ã¿ããŒã«ã«ããåçµæ¶ç²Ÿè£œããã(1)âïœã®ç¢ºèªã¯
æ žç£æ°å ±é³Žã¹ãã¯ãã«åã³å çŽ åæã«ããè¡ã€
ãã (1)âïœïŒœ ïŒâãããâïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯ããâïŒ
âãšãã«ããšããŒã«ã®åæ (1)âïœïŒœã®ååç©21.2ïœã300mlã®ã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«ã«æº¶è§£ããããã«è§Šåªéã®ã©ããŒããã±ã«ãå
ããåžžå§ã«ãŠæ°ŽçŽ åžåããªããªããŸã§æ°ŽçŽ ãéã
ããåå¿åŸã©ããŒããã±ã«ãé€å»ããã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«
æžå§ã«ãŠçå»ãããæ®æž£ã®ïŒ»(1)âïœïŒœã¯ç²Ÿè£œãã
ããšãªã次ã®ã¢ã·ã«åãè¡ã€ãã (1)âïœïŒœ ïŒïŒ»ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžâtertâã¢ã·ã«ããš
ããã·ïŒã¢ã»ãã¢ããâïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯ããâ
ïŒâãšãã«ããšããŒã«ã®åæ (1)âïœïŒœã§åŸãã¯ã«ãŒããªã¢ããäœ18.5ïœã
500mlã®æ°·é ¢é žãš16.7ïœã®é ¢é žãœãŒããããªãæ··
液ã«æº¶è§£ããããã«ïŒïŒïŒâãžâtertâã¢ã·ã«ã
ãšããã·é ¢é žã¯ããªã28.0ïœãé ¢é ž50mlã«æº¶è§£ã
ãé ¢é žæº¶æ¶²ã宀枩ã«ãŠæ»Žäžããã30åéã§æ»Žäž
ããæŽã«30åéæ¹æåŸãåå¿æ¶²ãæ°·æ°Žäžã«æ³šå ¥ã
ããçæããæ²æŸ±ãæ¿Ÿåãã也ç¥åŸãã¢ã»ããã
ãªã«ã«ãŠïŒååçµæ¶ãããšç®çç©ãåŸããããç®
çç©ã®ç¢ºèªã¯å çŽ åæåã³æ žç£æ°å ±é³Žã¹ãã¯ãã«
ã«ãŠè¡ã€ãã
ã®äŸç€ºååç©ãåæ§ã®æ¹æ³ã«ããåæããããšã
ã§ããã äŸç€ºååç©ïŒ£âïŒã®åæäŸ ïŒ»(1)âïœïŒœ ïŒâãããâïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯ããâïŒ
âãšãã«ããšããŒã«ã®åæ ïŒâãããâïŒâãšãã«ããšããŒã«ã33ïœãæ²
çŽ 0.6ïœåã³å¡©å第ïŒé1.5ïœãæ°·é ¢é ž150mlã«æº¶
解ãããããã«40âã§ã¹ã«ããªã«ã¯ãã©ã€ã75ml
ãïŒæéã§æ»Žäžããã滎äžéäžã§çæããæ²æŸ±ã¯
ã¹ã«ããªã«ã¯ãã©ã€ã滎äžçµäºåŸãå ç±éæµãã
ããšã«ãããåå¿æº¶è§£ãããå ç±éæµã¯çŽïŒæé
ãèŠãããåå¿æ¶²ãæ°Žäžã«æ³šãçæããçµæ¶ã¯ã¡
ã¿ããŒã«ã«ããåçµæ¶ç²Ÿè£œããã(1)âïœã®ç¢ºèªã¯
æ žç£æ°å ±é³Žã¹ãã¯ãã«åã³å çŽ åæã«ããè¡ã€
ãã (1)âïœïŒœ ïŒâãããâïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯ããâïŒ
âãšãã«ããšããŒã«ã®åæ (1)âïœïŒœã®ååç©21.2ïœã300mlã®ã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«ã«æº¶è§£ããããã«è§Šåªéã®ã©ããŒããã±ã«ãå
ããåžžå§ã«ãŠæ°ŽçŽ åžåããªããªããŸã§æ°ŽçŽ ãéã
ããåå¿åŸã©ããŒããã±ã«ãé€å»ããã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«
æžå§ã«ãŠçå»ãããæ®æž£ã®ïŒ»(1)âïœïŒœã¯ç²Ÿè£œãã
ããšãªã次ã®ã¢ã·ã«åãè¡ã€ãã (1)âïœïŒœ ïŒïŒ»ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžâtertâã¢ã·ã«ããš
ããã·ïŒã¢ã»ãã¢ããâïŒïŒïŒâãžã¯ããâ
ïŒâãšãã«ããšããŒã«ã®åæ (1)âïœïŒœã§åŸãã¯ã«ãŒããªã¢ããäœ18.5ïœã
500mlã®æ°·é ¢é žãš16.7ïœã®é ¢é žãœãŒããããªãæ··
液ã«æº¶è§£ããããã«ïŒïŒïŒâãžâtertâã¢ã·ã«ã
ãšããã·é ¢é žã¯ããªã28.0ïœãé ¢é ž50mlã«æº¶è§£ã
ãé ¢é žæº¶æ¶²ã宀枩ã«ãŠæ»Žäžããã30åéã§æ»Žäž
ããæŽã«30åéæ¹æåŸãåå¿æ¶²ãæ°·æ°Žäžã«æ³šå ¥ã
ããçæããæ²æŸ±ãæ¿Ÿåãã也ç¥åŸãã¢ã»ããã
ãªã«ã«ãŠïŒååçµæ¶ãããšç®çç©ãåŸããããç®
çç©ã®ç¢ºèªã¯å çŽ åæåã³æ žç£æ°å ±é³Žã¹ãã¯ãã«
ã«ãŠè¡ã€ãã
ãè¡šã
次ã«ãæ¬çºæã«çšããããäžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœãŸãã¯
ã§ç€ºãããã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒã«ã€ããŠèª¬æã
ããåèšäžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã³ïŒ»ïŒœã«ãããŠã
ã¯ãâCOR24ã
ã§ç€ºãããã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒã«ã€ããŠèª¬æã
ããåèšäžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã³ïŒ»ïŒœã«ãããŠã
ã¯ãâCOR24ã
ãåŒãâSO2R24ã
ãåŒã
ãåŒãâCONHCOR24ãŸãã¯â
CONHSO2R24
ã§è¡šãããåºã§ãããäœãR24ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºã奜
ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ã
ã«ããšãã«ãïœâããã«ãããã·ã«ã®ååºçïŒã
ã¢ã«ã±ãã«åºå¥œããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ã±ãã«
åºïŒã¢ãªã«åºãããã¿ãã»ãã«åºçïŒãã·ã¯ãã¢
ã«ãã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãïŒå¡ç°ã®ãã®ïŒäŸãã°
ã·ã¯ãããã·ã«çïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒäŸãã°ããšã
ã«åºãããªã«åºããããã«åºçïŒããããç°åºã
奜ãŸããã¯çªçŽ ååãé žçŽ ååãããã¯ã€ãªãŠå
åãïŒãïŒåå«ãïŒå¡ãïŒå¡ç°ã®ãããç°åºïŒäŸ
ãã°ããªã«åºãããšãã«åºããã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãªã«åº
çïŒãè¡šããR25ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãããã¯R24ã§è¡šã
ããåºãè¡šããR24ãšR25ãšäºãã«çµåããŠïŒã
ïŒå¡ã®ãããç°ã圢æããŠãããããªããR22å
ã³R23ã«ã¯ä»»æã®çœ®æåºãå°å ¥ããããšãã§ãã
äŸãã°ççŽ æ°ïŒã10ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ã
ã«ãïœâãããã«ãïœâããã«ãïœâããã«ãïœ
âãªã¯ãã«çïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒäŸãã°ããšãã«ã
ãããã«çïŒãããã²ã³ååïŒããçŽ ãå¡©çŽ ãè
çŽ çïŒãã·ã¢ããããããã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºïŒäŸ
ãã°ã¡ã¿ã³ã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããããã¿ã³ã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ã
ããïœâãã«ãšã³ã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããçïŒãã¹ã«ãã¢
ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ãã«ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«ãããšã
ã«ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«çïŒãã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡
ã¿ã³ã¹ã«ããã«ãïœâãã«ãšã³ã¹ã«ããã«çïŒã
ãã«ãªãã¹ã«ããã«åºãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºïŒäŸãã°
ãžã¡ãã«ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«ãããšãã«ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«
çïŒããªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºïŒäŸãã°ãšããã·ã«ã«
ããã«ãããšããã·ã«ã«ããã«çïŒãã¢ã·ã«åº
ïŒïŒäŸãã°ã¢ã»ãã«ããã³ãŸã€ã«çïŒããããç°åº
ïŒäŸãã°ããªãžã«åºããã©ãŸãªã«åºçïŒãã¢ã«ã³ã
ã·åºãã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·åºãã¢ã·ã«ãªãã·åºçãæ
ããããšãã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã³äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã«ãããŠãR23
ã¯äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã³äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã§è¡šãããã·ã¢
ã³ã«ãã©ãŒåã³è©²ã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒãã圢æããã
ã·ã¢ã³è²çŽ ã«èæ¡æ£æ§ãä»äžããã®ã«å¿ èŠãªãã©
ã¹ãåºãè¡šãã奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ã®ã¢ã«ã
ã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯ãããç°åºã§ãããäŸã
ã°çŽéåã¯åå²ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒäŸãã°ïœâãã
ã«ãïœâãªã¯ãã«ãïœâãªã¯ãã«ãïœâããã·ã«
çïŒãã¢ã«ã±ãã«åºãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãïŒå¡ã
ããã¯ïŒå¡ç°ãããç°åºçãæããããã äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã³äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã«ãããŠãã¯
æ°ŽçŽ åååã¯ïŒ®âããããã·ã¢ã«ãã«çœ®æâïœâ
ããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³èªå°äœçŸåäž»è¬ã®é žåäœãšã®
ã«ããªã³ã°åå¿æã«é¢è±å¯èœãªåºãè¡šããäŸã
ã°ãããã²ã³ååïŒäŸãã°å¡©çŽ ãèçŽ ãããçŽ
çïŒã眮æåã¯æªçœ®æã®ã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºãã¢ãªãŒã«
ãªãã·åºããããç°ãªãã·åºãã¢ã·ã«ãªãã·åºã
ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«ãªãã·åºãã¹ã«ããã«ãªãã·åºãã¢
ã«ãã«ããªåºãã¢ãªãŒã«ããªåºããããç°ããª
åºãã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºçãæããããæŽã«å ·äœç
ãªäŸãšããŠã¯ç±³åœç¹èš±3741563å·ãç¹éæ47â
37425å·ãç¹å ¬æ48â36894å·ãç¹éæ50â10135
å·ãå50â117422å·ãå50â130441å·ãå51â
108841å·ãå50â120343å·ãå52â18315å·ãå
53â105226å·ãå54â14736å·ãå54â48237å·ã
å55â32071å·ãå55â65957å·ãå56â1938å·ã
å56â12643å·ãå56â27147å·ãå59â146050
å·ãå59â166956å·ãå60â24547å·ãå60â
35731å·ãå60â37557å·çã«èšèŒãããŠãããã®
ãæããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠã¯åèšäžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœãŸãã¯
ã§è¡šãããã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒã®ãã¡ãäžèšäž
è¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœããã¯ïŒ»ïŒœã§è¡šãããã·ã¢ã³ã«
ãã©ãŒãæŽã«å¥œãŸããã äžè¬åŒ 
ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ã
ã«ããšãã«ãïœâããã«ãããã·ã«ã®ååºçïŒã
ã¢ã«ã±ãã«åºå¥œããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ã±ãã«
åºïŒã¢ãªã«åºãããã¿ãã»ãã«åºçïŒãã·ã¯ãã¢
ã«ãã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãïŒå¡ç°ã®ãã®ïŒäŸãã°
ã·ã¯ãããã·ã«çïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒäŸãã°ããšã
ã«åºãããªã«åºããããã«åºçïŒããããç°åºã
奜ãŸããã¯çªçŽ ååãé žçŽ ååãããã¯ã€ãªãŠå
åãïŒãïŒåå«ãïŒå¡ãïŒå¡ç°ã®ãããç°åºïŒäŸ
ãã°ããªã«åºãããšãã«åºããã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãªã«åº
çïŒãè¡šããR25ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãããã¯R24ã§è¡šã
ããåºãè¡šããR24ãšR25ãšäºãã«çµåããŠïŒã
ïŒå¡ã®ãããç°ã圢æããŠãããããªããR22å
ã³R23ã«ã¯ä»»æã®çœ®æåºãå°å ¥ããããšãã§ãã
äŸãã°ççŽ æ°ïŒã10ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ã
ã«ãïœâãããã«ãïœâããã«ãïœâããã«ãïœ
âãªã¯ãã«çïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒäŸãã°ããšãã«ã
ãããã«çïŒãããã²ã³ååïŒããçŽ ãå¡©çŽ ãè
çŽ çïŒãã·ã¢ããããããã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºïŒäŸ
ãã°ã¡ã¿ã³ã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããããã¿ã³ã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ã
ããïœâãã«ãšã³ã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããçïŒãã¹ã«ãã¢
ã¢ã€ã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ãã«ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«ãããšã
ã«ã¹ã«ãã¢ã¢ã€ã«çïŒãã¹ã«ããã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡
ã¿ã³ã¹ã«ããã«ãïœâãã«ãšã³ã¹ã«ããã«çïŒã
ãã«ãªãã¹ã«ããã«åºãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºïŒäŸãã°
ãžã¡ãã«ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«ãããšãã«ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«
çïŒããªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºïŒäŸãã°ãšããã·ã«ã«
ããã«ãããšããã·ã«ã«ããã«çïŒãã¢ã·ã«åº
ïŒïŒäŸãã°ã¢ã»ãã«ããã³ãŸã€ã«çïŒããããç°åº
ïŒäŸãã°ããªãžã«åºããã©ãŸãªã«åºçïŒãã¢ã«ã³ã
ã·åºãã¢ãªãŒã«ãªãã·åºãã¢ã·ã«ãªãã·åºçãæ
ããããšãã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã³äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã«ãããŠãR23
ã¯äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã³äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã§è¡šãããã·ã¢
ã³ã«ãã©ãŒåã³è©²ã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒãã圢æããã
ã·ã¢ã³è²çŽ ã«èæ¡æ£æ§ãä»äžããã®ã«å¿ èŠãªãã©
ã¹ãåºãè¡šãã奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã30ã®ã¢ã«ã
ã«åºãã¢ãªãŒã«åºãŸãã¯ãããç°åºã§ãããäŸã
ã°çŽéåã¯åå²ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒäŸãã°ïœâãã
ã«ãïœâãªã¯ãã«ãïœâãªã¯ãã«ãïœâããã·ã«
çïŒãã¢ã«ã±ãã«åºãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºãïŒå¡ã
ããã¯ïŒå¡ç°ãããç°åºçãæããããã äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã³äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã«ãããŠãã¯
æ°ŽçŽ åååã¯ïŒ®âããããã·ã¢ã«ãã«çœ®æâïœâ
ããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³èªå°äœçŸåäž»è¬ã®é žåäœãšã®
ã«ããªã³ã°åå¿æã«é¢è±å¯èœãªåºãè¡šããäŸã
ã°ãããã²ã³ååïŒäŸãã°å¡©çŽ ãèçŽ ãããçŽ
çïŒã眮æåã¯æªçœ®æã®ã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºãã¢ãªãŒã«
ãªãã·åºããããç°ãªãã·åºãã¢ã·ã«ãªãã·åºã
ã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«ãªãã·åºãã¹ã«ããã«ãªãã·åºãã¢
ã«ãã«ããªåºãã¢ãªãŒã«ããªåºããããç°ããª
åºãã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºçãæããããæŽã«å ·äœç
ãªäŸãšããŠã¯ç±³åœç¹èš±3741563å·ãç¹éæ47â
37425å·ãç¹å ¬æ48â36894å·ãç¹éæ50â10135
å·ãå50â117422å·ãå50â130441å·ãå51â
108841å·ãå50â120343å·ãå52â18315å·ãå
53â105226å·ãå54â14736å·ãå54â48237å·ã
å55â32071å·ãå55â65957å·ãå56â1938å·ã
å56â12643å·ãå56â27147å·ãå59â146050
å·ãå59â166956å·ãå60â24547å·ãå60â
35731å·ãå60â37557å·çã«èšèŒãããŠãããã®
ãæããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠã¯åèšäžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœãŸãã¯
ã§è¡šãããã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒã®ãã¡ãäžèšäž
è¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœããã¯ïŒ»ïŒœã§è¡šãããã·ã¢ã³ã«
ãã©ãŒãæŽã«å¥œãŸããã äžè¬åŒ 
ãåŒã
äžè¬åŒ 
ãåŒã
äžè¬åŒ 
ãåŒã
äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã«ãããŠãR43ã¯çœ®æãæªçœ®æã®
ã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã¯ããšãã«åºïŒã§ã
ãã該ã¢ãªãŒã«åºã眮æåºãæããå Žåã®çœ®æåº
ãšããŠã¯ãSO2R46ãããã²ã³ååïŒããçŽ ãå¡©
çŽ ãèçŽ çïŒãâCF3ãâNO2ãâCNãâCOR46ãâ
COOR46ãâSO2OR46ã
ã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã¯ããšãã«åºïŒã§ã
ãã該ã¢ãªãŒã«åºã眮æåºãæããå Žåã®çœ®æåº
ãšããŠã¯ãSO2R46ãããã²ã³ååïŒããçŽ ãå¡©
çŽ ãèçŽ çïŒãâCF3ãâNO2ãâCNãâCOR46ãâ
COOR46ãâSO2OR46ã
ãåŒãâOR46ãâ
OCOR46ã
ãåŒãåã³
ãåŒã
ããéžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒã€ã®çœ®æåºãå
å«ãã
ãã ããã§ãR46ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºã奜ããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒ
ã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ãã«ããšãã«ãtert
âããã«ãããã·ã«ã®ååºçïŒãã¢ã«ã±ãã«åºã
奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ã±ãã«åºïŒã¢ãªã«
åºãããã¿ãã»ãã«åºçïŒãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºã
奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãïŒå¡ç°åºïŒäŸãã°ã·ã¯ãããã·ã«
çïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒäŸãã°ããšãã«åºãããªã«åºã
ãããã«åºçïŒãè¡šããR47ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãããã¯
R46ã§è¡šãããåºã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã§è¡šãããæ¬çºæã®ã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©
ãŒã®å¥œé©ãªååç©ã¯ãR43ã眮æãªããæªçœ®æã®
ããšãã«åºã§ãããããšãã«åºãžã®çœ®æåºãšããŠ
ã·ã¢ããããããâSO2R48ïŒR48ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒã
ããã²ã³ååãããªãã«ãªãã¡ãã«ã§ãããããª
ååç©ã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã³ïŒ»ïŒœã«ãããŠãR44ãR45
ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ã
ã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ãã«ããšãã«ãtertâããã«ãã
ãã·ã«ã®ååºçïŒãã¢ã«ã±ãã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯ç
çŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ã±ãã«åºïŒã¢ãªã«åºããªã¬ã€ã«
åºçïŒãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãïŒå¡
ç°åºïŒäŸãã°ã·ã¯ãããã·ã«çïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åº
ïŒäŸãã°ããšãã«åºãããªã«åºããããã«åºçïŒã
ãããç°åºïŒäŸãã°çªçŽ ååãé žçŽ ååãããã
ã¯ã€ãªãŠååãïŒãïŒåå«ãïŒå¡ãïŒå¡ç°ã®ãã
ãç°ã奜ãŸãããäŸãã°ããªã«åºãããšãã«åºã
ãã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãªã«åºçãæãããããïŒãè¡šãã åèšR46ãR47åã³äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã³ïŒ»ïŒœã®
R44ãR45ã«ã¯ãããã«ä»»æã®çœ®æåºãå°å ¥ãã
ããšãã§ããå ·äœçã«ã¯ãäžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã³
ã«ãããŠR24ãŸãã¯R25ã«å°å ¥ããããšã®ã§
ãããåŠã眮æåºã§ããããããŠçœ®æåºãšããŠã¯
ç¹ã«ããã²ã³ååïŒå¡©çŽ ååãããçŽ ååçïŒã
奜ãŸããã äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœããŸãã¯ïŒ»ïŒœãããŠïŒºåã³
R23ã¯åã äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã³ïŒ»ïŒœãšåæ§ã®æå³
ãæããŠãããR23ã§è¡šããããã©ã¹ãåºã®å¥œãŸ
ããäŸã¯ãäžèšäžè¬åŒïŒ»XIã§è¡šãããåºã§ã
ãã äžè¬åŒ XI
ãã ããã§ãR46ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºã奜ããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒ
ã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ãã«ããšãã«ãtert
âããã«ãããã·ã«ã®ååºçïŒãã¢ã«ã±ãã«åºã
奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ã±ãã«åºïŒã¢ãªã«
åºãããã¿ãã»ãã«åºçïŒãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºã
奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãïŒå¡ç°åºïŒäŸãã°ã·ã¯ãããã·ã«
çïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒäŸãã°ããšãã«åºãããªã«åºã
ãããã«åºçïŒãè¡šããR47ã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãããã¯
R46ã§è¡šãããåºã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœã§è¡šãããæ¬çºæã®ã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©
ãŒã®å¥œé©ãªååç©ã¯ãR43ã眮æãªããæªçœ®æã®
ããšãã«åºã§ãããããšãã«åºãžã®çœ®æåºãšããŠ
ã·ã¢ããããããâSO2R48ïŒR48ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒã
ããã²ã³ååãããªãã«ãªãã¡ãã«ã§ãããããª
ååç©ã§ããã äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã³ïŒ»ïŒœã«ãããŠãR44ãR45
ã¯ã¢ã«ãã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ã
ã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ãã«ããšãã«ãtertâããã«ãã
ãã·ã«ã®ååºçïŒãã¢ã«ã±ãã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯ç
çŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ã±ãã«åºïŒã¢ãªã«åºããªã¬ã€ã«
åºçïŒãã·ã¯ãã¢ã«ãã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãïŒå¡
ç°åºïŒäŸãã°ã·ã¯ãããã·ã«çïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åº
ïŒäŸãã°ããšãã«åºãããªã«åºããããã«åºçïŒã
ãããç°åºïŒäŸãã°çªçŽ ååãé žçŽ ååãããã
ã¯ã€ãªãŠååãïŒãïŒåå«ãïŒå¡ãïŒå¡ç°ã®ãã
ãç°ã奜ãŸãããäŸãã°ããªã«åºãããšãã«åºã
ãã³ãŸãã¢ãŸãªã«åºçãæãããããïŒãè¡šãã åèšR46ãR47åã³äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã³ïŒ»ïŒœã®
R44ãR45ã«ã¯ãããã«ä»»æã®çœ®æåºãå°å ¥ãã
ããšãã§ããå ·äœçã«ã¯ãäžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã³
ã«ãããŠR24ãŸãã¯R25ã«å°å ¥ããããšã®ã§
ãããåŠã眮æåºã§ããããããŠçœ®æåºãšããŠã¯
ç¹ã«ããã²ã³ååïŒå¡©çŽ ååãããçŽ ååçïŒã
奜ãŸããã äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœããŸãã¯ïŒ»ïŒœãããŠïŒºåã³
R23ã¯åã äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã³ïŒ»ïŒœãšåæ§ã®æå³
ãæããŠãããR23ã§è¡šããããã©ã¹ãåºã®å¥œãŸ
ããäŸã¯ãäžèšäžè¬åŒïŒ»XIã§è¡šãããåºã§ã
ãã äžè¬åŒ XI
ãåŒã
åŒäžãã¯é
žçŽ ååãç¡«é»åååã¯ã¹ã«ããã«
åºãè¡šããã¯ïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ãè¡šããïœã¯ïŒåã¯
ïŒã瀺ãããïŒä»¥äžã®å ŽåïŒã€ä»¥äžååšãã
R50ã¯åäžã§ãç°ãªã€ãŠããŠããããR49ã¯ççŽ
æ°ïŒã20ã®çŽéåã¯åå²ãåã³ã¢ãªãŒã«åºçã®çœ®
æããã¢ã«ãã¬ã³åºãè¡šããR50ã¯äžäŸ¡ã®åºãè¡š
ãã奜ãŸããã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãããã²ã³ååïŒäŸãã°
ã¯ãã ãããã ïŒãã¢ã«ãã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯çŽé
åã¯åå²ã®ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡
ãã«ãïœâããã«ãïœâãã³ãã«ãïœâãªã¯ã
ã«ãããã·ã«ããã³ã¿ãã·ã«ããã³ãžã«ãããšã
ãã«çã®ååºïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒäŸãã°ããšãã«
åºïŒãè€çŽ ç°åºïŒäŸãã°å«æããçŽ è€çŽ ç°åºïŒã¢
ã«ã³ãã·åºã奜ãŸããã¯çŽéåã¯åå²ã®ççŽ æ°ïŒ
ã20ã®ã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ããã·ããšãã
ã·ãïœâããã«ãªãã·ããªã¯ãã«ãªãã·ããã·ã«
ãªãã·ãããã·ã«ãªãã·çã®ååºïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«ãª
ãã·åºïŒäŸãã°ããšããã·åºïŒãããããã·åºã
ã¢ã·ã«ãªãã·åºã奜ãŸããã¯ã¢ã«ãã«ã«ã«ããã«
ãªãã·åºãã¢ãªãŒã«ã«ã«ããã«ãªãã·åºïŒäŸãã°
ã¢ã»ããªãã·åºããã³ãŸã€ã«ãªãã·åºïŒãã«ã«ã
ãã·ãã¢ã«ãã«ãªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯
ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®çŽéåã¯åå²ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã«ã«ãã
ã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯ããšããã·ã«ã«ããã«åºãã¢ã«
ãã«ããªåºã奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã·ã«
åºã奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®çŽéåã¯åå²ã®ã¢
ã«ãã«ã«ã«ããã«åºãã¢ã·ã«ã¢ããåºã奜ãŸãã
ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®çŽéåã¯åå²ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã«ã«ã
ã¢ããåºããã³ãŒã³ã«ã«ãã¢ããåºãã¹ã«ãã³ã¢
ããåºã奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®çŽéåã¯åå²
ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºåã¯ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ã
ã³ã¢ããåºãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°
ïŒã20ã®çŽéåã¯åå²ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ããã«ã«ãã
ã«åºåã¯ããšãã«ã¢ããã«ã«ããã«åºãã¹ã«ãã¢
ã¢ã€ã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®çŽéåã¯å
å²ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ããã¹ã«ããã«åºåã¯ããšãã«ã¢
ããã¹ã«ããã«åºçãè¡šãã 次ã«äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã¯ïŒ»ïŒœã§è¡šãããã·ã¢ã³
ã«ãã©ãŒã®å ·äœçãªååç©äŸã瀺ããããããã«
éå®ãããªãã ãäŸç€ºååç©ã
åºãè¡šããã¯ïŒãïŒã®æŽæ°ãè¡šããïœã¯ïŒåã¯
ïŒã瀺ãããïŒä»¥äžã®å ŽåïŒã€ä»¥äžååšãã
R50ã¯åäžã§ãç°ãªã€ãŠããŠããããR49ã¯ççŽ
æ°ïŒã20ã®çŽéåã¯åå²ãåã³ã¢ãªãŒã«åºçã®çœ®
æããã¢ã«ãã¬ã³åºãè¡šããR50ã¯äžäŸ¡ã®åºãè¡š
ãã奜ãŸããã¯æ°ŽçŽ ååãããã²ã³ååïŒäŸãã°
ã¯ãã ãããã ïŒãã¢ã«ãã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯çŽé
åã¯åå²ã®ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã«ãã«åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡
ãã«ãïœâããã«ãïœâãã³ãã«ãïœâãªã¯ã
ã«ãããã·ã«ããã³ã¿ãã·ã«ããã³ãžã«ãããšã
ãã«çã®ååºïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«åºïŒäŸãã°ããšãã«
åºïŒãè€çŽ ç°åºïŒäŸãã°å«æããçŽ è€çŽ ç°åºïŒã¢
ã«ã³ãã·åºã奜ãŸããã¯çŽéåã¯åå²ã®ççŽ æ°ïŒ
ã20ã®ã¢ã«ã³ãã·åºïŒäŸãã°ã¡ããã·ããšãã
ã·ãïœâããã«ãªãã·ããªã¯ãã«ãªãã·ããã·ã«
ãªãã·ãããã·ã«ãªãã·çã®ååºïŒãã¢ãªãŒã«ãª
ãã·åºïŒäŸãã°ããšããã·åºïŒãããããã·åºã
ã¢ã·ã«ãªãã·åºã奜ãŸããã¯ã¢ã«ãã«ã«ã«ããã«
ãªãã·åºãã¢ãªãŒã«ã«ã«ããã«ãªãã·åºïŒäŸãã°
ã¢ã»ããªãã·åºããã³ãŸã€ã«ãªãã·åºïŒãã«ã«ã
ãã·ãã¢ã«ãã«ãªãã·ã«ã«ããã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯
ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®çŽéåã¯åå²ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã«ã«ãã
ã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯ããšããã·ã«ã«ããã«åºãã¢ã«
ãã«ããªåºã奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®ã¢ã·ã«
åºã奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®çŽéåã¯åå²ã®ã¢
ã«ãã«ã«ã«ããã«åºãã¢ã·ã«ã¢ããåºã奜ãŸãã
ã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®çŽéåã¯åå²ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã«ã«ã
ã¢ããåºããã³ãŒã³ã«ã«ãã¢ããåºãã¹ã«ãã³ã¢
ããåºã奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®çŽéåã¯åå²
ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¹ã«ãã³ã¢ããåºåã¯ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ã
ã³ã¢ããåºãã«ã«ãã¢ã€ã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°
ïŒã20ã®çŽéåã¯åå²ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ããã«ã«ãã
ã«åºåã¯ããšãã«ã¢ããã«ã«ããã«åºãã¹ã«ãã¢
ã¢ã€ã«åºã奜ãŸããã¯ççŽ æ°ïŒã20ã®çŽéåã¯å
å²ã®ã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ããã¹ã«ããã«åºåã¯ããšãã«ã¢
ããã¹ã«ããã«åºçãè¡šãã 次ã«äžè¬åŒïŒ»ïŒœåã¯ïŒ»ïŒœã§è¡šãããã·ã¢ã³
ã«ãã©ãŒã®å ·äœçãªååç©äŸã瀺ããããããã«
éå®ãããªãã ãäŸç€ºååç©ã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
ãåã
以äžãå®æœäŸã«ãã€ãŠæ¬çºæãæŽã«è©³çŽ°ã«èª¬æ
ããããæ¬çºæã®å®æœæ æ§ãããã«éå®ãããã
ã®ã§ã¯ãªãã ãå®æœäŸ ïŒã çœè²é¡æãšããŠã¢ãã¿ãŒãŒåã®é žåãã¿ã³ãå«
ãããªãšãã¬ã³å±€ã«ãã€ãŠãè¡šé¢ã被èŠããçŽæ¯
æäœäžã«ã³ããæŸé»ã«ããååŠçãæœãããåŸã
次ã®åå±€ãé 次å¡èšããŠã«ã©ãŒå°ç»çŽãäœã€ãã 第ïŒå±€ïŒïŒã¢ã«ïŒ ã®å¡©åéãå«ãå¡©èåéåçä¹³
å€ãã¢ã³ãããâïŒâã¡ãã«â5â²âã¡ããã·â
ïŒïŒ3â²âãžâïŒïŒâã¹ã«ããããã«ïŒã»ã¬ãã·
ã¢ãã³ããããªãã·ãã«ããå åŠå¢æãããã
ã«ïŒïŒïŒâãžâïœâããã«ãã€ããããã³åã³
ã€ãšããŒã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠÎ±âãïŒâïŒïŒâãã³ãž
ã«âïŒâããšãã«âïŒïŒïŒâãžãªããœâïŒïŒ
ïŒïŒïŒâããªã¢ãŸãªãžã«ïŒãâαâãããªã«âïŒ
âã¯ããâïŒâãγâïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžâïœâã¢ãã«
ããšããã·ïŒããã«ã¢ãããã¢ã»ãã¢ããªãã®
ãããã¯ãåæ£æ¶²ãå ãããã®ãé0.35ïœïŒm2
ãšãªãããã«å¡èšããã 第ïŒå±€ïŒãžâïœâãªã¯ãã«ãã€ããããã³åã³çŽ«
å€ç·åžåå€ãšããŠã®ïŒâïŒ2â²âããããã·â3â²ïŒ
5â²âãžâïœâããã«ããšãã«ïŒãã³ãããªã¢ãŸ
ãŒã«ãïŒâïŒ2â²âããããã·â5â²âïœâããã«
ããšãã«ïŒãã³ãããªã¢ãŸãŒã«ãïŒâïŒ2â²âã
ãããã·â3â²âïœâããã«âïŒâã¡ãã«ããšã
ã«ïŒâïŒâã¯ãã«ãã³ãããªã¢ãŸãŒã«åã³ïŒâ
ïŒ2â²âããããã·â3â²ïŒ5â²âãžâïœâããã«ããš
ãã«ïŒâïŒâã¯ãã«ãã³ãããªã¢ãŸãŒã«ã®æ··å
ç©ãå«ããããã¯ãåæ£æ¶²ãå ãããŒã©ãã³æº¶
液ãäžéå±€ãšããŠå¡èšããã 第ïŒå±€ïŒ15ã¢ã«ïŒ ã®å¡©åéãå«ãå¡©èåéåçä¹³
å€ãã¢ã³ãããâïŒâãšãã«ââïŒïŒ5â²âãžã
ãšãã«âïŒïŒ3â²âãžïŒïŒâã¹ã«ããããã«ïŒãª
ããµã«ã«ãã·ã¢ãã³ããããªãã·ãã«ããå åŠ
å¢æããããã«ïŒïŒïŒâãžâïœâããã«ãã€ã
ãããã³ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªã¡ãã«âïŒâã©ãŠ
ãªã«ãªãã·âïŒâïœâãªã¯ãã«ã¯ããã³åã³ã
ãŒã³ã¿ã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠïŒâïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããª
ã¯ããããšãã«ïŒâïŒâïŒïŒâã¯ããâïŒâãªã¯
ã¿ãã»ãã«ãµã¯ã·ã³ã€ããã¢ããªãïŒâïŒâã
ã©ãŸãã³ã®ãããã¯ãåæ£æ¶²ãå ãããã®ãã
é0.4ïœïŒm2ãšãªãããã«å¡èšããã 第ïŒå±€ïŒç¬¬ïŒå±€ãšåã液ãäžéå±€ãšããŠå¡èšã
ãã 第ïŒå±€ïŒ15ã¢ã«ïŒ ã®å¡©åéãå«ãå¡©èåéåçä¹³
å€ãã¢ã³ãããâïŒâãïŒâãšãã«âïŒâïŒïŒâ
ãšãã«âïŒâïŒ1HïŒâãããªãªãã³ïŒãšããªã
ã³âïŒâãªããœâãã¢ãŸãªãžã³âïŒâã€ãªã
ã³ãã¡ãã«âïŒâïŒïŒâã¹ã«ããããã«ïŒãã³
ãŸãªããµãŸãªãŠã ããããªãã·ããçšããŠå åŠ
å¢æããããã«ïŒïŒïŒâãžâïœââããã«ãã€
ããããã³åã³ã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠäžèšã
â13ãã®ãããã¯ãåæ£æ¶²ãå ãããã®ããé
0.27ïœïŒm2ãšãªãããã«å¡èšããã 第ïŒå±€ïŒãŒã©ãã³æº¶æ¶²ãä¿è·å±€ãšããŠå¡èšããã äžèšã®åæå æ§å±€ã«çšããããã²ã³åéåçä¹³
å€ã¯ãç¹å ¬æ46â7772å·å ¬å ±èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã§èª¿è£œ
ããããããããªç¡«é žãããªãŠã ã«ããååŠå¢æ
ãæœãããå®å®å€ãšããŠïŒâããããã·âïŒâã¡
ãã«âïŒïŒïŒïŒ3aïŒïŒâããã©ã¶ã€ã³ãã³ãæ·»
å ããããŸããã¹ãŠã®å±€ã®å¡åžæ¶²ã«ã¯ãå¡åžå©å€
ãšããŠãµããã³ãšç¡¬èå€ãšããŠãã¹ïŒããã«ã¹ã«
ããã«ã¡ãã«ïŒãšãŒãã«ãããããæ·»å ããã ãâ13ã
ããããæ¬çºæã®å®æœæ æ§ãããã«éå®ãããã
ã®ã§ã¯ãªãã ãå®æœäŸ ïŒã çœè²é¡æãšããŠã¢ãã¿ãŒãŒåã®é žåãã¿ã³ãå«
ãããªãšãã¬ã³å±€ã«ãã€ãŠãè¡šé¢ã被èŠããçŽæ¯
æäœäžã«ã³ããæŸé»ã«ããååŠçãæœãããåŸã
次ã®åå±€ãé 次å¡èšããŠã«ã©ãŒå°ç»çŽãäœã€ãã 第ïŒå±€ïŒïŒã¢ã«ïŒ ã®å¡©åéãå«ãå¡©èåéåçä¹³
å€ãã¢ã³ãããâïŒâã¡ãã«â5â²âã¡ããã·â
ïŒïŒ3â²âãžâïŒïŒâã¹ã«ããããã«ïŒã»ã¬ãã·
ã¢ãã³ããããªãã·ãã«ããå åŠå¢æãããã
ã«ïŒïŒïŒâãžâïœâããã«ãã€ããããã³åã³
ã€ãšããŒã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠÎ±âãïŒâïŒïŒâãã³ãž
ã«âïŒâããšãã«âïŒïŒïŒâãžãªããœâïŒïŒ
ïŒïŒïŒâããªã¢ãŸãªãžã«ïŒãâαâãããªã«âïŒ
âã¯ããâïŒâãγâïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžâïœâã¢ãã«
ããšããã·ïŒããã«ã¢ãããã¢ã»ãã¢ããªãã®
ãããã¯ãåæ£æ¶²ãå ãããã®ãé0.35ïœïŒm2
ãšãªãããã«å¡èšããã 第ïŒå±€ïŒãžâïœâãªã¯ãã«ãã€ããããã³åã³çŽ«
å€ç·åžåå€ãšããŠã®ïŒâïŒ2â²âããããã·â3â²ïŒ
5â²âãžâïœâããã«ããšãã«ïŒãã³ãããªã¢ãŸ
ãŒã«ãïŒâïŒ2â²âããããã·â5â²âïœâããã«
ããšãã«ïŒãã³ãããªã¢ãŸãŒã«ãïŒâïŒ2â²âã
ãããã·â3â²âïœâããã«âïŒâã¡ãã«ããšã
ã«ïŒâïŒâã¯ãã«ãã³ãããªã¢ãŸãŒã«åã³ïŒâ
ïŒ2â²âããããã·â3â²ïŒ5â²âãžâïœâããã«ããš
ãã«ïŒâïŒâã¯ãã«ãã³ãããªã¢ãŸãŒã«ã®æ··å
ç©ãå«ããããã¯ãåæ£æ¶²ãå ãããŒã©ãã³æº¶
液ãäžéå±€ãšããŠå¡èšããã 第ïŒå±€ïŒ15ã¢ã«ïŒ ã®å¡©åéãå«ãå¡©èåéåçä¹³
å€ãã¢ã³ãããâïŒâãšãã«ââïŒïŒ5â²âãžã
ãšãã«âïŒïŒ3â²âãžïŒïŒâã¹ã«ããããã«ïŒãª
ããµã«ã«ãã·ã¢ãã³ããããªãã·ãã«ããå åŠ
å¢æããããã«ïŒïŒïŒâãžâïœâããã«ãã€ã
ãããã³ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªã¡ãã«âïŒâã©ãŠ
ãªã«ãªãã·âïŒâïœâãªã¯ãã«ã¯ããã³åã³ã
ãŒã³ã¿ã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠïŒâïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããª
ã¯ããããšãã«ïŒâïŒâïŒïŒâã¯ããâïŒâãªã¯
ã¿ãã»ãã«ãµã¯ã·ã³ã€ããã¢ããªãïŒâïŒâã
ã©ãŸãã³ã®ãããã¯ãåæ£æ¶²ãå ãããã®ãã
é0.4ïœïŒm2ãšãªãããã«å¡èšããã 第ïŒå±€ïŒç¬¬ïŒå±€ãšåã液ãäžéå±€ãšããŠå¡èšã
ãã 第ïŒå±€ïŒ15ã¢ã«ïŒ ã®å¡©åéãå«ãå¡©èåéåçä¹³
å€ãã¢ã³ãããâïŒâãïŒâãšãã«âïŒâïŒïŒâ
ãšãã«âïŒâïŒ1HïŒâãããªãªãã³ïŒãšããªã
ã³âïŒâãªããœâãã¢ãŸãªãžã³âïŒâã€ãªã
ã³ãã¡ãã«âïŒâïŒïŒâã¹ã«ããããã«ïŒãã³
ãŸãªããµãŸãªãŠã ããããªãã·ããçšããŠå åŠ
å¢æããããã«ïŒïŒïŒâãžâïœââããã«ãã€
ããããã³åã³ã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒãšããŠäžèšã
â13ãã®ãããã¯ãåæ£æ¶²ãå ãããã®ããé
0.27ïœïŒm2ãšãªãããã«å¡èšããã 第ïŒå±€ïŒãŒã©ãã³æº¶æ¶²ãä¿è·å±€ãšããŠå¡èšããã äžèšã®åæå æ§å±€ã«çšããããã²ã³åéåçä¹³
å€ã¯ãç¹å ¬æ46â7772å·å ¬å ±èšèŒã®æ¹æ³ã§èª¿è£œ
ããããããããªç¡«é žãããªãŠã ã«ããååŠå¢æ
ãæœãããå®å®å€ãšããŠïŒâããããã·âïŒâã¡
ãã«âïŒïŒïŒïŒ3aïŒïŒâããã©ã¶ã€ã³ãã³ãæ·»
å ããããŸããã¹ãŠã®å±€ã®å¡åžæ¶²ã«ã¯ãå¡åžå©å€
ãšããŠãµããã³ãšç¡¬èå€ãšããŠãã¹ïŒããã«ã¹ã«
ããã«ã¡ãã«ïŒãšãŒãã«ãããããæ·»å ããã ãâ13ã
ãåã
以äžã®ããã«ããŠäœã€ãã«ã©ãŒå°ç»çŽã«ãKS
âïŒåæå èšïŒå°è¥¿å åçå·¥æ¥ç€Ÿè£œïŒãçšããŠçœ
è²é段é²å ãäžããåŸã次ã®å·¥çšã«åŸã€ãŠçºè²çŸ
ååŠçãè¡ã€ãã åŠçå·¥çš æž©åºŠïŒâïŒ æéïŒåïŒ çºè²çŸå 38 2.0 æŒçœå®ç 38 1.0 å®å®ååŠç 30 3.0 也 ç¥ 75ã85 䜿çšããçºè²çŸå液ãæŒçœå®ç液åã³å®å®æ¶²ã¯
次ã®çµæã®ãã®ã調æŽã䜿çšããã ïŒçºè²çŸåæ¶²ïŒ ãã³ãžã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã« 16ml ãžãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã« 12ml è¢å å¢çœå€ïŒæ³šïŒïŒ ïŒïœ ããããã·ã«ã¢ãã³ç¡«é žå¡© ïŒïœ äŸç€ºååç©ãâïŒãç¡«é žå¡© ïŒïœ çé žã«ãªãŠã 30ïœ äºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã ïŒ50ïŒ æº¶æ¶²ïŒ ïŒml èåã«ãªãŠã 0.7ïœ æ°Žé žåã«ãªãŠã 2.5ïœ æ°Žã«ãŠïŒãšããã PHã¯10.2ã§ããã ïŒæ³šïŒïŒ è¢å å¢çœå€ãšããŠããã±ãã¢MXã³ã³
ã¯ãçšããã ïŒæŒçœå®çæ¶²ïŒ ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ããã©é ¢é ž ïŒïœ äºç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ïŒ40ïŒ æº¶æ¶²ïŒ 20ml ããªç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ïŒ70ïŒ æº¶æ¶²ïŒ 80ml ã¢ã³ã¢ãã¢æ°ŽïŒ28ïŒ æº¶æ¶²ïŒ 23ml ææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯äœ çºè²çŸå液ïŒæ·»å éå€åïŒ 200ml æ°Žã«ãŠïŒãšããã ã¢ã³ã¢ãã¢æ°Žåã³é ¢é žãçšããŠPH6.5ã«èª¿æŽã
ãã ïŒå®å®æ¶²ïŒ ïŒâãªã¯ãã«âïŒâã€ãœãã¢ãŸãªã³âïŒâãªã³
0.2ïœ ïŒâã¯ããâïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒâã€ãœãã¢ãŸãªã³
âïŒâãªã³ 0.2ïœ æ°Žã«ãŠïŒãšããã KOHãçšããŠPH6.9ã«èª¿æŽããã äžèšæŒçœå®ç液äžã«çºè²çŸå液ãæ·»å ããŠãã
ã®ã¯é£ç¶åŠçã®åæç¶æ ãæ³å®ããŠæ·»å ãããã®
ã§ããã ãŸãæŒçœå®ç液äžã®ææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯äœåã³ã
ã®æ·»å éãè¡šïŒã®åŠãã«ããŠãåŠçãè¡ããåŠç
åŸã®æå ææã®æªé²å éšã®ã·ã¢ã³ã¹ãã€ã³åã³æ
é«æ¿åºŠéšã®æ®çééã枬å®ããããªããæ¿åºŠæž¬å®
ã«ã¯ãPDAâ65å åŠæ¿åºŠèšïŒå°è¥¿å åçå·¥æ¥ç€Ÿ
補ïŒã䜿ããæ®çéé枬å®ã¯è¢å ç·æ³ã«ããè¡
ã€ãã
âïŒåæå èšïŒå°è¥¿å åçå·¥æ¥ç€Ÿè£œïŒãçšããŠçœ
è²é段é²å ãäžããåŸã次ã®å·¥çšã«åŸã€ãŠçºè²çŸ
ååŠçãè¡ã€ãã åŠçå·¥çš æž©åºŠïŒâïŒ æéïŒåïŒ çºè²çŸå 38 2.0 æŒçœå®ç 38 1.0 å®å®ååŠç 30 3.0 也 ç¥ 75ã85 䜿çšããçºè²çŸå液ãæŒçœå®ç液åã³å®å®æ¶²ã¯
次ã®çµæã®ãã®ã調æŽã䜿çšããã ïŒçºè²çŸåæ¶²ïŒ ãã³ãžã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã« 16ml ãžãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã« 12ml è¢å å¢çœå€ïŒæ³šïŒïŒ ïŒïœ ããããã·ã«ã¢ãã³ç¡«é žå¡© ïŒïœ äŸç€ºååç©ãâïŒãç¡«é žå¡© ïŒïœ çé žã«ãªãŠã 30ïœ äºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã ïŒ50ïŒ æº¶æ¶²ïŒ ïŒml èåã«ãªãŠã 0.7ïœ æ°Žé žåã«ãªãŠã 2.5ïœ æ°Žã«ãŠïŒãšããã PHã¯10.2ã§ããã ïŒæ³šïŒïŒ è¢å å¢çœå€ãšããŠããã±ãã¢MXã³ã³
ã¯ãçšããã ïŒæŒçœå®çæ¶²ïŒ ãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ããã©é ¢é ž ïŒïœ äºç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ïŒ40ïŒ æº¶æ¶²ïŒ 20ml ããªç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ïŒ70ïŒ æº¶æ¶²ïŒ 80ml ã¢ã³ã¢ãã¢æ°ŽïŒ28ïŒ æº¶æ¶²ïŒ 23ml ææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯äœ çºè²çŸå液ïŒæ·»å éå€åïŒ 200ml æ°Žã«ãŠïŒãšããã ã¢ã³ã¢ãã¢æ°Žåã³é ¢é žãçšããŠPH6.5ã«èª¿æŽã
ãã ïŒå®å®æ¶²ïŒ ïŒâãªã¯ãã«âïŒâã€ãœãã¢ãŸãªã³âïŒâãªã³
0.2ïœ ïŒâã¯ããâïŒâã¡ãã«âïŒâã€ãœãã¢ãŸãªã³
âïŒâãªã³ 0.2ïœ æ°Žã«ãŠïŒãšããã KOHãçšããŠPH6.9ã«èª¿æŽããã äžèšæŒçœå®ç液äžã«çºè²çŸå液ãæ·»å ããŠãã
ã®ã¯é£ç¶åŠçã®åæç¶æ ãæ³å®ããŠæ·»å ãããã®
ã§ããã ãŸãæŒçœå®ç液äžã®ææ©é žéïŒïŒé¯äœåã³ã
ã®æ·»å éãè¡šïŒã®åŠãã«ããŠãåŠçãè¡ããåŠç
åŸã®æå ææã®æªé²å éšã®ã·ã¢ã³ã¹ãã€ã³åã³æ
é«æ¿åºŠéšã®æ®çééã枬å®ããããªããæ¿åºŠæž¬å®
ã«ã¯ãPDAâ65å åŠæ¿åºŠèšïŒå°è¥¿å åçå·¥æ¥ç€Ÿ
補ïŒã䜿ããæ®çéé枬å®ã¯è¢å ç·æ³ã«ããè¡
ã€ãã
å®æœäŸïŒã®å®éšNo.ïŒïŒäŸç€ºååç©ããéïŒïŒ
ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©0.06ã¢ã«ïŒæ·»å ïŒã§çšããæŒçœ
å®ç液ã«äŸç€ºååç©ãâïŒãåã¯ãâ11ãã
ããããïŒïœïŒæ·»å ããåæ§ã®åŠçãè¡ã€ãã
ãã ããæŒçœå®çã®åŠçæéã¯40ç§ã§è¡ããã·ã¢
ã³ã¹ãã€ã³åã³æ®çééã枬å®ãããçµæãè¡šïŒ
ã«ç€ºãã
ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©0.06ã¢ã«ïŒæ·»å ïŒã§çšããæŒçœ
å®ç液ã«äŸç€ºååç©ãâïŒãåã¯ãâ11ãã
ããããïŒïœïŒæ·»å ããåæ§ã®åŠçãè¡ã€ãã
ãã ããæŒçœå®çã®åŠçæéã¯40ç§ã§è¡ããã·ã¢
ã³ã¹ãã€ã³åã³æ®çééã枬å®ãããçµæãè¡šïŒ
ã«ç€ºãã
å®æœäŸïŒã®å®éšNo.ïŒã§çšããå®å®æ¶²ã«ããã¬ãŒ
ãå€ãšããŠãïŒâããããã·ãšããªãã³âïŒïŒïŒ
âãžãã¹ãã³é žïŒ60ïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ïŒïŒãã¬ãŒãå®å®åºŠ
å®æ°çŽ33ïŒãïŒïœïŒæ·»å ããŠé£ç¶åŠçãè¡ãã
åŠçåŸã®æå æææªé²å éšã®ã€ãšããŒåã³ã·ã¢ã³
ã¹ãã€ã³ã枬å®ãããçµæãè¡šïŒã«ç€ºãã
ãå€ãšããŠãïŒâããããã·ãšããªãã³âïŒïŒïŒ
âãžãã¹ãã³é žïŒ60ïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ïŒïŒãã¬ãŒãå®å®åºŠ
å®æ°çŽ33ïŒãïŒïœïŒæ·»å ããŠé£ç¶åŠçãè¡ãã
åŠçåŸã®æå æææªé²å éšã®ã€ãšããŒåã³ã·ã¢ã³
ã¹ãã€ã³ã枬å®ãããçµæãè¡šïŒã«ç€ºãã
å®æœäŸïŒã®å®éšNo.ïŒã§çšããçºè²çŸå液äžã®çº
è²çŸåäž»è¬ã®äŸç€ºååç©ãâïŒããïŒâã¡ãã«
âïŒâã¢ããâïŒNâ²âãžãšãã«ã¢ããªã³å¡©é ž
å¡©ã«ä»£ããåã³äŸç€ºååç©ãâïŒãïœâãã«ãš
ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žå¡©ã«ä»£ããŠåæ§ã®å®éšãè¡ããåŠç
åŸã®æå ææã®ã·ã¢ã³ã¹ãã€ã³åã³æ®çééã枬
å®ãããçµæãè¡šïŒã«ç€ºãã
è²çŸåäž»è¬ã®äŸç€ºååç©ãâïŒããïŒâã¡ãã«
âïŒâã¢ããâïŒNâ²âãžãšãã«ã¢ããªã³å¡©é ž
å¡©ã«ä»£ããåã³äŸç€ºååç©ãâïŒãïœâãã«ãš
ã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žå¡©ã«ä»£ããŠåæ§ã®å®éšãè¡ããåŠç
åŸã®æå ææã®ã·ã¢ã³ã¹ãã€ã³åã³æ®çééã枬
å®ãããçµæãè¡šïŒã«ç€ºãã
å®æœäŸïŒã§äœæããæå
ææã®ã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒ
ãâ13ããäŸç€ºååç©ãâïŒãã«å€æŽããŠã«
ã©ãŒããŒããŒãäœæããããã®è©ŠæãçšããŠãå®
æœäŸïŒã®å®éšNo.ïŒãšåæ§ã®åŠçãè¡ããåŠçåŸã®
æå ææã®ã·ã¢ã³ã¹ãã€ã³åã³æ®çééã枬å®ã
ããçµæãè¡šïŒã«ç€ºãã
ãâ13ããäŸç€ºååç©ãâïŒãã«å€æŽããŠã«
ã©ãŒããŒããŒãäœæããããã®è©ŠæãçšããŠãå®
æœäŸïŒã®å®éšNo.ïŒãšåæ§ã®åŠçãè¡ããåŠçåŸã®
æå ææã®ã·ã¢ã³ã¹ãã€ã³åã³æ®çééã枬å®ã
ããçµæãè¡šïŒã«ç€ºãã
ãè¡šã
äžèšè¡šãããæ¬çºæã«ãããŠã¯ãäžè¬åŒãã
ã§ç€ºãããã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒã䜿çšããããšã«ã
ããæŽã«å¥œãŸããå¹æãå¥ããããšãå€ãã
ã§ç€ºãããã·ã¢ã³ã«ãã©ãŒã䜿çšããããšã«ã
ããæŽã«å¥œãŸããå¹æãå¥ããããšãå€ãã
Claims (1)
- ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã ïŒ ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææãæŒçœèœã
æããåŠç液ã§åŠçããå·¥çšãšãå®è³ªçã«æ°ŽæŽå·¥
çšãçµãããšãªãå®å®ååŠçããå·¥çšãæããåŠ
çæ¹æ³ã«ãããŠã該æŒçœèœãæããåŠç液ãææ©
é žéïŒïŒé¯äœã®å°ãªããšãäžçš®ã0.03ã0.10ã¢
ã«ïŒå«æããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããããã²ã³åéã«
ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ã ïŒ å®å®ååŠçã«çšããããæ°ŽæŽä»£æ¿å®å®æ¶²ãã
éã€ãªã³ã«å¯Ÿãããã¬ãŒãå®å®åºŠå®æ°ãïŒä»¥äžã§
ãããã¬ãŒãå€ãå«æããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããç¹èš±
è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåç
æå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ã
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11094584A JPS60256143A (ja) | 1984-06-01 | 1984-06-01 | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11094584A JPS60256143A (ja) | 1984-06-01 | 1984-06-01 | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60256143A JPS60256143A (ja) | 1985-12-17 |
| JPH0580657B2 true JPH0580657B2 (ja) | 1993-11-09 |
Family
ID=14548532
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11094584A Granted JPS60256143A (ja) | 1984-06-01 | 1984-06-01 | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60256143A (ja) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS569744A (en) * | 1979-07-05 | 1981-01-31 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Bleaching composition for photographic processing |
| JPS5818632A (ja) * | 1981-07-28 | 1983-02-03 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ |
| JPS58115438A (ja) * | 1981-12-28 | 1983-07-09 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ |
| JPH0580657A (ja) * | 1991-09-25 | 1993-04-02 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | ãã°ãããããŒã« |
-
1984
- 1984-06-01 JP JP11094584A patent/JPS60256143A/ja active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS569744A (en) * | 1979-07-05 | 1981-01-31 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Bleaching composition for photographic processing |
| JPS5818632A (ja) * | 1981-07-28 | 1983-02-03 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ |
| JPS58115438A (ja) * | 1981-12-28 | 1983-07-09 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ |
| JPH0580657A (ja) * | 1991-09-25 | 1993-04-02 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | ãã°ãããããŒã« |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60256143A (ja) | 1985-12-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP2801313B2 (ja) | æŒçœä¿é²çµæç©ããã³ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçã®åŠçæ¹æ³ | |
| US4567134A (en) | Method for processing of light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material | |
| US4537856A (en) | Method of processing silver halide color photographic materials | |
| JPH0327891B2 (ja) | ||
| US4769312A (en) | Method of processing silver halide color photographic material including the use of a two bath desilvering system comprising two baths | |
| JPH0612433B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ | |
| JPS6024464B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ | |
| US4857442A (en) | Method for the processing of silver halide color photographic materials | |
| US4506007A (en) | Method for processing color photographic materials | |
| JP2544422B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææã®çºè²çŸå液åã³ããã䜿çšããããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ | |
| JPS6150140A (ja) | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ | |
| JPH0434738B2 (ja) | ||
| JPH0580657B2 (ja) | ||
| JPH0481786B2 (ja) | ||
| JPH0319538B2 (ja) | ||
| JPS6278556A (ja) | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³åã³æ°ŽæŽä»£æ¿å®å®æ¶² | |
| JPH0680459B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ | |
| JPH01952A (ja) | åŠçå®å®æ§ã«åªããããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ | |
| JPH0713738B2 (ja) | åå°åããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ | |
| JP2654778B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ | |
| JPS609256B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ | |
| JP2607072B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ | |
| JP2511655B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©âåçæå ææã®åŠçæ¹æ³ | |
| JP2942889B2 (ja) | ããã²ã³åéã«ã©ãŒåçç»å圢ææ¹æ³ | |
| AU625430B2 (en) | Method of processing silver halide color photographic material and photographic color developing composition |