JPH04501270A - フェニルシクロヘキサン化合物および液晶相 - Google Patents
フェニルシクロヘキサン化合物および液晶相Info
- Publication number
- JPH04501270A JPH04501270A JP2511206A JP51120690A JPH04501270A JP H04501270 A JPH04501270 A JP H04501270A JP 2511206 A JP2511206 A JP 2511206A JP 51120690 A JP51120690 A JP 51120690A JP H04501270 A JPH04501270 A JP H04501270A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- compounds
- formula
- liquid crystal
- hhphe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/26—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton
- C07C17/263—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton by condensation reactions
- C07C17/2635—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by reactions involving an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton by condensation reactions involving a phosphorus compound, e.g. Wittig synthesis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C25/00—Compounds containing at least one halogen atom bound to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C25/02—Monocyclic aromatic halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C25/13—Monocyclic aromatic halogenated hydrocarbons containing fluorine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C22/00—Cyclic compounds containing halogen atoms bound to an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C22/02—Cyclic compounds containing halogen atoms bound to an acyclic carbon atom having unsaturation in the rings
- C07C22/04—Cyclic compounds containing halogen atoms bound to an acyclic carbon atom having unsaturation in the rings containing six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C22/08—Cyclic compounds containing halogen atoms bound to an acyclic carbon atom having unsaturation in the rings containing six-membered aromatic rings containing fluorine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C25/00—Compounds containing at least one halogen atom bound to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C25/24—Halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons with unsaturated side chains
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C25/00—Compounds containing at least one halogen atom bound to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C25/24—Halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons with unsaturated side chains
- C07C25/28—Halogenated styrenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C255/49—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton
- C07C255/50—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton to carbon atoms of non-condensed six-membered aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C43/00—Ethers; Compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C43/02—Ethers
- C07C43/20—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C43/225—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3003—Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
- C07C2601/14—The ring being saturated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
- C09K2019/0444—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit characterized by a linking chain between rings or ring systems, a bridging chain between extensive mesogenic moieties or an end chain group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2323/00—Functional layers of liquid crystal optical display excluding electroactive liquid crystal layer characterised by chemical composition
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (8)
- 1.式I ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼ 〔式中、nは、0〜7であり、Q1およびQ2はHであり、あるいはQ1および Q2のうちの一つはまた、CH3であることができ、rは、0、1、2、3、4 または5であり、Aは、トランス−1,4−シクロヘキシレン、1,4−フェニ レン、3−フルオロ−1,4−フェニレンまたは単結合であり、Xは、F、Cl 、−CF3、−CN、−OCF3または−OCHF2であり、そしてYおよびZ は、それぞれ相互に独立して、HまたはFである、ただしAが単結合であり、Q 1=Q2=Hであり、そして同時に、X=CNである場合には、Yおよび(また は)Zは、Fである〕で示されるフェニルシクロヘキサン化合物。
- 2.Xが、F、Cl、−CF3または−OCF3であることを特徴とする、請求 項1に記載のフェニルシクロヘキサン化合物。
- 3.Y=Z=Hであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜2のうちの少なくとも一項 に記載のフェニルシクロヘキサン化合物。
- 4.Y=Fであり、そしてZ=HまたはFであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜 2のうちの少なくとも一項に記載のフェニルシクロヘキサン化合物。
- 5.X=CNであり、Y=Fであり、そしてZ=HまたはFであることを特徴と する、請求項1に記載のフェニルシクロヘキサン化合物。
- 6.電気光学表示体用の液晶相の成分として、請求項1に記載の式Iで示される フェニルシクロヘキサン化合物を使用すること。
- 7.少なくとも2種の液晶成分を含有する、電気光学表示体用液晶相であって、 少なくとも1種の成分が、請求項1に記載の式Iで示されるフェニルシクロヘキ サン化合物であることを特徴とする液晶相。
- 8.液晶セルにもとづく電気光学表示体であって、液晶セルが請求項7に記載の 相を含有することを特徴とする電気光学表示体。
Applications Claiming Priority (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3926871.3 | 1989-08-16 | ||
DE3926871 | 1989-08-16 | ||
DE4006313.5 | 1990-03-01 | ||
DE4006313 | 1990-03-01 | ||
DE4013084 | 1990-04-25 | ||
DE4013084.3 | 1990-04-25 | ||
DE4013467.9 | 1990-04-27 | ||
DE4013467 | 1990-04-27 | ||
DE4021154.1 | 1990-07-03 | ||
DE4021154 | 1990-07-03 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP11082163A Division JP3122426B2 (ja) | 1989-08-16 | 1999-02-18 | フェニルシクロヘキサン化合物および液晶媒体 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH04501270A true JPH04501270A (ja) | 1992-03-05 |
JP2935744B2 JP2935744B2 (ja) | 1999-08-16 |
Family
ID=27511321
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2511206A Expired - Lifetime JP2935744B2 (ja) | 1989-08-16 | 1990-08-13 | フェニルシクロヘキサン化合物および液晶相 |
JP11082163A Expired - Lifetime JP3122426B2 (ja) | 1989-08-16 | 1999-02-18 | フェニルシクロヘキサン化合物および液晶媒体 |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP11082163A Expired - Lifetime JP3122426B2 (ja) | 1989-08-16 | 1999-02-18 | フェニルシクロヘキサン化合物および液晶媒体 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (8) | US5891360A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0438563B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP2935744B2 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR0152483B1 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE115109T1 (ja) |
DE (2) | DE4025550B4 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK0438563T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2064751T3 (ja) |
SG (1) | SG26368G (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1991002709A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5482653A (en) * | 1989-05-30 | 1996-01-09 | Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Fluoro-chloro-benzene derivatives |
DE4025550B4 (de) * | 1989-08-16 | 2007-05-03 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Phenylcyclohexane und flüssigkristallines Medium |
DE59010895D1 (de) * | 1989-09-06 | 2000-02-24 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Fluorbenzolderivate und flüssigkristallines Medium |
JPH04506376A (ja) * | 1990-04-03 | 1992-11-05 | メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフトング | 液晶媒体 |
WO1991016397A1 (de) * | 1990-04-13 | 1991-10-31 | MERCK Patent Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Flüssigkristallines medium |
EP0477330B1 (de) * | 1990-04-13 | 1997-03-12 | MERCK PATENT GmbH | Flüssigkristallines medium |
EP0477334B1 (de) * | 1990-04-13 | 1995-10-04 | MERCK PATENT GmbH | Flüssigkristallines medium |
EP0477329B1 (de) * | 1990-04-13 | 1996-03-20 | MERCK PATENT GmbH | Flüssigkristallines medium |
EP0458176B1 (de) * | 1990-05-21 | 1995-08-02 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Bicyclohexylderivate |
US5292452A (en) * | 1990-09-14 | 1994-03-08 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Alkenylcyclohexane liquid crystalline compounds |
DE4107167B4 (de) * | 1991-03-06 | 2008-05-08 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Flüssigkristallmischung |
DE4123539A1 (de) * | 1991-07-16 | 1993-01-21 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Fluessigkristallines medium |
DE69324586T2 (de) * | 1993-10-08 | 1999-09-16 | Chisso Corp | Cyclohexanderivat |
US6830787B1 (en) * | 1994-03-17 | 2004-12-14 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Active matrix liquid crystal display apparatus |
DE19515504A1 (de) * | 1995-04-27 | 1996-10-31 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Fluorierte Biphenylcyclohexane und flüssigkristallines Medium |
JPH08325173A (ja) * | 1995-05-25 | 1996-12-10 | Chisso Corp | エキソメチレン部位を持つ液晶性化合物およびそれを含む液晶組成物 |
US5888423A (en) * | 1995-07-17 | 1999-03-30 | Rolic Ag | Fluorobenzyl ether derivatives |
US5807499A (en) * | 1995-08-23 | 1998-09-15 | Chisso Corporation | Liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display device containing the same |
JP3856188B2 (ja) * | 1999-10-28 | 2006-12-13 | 大日本インキ化学工業株式会社 | 液晶組成物 |
US8232564B2 (en) * | 2007-01-22 | 2012-07-31 | Cree, Inc. | Wafer level phosphor coating technique for warm light emitting diodes |
US8167674B2 (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2012-05-01 | Cree, Inc. | Phosphor distribution in LED lamps using centrifugal force |
US10546846B2 (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2020-01-28 | Cree, Inc. | Light transmission control for masking appearance of solid state light sources |
TWI456031B (zh) | 2010-12-23 | 2014-10-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | 液晶化合物、液晶組合物及包括該化合物或組合物之液晶顯示器及光電裝置 |
US9701609B2 (en) | 2014-08-20 | 2017-07-11 | Bedoukian Research, Inc. | Perfume compositions containing isomeric alkadienals |
Family Cites Families (39)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3022818C2 (de) | 1980-06-19 | 1986-11-27 | Merck Patent Gmbh, 6100 Darmstadt | Flüssigkristall-Anzeigeelement |
US4405488A (en) | 1980-10-09 | 1983-09-20 | Chisso Corporation | Liquid-crystalline halogenobenzene derivatives |
DE3465192D1 (en) * | 1983-03-16 | 1987-09-10 | Hoffmann La Roche | Liquid crystal components having an alkenyl chain |
US4565425A (en) * | 1983-03-16 | 1986-01-21 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Liquid crystals |
DE3575158D1 (de) * | 1984-07-12 | 1990-02-08 | Hoffmann La Roche | Fluessigkristalline gemische enthaltend komponenten mit einer 4-alkenyl- oder 2z-alkenyl-seitenkette. |
DE3447359A1 (de) | 1984-12-24 | 1986-07-03 | Merck Patent Gmbh, 6100 Darmstadt | Fluessigkristalline phase |
DE3500897A1 (de) | 1985-01-12 | 1986-07-17 | Merck Patent Gmbh, 6100 Darmstadt | Fluessigkristalline phase |
DE3504866A1 (de) | 1985-02-13 | 1986-08-14 | Merck Patent Gmbh, 6100 Darmstadt | Fluorbenzolderivate |
DE3667170D1 (de) * | 1985-03-26 | 1990-01-04 | Hoffmann La Roche | Alkenylsubstituierte phenylisothiocyanate und benzonitrile. |
DE3614778A1 (de) * | 1986-05-02 | 1987-11-05 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Smektische fluessigkristalline phasen |
US5318721A (en) | 1986-05-02 | 1994-06-07 | Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Nematic liquid-crystalline phases |
GB2193536A (en) | 1986-08-04 | 1988-02-10 | Ford Motor Co | I.c. engine fuel metering and distribution system |
DE3775550D1 (de) * | 1986-09-08 | 1992-02-06 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Fluessigkristallphase. |
DE3732284A1 (de) * | 1987-09-25 | 1989-04-13 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Substituierte phenyltrifluormethylether |
DE3732384A1 (de) | 1987-09-25 | 1989-04-06 | Bayer Ag | Bisazolyl-hydroxyalkyl-derivate enthaltende antimykotische mittel |
DE3887084D1 (de) * | 1987-11-06 | 1994-02-24 | Hoffmann La Roche | Halogenierte Benzolderivate. |
US5013477A (en) | 1987-11-06 | 1991-05-07 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Alkenylbicyclohexane liquid crystals |
JP2504491B2 (ja) | 1987-11-11 | 1996-06-05 | チッソ株式会社 | 液晶組成物 |
DE3807958B4 (de) * | 1988-03-10 | 2004-03-18 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Supertwist-Flüssigkristallanzeigeelement |
DE3835803A1 (de) * | 1988-03-10 | 1990-04-26 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Supertwist-fluessigkristallanzeigeelement und fluessigkristallmischung |
DE3906040A1 (de) * | 1988-03-10 | 1989-09-21 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Cyclohexenderivate |
US5286410A (en) | 1988-03-10 | 1994-02-15 | Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Supertwist liquid-crystal display |
EP0365962B1 (de) * | 1988-10-20 | 1994-09-21 | MERCK PATENT GmbH | Matrix-Flüssigkristallanzeige |
JP2696557B2 (ja) * | 1989-03-07 | 1998-01-14 | チッソ株式会社 | トリフルオロベンゼン誘導体 |
EP0438575B1 (de) * | 1989-08-12 | 1994-10-26 | MERCK PATENT GmbH | Benzolderivate und flüssigkristallines medium |
DE4025550B4 (de) * | 1989-08-16 | 2007-05-03 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Phenylcyclohexane und flüssigkristallines Medium |
US5171469A (en) * | 1989-08-22 | 1992-12-15 | Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschraenkter Haftung | Liquid-crystal matrix display |
DE4002609A1 (de) * | 1989-09-07 | 1991-03-21 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Difluorbenzonitrile und fluessigkristallines medium |
US5389289A (en) * | 1990-03-09 | 1995-02-14 | Merck Patent Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung | Liquid-crystalline medium |
US5185098A (en) * | 1990-04-05 | 1993-02-09 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Liquid crystalline mixtures containing 3,4-difluorophenyl-substituted bicyclohexyls |
EP0477329B1 (de) * | 1990-04-13 | 1996-03-20 | MERCK PATENT GmbH | Flüssigkristallines medium |
EP0477335B1 (de) * | 1990-04-13 | 1995-07-05 | MERCK PATENT GmbH | Flüssigkristallines medium |
EP0477330B1 (de) * | 1990-04-13 | 1997-03-12 | MERCK PATENT GmbH | Flüssigkristallines medium |
JPH04506815A (ja) * | 1990-04-21 | 1992-11-26 | メルク パテント ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフトング | フェニルシクロヘキサン化合物、および液晶相 |
EP0458176B1 (de) * | 1990-05-21 | 1995-08-02 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Bicyclohexylderivate |
US5292452A (en) * | 1990-09-14 | 1994-03-08 | Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. | Alkenylcyclohexane liquid crystalline compounds |
KR100198364B1 (ko) * | 1990-10-02 | 1999-06-15 | 플레믹 크리스티안 | 액정 매질 |
KR100275841B1 (ko) * | 1992-10-07 | 2000-12-15 | 고토 기치 | 사이클로헥산 유도체 및 이를 함유하는 액정 조성물 |
DE19515504A1 (de) * | 1995-04-27 | 1996-10-31 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Fluorierte Biphenylcyclohexane und flüssigkristallines Medium |
-
1990
- 1990-08-11 DE DE4025550A patent/DE4025550B4/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-08-13 ES ES90912038T patent/ES2064751T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-08-13 SG SG1995904314A patent/SG26368G/en unknown
- 1990-08-13 KR KR1019950703321A patent/KR0152483B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-08-13 DE DE59007937T patent/DE59007937D1/de not_active Revoked
- 1990-08-13 DK DK90912038.8T patent/DK0438563T3/da active
- 1990-08-13 WO PCT/EP1990/001330 patent/WO1991002709A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-08-13 AT AT90912038T patent/ATE115109T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-08-13 KR KR1019910700375A patent/KR0153476B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-08-13 EP EP90912038A patent/EP0438563B1/de not_active Revoked
- 1990-08-13 JP JP2511206A patent/JP2935744B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-04-15 US US08/046,286 patent/US5891360A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-15 US US08/046,285 patent/US5458805A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-06-07 US US08/486,228 patent/US6284154B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-02-18 JP JP11082163A patent/JP3122426B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-02-08 US US09/778,808 patent/US6677002B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-09-28 US US09/964,650 patent/US6955837B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-10-30 US US10/695,956 patent/US20040089845A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-01-21 US US11/038,170 patent/US7250199B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-07-19 US US11/780,227 patent/US20080173844A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5891360A (en) | 1999-04-06 |
US20040089845A1 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
US6677002B2 (en) | 2004-01-13 |
US20020043646A1 (en) | 2002-04-18 |
ES2064751T3 (es) | 1995-02-01 |
US7250199B2 (en) | 2007-07-31 |
US6284154B1 (en) | 2001-09-04 |
EP0438563B1 (de) | 1994-12-07 |
DK0438563T3 (da) | 1995-02-13 |
JPH11315040A (ja) | 1999-11-16 |
WO1991002709A1 (de) | 1991-03-07 |
DE59007937D1 (de) | 1995-01-19 |
DE4025550A1 (de) | 1991-02-21 |
KR0153476B1 (ko) | 1998-12-01 |
JP3122426B2 (ja) | 2001-01-09 |
KR920701095A (ko) | 1992-08-11 |
KR960701583A (ko) | 1996-02-24 |
ATE115109T1 (de) | 1994-12-15 |
SG26368G (en) | 1995-09-18 |
US20050133763A1 (en) | 2005-06-23 |
DE4025550B4 (de) | 2007-05-03 |
US20080173844A1 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
JP2935744B2 (ja) | 1999-08-16 |
US6955837B2 (en) | 2005-10-18 |
KR0152483B1 (ko) | 1998-10-15 |
EP0438563A1 (de) | 1991-07-31 |
US20040169159A9 (en) | 2004-09-02 |
US5458805A (en) | 1995-10-17 |
US20010015422A1 (en) | 2001-08-23 |
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