JPH0445469B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0445469B2 JPH0445469B2 JP59201301A JP20130184A JPH0445469B2 JP H0445469 B2 JPH0445469 B2 JP H0445469B2 JP 59201301 A JP59201301 A JP 59201301A JP 20130184 A JP20130184 A JP 20130184A JP H0445469 B2 JPH0445469 B2 JP H0445469B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- salts
- sulfonic acid
- acids
- sodium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylbenzene Chemical group CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011396 hydraulic cement Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 53
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 34
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 22
- -1 aldehyde compound Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- YDEXUEFDPVHGHE-GGMCWBHBSA-L disodium;(2r)-3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].COC1=CC=CC(C[C@H](CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O YDEXUEFDPVHGHE-GGMCWBHBSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical class OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical class OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- RZXMPPFPUUCRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-toluidine Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 RZXMPPFPUUCRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 3
- JJYPMNFTHPTTDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 JJYPMNFTHPTTDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006326 desulfonation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005869 desulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CNCC(C)O LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940043276 diisopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NVVZQXQBYZPMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound O=C.C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 NVVZQXQBYZPMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DXRFSTNITSDOKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;sulfurous acid Chemical class O=C.OS(O)=O DXRFSTNITSDOKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940071676 hydroxypropylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960003975 potassium Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1Cl QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC(N)=N1 VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical class C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOSFMYBATFLTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-amino-3-(benzimidazol-1-yl)propan-2-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(CC(O)CN)C=NC2=C1 AOSFMYBATFLTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWMLJOLKUYYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5,6,7-Hexahydroxyheptanoic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O KWMLJOLKUYYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBUYCZFBVCCYFD-JJYYJPOSSA-N 2-dehydro-D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(=O)C(O)=O VBUYCZFBVCCYFD-JJYYJPOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOMKYJPSVWEWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(chloromethyl)-2-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3-thiazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=NC(CCl)=CS1 MOMKYJPSVWEWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWQSAIIDOMEEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-Dimethyl-4-(3-oxobutyl)dihydro-2(3H)-furanone Chemical compound CC(=O)CCC1CC(=O)OC1(C)C AWQSAIIDOMEEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diammonium sulfite Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])=O PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001479 Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N-phenylamine Natural products CNC1=CC=CC=C1 AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEJLNXHANOHNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine-3,6-diamine;10-methylacridin-10-ium-3,6-diamine;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=NC3=CC(N)=CC=C3C=C21.C1=C(N)C=C2[N+](C)=C(C=C(N)C=C3)C3=CC2=C1 PEJLNXHANOHNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- KPUBIZJWWGSWGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;carbonic acid Chemical class N.N.N.OC(O)=O.OC(O)=O KPUBIZJWWGSWGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzidine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 HFACYLZERDEVSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical class OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001638 boron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011087 fumaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002402 hexoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011372 high-strength concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940079826 hydrogen sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PEYVWSJAZONVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroperoxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound OOB=O PEYVWSJAZONVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940071826 hydroxyethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002085 irritant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000021 irritant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019357 lignosulphonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002900 methylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJCJUDJQDGGKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-dodecyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCCCCCC MJCJUDJQDGGKOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMEMQVZNTDHENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCNC OMEMQVZNTDHENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBEGHXKAFSLLGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-phenylnitramide Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 VBEGHXKAFSLLGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QKGIPGSKJBOHSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalen-2-amine;hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC=CC2=CC([NH3+])=CC=C21 QKGIPGSKJBOHSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VGTPKLINSHNZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoborinic acid Chemical compound OB=O VGTPKLINSHNZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002972 pentoses Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DJEHXEMURTVAOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bisulfite Chemical compound [K+].OS([O-])=O DJEHXEMURTVAOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940099427 potassium bisulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010259 potassium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001755 resorcinol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005185 salting out Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940079827 sodium hydrogen sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019983 sodium metaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000001174 sulfone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002256 xylenyl group Chemical class C1(C(C=CC=C1)C)(C)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
ïŒç£æ¥äžã®å©çšåéïŒ
æ¬çºæã¯ã氎硬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã®æµåæ§ãåª
ããçµæã«ããæµåæ§äœäžãå°ãªããæŽã«è©²çµæ
ç©ã®ç¡¬åäœãé«åŒ·åºŠã§ãã氎硬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©
ã«é¢ããã ïŒåŸæ¥æè¡ïŒ ã¢ã«ã¿ã«åã¯ã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒãæœè¡ã«ãããŠãæžæ°Ž
å€ã空æ°é£è¡å€ãåçµé 延å€ãåçµéé²å€ãæ¶æ³¡
å€ãé²æ°Žå€ãé²éå€çã®å€ãã®æ··åå€ãããã®äœ¿
çšç®çã«å¿ããŠçšããããŠãããæžæ°Žå€ã¯ããã
ãã®æ··åå€ã®äžã§ãæãè¯ãçšãããããã®ã®ïŒ
ã€ã§ãããããã¯ãŸã åºãŸããªãã¢ã«ã¿ã«ãã³ã³
ã¯ãªãŒãã®æµåæ§ãå¢å€§ãããããåäžæµåæ§ãª
ãã°äœ¿çšæ°Žéã®æžå°ã«ããæœè¡åŸã®ç¡¬åäœåŒ·åºŠã®
å¢å€§çã®å¹æãããã åŸæ¥ã氎硬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã®æžæ°Žå€ãšããŠã
ã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ãªã«ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ãã
ãã¿ãªã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããçž®åç©ãã
ã³ãããã®å¡©ããªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ããã
ã®å¡©ããªãã·ã«ã«ãã³é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ãã¹ã«
ãã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãé žããã³
ãããã®å¡©çã®å©çšãææ¡ãããŠããã ïŒçºæã解決ããããšããåé¡ç¹ïŒ ããããæžæ°Žå€ã®ãã¡ãã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæãã
ã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã¯ã空
æ°é£è¡æ§ãå°ãªãããŸãäœåäœæ°Žéã®ç³»ã«ãããŠ
ãè¯å¥œãªæµåæ§ãåŸããã硬åä¿é²äœçšãããã
çæ匷床çºçŸã«åªããç¹ã«é«åŒ·åºŠãå¿ èŠãšããã»
ã¡ã³ã補åã«æå¹ãªãã®ã§ãããããããã¹ã«ã
ã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãé žããã³ã
ããã®å¡©ã¯ãäœæ·»å çã§ã¯æµåæ§ãæªãå€éã®æ·»
å ãå¿ èŠãšããããšãæµåæ§ãçæéã®ãã¡ã«æ¥
æ¿ã«äœäžããçºéåžžã®äœ¿çšã®éã«ã¯çŸå Žæå ¥ãå
å²æ·»å çãå¿ èŠã§ããããšçãæè¡çã«ãŸãçµå€
çã«å€§ããªåé¡ãšãªãå®çšçã§ãªãã ïŒåé¡ç¹ã解決ããããã®ææ®µïŒ æ¬çºè çã¯ãã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹
èãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã®äžèšããæ¬ é¥ã
å æããçºéææ€èšããçµæããªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³
é žããã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ãè±ã¹ã«ãã³åããŠåŸ
ãããéšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãã
ã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ãšäœµçšããããšã«ãããã¹ã«
ãã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãé žãã
ã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ãæžæ°Žå€ãšããŠåç¬ã«äœ¿çšã
ãå Žåã«æ¯ããæµåæ§ãèããåªããçµæã«ãã
æµåæ§äœäžãèããæ¹è¯ãããå該çµæç©ã®ç¡¬å
äœãé«åŒ·åºŠã§ãããšããåªããå¹æãåŸãããæž
æ°Žå€ãšããŠã®æ§èœãèããåäžããããšãèŠåºã
ãŠæ¬çºæã«å°éããã ããªãã¡ãæ¬çºæã¯ãã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæããã¡
ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã®äžãã
éžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®(A)ãšããªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³
é žããã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ãè±ã¹ã«ãã³åããŠåŸ
ãããã¹ã«ãã³å床ïŒããšãã«ãããã³åäœïŒ
0.06ã0.25åœéã®éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«
ãã³é žãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã®äžããéžã°
ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®(B)ãšãå«æããããšãç¹åŸŽãš
ãã氎硬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããæ·»å å€(A)ã®ã¹ã«ãã³é žåºã
æããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©
ãšããŠã¯ãã¡ã©ãã³ãŸãã¯ã¡ã©ãã³ãšä»ã®çž®åå¯
èœãªååç©ãšã®æ··åç©ããã¢ã«ãããååç©ãã
ã³ã¹ã«ãã³åå€ãšåå¿ãããæŽã«çž®ååå¿ãè¡ã
ãããå Žåã«ãã€ãŠã¯é å¡©åå¿ãè¡ããããŠåŸã
ããååç©ã§ããã ã¡ã©ãã³ãšãšãã«çšããããä»ã®çž®åå¯èœãªå
åç©ãšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°å°¿çŽ ãã°ã¢ããã³ããžã·ã¢
ã³ãžã¢ãããããªå°¿çŽ ãã¹ã«ãã³åå°¿çŽ ãã¢ã
ã³ãé žã¢ããçã®å«ã¢ããåºååç©ãããšããŒ
ã«ãã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ããã·ã¬ããŒã«ãã¬ãŸã«ã·ã³ãã¹
ã«ãã³åããšããŒã«çã®ããšããŒã«é¡ååç©çã
æçšã§ãããããããã®ååç©ã®å«æéã¯ãã¡ã©
ãã³ãšä»ã®çž®åå¯èœãªååç©ãšã®æ··åç©ã®åèšã¢
ã«æ¯ã«å¯Ÿãã60ã¢ã«ïŒ 以äžã§ããããšã奜ãŸã
ãã ã¢ã«ãããååç©ãšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°ãã«ã ã¢ã«
ãããããã©ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããããŠããããã³ç
ã®ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããéåããã³çž®åç©ããã«ã ã¢
ã«ãããéäºç¡«é žå¡©ä»å ç©ãã¢ã»ãã¢ã«ãããç
ãæçšã§ãããç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã¯ããã«ã ã¢ã«ãã
ãããã³ãã®èªå°äœã§ããã ã¹ã«ãã³åå€ãšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°äºç¡«é žãœãŒãã
äºç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã çã®äºç¡«é žå¡©ãéäºç¡«é žãœãŒ
ããéäºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã ãéäºç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ç
ã®éäºç¡«é žå¡©ãããäºç¡«é žãœãŒãããã«ã ã¢ã«ã
ããéäºç¡«é žå¡©ä»å ç©ããã³ãããã®æ··åç©çã
æçšã§ããã åæ¬çºæã«çšããããæ·»å å€(A)ã«ãããã¡ã©ã
ã³ãŸãã¯ã¡ã©ãã³ãšä»ã®çž®åå¯èœãªååç©ãšã®æ··
åç©ã«å¯Ÿããçµåã¢ã«ãããååç©ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ã¯ã
ç¹ã«å¶éããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããéåžžã¡ã©ãã³ãŸ
ãã¯ã¡ã©ãã³ãšä»ã®çž®åå¯èœãªååç©ãšã®æ··åç©
ïŒã¢ã«åœããã¢ã«ãããååç©ã¯1.5ãïŒã¢ã«ã
奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãïŒã¢ã«ã§ãããåã¡ã©ãã³ãŸãã¯
ã¡ã©ãã³ãšä»ã®çž®åå¯èœãªååç©ãšã®æ··åç©ã«å¯Ÿ
ããçµåã¹ã«ãã³é žåºã®ã¢ã«æ¯ããç¹ã«å¶éãã
ããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããéåžžã¡ã©ãã³ãŸãã¯ã¡ã©ãã³
ãšä»ã®çž®åå¯èœãªååç©ãšã®æ··åç©ïŒã¢ã«åœãã
çµåã¹ã«ãã³é žåºã¯0.22ã2.0ã¢ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯
0.85ã1.20ã¢ã«ã§ãããã¹ã«ãã³é žåºã0.85ã¢ã«
æªæºã®å Žåã«ã¯ã該ååç©æº¶æ¶²ã®ç²åºŠãé«ãé«å
åéã«ãªããã¡ã§å¥œãŸãããªããäžæ¹1.20ã¢ã«ã
è¶ ããå Žåã«ã¯ãéçž®ååå¿ãé ããªããã¡ã§å¥œ
ãŸãããªãã å該添å å€(A)ã®20ïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ§ç²åºŠãã1000cp以
äžã®ãã®ã奜ãŸãããæŽã«å¥œãŸããã¯400cp以äž
ã®ãã®ã§ããã1000cpãè¶ ãããã®ã«ã€ããŠã¯ã
å¢ç²å¹æã倧ãããéã«æ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã®
æµåæ§ãäœäžããçºå¥œãŸãããªãã æ¬çºæã®æ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã«çšããããç¹
å®ã®æ·»å å€(A)ã¯ãäžèšããã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæãã
ã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãé žããã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©
ã§ããã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒäŸ¡ãïŒäŸ¡ãŸãã¯ïŒäŸ¡ã®éå±
å¡©ãã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ãããã¯ã¢ãã³å¡©ã§ãããç¹
ã«ïŒäŸ¡ã®éå±å¡©ãã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ãäœçŽèèªæã¢
ãã³å¡©ãäœçŽèèªæã¢ã«ã«ããŒã«ã¢ãã³å¡©ã奜ãŸ
ããããããã®å¡©ã¯ãé žãããã¯å¡©åºã®ãããã
äžæ¹ãéå°ã§ãã€ãŠãããããŸãå¡©ãäœæåŸå©çš
ããŠããé žãšå¯Ÿã«ãªãå¡©åºãå¥ã ã«å©çšããŠãã
ãŸããªãã å¡©ã圢æããéå±ãšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°ãªããŠã ã
ãããªãŠã ãã«ãªãŠã ããã°ãã·ãŠã ãã«ã«ã·ãŠ
ã ãäºéãã«ãããŠã ãããªãŠã ãã¢ã³ã¢ããŠ
ã ãéãã¹ãºãé ãã¯ãã ããã³ã¬ã³ãéãã³ã
ã«ããããã±ã«çãæçšã§ããã å¡©ã圢æããã¢ãã³ãšããŠã¯ãèèªæã¢ãã³ã
èç°æã¢ãã³ãè³éŠæã¢ãã³ãã¢ã«ã«ããŒã«ã¢ã
ã³ãããªãžã³ãšãã®èªå°äœãïŒçŽåãããæã
ãååç©çããããäŸãã°ã¡ãã«ã¢ãã³ããšãã«
ã¢ãã³ãããã«ã¢ãã³ããªã¯ãã«ã¢ãã³ãã©ãŠãª
ã«ã¢ãã³ãã¹ãã¢ãªã«ã¢ãã³ããªã¬ã€ã«ã¢ãã³ã
ãžã¡ãã«ã¢ãã³ãâã¡ãã«âã©ãŠãªã«ã¢ãã³ã
ãžã©ãŠãªã«ã¢ãã³ãããªã¡ãã«ã¢ãã³ãïŒïŒ®â
ãžã¡ãã«âã©ãŠãªã«ã¢ãã³ããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ã
ãããµã¡ãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ããžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ã
ã³ãçèã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ãã³ãã·ã¯ãããã·ã«ã¢ã
ã³ãã·ã¯ãããã·ã«ãžã¢ãã³ãããªãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢
ãã³ãã¢ã«ããªã³ãã¢ããšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³ããžãš
ã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³ãããªãšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³ãã¢ãã€
ãœãããããŒã«ã¢ãã³ããžã€ãœãããããŒã«ã¢ã
ã³ãããªã€ãœãããããŒã«ã¢ãã³ãã¢ããªã³ãïœ
âãã«ã€ãžã³ãïœâãã«ã€ãžã³ããããã¢ããª
ã³ããã³ãžã«ã¢ãã³ãããªãžã³ãããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢
ãã³ããã³ãžãžã³çãæçšã§ããã 該ã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªã
é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã¯ãå ¬ç¥ã®ååç©ã§ãããå ¬
ç¥æ¹æ³ïŒäŸãã°ç¹å ¬æ43â21659ïŒã«ãã補é ã
ãããšãã§ããããäŸãã°ã¡ã©ãã³ã«37ïŒ ãã«ã
ãªã³æº¶æ¶²ãå ããPHïŒãïŒã§ã¡ãããŒã«ååå¿
åŸãéäºç¡«é žãœãŒããäºç¡«é žãœãŒãçã®ã¹ã«ãã³
åå€ã«ããã¹ã«ãã³åããç¡«é žãç¡é žçã®é±é žã
å ããŠé žæ§åã§çž®ååå¿ãè¡ããããæŽã«ã¯é å¡©
åå¿ãè¡ããããŠåŸãããããå Žåã«ãã€ãŠã¯æŽ
ã«ã¹ã«ãã¡ãã«åºåã¯ã¹ã«ãã³åºãå°å ¥ããçã®
åŠçãããŠåŸããããã®ã§ãããããããã®æ¹æ³
ã¯éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã æ¬çºæã«çšããããæ·»å å€(A)ã®å ·äœäŸãšããŠ
ã¯ãäžèšã®åæäŸïŒãïŒã補åãããããããã
ãããã¯ãã®äžäŸã§ããããããã«éå®ãããã
ã®ã§ã¯ãªãã ã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©ãã³ã»ãã«ã ã¢ã«ã
ããçž®åç©ãããªãŠã å¡© ïŒåååãã¡ã«ã¡ã³ãâ10ãæåé»å·¥ïŒæ ªïŒ
è£œïŒ ã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©ãã³ã»ãã«ã ã¢ã«ã
ããçž®åç©ãããªãŠã å¡© ïŒåååãã¡ã«ã¡ã³ãâ20ãæåé»å·¥ïŒæ ªïŒ
è£œïŒ æ¬¡ã«ãæ¬çºæã®æ·»å å€(B)ã«ããããªã°ãã³ã¹ã«
ãã³é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ãšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°éèæš¹
æãåºèæš¹æã®æšæãããããã®ä»ã®ãªã°ãã³ã
å«ããã®ãåæãšããŠãã«ã補é ããéãäºç¡«é ž
æ°ŽçŽ ãå¡©äºç¡«é žæº¶æ¶²ã§èžç ®ããŠåŸãããèžç ®å»æ¶²
ãå Žåã«ãã€ãŠã¯Î²âãããã«ã¢ãã³å¡©é žå¡©ãã¢
ã¯ãªãã©ãã³ãããªãã©ãã³ãç³ç°çã®æ²æŸ±å€ã«
ããæ²æŸ±æ³ãå¡©ææ³ãéææ³ããã³æœåºæ³çã«ã
ã€ãŠãããœãŒã¹ããã³ããŒã¹çã®åç³é¡ãç³å€æ§
ç©ãç¡æ©ç©çãåé¢ç²Ÿè£œãããªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ããã³ãããã®å¡©çãæçšã§ãããããªã°ãã³ã¹
ã«ãã³é žããã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ãäž»æåãšãã
ãã®ã§ããã°ããããªã°ãã³åæãç³ãã®ä»ã®æ
åã®å«æéãååŠåŠçæ¹æ³çã«ãã€ãŠéå®ããã
ãã®ã§ã¯ãªãã æ¬çºæã«çšããããæ·»å å€(B)æåè±ã¹ã«ãã³å
ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©
ãšããŠã¯ãäžèšãããããªãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žã
ãã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ãè±ã¹ã«ãã³åããŠåŸãã
ãååç©ã§ãããã該ååç©ã®ã¹ã«ãã³å床ãã
ãšãã«ãããã³åäœ0.06ã0.25åœéã奜ãŸããã¯
0.06ã0.20åœé以äžã®ãã®ã§ãããäŸãã°äºç¡«é ž
ãã«ãèžç ®å»æ¶²ãããã¯ããããåé¢ç²Ÿè£œãããª
ã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ãé«æž©
é žåããè±ã¹ã«ãã³åããŠåŸãããååç©ãããª
ãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ãæŽã«ã¯ãããã«å«ãŸãã
ç³å€æç©ãç¡æ©ç©çãåé¢ç²Ÿè£œããååç©çãæ
çšã§ããã ãããã®éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã¯ãæªåŠçã®ãã®ã«
æ¯ããã«ã«ããã·åºãããšããŒã«æ§æ°Žé žåºã®å«æ
éãå€ããäžæ¹ã¹ã«ãã³åºãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«æ§æ°Žé žåº
ã¯å°ãªããåååéãçŽïŒäžä»¥äžãšèããå°ã
ãããããã®ã¹ã«ãã³å床ïŒããšãã«ãããã³å
äœïŒ0.06ã0.25åœéã®éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³
ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã¯ãæªåŠ
çã®ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã«æ¯ã
ã¹ã«ãã³åºãèããå°ãªããäžæ¹ã«ã«ããã·ã«åº
ãããšããŒã«æ§æ°Žé žåºãå€ãå®èœåºçµæãå šãç°
ãªããããã»ã¡ã³ãâæ°Žã®çé¢ãã»ã¡ã³ã硬åé
床çã«å¯Ÿãã圱é¿ãèããç°ãªããåæ£æ§èœãçµ
æãããŒæ§ã«èããå·®ãçããããšããŸãæªåŠç
ã®ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ãã¡ã¿ã
ãŒã«ãè»é žããžãªããµã³ãããªãžã³ãã¢ããšã¿ã
ãŒã«ã¢ãã³ãããªãšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³ãã°ãªã»ãª
ã³ããšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«çã®ææ©æº¶å€ã«å¯ŸããŠäž
溶ãããã¯é£æº¶ã§ããã®ã«å¯Ÿããæ¬çºæã«ä¿ãã
éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ãã
ãã®å¡©ã¯ããããã®æº¶åªã«å¯Ÿã溶解æ§ãèããè¯
奜ã§ãããååæ§é ãå®èœåºçµæãååéçã«è
ããå·®ãèŠãããããšçããªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žã
ãã³ãããã®å¡©ãšã¯ååŠçãç©ççæ§è³ªã«ã€ããŠ
å šãç°ãªã€ãæ§ç¶ã瀺ãã æ¬çºæã®æ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã«çšããããæ·»
å å€(B)ã¯ãäžèšããéšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹
ã«ãã³é žãããªãé žããã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ã§ã
ãã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒäŸ¡ãïŒäŸ¡ãŸãã¯ïŒäŸ¡ã®éå±å¡©ã
ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ãããã¯ã¢ãã³å¡©ã§ãããç¹ã«ïŒ
䟡ã®éå±å¡©ãã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ãäœçŽèèªæã¢ãã³
å¡©ãäœçŽèèªæã¢ã«ã«ããŒã«ã¢ãã³å¡©ã奜ãŸã
ãããããã®å¡©ã¯ãé žãããã¯å¡©åºã®ããããäž
æ¹ãéå°ã§ãã€ãŠãããããŸãå¡©ãäœæåŸå©çšã
ãŠããé žãšå¯Ÿã«ãªãå¡©åºãå¥ã ã«å©çšããŠãããŸ
ããªãã å¡©ã圢æããéå±ãšããŠã¯ãæ·»å å€(A)ã«ãããŠ
çšããããå¡©ã圢æããéå±ãåæ§ã«æçšã§ã
ããäŸãã°ãªããŠã ããããªãŠã ãã«ãªãŠã ãã
ã°ãã·ãŠã ãã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãããªãŠã ãã¢ã«ãããŠ
ã ãé ãã¯ãã ãéãããã±ã«çãæçšã§ããã åå¡©ã圢æããã¢ãã³ãšããŠã¯ãæ·»å å€(A)ã«ã
ããŠçšããããå¡©ã圢æããã¢ãã³ãåæ§ã«æçš
ã§ãããäŸãã°ã¡ãã«ã¢ãã³ãã©ãŠãªã«ã¢ãã³ã
ãžãšãã«ã¢ãã³ãããªã¡ãã«ã¢ãã³ããšãã¬ã³ãž
ã¢ãã³ããžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ãã³ãã·ã¯ãããã·ã«
ã¢ãã³ãã¢ã«ããªã³ãã¢ããšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³ãã
ãªãšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³ããžã€ãœãããããŒã«ã¢ã
ã³ãã¢ããªã³ãïœâãã«ã€ãžã³ãããªãžã³çãæ
çšã§ããã 該éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããª
ãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã¯ãå ¬ç¥ã®ååç©ã§ããã
å ¬ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ã«ãã補é ããããšãã§ããããäŸã
ã°äºç¡«é žãã«ãèžç ®å»æ¶²ãããã¯åé¢ç²Ÿè£œããã
ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ãã
èæ§ãœãŒãçã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªååšäžãåæPHãïŒä»¥
äžã枩床100ã300â奜ãŸããã¯150ã250âã§ã空
æ°ãããã¯é žçŽ ãå§å ¥ããé«æž©é žåããŠè±ã¹ã«ã
ã³åãè¡ããããå Žåã«ãã€ãŠã¯éå æ§ç³é¡ã®ç³
å€æç©ãç¡æ©ç©çã®åå¿å¯çç©ãåé¢é€å»ããæŽ
ã«ã¯é å¡©åå¿ãè¡ããããŠåŸããããããããã®
æ¹æ³ã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªããããäœãPHã§ç±
åŠçãè±ã¹ã«ãã³åããŠåŸããããã®çã§ãã
ãã æ¬çºæã«çšããããæ·»å å€(B)ã®å ·äœäŸãšããŠ
ã¯ãäžèšã®åæäŸïŒãïŒã補åãããããããã
ãããã¯ãã®äžäŸã§ããããããã«éå®ãããã
ã®ã§ã¯ãªãã éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠ
ã å¡© ïŒåååãããã¬ãã¯ã¹HWãå±±éœåœçãã«
ãïŒæ ªïŒè£œïŒ éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠ
ã å¡© ïŒåååãããã¬ãã¯ã¹RNãå±±éœåœçãã«
ãïŒæ ªïŒè£œïŒ éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠ
ã å¡© ïŒåååãããã¬ãã¯ã¹ïŒ®ãå±±éœåœçãã«ã
ïŒæ ªïŒè£œïŒ éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠ
ã å¡© ïŒåååãMaraspersc CBãMarathon瀟
è£œïŒ æ¬çºæã«çšããããæ·»å å€(A)ã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæ
ããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ãš
æ·»å å€(B)ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ïŒåã¯ããã
ã®å¡©ãè±ã¹ã«ãã³åããŠåŸãããéšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³
åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãé žããã³ãããã®
å¡©ãšã®å²åã¯ãééæ¯ã§(A)ïŒ(B)ïŒ98/2ã10/90奜
ãŸããã¯95/5ã20/80ã®ç¯å²ãšãªãå²åã§ããã
(A)ïŒ(B)ã®å²åã«ãããŠãæ·»å å€(B)ã®å²åã98/2æª
æºã®å Žåã«ã¯ãæ·»å å€(A)åã¯(B)ãåç¬ã«äœ¿çšãã
å Žåã«æ¯ããååãªæµåæ§åäžå¹æãåŸé£ãäžã€
çµæã«ããæµåæ§äœäžãèãããäžæ¹æ·»å å€(B)ã®
å²åã10/90ãè¶ ããå Žåã¯ãæ·»å å€(A)åã¯(B)ã
åç¬ã«äœ¿çšããå Žåã«æ¯ããååãªæµåæ§åäžå¹
æãåŸé£ãäžã€è©²ç¡¬åäœã®åŒ·åºŠãäœäžããæ¬çºæ
ã®æ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã®åªããç©æ§ãåŸãããª
ãçºå¥œãŸãããªãã åæ¬çºæã®æ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã«çšãããã
æ·»å å€(A)ããã³æ·»å å€(B)ã®åèšæ·»å éã¯ãã»ã¡ã³
ãã骚æã®çš®é¡ãç²åŸãç²åºŠãé åæ¡ä»¶ãç·Žãæ··
ããæœè¡ã®æ¡ä»¶çã«ããç°ãªãããéåžžã»ã¡ã³ã
ééã«å¯Ÿã0.01ã10ééïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯0.1ãïŒ
ééïŒ ã®ç¯å²ãšãªãå²åã§ãããåèšæ·»å éãã
0.01ééïŒ æªæºã®å Žåã«ã¯ååãªæµåæ§åäžå¹æ
ãåŸé£ãçºå¥œé©ã§ãªãã10ééïŒ ãè¶ ããå Žåã¯
çµæžçã«äžå©ã§ããã°ããã§ãªããéã«æµåæ§ã
æãæ¬çºæã®æ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã®åªããç©æ§
ãåŸãããªãçºå¥œãŸãããªãã åãæ¬çºæã®æ·»å å€ã¯ã硬åäœè£œé æã®äœæ¥æ§
ã硬åäœã®è«žæ§èœãæ¹åããçºã«ãå¿ èŠã«å¿ãåŸ
æ¥ãã®çš®ã®çµæç©ã«åžžçšãããŠããå ¬ç¥ã®æ·»å
å€ãäŸãã°åçµé 延å€ãåçµä¿é²å€ãæ¶æ³¡å€ã空
æ°é£è¡å€ãæžæ°Žå€ãé²éå€ãé²æ°Žå€ã骚æçãšé©
å®äœµçšããŠãããã éåžžçšããããåçµé 延å€ãšããŠãäŸãã°ã°ãª
ã³ãŒã«é žãã¯ãšã³é žãé ç³é žããªã³ãŽé žãã°ã«ã³
ã³é žãïŒâã±ãã°ã«ã³ã³é žããããã³é žããµãªã
ã«é žçã®ãªãã·ã«ã«ãã³é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ãã®
é žãé ¢é žãããã¿ã³é žããã«ããã³é žããªã¬ã€ã³
é žããªããŒã«é žãããã³é žãã³ãã¯é žããã¬ã€ã³
é žããããŒã«é žãã¢ãžãã³é žãå®æ¯éŠé žããã¿ã«
é žçã®ã«ã«ãã³é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ãããªããªãª
ã³é žãœãŒããã¡ã¿ãªã³é žãœãŒããã±ã€ããåãã°
ãã·ãŠã ãããŠé žãã¡ã¿ããŠé žãéããŠé žçã®ã
ãŠé žååç©ããã³ãããã®å¡©ãããŠç ãã«ãŒãã
ãçãåçµä¿é²å€ãšããŠãäŸãã°çé žãããªãŠ
ã ãçé žã«ãªãŠã ãçé žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãçé žæ°ŽçŽ
ãããªãŠã ãçé žæ°ŽçŽ ã«ãªãŠã ãçé žæ°ŽçŽ ã¢ã³ã¢
ããŠã çã®çé žå¡©ãå¡©åã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãå¡©åãããª
ãŠã çã®å¡©åç©ãç¡«é žãããªãŠã ãã±ã€é žãããª
ãŠã ãã¢ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã ãããªãšã¿ããŒã«ã¢
ãã³çãæ¶æ³¡å€ãšããŠãäŸãã°å€äŸ¡ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«è
èªé žã®éšåãšã¹ãã«ãããªãªãã·ãšãã¬ã³ã»ãªã
ã·ãããã¬ã³ã»ãããã¯ããªããŒãé«çŽã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«ãã·ãªã³ãŒã³çã空æ°é£è¡å€ãšããŠãäŸãã°ã
ãããã·ãšãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãããããã·ãããã«
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã¡ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã¡ãã«ãããã
ã·ãšãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã¡ãã«ããããã·ãããã«
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãããªãªãã·ãšãã¬ã³ã¢ã«ãã«ãšãŒã
ã«ãããªãªãã·ãšãã¬ã³ã¢ã«ãã«ãµã«ããšãŒãã
ã¢ã«ãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãœãŒãã倩ç¶æš¹èé ž
å¡©ãåç©æ§å æ°Žå解ã¿ã³ãã¯è³ªãã¢ã«ãç²æ«çã
æžæ°Žå€ãšããŠãäŸãã°ããã¿ãªã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãã«
ã ã¢ã«ãããçž®åç©ããªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žå¡©ãã
ãã¿ãªã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žã»ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãã«ã
ã¢ã«ãããå ±çž®åç©ãç³æ²¹ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ãã
ãã®ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããçž®åç©ãã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãã¡ã¿
ã¯ãªã«é žããã¬ã€ã³é žçã®äžé£œåã«ã«ãã³é žãå«
ãåç¬éåäœãŸãã¯å ±éåäœãããªãé žããã³ã
ããã®å¡©çãé²éå€ãšããŠãäŸãã°ã¯ãã é žå¡©ã
äºç¡é žå¡©çã®é žåå€ããªã³é žå¡©ãã¢ãã³çãé²æ°Ž
å€ãšããŠãäŸãã°ãã©ã€ã¢ãã·ãŠãã±ã€ãœãŠåã
ã±ã€é žçœåçã®ã±ã€é žè³ªç²æ«ããžã«ã³ããŠã åå
ç©ããã©ãã€ã³ãã¢ã¹ãã¢ã«ããããªé ¢é žãã
ã«ã»ãšãã«ãžãšã³ãå¡©åããã«ã»ãšãã«ãžãšã³ã
ãšããã·æš¹èãšãã«ãžãšã³çã®ãšãã«ãžãšã³ã»ã
ãªããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãã¹ãã¢ãªã³é žããã«çã®é«
çŽèèªé žãšã¹ãã«çãããã æ¬çºæã®æ·»å å€ã¯ãåç¬ã®ãŸã䜿çšããŠããã
ããæå¹ã«æ©èœãããããã«ãäºã溶å€äŸãã°
æ°ŽãäœçŽèèªæã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãäœçŽèèªæã¢ãã³ã
ãã³ãããã®æ··åç©çã«ãšãã䜿çšããããšã奜
ãŸãããæ¬çºæã®æ·»å å€(A)ããã³(B)ãæ·»å ããå Ž
åããããããå¥ã ã«æå ¥ããŠãããããã¯äºã
æ··åãã液ãªããã¯ç²æ«ãæå ¥ããŠããäœãã®æ¹
æ³ã§ããããåãããã®æ·»å æ¹æ³ã¯ãäŸãã°ç·Žã
æ··ãéå§æç¹ãç·Žãæ··ãéäžããããã¯ç·Žãæ··ã
ãŠããæèšãããŸã§ã®ä»»æã®æç¹ã«å ããŠãã
ããåã¯æ·»å å€ã®äžéšãç·Žãæ··ãéå§æã«å ãã
æ®éšãç·Žãæ··ãéäžã«å ãããšããåå²æ·»å æ¹æ³
ã§ãããããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ãã€ãŠãæ¬çºæã®å¹æ
ãéæããããšãã§ããããæŽã«æå¹ã«æ©èœãã
ãããã«ã¯ãç·Žãæ··ãéå§æãæ°åç§ãªããæ°å
é ããŠæ·»å ããããšã奜ãŸããã æ¬çºæã®æ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã«çšããããã»
ã¡ã³ããšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°æ®éãæ©åŒ·ãè¶ æ©åŒ·ãäž
庞ç±ãçœè²ã®ããªãã©ã³ãã»ã¡ã³ããã·ãªã«ãã
ã©ã€ã¢ãã·ãŠãé«çæ°Žç ã¹ã©ã°çãé åããæ··å
ã»ã¡ã³ããèšåŒµã»ã¡ã³ããã«ã«ã·ãŠã ã¢ã«ãããŒ
ããšç³ãããååšãããæ¥ç¡¬ã»ã¡ã³ããã¢ã«ãã
ã»ã¡ã³ããæŽã«ã¯é«çæ°Žç ã¹ã©ã°ãšã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±
åã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãªåé¡éå±ã®æ°Žé žåç©ãé žåç©ãçé ž
å¡©ãç¡«é žå¡©çã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªåºæ¿å€ãããªãã»ã¡ã³ã
çããããããããã»ã¡ã³ãã®è£œé æ¹æ³ãååŠçµ
æãç²æ«åºŠçã«ãããããªãå©çšããããšãã§ã
ããåãã®ã»ã¡ã³ãã¯ãåç¬ã®ãŸããããã¯çŽ°éªš
æãç²éªšæçãšãšãã«çšããŠããããé垞现骚æ
ããã³ïŒåã¯ç²éªšæã«å¯Ÿãééæ¯ã§0.1ã1.0ã®å²
åã§çšããããããèŠæ±ããã硬åäœè£œé æã®äœ
æ¥æ§ã硬åäœã®è«žæ§èœã«åããå®æœè ã«ãããŠé©
å®éžæããããšãã§ããã å°ã該氎硬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©äžã®æ°Žåéã¯ãç®
çã«åããŠæé©ãªãã®ãšããããšãã§ããããé
åžžæ°ŽïŒã»ã¡ã³ãæ¯ïŒééïŒã§0.3ã0.7ã®å²åã§äœ¿
çšãããé«åŒ·åºŠã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒã補åã補é ããã«ã¯
æ°Žåéãå°ãªãããããšã奜ãŸãããæ°ŽïŒã»ã¡ã³
ãæ¯ã0.3æªæºã®å Žåã«ã¯ãæµåæ§ãèããæã
ãäžã€ã»ã¡ã³ãã®ç¡¬åãäžååãšãªãçºè©²çµæç©
ã®ç¡¬åäœåŒ·åºŠãäœäžããäžæ¹0.7ãè¶ ããå Žåã«
ã¯ãæµåæ§ã¯åäžããã該çµæç©ã®ç¡¬åäœåŒ·åºŠã
èããäœäžãããã奜ãŸãããªãã ïŒçºæã®å¹æïŒ æ¬çºæã®æ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã¯ãæµåæ§ãåª
ããçµæã«ããæµåæ§äœäžãå°ãªãçºç¡¬åäœè£œé
æã®äœæ¥æ§ã«åªããäžã€è©²çµæç©ã®ç¡¬åäœåŒ·åºŠã
åªãããã®ã§ããã 次ã«æ¬çºæãåæäŸåã³å®æœäŸã«ãã詳现ã«èª¬
æããã åæäŸ ïŒ ã¡ã©ãã³189ïœããã³37ïŒ ãã«ããªã³æº¶æ¶²365ïœ
ãæ··åãã70âã§åå¿ããããåå¿æ¶²ãéæã«ãª
ã€ãåŸã50âã«ãŠäºç¡«é žæ°ŽçŽ ãããªãŠã 156ïœã
ãã³æ°Ž184ïœãå ããèæ§ãœãŒã氎溶液ã«ãŠPH
10.5ã«èª¿æŽãã80âã«ãŠïŒæéåå¿ãããã次ã«
60âã«å·åŽåŸãç¡«é žã«ãŠPH5.0ã«èª¿æŽãã60âã«
ãŠïŒæéåå¿ãããããã®æš¹è溶液ã«èæ§ãœãŒã
氎溶液ãå ãPH9.8ã«èª¿æŽããã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæ
ããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãŠã 塩氎溶液ïŒïŒ¡âïŒïŒ
ãåŸãããã®ãã®ã®40ééïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ç²åºŠã¯ã
80CPïŒ25âïŒã§ãã€ãã åæäŸ ïŒ ã¡ã©ãã³136ïœãããšããŒã«33ïœããã³37ïŒ ã
ã«ããªã³æº¶æ¶²380ïœãæ··åãã70âã§åå¿ãããã
åå¿æ¶²ãéæã«ãªã€ãåŸã50âã«ãŠäºç¡«é žãããª
ãŠã 64ïœãäºç¡«é žæ°ŽçŽ ãããªãŠã 95ïœããã³æ°Ž
200ïœãå ããèæ§ãœãŒã氎溶液ã«ãŠPH11.0ã«èª¿
æŽãã80âã«ãŠïŒæéåå¿ãããã次ã«60âã«å·
åŽåŸãç¡«é žã«ãŠPH6.0ã«èª¿æŽãã60âã«ãŠïŒæé
åå¿ãããããã®æš¹è溶液ã«èæ§ãœãŒã氎溶液ã
å ãPH11.3ã«èª¿æŽããã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©
ãã³æš¹èãããªãŠã 塩氎溶液ïŒïŒ¡âïŒïŒãåŸãã
ãã®ãã®ã®40ééïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ç²åºŠã¯ã180CPïŒ25âïŒ
ã§ãã€ãã åæäŸ ïŒ ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã 溶液ãååå
ããµã³ãšãã¹252ãå±±éœåœçãã«ãïŒæ ªïŒè£œãæ¿åºŠ
43ééïŒ ã該ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã ã®ã¹
ã«ãã³å床ïŒããšãã«ãããã³åäœåœãïŒ0.46åœ
éã232.6ïœã«èæ§ãœãŒã50.0ïœå ãã液ã170ã
200âã1.5æéé žçŽ å§å ¥ãé žååŠçããåŸãç¡«é ž
ãå ãPH2.5ãšããè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ã
ã³é žãæ²æŸ±ããããéšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹
ã«ãã³é žïŒïŒ¢âïŒïŒãåŸãããã®ãã®ã®ã¹ã«ãã³
å床ïŒããšãã«ãããã³åäœåœãïŒã¯ã0.06åœé
ã§ãã€ãããããèæ§ãœãŒãã§PH7.5ã«äžåãã
çŽåºŠ92ïŒ ã®éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ãããªãŠã ïŒïŒ¢âïŒïŒãåŸãã åæäŸ ïŒ ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã 溶液ãååå
ããµã³ãšãã¹252ãå±±éœåœçãã«ã(æ ª)補ãæ¿åºŠ43é
éïŒ ã該ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã ã®ã¹ã«ã
ã³å床ïŒããšãã«ãããã³åäœåœãïŒ0.46åœéã
ã«40ïŒ èæ§ãœãŒã液ãå ããŠPH12ãšããåŸã150
ã180âã§60åéã空æ°ãå§å ¥ããé žååŠçããã
ããã«ç¡«é žãå ãPH2.5ãšããè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°
ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãæ²æŸ±ããããéšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³å
ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãåŸãããã®ãã®ã®ã¹ã«ãã³
å床ïŒããšãã«ãããã³åäœåœãïŒã¯ã0.23åœé
ã§ãã€ãããããèæ§ãœãŒãã§PHïŒãšããçŽåºŠ95
ïŒ ã®éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããª
ãŠã ïŒïŒ¢âïŒïŒãåŸãã å®æœäŸ ïŒ å°éç°æ®éãã«ãã©ã³ãã»ã¡ã³ã520ïœã现骚
æã»çžæš¡å·ç£å·ç ïŒæ倧寞æ³2.5mmïŒ1040ïœã第
ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºãæ·»å å€(A)ããã³æ·»å å€(B)ã®æ·»å éã溶
解ãã氎溶液286ïœããJISR5201ã«æºæ ããæ©æ¢°
ç·Žãã®æ¹æ³ã«ããã¢ã«ã¿ã«ãåŸãããã®ã¢ã«ã¿ã«
ãJIS  5201ã«æºæ ããŠãç·ŽãäžãçŽåŸã®ã¢ã«
ã¿ã«ã®ããŒãã«ãããŒã枬å®ããæŽã«ã¢ã«ã¿ã«ã
ã¢ã«ã¿ã«ãããµãŒã«ãŠäœéå転äžã§ç·Žãç¶ããç·Ž
ãäžã30ååŸãå60ååŸã«ããŒãã«ãããŒã枬å®
ãããããŒã®çµæå€åã枬å®ãããåãã®ã¢ã«ã¿
ã«ã®å§çž®åŒ·åºŠã¯ãJIS  5201ã«æºæ ããç·Žãäž
ãçŽåŸã®ã¢ã«ã¿ã«ãæåããæšæºé€çããæã®æ
什ïŒæ¥ãïŒæ¥ã28æ¥ã«ã€ããŠæž¬å®ããããããã®
ãããŒå€ãå§çž®åŒ·åºŠå€ã«ã€ããŠç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºããã
åæ¬çºæã®æ·»å å€ä»¥å€ã®ãã®ã䜿çšããã¢ã«ã¿ã«
ã®å Žåãæ¯èŒäŸãšããŠç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ å¯åŸåŒãããµãŒãçšããŠãã¢ãµãæ®éãã«ãã©
ã³ãã»ã¡ã³ã354KgïŒm3ã现骚æã»çžæš¡å·ç£å·ç
ïŒæ倧寞æ³2.5mmïŒ797KgïŒm3ãç²éªšæã»çžæš¡å·ç£
å·ç å©ïŒæ倧寞æ³25mmïŒ1056KgïŒm3ã第ïŒè¡šã«ç€º
ãæ·»å å€(A)ããã³æ·»å å€(B)ã®æ·»å éã溶解ããæ°Ž
溶液188ïœããç·Žãæ··ããŠã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒããåŸãã
ãã®ã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒããJISA 1101ãJISA 1128ã«æº
æ ããŠãç·ŽãäžãçŽåŸã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒãã®ã¹ã©ã³ãã
ãã³ç©ºæ°éã枬å®ãããæŽã«ã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒããå転
æ°3rpmã«èª¿æŽããŠç·Žãç¶ããç·Žãäžã30ååŸã
å60ååŸã«ã¹ã©ã³ãããã³ç©ºæ°éã枬å®ããããŸ
ããã®ã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒãã®å§çž®åŒ·åºŠã¯ãJISA1132ã
A1108ã«æºæ ããŠãç·ŽãäžãçŽåŸã®ã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒã
ãæåããæšæºé€çããæã®æ什ïŒæ¥ãïŒæ¥ã28
æ¥ã«ã€ããŠæž¬å®ããããããã®ã¹ã©ã³ãå€ãå§çž®
匷床å€ã«ã€ããŠç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºãããåæ¬çºæã®æ·»å
å€ä»¥å€ã®ãã®ãå©çšããã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒãã®å Žåãæ¯
èŒäŸãšããŠç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºããã 第ïŒè¡šã第ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºããåŠããæ¬çºæã®æ°Žç¡¬æ§
ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã¯ãç¹å®ã®æ·»å å€(A)ããã³(B)ãçš
ããããšã«ãããæ·»å å€(A)ïŒ(B)ã倫ã åç¬ã«äœ¿çš
ããå Žåã«æ¯ããæµåæ§ãåªããçµæã«ããæµå
äœäžãå°ãªããå該硬åäœã®åŒ·åºŠãé«ããã®ã§ã
ã€ãã äžæ¹ãæ¯èŒäŸã«ç€ºãããã®ä»ã®æ·»å å€ãçšãã
ãã®ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãæµåæ§ãå£ããçµæã«ããæµå
æ§äœäžã倧ãããå該硬åäœã®åŒ·åºŠãå£ããè¯å¥œ
ãªæ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ãåŸãããšãã§ããªãã€
ãã
ããçµæã«ããæµåæ§äœäžãå°ãªããæŽã«è©²çµæ
ç©ã®ç¡¬åäœãé«åŒ·åºŠã§ãã氎硬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©
ã«é¢ããã ïŒåŸæ¥æè¡ïŒ ã¢ã«ã¿ã«åã¯ã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒãæœè¡ã«ãããŠãæžæ°Ž
å€ã空æ°é£è¡å€ãåçµé 延å€ãåçµéé²å€ãæ¶æ³¡
å€ãé²æ°Žå€ãé²éå€çã®å€ãã®æ··åå€ãããã®äœ¿
çšç®çã«å¿ããŠçšããããŠãããæžæ°Žå€ã¯ããã
ãã®æ··åå€ã®äžã§ãæãè¯ãçšãããããã®ã®ïŒ
ã€ã§ãããããã¯ãŸã åºãŸããªãã¢ã«ã¿ã«ãã³ã³
ã¯ãªãŒãã®æµåæ§ãå¢å€§ãããããåäžæµåæ§ãª
ãã°äœ¿çšæ°Žéã®æžå°ã«ããæœè¡åŸã®ç¡¬åäœåŒ·åºŠã®
å¢å€§çã®å¹æãããã åŸæ¥ã氎硬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã®æžæ°Žå€ãšããŠã
ã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ãªã«ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ãã
ãã¿ãªã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããçž®åç©ãã
ã³ãããã®å¡©ããªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ããã
ã®å¡©ããªãã·ã«ã«ãã³é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ãã¹ã«
ãã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãé žããã³
ãããã®å¡©çã®å©çšãææ¡ãããŠããã ïŒçºæã解決ããããšããåé¡ç¹ïŒ ããããæžæ°Žå€ã®ãã¡ãã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæãã
ã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã¯ã空
æ°é£è¡æ§ãå°ãªãããŸãäœåäœæ°Žéã®ç³»ã«ãããŠ
ãè¯å¥œãªæµåæ§ãåŸããã硬åä¿é²äœçšãããã
çæ匷床çºçŸã«åªããç¹ã«é«åŒ·åºŠãå¿ èŠãšããã»
ã¡ã³ã補åã«æå¹ãªãã®ã§ãããããããã¹ã«ã
ã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãé žããã³ã
ããã®å¡©ã¯ãäœæ·»å çã§ã¯æµåæ§ãæªãå€éã®æ·»
å ãå¿ èŠãšããããšãæµåæ§ãçæéã®ãã¡ã«æ¥
æ¿ã«äœäžããçºéåžžã®äœ¿çšã®éã«ã¯çŸå Žæå ¥ãå
å²æ·»å çãå¿ èŠã§ããããšçãæè¡çã«ãŸãçµå€
çã«å€§ããªåé¡ãšãªãå®çšçã§ãªãã ïŒåé¡ç¹ã解決ããããã®ææ®µïŒ æ¬çºè çã¯ãã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹
èãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã®äžèšããæ¬ é¥ã
å æããçºéææ€èšããçµæããªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³
é žããã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ãè±ã¹ã«ãã³åããŠåŸ
ãããéšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãã
ã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ãšäœµçšããããšã«ãããã¹ã«
ãã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãé žãã
ã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ãæžæ°Žå€ãšããŠåç¬ã«äœ¿çšã
ãå Žåã«æ¯ããæµåæ§ãèããåªããçµæã«ãã
æµåæ§äœäžãèããæ¹è¯ãããå該çµæç©ã®ç¡¬å
äœãé«åŒ·åºŠã§ãããšããåªããå¹æãåŸãããæž
æ°Žå€ãšããŠã®æ§èœãèããåäžããããšãèŠåºã
ãŠæ¬çºæã«å°éããã ããªãã¡ãæ¬çºæã¯ãã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæããã¡
ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã®äžãã
éžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®(A)ãšããªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³
é žããã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ãè±ã¹ã«ãã³åããŠåŸ
ãããã¹ã«ãã³å床ïŒããšãã«ãããã³åäœïŒ
0.06ã0.25åœéã®éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«
ãã³é žãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã®äžããéžã°
ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®(B)ãšãå«æããããšãç¹åŸŽãš
ãã氎硬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã§ããã æ¬çºæã«çšããããæ·»å å€(A)ã®ã¹ã«ãã³é žåºã
æããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©
ãšããŠã¯ãã¡ã©ãã³ãŸãã¯ã¡ã©ãã³ãšä»ã®çž®åå¯
èœãªååç©ãšã®æ··åç©ããã¢ã«ãããååç©ãã
ã³ã¹ã«ãã³åå€ãšåå¿ãããæŽã«çž®ååå¿ãè¡ã
ãããå Žåã«ãã€ãŠã¯é å¡©åå¿ãè¡ããããŠåŸã
ããååç©ã§ããã ã¡ã©ãã³ãšãšãã«çšããããä»ã®çž®åå¯èœãªå
åç©ãšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°å°¿çŽ ãã°ã¢ããã³ããžã·ã¢
ã³ãžã¢ãããããªå°¿çŽ ãã¹ã«ãã³åå°¿çŽ ãã¢ã
ã³ãé žã¢ããçã®å«ã¢ããåºååç©ãããšããŒ
ã«ãã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ããã·ã¬ããŒã«ãã¬ãŸã«ã·ã³ãã¹
ã«ãã³åããšããŒã«çã®ããšããŒã«é¡ååç©çã
æçšã§ãããããããã®ååç©ã®å«æéã¯ãã¡ã©
ãã³ãšä»ã®çž®åå¯èœãªååç©ãšã®æ··åç©ã®åèšã¢
ã«æ¯ã«å¯Ÿãã60ã¢ã«ïŒ 以äžã§ããããšã奜ãŸã
ãã ã¢ã«ãããååç©ãšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°ãã«ã ã¢ã«
ãããããã©ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããããŠããããã³ç
ã®ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããéåããã³çž®åç©ããã«ã ã¢
ã«ãããéäºç¡«é žå¡©ä»å ç©ãã¢ã»ãã¢ã«ãããç
ãæçšã§ãããç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã¯ããã«ã ã¢ã«ãã
ãããã³ãã®èªå°äœã§ããã ã¹ã«ãã³åå€ãšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°äºç¡«é žãœãŒãã
äºç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã çã®äºç¡«é žå¡©ãéäºç¡«é žãœãŒ
ããéäºç¡«é žã«ãªãŠã ãéäºç¡«é žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ç
ã®éäºç¡«é žå¡©ãããäºç¡«é žãœãŒãããã«ã ã¢ã«ã
ããéäºç¡«é žå¡©ä»å ç©ããã³ãããã®æ··åç©çã
æçšã§ããã åæ¬çºæã«çšããããæ·»å å€(A)ã«ãããã¡ã©ã
ã³ãŸãã¯ã¡ã©ãã³ãšä»ã®çž®åå¯èœãªååç©ãšã®æ··
åç©ã«å¯Ÿããçµåã¢ã«ãããååç©ã®ã¢ã«æ¯ã¯ã
ç¹ã«å¶éããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããéåžžã¡ã©ãã³ãŸ
ãã¯ã¡ã©ãã³ãšä»ã®çž®åå¯èœãªååç©ãšã®æ··åç©
ïŒã¢ã«åœããã¢ã«ãããååç©ã¯1.5ãïŒã¢ã«ã
奜ãŸããã¯ïŒãïŒã¢ã«ã§ãããåã¡ã©ãã³ãŸãã¯
ã¡ã©ãã³ãšä»ã®çž®åå¯èœãªååç©ãšã®æ··åç©ã«å¯Ÿ
ããçµåã¹ã«ãã³é žåºã®ã¢ã«æ¯ããç¹ã«å¶éãã
ããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããéåžžã¡ã©ãã³ãŸãã¯ã¡ã©ãã³
ãšä»ã®çž®åå¯èœãªååç©ãšã®æ··åç©ïŒã¢ã«åœãã
çµåã¹ã«ãã³é žåºã¯0.22ã2.0ã¢ã«ã奜ãŸããã¯
0.85ã1.20ã¢ã«ã§ãããã¹ã«ãã³é žåºã0.85ã¢ã«
æªæºã®å Žåã«ã¯ã該ååç©æº¶æ¶²ã®ç²åºŠãé«ãé«å
åéã«ãªããã¡ã§å¥œãŸãããªããäžæ¹1.20ã¢ã«ã
è¶ ããå Žåã«ã¯ãéçž®ååå¿ãé ããªããã¡ã§å¥œ
ãŸãããªãã å該添å å€(A)ã®20ïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ§ç²åºŠãã1000cp以
äžã®ãã®ã奜ãŸãããæŽã«å¥œãŸããã¯400cp以äž
ã®ãã®ã§ããã1000cpãè¶ ãããã®ã«ã€ããŠã¯ã
å¢ç²å¹æã倧ãããéã«æ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã®
æµåæ§ãäœäžããçºå¥œãŸãããªãã æ¬çºæã®æ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã«çšããããç¹
å®ã®æ·»å å€(A)ã¯ãäžèšããã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæãã
ã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãé žããã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©
ã§ããã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒäŸ¡ãïŒäŸ¡ãŸãã¯ïŒäŸ¡ã®éå±
å¡©ãã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ãããã¯ã¢ãã³å¡©ã§ãããç¹
ã«ïŒäŸ¡ã®éå±å¡©ãã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ãäœçŽèèªæã¢
ãã³å¡©ãäœçŽèèªæã¢ã«ã«ããŒã«ã¢ãã³å¡©ã奜ãŸ
ããããããã®å¡©ã¯ãé žãããã¯å¡©åºã®ãããã
äžæ¹ãéå°ã§ãã€ãŠãããããŸãå¡©ãäœæåŸå©çš
ããŠããé žãšå¯Ÿã«ãªãå¡©åºãå¥ã ã«å©çšããŠãã
ãŸããªãã å¡©ã圢æããéå±ãšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°ãªããŠã ã
ãããªãŠã ãã«ãªãŠã ããã°ãã·ãŠã ãã«ã«ã·ãŠ
ã ãäºéãã«ãããŠã ãããªãŠã ãã¢ã³ã¢ããŠ
ã ãéãã¹ãºãé ãã¯ãã ããã³ã¬ã³ãéãã³ã
ã«ããããã±ã«çãæçšã§ããã å¡©ã圢æããã¢ãã³ãšããŠã¯ãèèªæã¢ãã³ã
èç°æã¢ãã³ãè³éŠæã¢ãã³ãã¢ã«ã«ããŒã«ã¢ã
ã³ãããªãžã³ãšãã®èªå°äœãïŒçŽåãããæã
ãååç©çããããäŸãã°ã¡ãã«ã¢ãã³ããšãã«
ã¢ãã³ãããã«ã¢ãã³ããªã¯ãã«ã¢ãã³ãã©ãŠãª
ã«ã¢ãã³ãã¹ãã¢ãªã«ã¢ãã³ããªã¬ã€ã«ã¢ãã³ã
ãžã¡ãã«ã¢ãã³ãâã¡ãã«âã©ãŠãªã«ã¢ãã³ã
ãžã©ãŠãªã«ã¢ãã³ãããªã¡ãã«ã¢ãã³ãïŒïŒ®â
ãžã¡ãã«âã©ãŠãªã«ã¢ãã³ããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ã
ãããµã¡ãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³ããžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ã
ã³ãçèã¢ã«ãã«ã¢ãã³ãã·ã¯ãããã·ã«ã¢ã
ã³ãã·ã¯ãããã·ã«ãžã¢ãã³ãããªãšãã¬ã³ãžã¢
ãã³ãã¢ã«ããªã³ãã¢ããšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³ããžãš
ã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³ãããªãšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³ãã¢ãã€
ãœãããããŒã«ã¢ãã³ããžã€ãœãããããŒã«ã¢ã
ã³ãããªã€ãœãããããŒã«ã¢ãã³ãã¢ããªã³ãïœ
âãã«ã€ãžã³ãïœâãã«ã€ãžã³ããããã¢ããª
ã³ããã³ãžã«ã¢ãã³ãããªãžã³ãããšãã¬ã³ãžã¢
ãã³ããã³ãžãžã³çãæçšã§ããã 該ã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªã
é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã¯ãå ¬ç¥ã®ååç©ã§ãããå ¬
ç¥æ¹æ³ïŒäŸãã°ç¹å ¬æ43â21659ïŒã«ãã補é ã
ãããšãã§ããããäŸãã°ã¡ã©ãã³ã«37ïŒ ãã«ã
ãªã³æº¶æ¶²ãå ããPHïŒãïŒã§ã¡ãããŒã«ååå¿
åŸãéäºç¡«é žãœãŒããäºç¡«é žãœãŒãçã®ã¹ã«ãã³
åå€ã«ããã¹ã«ãã³åããç¡«é žãç¡é žçã®é±é žã
å ããŠé žæ§åã§çž®ååå¿ãè¡ããããæŽã«ã¯é å¡©
åå¿ãè¡ããããŠåŸãããããå Žåã«ãã€ãŠã¯æŽ
ã«ã¹ã«ãã¡ãã«åºåã¯ã¹ã«ãã³åºãå°å ¥ããçã®
åŠçãããŠåŸããããã®ã§ãããããããã®æ¹æ³
ã¯éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã æ¬çºæã«çšããããæ·»å å€(A)ã®å ·äœäŸãšããŠ
ã¯ãäžèšã®åæäŸïŒãïŒã補åãããããããã
ãããã¯ãã®äžäŸã§ããããããã«éå®ãããã
ã®ã§ã¯ãªãã ã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©ãã³ã»ãã«ã ã¢ã«ã
ããçž®åç©ãããªãŠã å¡© ïŒåååãã¡ã«ã¡ã³ãâ10ãæåé»å·¥ïŒæ ªïŒ
è£œïŒ ã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©ãã³ã»ãã«ã ã¢ã«ã
ããçž®åç©ãããªãŠã å¡© ïŒåååãã¡ã«ã¡ã³ãâ20ãæåé»å·¥ïŒæ ªïŒ
è£œïŒ æ¬¡ã«ãæ¬çºæã®æ·»å å€(B)ã«ããããªã°ãã³ã¹ã«
ãã³é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ãšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°éèæš¹
æãåºèæš¹æã®æšæãããããã®ä»ã®ãªã°ãã³ã
å«ããã®ãåæãšããŠãã«ã補é ããéãäºç¡«é ž
æ°ŽçŽ ãå¡©äºç¡«é žæº¶æ¶²ã§èžç ®ããŠåŸãããèžç ®å»æ¶²
ãå Žåã«ãã€ãŠã¯Î²âãããã«ã¢ãã³å¡©é žå¡©ãã¢
ã¯ãªãã©ãã³ãããªãã©ãã³ãç³ç°çã®æ²æŸ±å€ã«
ããæ²æŸ±æ³ãå¡©ææ³ãéææ³ããã³æœåºæ³çã«ã
ã€ãŠãããœãŒã¹ããã³ããŒã¹çã®åç³é¡ãç³å€æ§
ç©ãç¡æ©ç©çãåé¢ç²Ÿè£œãããªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ããã³ãããã®å¡©çãæçšã§ãããããªã°ãã³ã¹
ã«ãã³é žããã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ãäž»æåãšãã
ãã®ã§ããã°ããããªã°ãã³åæãç³ãã®ä»ã®æ
åã®å«æéãååŠåŠçæ¹æ³çã«ãã€ãŠéå®ããã
ãã®ã§ã¯ãªãã æ¬çºæã«çšããããæ·»å å€(B)æåè±ã¹ã«ãã³å
ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©
ãšããŠã¯ãäžèšãããããªãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žã
ãã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ãè±ã¹ã«ãã³åããŠåŸãã
ãååç©ã§ãããã該ååç©ã®ã¹ã«ãã³å床ãã
ãšãã«ãããã³åäœ0.06ã0.25åœéã奜ãŸããã¯
0.06ã0.20åœé以äžã®ãã®ã§ãããäŸãã°äºç¡«é ž
ãã«ãèžç ®å»æ¶²ãããã¯ããããåé¢ç²Ÿè£œãããª
ã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ãé«æž©
é žåããè±ã¹ã«ãã³åããŠåŸãããååç©ãããª
ãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ãæŽã«ã¯ãããã«å«ãŸãã
ç³å€æç©ãç¡æ©ç©çãåé¢ç²Ÿè£œããååç©çãæ
çšã§ããã ãããã®éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã¯ãæªåŠçã®ãã®ã«
æ¯ããã«ã«ããã·åºãããšããŒã«æ§æ°Žé žåºã®å«æ
éãå€ããäžæ¹ã¹ã«ãã³åºãã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«æ§æ°Žé žåº
ã¯å°ãªããåååéãçŽïŒäžä»¥äžãšèããå°ã
ãããããã®ã¹ã«ãã³å床ïŒããšãã«ãããã³å
äœïŒ0.06ã0.25åœéã®éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³
ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã¯ãæªåŠ
çã®ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã«æ¯ã
ã¹ã«ãã³åºãèããå°ãªããäžæ¹ã«ã«ããã·ã«åº
ãããšããŒã«æ§æ°Žé žåºãå€ãå®èœåºçµæãå šãç°
ãªããããã»ã¡ã³ãâæ°Žã®çé¢ãã»ã¡ã³ã硬åé
床çã«å¯Ÿãã圱é¿ãèããç°ãªããåæ£æ§èœãçµ
æãããŒæ§ã«èããå·®ãçããããšããŸãæªåŠç
ã®ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ãã¡ã¿ã
ãŒã«ãè»é žããžãªããµã³ãããªãžã³ãã¢ããšã¿ã
ãŒã«ã¢ãã³ãããªãšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³ãã°ãªã»ãª
ã³ããšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«çã®ææ©æº¶å€ã«å¯ŸããŠäž
溶ãããã¯é£æº¶ã§ããã®ã«å¯Ÿããæ¬çºæã«ä¿ãã
éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ãã
ãã®å¡©ã¯ããããã®æº¶åªã«å¯Ÿã溶解æ§ãèããè¯
奜ã§ãããååæ§é ãå®èœåºçµæãååéçã«è
ããå·®ãèŠãããããšçããªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žã
ãã³ãããã®å¡©ãšã¯ååŠçãç©ççæ§è³ªã«ã€ããŠ
å šãç°ãªã€ãæ§ç¶ã瀺ãã æ¬çºæã®æ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã«çšããããæ·»
å å€(B)ã¯ãäžèšããéšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹
ã«ãã³é žãããªãé žããã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ã§ã
ãã奜ãŸããã¯ïŒäŸ¡ãïŒäŸ¡ãŸãã¯ïŒäŸ¡ã®éå±å¡©ã
ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ãããã¯ã¢ãã³å¡©ã§ãããç¹ã«ïŒ
䟡ã®éå±å¡©ãã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ãäœçŽèèªæã¢ãã³
å¡©ãäœçŽèèªæã¢ã«ã«ããŒã«ã¢ãã³å¡©ã奜ãŸã
ãããããã®å¡©ã¯ãé žãããã¯å¡©åºã®ããããäž
æ¹ãéå°ã§ãã€ãŠãããããŸãå¡©ãäœæåŸå©çšã
ãŠããé žãšå¯Ÿã«ãªãå¡©åºãå¥ã ã«å©çšããŠãããŸ
ããªãã å¡©ã圢æããéå±ãšããŠã¯ãæ·»å å€(A)ã«ãããŠ
çšããããå¡©ã圢æããéå±ãåæ§ã«æçšã§ã
ããäŸãã°ãªããŠã ããããªãŠã ãã«ãªãŠã ãã
ã°ãã·ãŠã ãã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãããªãŠã ãã¢ã«ãããŠ
ã ãé ãã¯ãã ãéãããã±ã«çãæçšã§ããã åå¡©ã圢æããã¢ãã³ãšããŠã¯ãæ·»å å€(A)ã«ã
ããŠçšããããå¡©ã圢æããã¢ãã³ãåæ§ã«æçš
ã§ãããäŸãã°ã¡ãã«ã¢ãã³ãã©ãŠãªã«ã¢ãã³ã
ãžãšãã«ã¢ãã³ãããªã¡ãã«ã¢ãã³ããšãã¬ã³ãž
ã¢ãã³ããžãšãã¬ã³ããªã¢ãã³ãã·ã¯ãããã·ã«
ã¢ãã³ãã¢ã«ããªã³ãã¢ããšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³ãã
ãªãšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³ããžã€ãœãããããŒã«ã¢ã
ã³ãã¢ããªã³ãïœâãã«ã€ãžã³ãããªãžã³çãæ
çšã§ããã 該éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããª
ãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã¯ãå ¬ç¥ã®ååç©ã§ããã
å ¬ç¥ã®æ¹æ³ã«ãã補é ããããšãã§ããããäŸã
ã°äºç¡«é žãã«ãèžç ®å»æ¶²ãããã¯åé¢ç²Ÿè£œããã
ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ïŒåã¯ãããã®å¡©ãã
èæ§ãœãŒãçã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªååšäžãåæPHãïŒä»¥
äžã枩床100ã300â奜ãŸããã¯150ã250âã§ã空
æ°ãããã¯é žçŽ ãå§å ¥ããé«æž©é žåããŠè±ã¹ã«ã
ã³åãè¡ããããå Žåã«ãã€ãŠã¯éå æ§ç³é¡ã®ç³
å€æç©ãç¡æ©ç©çã®åå¿å¯çç©ãåé¢é€å»ããæŽ
ã«ã¯é å¡©åå¿ãè¡ããããŠåŸããããããããã®
æ¹æ³ã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªããããäœãPHã§ç±
åŠçãè±ã¹ã«ãã³åããŠåŸããããã®çã§ãã
ãã æ¬çºæã«çšããããæ·»å å€(B)ã®å ·äœäŸãšããŠ
ã¯ãäžèšã®åæäŸïŒãïŒã補åãããããããã
ãããã¯ãã®äžäŸã§ããããããã«éå®ãããã
ã®ã§ã¯ãªãã éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠ
ã å¡© ïŒåååãããã¬ãã¯ã¹HWãå±±éœåœçãã«
ãïŒæ ªïŒè£œïŒ éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠ
ã å¡© ïŒåååãããã¬ãã¯ã¹RNãå±±éœåœçãã«
ãïŒæ ªïŒè£œïŒ éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠ
ã å¡© ïŒåååãããã¬ãã¯ã¹ïŒ®ãå±±éœåœçãã«ã
ïŒæ ªïŒè£œïŒ éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠ
ã å¡© ïŒåååãMaraspersc CBãMarathon瀟
è£œïŒ æ¬çºæã«çšããããæ·»å å€(A)ã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæ
ããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ãš
æ·»å å€(B)ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ïŒåã¯ããã
ã®å¡©ãè±ã¹ã«ãã³åããŠåŸãããéšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³
åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãé žããã³ãããã®
å¡©ãšã®å²åã¯ãééæ¯ã§(A)ïŒ(B)ïŒ98/2ã10/90奜
ãŸããã¯95/5ã20/80ã®ç¯å²ãšãªãå²åã§ããã
(A)ïŒ(B)ã®å²åã«ãããŠãæ·»å å€(B)ã®å²åã98/2æª
æºã®å Žåã«ã¯ãæ·»å å€(A)åã¯(B)ãåç¬ã«äœ¿çšãã
å Žåã«æ¯ããååãªæµåæ§åäžå¹æãåŸé£ãäžã€
çµæã«ããæµåæ§äœäžãèãããäžæ¹æ·»å å€(B)ã®
å²åã10/90ãè¶ ããå Žåã¯ãæ·»å å€(A)åã¯(B)ã
åç¬ã«äœ¿çšããå Žåã«æ¯ããååãªæµåæ§åäžå¹
æãåŸé£ãäžã€è©²ç¡¬åäœã®åŒ·åºŠãäœäžããæ¬çºæ
ã®æ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã®åªããç©æ§ãåŸãããª
ãçºå¥œãŸãããªãã åæ¬çºæã®æ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã«çšãããã
æ·»å å€(A)ããã³æ·»å å€(B)ã®åèšæ·»å éã¯ãã»ã¡ã³
ãã骚æã®çš®é¡ãç²åŸãç²åºŠãé åæ¡ä»¶ãç·Žãæ··
ããæœè¡ã®æ¡ä»¶çã«ããç°ãªãããéåžžã»ã¡ã³ã
ééã«å¯Ÿã0.01ã10ééïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯0.1ãïŒ
ééïŒ ã®ç¯å²ãšãªãå²åã§ãããåèšæ·»å éãã
0.01ééïŒ æªæºã®å Žåã«ã¯ååãªæµåæ§åäžå¹æ
ãåŸé£ãçºå¥œé©ã§ãªãã10ééïŒ ãè¶ ããå Žåã¯
çµæžçã«äžå©ã§ããã°ããã§ãªããéã«æµåæ§ã
æãæ¬çºæã®æ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã®åªããç©æ§
ãåŸãããªãçºå¥œãŸãããªãã åãæ¬çºæã®æ·»å å€ã¯ã硬åäœè£œé æã®äœæ¥æ§
ã硬åäœã®è«žæ§èœãæ¹åããçºã«ãå¿ èŠã«å¿ãåŸ
æ¥ãã®çš®ã®çµæç©ã«åžžçšãããŠããå ¬ç¥ã®æ·»å
å€ãäŸãã°åçµé 延å€ãåçµä¿é²å€ãæ¶æ³¡å€ã空
æ°é£è¡å€ãæžæ°Žå€ãé²éå€ãé²æ°Žå€ã骚æçãšé©
å®äœµçšããŠãããã éåžžçšããããåçµé 延å€ãšããŠãäŸãã°ã°ãª
ã³ãŒã«é žãã¯ãšã³é žãé ç³é žããªã³ãŽé žãã°ã«ã³
ã³é žãïŒâã±ãã°ã«ã³ã³é žããããã³é žããµãªã
ã«é žçã®ãªãã·ã«ã«ãã³é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ãã®
é žãé ¢é žãããã¿ã³é žããã«ããã³é žããªã¬ã€ã³
é žããªããŒã«é žãããã³é žãã³ãã¯é žããã¬ã€ã³
é žããããŒã«é žãã¢ãžãã³é žãå®æ¯éŠé žããã¿ã«
é žçã®ã«ã«ãã³é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ãããªããªãª
ã³é žãœãŒããã¡ã¿ãªã³é žãœãŒããã±ã€ããåãã°
ãã·ãŠã ãããŠé žãã¡ã¿ããŠé žãéããŠé žçã®ã
ãŠé žååç©ããã³ãããã®å¡©ãããŠç ãã«ãŒãã
ãçãåçµä¿é²å€ãšããŠãäŸãã°çé žãããªãŠ
ã ãçé žã«ãªãŠã ãçé žã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ãçé žæ°ŽçŽ
ãããªãŠã ãçé žæ°ŽçŽ ã«ãªãŠã ãçé žæ°ŽçŽ ã¢ã³ã¢
ããŠã çã®çé žå¡©ãå¡©åã«ã«ã·ãŠã ãå¡©åãããª
ãŠã çã®å¡©åç©ãç¡«é žãããªãŠã ãã±ã€é žãããª
ãŠã ãã¢ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã ãããªãšã¿ããŒã«ã¢
ãã³çãæ¶æ³¡å€ãšããŠãäŸãã°å€äŸ¡ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«è
èªé žã®éšåãšã¹ãã«ãããªãªãã·ãšãã¬ã³ã»ãªã
ã·ãããã¬ã³ã»ãããã¯ããªããŒãé«çŽã¢ã«ã³ãŒ
ã«ãã·ãªã³ãŒã³çã空æ°é£è¡å€ãšããŠãäŸãã°ã
ãããã·ãšãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãããããã·ãããã«
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã¡ãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã¡ãã«ãããã
ã·ãšãã«ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãã¡ãã«ããããã·ãããã«
ã»ã«ããŒã¹ãããªãªãã·ãšãã¬ã³ã¢ã«ãã«ãšãŒã
ã«ãããªãªãã·ãšãã¬ã³ã¢ã«ãã«ãµã«ããšãŒãã
ã¢ã«ãã«ãã³ãŒã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãœãŒãã倩ç¶æš¹èé ž
å¡©ãåç©æ§å æ°Žå解ã¿ã³ãã¯è³ªãã¢ã«ãç²æ«çã
æžæ°Žå€ãšããŠãäŸãã°ããã¿ãªã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãã«
ã ã¢ã«ãããçž®åç©ããªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žå¡©ãã
ãã¿ãªã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žã»ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãã«ã
ã¢ã«ãããå ±çž®åç©ãç³æ²¹ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ãã
ãã®ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããçž®åç©ãã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãã¡ã¿
ã¯ãªã«é žããã¬ã€ã³é žçã®äžé£œåã«ã«ãã³é žãå«
ãåç¬éåäœãŸãã¯å ±éåäœãããªãé žããã³ã
ããã®å¡©çãé²éå€ãšããŠãäŸãã°ã¯ãã é žå¡©ã
äºç¡é žå¡©çã®é žåå€ããªã³é žå¡©ãã¢ãã³çãé²æ°Ž
å€ãšããŠãäŸãã°ãã©ã€ã¢ãã·ãŠãã±ã€ãœãŠåã
ã±ã€é žçœåçã®ã±ã€é žè³ªç²æ«ããžã«ã³ããŠã åå
ç©ããã©ãã€ã³ãã¢ã¹ãã¢ã«ããããªé ¢é žãã
ã«ã»ãšãã«ãžãšã³ãå¡©åããã«ã»ãšãã«ãžãšã³ã
ãšããã·æš¹èãšãã«ãžãšã³çã®ãšãã«ãžãšã³ã»ã
ãªããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãã¹ãã¢ãªã³é žããã«çã®é«
çŽèèªé žãšã¹ãã«çãããã æ¬çºæã®æ·»å å€ã¯ãåç¬ã®ãŸã䜿çšããŠããã
ããæå¹ã«æ©èœãããããã«ãäºã溶å€äŸãã°
æ°ŽãäœçŽèèªæã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ãäœçŽèèªæã¢ãã³ã
ãã³ãããã®æ··åç©çã«ãšãã䜿çšããããšã奜
ãŸãããæ¬çºæã®æ·»å å€(A)ããã³(B)ãæ·»å ããå Ž
åããããããå¥ã ã«æå ¥ããŠãããããã¯äºã
æ··åãã液ãªããã¯ç²æ«ãæå ¥ããŠããäœãã®æ¹
æ³ã§ããããåãããã®æ·»å æ¹æ³ã¯ãäŸãã°ç·Žã
æ··ãéå§æç¹ãç·Žãæ··ãéäžããããã¯ç·Žãæ··ã
ãŠããæèšãããŸã§ã®ä»»æã®æç¹ã«å ããŠãã
ããåã¯æ·»å å€ã®äžéšãç·Žãæ··ãéå§æã«å ãã
æ®éšãç·Žãæ··ãéäžã«å ãããšããåå²æ·»å æ¹æ³
ã§ãããããããã®æ¹æ³ã«ãã€ãŠãæ¬çºæã®å¹æ
ãéæããããšãã§ããããæŽã«æå¹ã«æ©èœãã
ãããã«ã¯ãç·Žãæ··ãéå§æãæ°åç§ãªããæ°å
é ããŠæ·»å ããããšã奜ãŸããã æ¬çºæã®æ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã«çšããããã»
ã¡ã³ããšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°æ®éãæ©åŒ·ãè¶ æ©åŒ·ãäž
庞ç±ãçœè²ã®ããªãã©ã³ãã»ã¡ã³ããã·ãªã«ãã
ã©ã€ã¢ãã·ãŠãé«çæ°Žç ã¹ã©ã°çãé åããæ··å
ã»ã¡ã³ããèšåŒµã»ã¡ã³ããã«ã«ã·ãŠã ã¢ã«ãããŒ
ããšç³ãããååšãããæ¥ç¡¬ã»ã¡ã³ããã¢ã«ãã
ã»ã¡ã³ããæŽã«ã¯é«çæ°Žç ã¹ã©ã°ãšã¢ã«ã«ãªéå±
åã¯ã¢ã«ã«ãªåé¡éå±ã®æ°Žé žåç©ãé žåç©ãçé ž
å¡©ãç¡«é žå¡©çã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªåºæ¿å€ãããªãã»ã¡ã³ã
çããããããããã»ã¡ã³ãã®è£œé æ¹æ³ãååŠçµ
æãç²æ«åºŠçã«ãããããªãå©çšããããšãã§ã
ããåãã®ã»ã¡ã³ãã¯ãåç¬ã®ãŸããããã¯çŽ°éªš
æãç²éªšæçãšãšãã«çšããŠããããé垞现骚æ
ããã³ïŒåã¯ç²éªšæã«å¯Ÿãééæ¯ã§0.1ã1.0ã®å²
åã§çšããããããèŠæ±ããã硬åäœè£œé æã®äœ
æ¥æ§ã硬åäœã®è«žæ§èœã«åããå®æœè ã«ãããŠé©
å®éžæããããšãã§ããã å°ã該氎硬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©äžã®æ°Žåéã¯ãç®
çã«åããŠæé©ãªãã®ãšããããšãã§ããããé
åžžæ°ŽïŒã»ã¡ã³ãæ¯ïŒééïŒã§0.3ã0.7ã®å²åã§äœ¿
çšãããé«åŒ·åºŠã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒã補åã補é ããã«ã¯
æ°Žåéãå°ãªãããããšã奜ãŸãããæ°ŽïŒã»ã¡ã³
ãæ¯ã0.3æªæºã®å Žåã«ã¯ãæµåæ§ãèããæã
ãäžã€ã»ã¡ã³ãã®ç¡¬åãäžååãšãªãçºè©²çµæç©
ã®ç¡¬åäœåŒ·åºŠãäœäžããäžæ¹0.7ãè¶ ããå Žåã«
ã¯ãæµåæ§ã¯åäžããã該çµæç©ã®ç¡¬åäœåŒ·åºŠã
èããäœäžãããã奜ãŸãããªãã ïŒçºæã®å¹æïŒ æ¬çºæã®æ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã¯ãæµåæ§ãåª
ããçµæã«ããæµåæ§äœäžãå°ãªãçºç¡¬åäœè£œé
æã®äœæ¥æ§ã«åªããäžã€è©²çµæç©ã®ç¡¬åäœåŒ·åºŠã
åªãããã®ã§ããã 次ã«æ¬çºæãåæäŸåã³å®æœäŸã«ãã詳现ã«èª¬
æããã åæäŸ ïŒ ã¡ã©ãã³189ïœããã³37ïŒ ãã«ããªã³æº¶æ¶²365ïœ
ãæ··åãã70âã§åå¿ããããåå¿æ¶²ãéæã«ãª
ã€ãåŸã50âã«ãŠäºç¡«é žæ°ŽçŽ ãããªãŠã 156ïœã
ãã³æ°Ž184ïœãå ããèæ§ãœãŒã氎溶液ã«ãŠPH
10.5ã«èª¿æŽãã80âã«ãŠïŒæéåå¿ãããã次ã«
60âã«å·åŽåŸãç¡«é žã«ãŠPH5.0ã«èª¿æŽãã60âã«
ãŠïŒæéåå¿ãããããã®æš¹è溶液ã«èæ§ãœãŒã
氎溶液ãå ãPH9.8ã«èª¿æŽããã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæ
ããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªãŠã 塩氎溶液ïŒïŒ¡âïŒïŒ
ãåŸãããã®ãã®ã®40ééïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ç²åºŠã¯ã
80CPïŒ25âïŒã§ãã€ãã åæäŸ ïŒ ã¡ã©ãã³136ïœãããšããŒã«33ïœããã³37ïŒ ã
ã«ããªã³æº¶æ¶²380ïœãæ··åãã70âã§åå¿ãããã
åå¿æ¶²ãéæã«ãªã€ãåŸã50âã«ãŠäºç¡«é žãããª
ãŠã 64ïœãäºç¡«é žæ°ŽçŽ ãããªãŠã 95ïœããã³æ°Ž
200ïœãå ããèæ§ãœãŒã氎溶液ã«ãŠPH11.0ã«èª¿
æŽãã80âã«ãŠïŒæéåå¿ãããã次ã«60âã«å·
åŽåŸãç¡«é žã«ãŠPH6.0ã«èª¿æŽãã60âã«ãŠïŒæé
åå¿ãããããã®æš¹è溶液ã«èæ§ãœãŒã氎溶液ã
å ãPH11.3ã«èª¿æŽããã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©
ãã³æš¹èãããªãŠã 塩氎溶液ïŒïŒ¡âïŒïŒãåŸãã
ãã®ãã®ã®40ééïŒ æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ç²åºŠã¯ã180CPïŒ25âïŒ
ã§ãã€ãã åæäŸ ïŒ ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã 溶液ãååå
ããµã³ãšãã¹252ãå±±éœåœçãã«ãïŒæ ªïŒè£œãæ¿åºŠ
43ééïŒ ã該ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã ã®ã¹
ã«ãã³å床ïŒããšãã«ãããã³åäœåœãïŒ0.46åœ
éã232.6ïœã«èæ§ãœãŒã50.0ïœå ãã液ã170ã
200âã1.5æéé žçŽ å§å ¥ãé žååŠçããåŸãç¡«é ž
ãå ãPH2.5ãšããè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ã
ã³é žãæ²æŸ±ããããéšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹
ã«ãã³é žïŒïŒ¢âïŒïŒãåŸãããã®ãã®ã®ã¹ã«ãã³
å床ïŒããšãã«ãããã³åäœåœãïŒã¯ã0.06åœé
ã§ãã€ãããããèæ§ãœãŒãã§PH7.5ã«äžåãã
çŽåºŠ92ïŒ ã®éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ãããªãŠã ïŒïŒ¢âïŒïŒãåŸãã åæäŸ ïŒ ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã 溶液ãååå
ããµã³ãšãã¹252ãå±±éœåœçãã«ã(æ ª)補ãæ¿åºŠ43é
éïŒ ã該ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãŠã ã®ã¹ã«ã
ã³å床ïŒããšãã«ãããã³åäœåœãïŒ0.46åœéã
ã«40ïŒ èæ§ãœãŒã液ãå ããŠPH12ãšããåŸã150
ã180âã§60åéã空æ°ãå§å ¥ããé žååŠçããã
ããã«ç¡«é žãå ãPH2.5ãšããè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°
ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãæ²æŸ±ããããéšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³å
ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãåŸãããã®ãã®ã®ã¹ã«ãã³
å床ïŒããšãã«ãããã³åäœåœãïŒã¯ã0.23åœé
ã§ãã€ãããããèæ§ãœãŒãã§PHïŒãšããçŽåºŠ95
ïŒ ã®éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããª
ãŠã ïŒïŒ¢âïŒïŒãåŸãã å®æœäŸ ïŒ å°éç°æ®éãã«ãã©ã³ãã»ã¡ã³ã520ïœã现骚
æã»çžæš¡å·ç£å·ç ïŒæ倧寞æ³2.5mmïŒ1040ïœã第
ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºãæ·»å å€(A)ããã³æ·»å å€(B)ã®æ·»å éã溶
解ãã氎溶液286ïœããJISR5201ã«æºæ ããæ©æ¢°
ç·Žãã®æ¹æ³ã«ããã¢ã«ã¿ã«ãåŸãããã®ã¢ã«ã¿ã«
ãJIS  5201ã«æºæ ããŠãç·ŽãäžãçŽåŸã®ã¢ã«
ã¿ã«ã®ããŒãã«ãããŒã枬å®ããæŽã«ã¢ã«ã¿ã«ã
ã¢ã«ã¿ã«ãããµãŒã«ãŠäœéå転äžã§ç·Žãç¶ããç·Ž
ãäžã30ååŸãå60ååŸã«ããŒãã«ãããŒã枬å®
ãããããŒã®çµæå€åã枬å®ãããåãã®ã¢ã«ã¿
ã«ã®å§çž®åŒ·åºŠã¯ãJIS  5201ã«æºæ ããç·Žãäž
ãçŽåŸã®ã¢ã«ã¿ã«ãæåããæšæºé€çããæã®æ
什ïŒæ¥ãïŒæ¥ã28æ¥ã«ã€ããŠæž¬å®ããããããã®
ãããŒå€ãå§çž®åŒ·åºŠå€ã«ã€ããŠç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºããã
åæ¬çºæã®æ·»å å€ä»¥å€ã®ãã®ã䜿çšããã¢ã«ã¿ã«
ã®å Žåãæ¯èŒäŸãšããŠç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºããã å®æœäŸ ïŒ å¯åŸåŒãããµãŒãçšããŠãã¢ãµãæ®éãã«ãã©
ã³ãã»ã¡ã³ã354KgïŒm3ã现骚æã»çžæš¡å·ç£å·ç
ïŒæ倧寞æ³2.5mmïŒ797KgïŒm3ãç²éªšæã»çžæš¡å·ç£
å·ç å©ïŒæ倧寞æ³25mmïŒ1056KgïŒm3ã第ïŒè¡šã«ç€º
ãæ·»å å€(A)ããã³æ·»å å€(B)ã®æ·»å éã溶解ããæ°Ž
溶液188ïœããç·Žãæ··ããŠã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒããåŸãã
ãã®ã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒããJISA 1101ãJISA 1128ã«æº
æ ããŠãç·ŽãäžãçŽåŸã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒãã®ã¹ã©ã³ãã
ãã³ç©ºæ°éã枬å®ãããæŽã«ã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒããå転
æ°3rpmã«èª¿æŽããŠç·Žãç¶ããç·Žãäžã30ååŸã
å60ååŸã«ã¹ã©ã³ãããã³ç©ºæ°éã枬å®ããããŸ
ããã®ã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒãã®å§çž®åŒ·åºŠã¯ãJISA1132ã
A1108ã«æºæ ããŠãç·ŽãäžãçŽåŸã®ã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒã
ãæåããæšæºé€çããæã®æ什ïŒæ¥ãïŒæ¥ã28
æ¥ã«ã€ããŠæž¬å®ããããããã®ã¹ã©ã³ãå€ãå§çž®
匷床å€ã«ã€ããŠç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºãããåæ¬çºæã®æ·»å
å€ä»¥å€ã®ãã®ãå©çšããã³ã³ã¯ãªãŒãã®å Žåãæ¯
èŒäŸãšããŠç¬¬ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºããã 第ïŒè¡šã第ïŒè¡šã«ç€ºããåŠããæ¬çºæã®æ°Žç¡¬æ§
ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã¯ãç¹å®ã®æ·»å å€(A)ããã³(B)ãçš
ããããšã«ãããæ·»å å€(A)ïŒ(B)ã倫ã åç¬ã«äœ¿çš
ããå Žåã«æ¯ããæµåæ§ãåªããçµæã«ããæµå
äœäžãå°ãªããå該硬åäœã®åŒ·åºŠãé«ããã®ã§ã
ã€ãã äžæ¹ãæ¯èŒäŸã«ç€ºãããã®ä»ã®æ·»å å€ãçšãã
ãã®ã«ã€ããŠã¯ãæµåæ§ãå£ããçµæã«ããæµå
æ§äœäžã倧ãããå該硬åäœã®åŒ·åºŠãå£ããè¯å¥œ
ãªæ°Žç¡¬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ãåŸãããšãã§ããªãã€
ãã
ãè¡šã
ãè¡šã
Claims (1)
- ïŒ ã¹ã«ãã³é žåºãæããã¡ã©ãã³æš¹èãããªã
é žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã®äžããéžã°ããå°ãªããšã
ïŒçš®(A)ãšããªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žããã³ïŒãŸãã¯ã
ããã®å¡©ãã¢ã«ã«ãªé«æž©é žåã«ãŠè±ã¹ã«ãã³åã
ãŠåŸãããã¹ã«ãã³å床ïŒããšãã«ãããã³å
äœïŒ0.06ã0.25åœéã®éšåè±ã¹ã«ãã³åãªã°ãã³
ã¹ã«ãã³é žãããªãé žããã³ãããã®å¡©ã®äžãã
éžã°ããå°ãªããšãïŒçš®(B)ãšãå«æããããšãç¹
城ãšããééæ¯ã§(A)ïŒ(B)ïŒ98/2ã10/90ã§ããæ°Ž
硬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç©ã
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59201301A JPS6183658A (ja) | 1984-09-26 | 1984-09-26 | 氎硬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç© |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59201301A JPS6183658A (ja) | 1984-09-26 | 1984-09-26 | 氎硬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç© |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6183658A JPS6183658A (ja) | 1986-04-28 |
JPH0445469B2 true JPH0445469B2 (ja) | 1992-07-24 |
Family
ID=16438722
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP59201301A Granted JPS6183658A (ja) | 1984-09-26 | 1984-09-26 | 氎硬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç© |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6183658A (ja) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6521646B2 (ja) * | 2015-01-23 | 2019-05-29 | æ¥æ¬è£œçŽæ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ãªã°ãã³ã¹ã«ãã³é žå¡©ã®è£œé æ¹æ³ |
JP2019172538A (ja) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-10 | æ¥æ¬è£œçŽæ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ãªã°ãã³ãå«ã氎硬æ§çµæç©çšå¢ç²å€ |
KR101989505B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-06-17 | 죌ìíì¬ ìŒíì°ì | ìœí¬ëŠ¬íž ì¡°ê° ìŽì§í íŒíì ë° ìŽë¥Œ í¬íšíë ìœí¬ëŠ¬íž ì¡°ì±ë¬Œ |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4836224A (ja) * | 1971-09-09 | 1973-05-28 | ||
JPS57166346A (en) * | 1981-04-03 | 1982-10-13 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Additive for hydraulic cement composition |
JPS57170856A (en) * | 1981-04-08 | 1982-10-21 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Cement dispersing agent |
JPS5997564A (ja) * | 1982-11-26 | 1984-06-05 | è±çæ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ã»ã¡ã³ãåæ£å€ |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003231777A (ja) * | 2002-02-07 | 2003-08-19 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | 蟲æ¥ãã£ã«ã çšããªãªã¬ãã£ã³æš¹èçµæç©ããã³èŸ²æ¥çšãã£ã«ã |
JP4949080B2 (ja) * | 2006-06-16 | 2012-06-06 | ã¢ã¹ã¢æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | èªåãµã³ãã€ã¶è£ 眮 |
-
1984
- 1984-09-26 JP JP59201301A patent/JPS6183658A/ja active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4836224A (ja) * | 1971-09-09 | 1973-05-28 | ||
JPS57166346A (en) * | 1981-04-03 | 1982-10-13 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Additive for hydraulic cement composition |
JPS57170856A (en) * | 1981-04-08 | 1982-10-21 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Cement dispersing agent |
JPS5997564A (ja) * | 1982-11-26 | 1984-06-05 | è±çæ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ã»ã¡ã³ãåæ£å€ |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS6183658A (ja) | 1986-04-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR100439603B1 (ko) | ì겜 ê²°í©ì ì© ê³ í ë° ê²œí ìŽì§ì | |
EP0558336A1 (en) | Hydraulic cement set-accelerating admixtures incorporating amino acid derivatives | |
JP2005538919A (ja) | ãªãªãŽããŒåæ£å€ | |
RU2613372C2 (ru) | ÐОЎÑавлОÑеÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÐºÐŸÐŒÐ¿ÐŸÐ·ÐžÑÐžÑ | |
RU2565298C2 (ru) | ÐОÑпеÑгОÑÑÑÑОй Ð°Ð³ÐµÐœÑ ÐŽÐ»Ñ Ð³ÐžÐŽÑавлОÑеÑкПй кПЌпПзОÑОО | |
US4655838A (en) | Cement additive composition | |
US5891983A (en) | Water-soluble formaldehyde-free polycondensation products based on amino-s-triazines | |
US4662942A (en) | Cement additives | |
CN117585968A (zh) | ç 磚çç²ç¶é«çç枣ç掻å | |
JPS582190B2 (ja) | ïŒ¡ïœ ã³ã³ã¯ãªâããŸãã¯ïœïœ ã¢ã«ã¿ã«ã®è£œé æ¹æ³ | |
JPH0445469B2 (ja) | ||
TW201835000A (zh) | 氎泥混ååçšæ¶²æ æ©åŒ·å | |
JPS62207755A (ja) | ç³èçµæç© | |
US4015993A (en) | Hydraulic composition with additive | |
JPS61101442A (ja) | 氎硬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçµæç© | |
CN113998916A (zh) | äžç§çšäºäœæž©ç¯å¢äžæ°Žæ³¥ææçå€ååæ©åŒºååå ¶åºçš | |
JPH1036156A (ja) | ã»ã¡ã³ãæ··åå€ | |
JPS62207745A (ja) | ç³èçµæç© | |
JPH01305836A (ja) | 氎硬æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãçšæ·»å å€ | |
JPH0153221B2 (ja) | ||
JPH06279085A (ja) | ã»ã¡ã³ãæ··åå€ | |
JPH10158045A (ja) | ã»ã¡ã³ãæ··åå€ | |
CN112851189A (zh) | äžç§æ··ååå€å ååå ¶å¶å€æ¹æ³ååºçš | |
JPS5820897B2 (ja) | é空æ°é£è¡æ§ã»ã¡ã³ãæ··åå€ | |
JPH03137045A (ja) | ã»ã¡ã³ãåæ£å€ |