JPH0438227B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0438227B2 JPH0438227B2 JP62235053A JP23505387A JPH0438227B2 JP H0438227 B2 JPH0438227 B2 JP H0438227B2 JP 62235053 A JP62235053 A JP 62235053A JP 23505387 A JP23505387 A JP 23505387A JP H0438227 B2 JPH0438227 B2 JP H0438227B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- composite structure
- copolymer
- weight
- structure according
- blend
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 46
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 38
- -1 propylene, ethylene Chemical group 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001198 elastomeric copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- KNDQHSIWLOJIGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 826-62-0 Chemical compound C1C2C3C(=O)OC(=O)C3C1C=C2 KNDQHSIWLOJIGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KNDQHSIWLOJIGP-UMRXKNAASA-N (3ar,4s,7r,7as)-rel-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methanoisobenzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)[C@@H]2[C@H]1[C@]1([H])C=C[C@@]2([H])C1 KNDQHSIWLOJIGP-UMRXKNAASA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- LTVUCOSIZFEASK-MPXCPUAZSA-N (3ar,4s,7r,7as)-3a-methyl-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methano-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C([C@H]1C=C2)[C@H]2[C@H]2[C@]1(C)C(=O)OC2=O LTVUCOSIZFEASK-MPXCPUAZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N (3as,7ar)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C=CC[C@@H]2C(=O)OC(=O)[C@@H]21 KMOUUZVZFBCRAM-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DKWZAJKBAUFZCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxaspiro[4.4]non-7-ene-1,3-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)CC11CC=CC1 DKWZAJKBAUFZCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YIHKILSPWGDWPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6708-37-8 Chemical compound C1CC2C3C(=O)OC(=O)C3C1C=C2 YIHKILSPWGDWPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940018557 citraconic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FEPCMSPFPMPWJK-OLPJDRRASA-N maleopimaric acid Chemical compound C([C@]12C=C([C@H](C[C@@H]11)[C@H]3C(OC(=O)[C@@H]23)=O)C(C)C)C[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)CCC[C@@]2(C)C(O)=O FEPCMSPFPMPWJK-OLPJDRRASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N mesaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C/C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylfumaric acid Natural products OC(=O)C(C)=CC(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- OEMSKMUAMXLNKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C(C)=CCC2C(=O)OC(=O)C12 OEMSKMUAMXLNKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 30
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012632 extractable Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010559 graft polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SDQGRJKYBWFIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-but-2-enyl-4-methyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC=CCC1C(C)C(=O)OC1=O SDQGRJKYBWFIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005629 polypropylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J123/02—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09J123/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C09J123/14—Copolymers of propene
- C09J123/142—Copolymers of propene at least partially crystalline copolymers of propene with other olefins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
- C08L2666/04—Macromolecular compounds according to groups C08L7/00Â -Â C08L49/00, or C08L55/00Â -Â C08L57/00; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
- C08L2666/24—Graft or block copolymers according to groups C08L51/00, C08L53/00 or C08L55/02; Derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Description
æè¡åé
ãã®çºæã¯ãäžè¬ã«æ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ããçšããè€
åæ§é äœã«é¢ãããã詳现ã«ã¯ããããã¬ã³ããª
ããŒãšæ°äœé®ææãšãæ¥çãããã®ã«ç¹ã«å¥œé©ãª
æ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ããšåèšææãšãçµã¿èŸŒãã è€åæ§
é äœã«é¢ããã åŸæ¥ã®æè¡ïŒœ é£åå è£ ç£æ¥ã®ãããªåžå Žã«ãããŠã¯ãäŸãã°
å硬質æ§é äœã«ãããŠãããã¬ã³ããªããŒãé žçŽ
é®ææã®ãããªæ°äœé®ææãšå ±ã«äœ¿çšããããšã
åºãåãå ¥ããããŠããããã®ãããªçšéã«ãã
ãŠããããã¬ã³ããªããŒã¯æ§é äžã®å®å šæ§ããã
ãããé®ææã¯é žçŽ ã®ãããªååãæ§é äœãéé
ããé床åã³ãã®å²åãæžå°ããããããããªã
ãããããã¬ã³ããªããŒã¯éã«å ¥ãæ¥çå€ãªãã§
ã¯æ°äœé®ææã«æ¥çããªããããªãããã¬ã³ãã
ã®ãããªé®æå±€ã«æ¥çãããããã®åŸæ¥ã®æ¥çå€
ã¯ãå€ãã®æ¬ ç¹ãæããŠããã æ¥çå€ã®çšéã«ãããŠã¯ãç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žã«ã
ã€ãŠæ¹è³ªãããããªãããã¬ã³ã䜿çšããããšã
ç¥ãããŠãããäŸãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬3483276å·ã«ã¯ã
æ¹è³ªãããããªãããã¬ã³ãšæ¹è³ªãããŠããªãã
ãªãããã¬ã³ãšã®ãã¬ã³ãåã³éå±å¡æãšããŠã®
ãã®äœ¿çšãé瀺ãããŠãããç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4058647
å·åã³å第4198327å·ã«ã¯ãããªãããã¬ã³ãé®
ææïŒäŸãã°ãšãã¬ã³ïŒããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã³ããª
ããŒïŒã«æ¥çãããããšã®ã§ããæ¥çå€ãèšèŒã
ããŠãããç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4058647å·åã³å第4198327
å·ã®æ¥çå€ã¯ãç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žã«ãã€ãŠæ¹è³ªãã
ãããªãããã¬ã³ãšãããã¬ã³ããªããŒãšçåæ°Ž
çŽ ãšã©ã¹ãããŒåã¯ãŽã ãšã®ãã¬ã³ãã§ããã ããããªããããã®ãããªæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãäžã«
ãšã©ã¹ãããŒã䜿çšãããšãã¬ã³ãã®çµè²»ãå ç®
ããããããŠç©è³ªåæ±ãäžã®åé¡ç¹ãçãåŸãã
ãŸãããã®ãããªãã¬ã³ãäžã«ãšã©ã¹ãããŒãå
åšãããšæãŸãããªãããšã«æœåºæ§ç©è³ªã®å«æç
ãé«ããªãããã®ããã«ãã®ãã¬ã³ãã¯é£åå è£
ã®çšéã«äœ¿çšããã®ã«äžé©ã«ãªãåŸãã ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4472555å·åã³å第4409364å·ã«ã¯ã
ããªãããã¬ã³åã³æ¥µæ§åºæã®äž¡æ¹ã«å¯Ÿããæ¥ç
æ§ãæããæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ããé瀺ãããŠãããã
ãããã¬ã³ãã¯æ¹è³ªããªãšãã¬ã³ãšããªãšãã¬ã³
ãšããªãããã¬ã³ãšã®æ··åç©ã§ããã ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4510286å·ã«ã¯ãç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žã§
æ¹è³ªãããããªãããã¬ã³ãšããšãã¬ã³å«æç15
ã30ééïŒ ã®åºåéåããããããã¬ã³ïŒãšãã¬
ã³ã³ããªããŒãšããšãã¬ã³å«æçïŒã14ééïŒ ã®
ãããã¬ã³ããªããŒåã¯ãããã¬ã³ïŒãšãã¬ã³ã³
ããªããŒãšããæãæ¥çæ§æš¹èçµæç©ãé瀺ãã
ãŠããã ããããªãããç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4472555å·ãå第
4409364å·åã³å第4510286å·ã«åŸã€ãŠåŸãããæ¥
çå€ãã¬ã³ãã¯ãããçš®ã®çšéã«ãããŠã¯æ¥µæ§åº
æïŒäŸãã°ããçš®ã®æ°äœé®æïŒã«å¯Ÿããé©åœãªæ¥
çæ§ã瀺ãåŸãªãã çºæã®æŠèŠïŒœ æ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ãäžèšã®åé¡ç¹ã解æ¶ããããš
ã«ããã æ¬çºæã¯ãåèšæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãã«ãã€ãŠäºãã«
æ¥çãããããªãããã¬ã³ãšæ°äœé®ææãšã®å±€ã
å«ãè€åæ§é äœåã³ãã®ãããªè€åæ§é äœã®è£œé
æ¹æ³ã«é¢ããã å®è³ªçã«ãšã©ã¹ãããŒãå«æããªãæ¥çå€ãã¬
ã³ãã¯ã (a) ãããã¬ã³ãšãšãã¬ã³ãšã®å®è³ªçã«éãšã©ã¹
ãããŒç³»ã®ã³ããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠããšãã¬ã³ã該
ã³ããªããŒã®å°ãªããšãçŽïŒééïŒ ãæ§æãã
åèšã³ããªããŒã (b) ãããã¬ã³ãšéåæ§ãšãã¬ã³ç³»äžé£œåã«ã«ã
ã³é žåã¯ãã®é žèªå°äœããæãå°ãªããšãïŒçš®
ã®ã³ã¢ãããŒãšã®ãçŽ30ééïŒ ãŸã§ã®éïŒæçµ
ãã¬ã³ãã®éãåºãšããŠïŒã®éãšã©ã¹ãããŒç³»
ã³ããªã㌠䞊ã³ã« (c) çŽ0.915ã0.930ã®ç¯å²ã®æ¯éãšã190âã«ã
ããŠæž¬å®ããŠçŽ1dïœïŒåããå°ããã¡ã«ãã€
ã³ããã¯ã¹ãšãçŽïŒãïŒã®ééå¹³åååéMw
ã®æ°å¹³åååéMoã«å¯Ÿããæ¯ã«ãã€ãŠæž¬å®ã
ãŠæ¯èŒççãååéååžãšãæãããæ¥çãä¿
é²ããã®ã«æå¹ãªéã®ãšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªã㌠ã®æ··åç©ãå«ãã æ¬çºæã®ä»ã®ç®çåã³å©ç¹ã¯ãåèšã®ç¹èš±è«æ±
ã®ç¯å²ã«é¢é£ãã以äžã®è©³çŽ°ãªèª¬æããåœæ¥è ã«
æããã§ãããã çºæã®å ·äœçãªèª¬æ æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšããããæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãã¯ã
ãã¬ã³ãäžã«ãšã©ã¹ãããŒç³»ç©è³ªã䜿çšããªãå Ž
åã«ãããŠãããããªãããã¬ã³åºæãšæ¥µæ§åã¯
ä»ã®æ°äœé®ææãšã®éã®åªããæ¥çæ§ãæäŸã
ãããšã©ã¹ãããŒã䜿çšããªããšããããšã¯ãçµ
æžäžåã³ç©è³ªåæ±ãäžã®äž¡æ¹ã®ç¹ã§æå©ã§ããã ããã«ããšã©ã¹ãããŒã䜿çšããªããšããããš
ã¯ããã®ããšã«ãã€ãŠæ¥çå€äžã®æœåºæ§ç©è³ªããª
ããªããåã¯ãã®éãå€§å¹ ã«æžå°ããã®ã§ãé£å
å è£ æã«ãããŠç¹ã«æå©ã§ããããã®ããšã¯ãé£
åå è£ ã®çšéã®ããã«ã¯æ¿åºæ©é¢ã«æ¿èªãããªã
ãã°ãªããªãææã«ãããŠéåžžã«å¥œãŸããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšããããæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãã¯ã
ãšã©ã¹ãããŒç³»ç©è³ªå«æãã¬ã³ããšå°ãªããšãå
ããããè¯å¥œã§ãããããŠããçš®ã®æ¡ä»¶äžã«ãã
ãŠã¯ããã«åãåŸãæ¥çæ§ã瀺ããããããªã
ããæ¬çºæã®è¶£æšããå€ããããšãªããææãªã
ã°å°éã®ãšã©ã¹ãããŒç³»ç©è³ªããã¬ã³ãäžã«æ·»å
ããããšãã§ãããšããããšãç解ãããããã
ãå Žåã«ã¯ãå°éã®ãšã©ã¹ãããŒãæ·»å ããããš
ã«ãã€ãŠæ¥çåã匷åãããããŠè¡æ匷床åã³
ïŒåã¯ïŒå¯ææ§ãæ¹åããåŸãã ãŸãã極æ§åã³ä»ã®æ°äœé®ææã«å¯Ÿããæ¥çæ§
䞊ã³ã«ããªãããã¬ã³ã«å¯Ÿããæ¥çæ§ããåŸæ¥ã®
æ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãããåªããŠããã åœæ¥çã§ãé«ååéäœå¯åºŠããªãšãã¬ã³ãåã¯
ãHMDâLDPEããšåŒã°ãããšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªã
ãŒã®ååšã«ãã€ãŠãæ¬çºæã®ãã¬ã³ãã®æ¥µæ§åã¯
ä»ã®æ°äœé®ææãžã®æ¥çæ§ãèããæ¹åãããäž
æ¹ã§ãšã©ã¹ãããŒãååšãããå¿ èŠããªããªãã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšãããããã¬ã³ãã®å€§éšåã
æ§æãåŸããããã¬ã³ïŒãšãã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒã¯ã
å°ãªããšãïŒééïŒ ã®ãšãã¬ã³ãå«æãããææ
ãªãã°ããã®ããªããŒã¯ãããã¬ã³ãšãšãã¬ã³ãš
第ïŒã®ïŒâãªã¬ãã€ã³ãšã®ã¿ãŒããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠ
ãããããã®ã³ããªããŒã¯ãææã«ããã©ã³ãã
åã¯ãããã¯ã®èè¡ææ§ã³ããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠã
ãã ãããã¬ã³ïŒãšãã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒäžã®ãšãã¬ã³
å«æçãé«ãïŒäŸãã°35ã40ééïŒ ïŒããã°ã³ã
ãªããŒã匟æ§ã«ããããšãã§ãããšããããšã¯ã
åœæ¥çã«ãããŠããç¥ãããŠããã æ¬æ现æžã«ãããŠäœ¿çšãããçšèªããããã¬ã³
ãšãšãã¬ã³ãšã®å®è³ªçã«éãšã©ã¹ãããŒç³»ã®ã³ã
ãªããŒããšã¯ãå šäœãšããŠã®ã³ããªããŒã匟æ§ã§
ãªãå Žåã«éããå€å°åŒŸæ§ã®ãã埮å°çžãæãåŸ
ãèè¡ææ§ã³ããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠããã®ãšãã¬ã³å«
æçãå šäœãšããŠã®ã³ããªããŒã®ãšãã¬ã³å«æç
ããé«ãåèšèè¡ææ§ã³ããªããŒããå«æããã
ã®ãšè§£ããããã ãã¬ã³ãäžã®æ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³æåïŒããã¯
äžè¬ã«ãã¬ã³ãã®çŽ0.1ã30ééïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯
ïŒã25ééïŒ ãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã¯10ã15ééïŒ ãæ§
æããïŒã¯åœæ¥çã«ãããŠå ¬ç¥ã®ä»»æã®ãã®ã§ã
ã€ãŠãããããªãããã¬ã³äž»éãæããã°ã©ãã
ã³ããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠãã³ããªããŒã®ããªããŒéäž
ã«ã³ã¢ãããŒãçµã¿èŸŒãŸããã³ããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠ
ãããã ãã®ã³ã¢ãããŒã¯äžè¬ã«ãå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®é
åæ§ã®ãšãã¬ã³ç³»äžé£œåã«ã«ãã³é žåã¯é žèªå°äœ
ïŒäŸãã°é žç¡æ°Žç©ãé žãšã¹ãã«ãé žå¡©ãã¢ããã
ã€ããçïŒã§ããããã®ãããªã³ã¢ãããŒã«ã¯ä»¥
äžã®ãã®ãå å«ãããããå¿ ããããããã«éå®
ãããªãïŒã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«é žããã¬ã€ã³
é žãããã«é žãã€ã¿ã³ã³é žãã·ãã©ã³ã³é žãã¡ãµ
ã³ã³é žãç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žãïŒâã¡ãã«ã·ã¯ããã
ãµâïŒâãšã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžã«ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Žç©ãã
ã·ã¯ã2.2.2ãªã¯ã¿âïŒâãšã³âïŒïŒïŒâãž
ã«ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Žç©ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ïŒïŒ10âãªã¯ã¿ãããããã¿ã¬ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžã«
ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Žç©ãïŒâãªããµâïŒïŒïŒâãžã±ãã¹
ãã4.4ããâïŒâãšã³ããã·ã¯ã2.2.1
ããã¿âïŒâãšã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžã«ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Ž
ç©ããã¬ãªããã«é žãç¡æ°Žããã©ããããã¿ã«
é žããã«ãã«ãâïŒâãšã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžã«ã«ãã³
é žç¡æ°Žç©ãããé žç¡æ°Žç©ãã¡ãã«ããé žç¡æ°Žç©ã
ãã é žç¡æ°Žç©ãã¡ãã«ãã é žç¡æ°Žç©åã³ïœâã¡ã
ã«ãã·ã¯ã2.2.1ããã¿âïŒâãšã³âïŒïŒïŒ
âãžã«ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Žç©ã ã³ããªããŒãã°ã©ããã³ããªããŒã§ããå Žåã«
ã¯ãããªãããã¬ã³äž»éã¯ãã¢ããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠ
ããããã¬ã³ïŒãšãã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠãã
ãããéãšã©ã¹ãããŒç³»ã®çµæ¶æ§ãããã¬ã³ãã¢
ããªããŒã奜ãŸããã ã°ã©ããéåããªãããã¬ã³ã¯ãææã«ãã溶
液äžã§ãæµååºåå¿åšäžã§åã¯æº¶èã°ã©ããéå
ã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ããããšãã§ãããç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã°
ã©ããéåçšã¢ãããŒã¯ç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žã§ããã
æ¬çºæã«ãããŠäœ¿çšããã®ã«ã¯ãç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é ž
å«æçãçŽ0.1ãïŒééïŒ ã®ç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žïŒçµ
æ¶æ§ããªãããã¬ã³äž»éã°ã©ããã³ããªããŒãé
åžžã«å¥œé©ã§ããã æ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³äžã®ã³ã¢ãããŒã®å«æçã
å°ãªããªãã«ã€ããŠããã¬ã³ãäžã®ã³ã¢ãããŒã®
æãŸããæå¹å«æçãç¶æããããã«ãæ¹è³ªããª
ãããã¬ã³ãæ¯èŒçé«ãå²åã§å¿ èŠãšããããšã
ãããšã¯ãåœæ¥è ãªãã°å®¹æã«èªãããããã ãšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒã¯åœæ¥çã§ãé«ååéäœ
å¯åºŠããªãšãã¬ã³ãåã¯ãHMDâLDPEããšãš
ããŠç¥ãããŠãããé«å§æ³ã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ãããã
ãã®ç©è³ªã¯ãçŽ0.915ã0.930ã®ç¯å²ã®æ¯éãšã
ASTMæ³ïŒ€â1238ã«åŸã€ãŠ190âã«ãããŠæž¬å®ã
ãŠ1dïœïŒåããå°ããã奜ãŸããã¯0.2ã0.6ã®ç¯
å²ã®ã¡ã«ãã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ãšãæããã ãŸãããã®ç©è³ªã¯ãçŽïŒãïŒã®ééå¹³åååé
Mwã®æ°å¹³åååéMoã«å¯Ÿããæ¯ã«ãã€ãŠæž¬å®ã
ãŠæ¯èŒççãååéååžãšãæããããšãç¹åŸŽãš
ãããåŸæ¥ã®äœå¯åºŠããªãšãã¬ã³ïŒLDPEïŒã¯ã
代衚çã«ã¯ãçŽ10ã15ã®æ¯ã§æž¬å®ããŠããåºãå
åéååžãæããŠããã ãšã³ãã³ã»ã±ãã«ã«ïŒEnron ChemicalïŒç€Ÿã
ããNPE 3503ãåã³ãNPE 3509ãã®åååã§
ïŒçš®ã®å¥œé©ãªé«ååéäœå¯åºŠããªãšãã¬ã³ç©è³ªã
åžè²©ãããŠããããããã¯ããããã190âã«ã
ããŠæž¬å®ããŠ0.3ã®ã¡ã«ãã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ãçŽ30000
ã®Moåã³çŽ3.1ã®MwïŒMoæ¯ãæããããããäž¡
ç©è³ªã®æ¯éã¯0.925ã§ããã ä»ã®æçšãªHMWâLDPEç©è³ªã¯ãšã³ãã³ã»ã±
ãã«ã«ç€Ÿã®ãNPE 3505ãåã³ãã¹ãã»ãªã€
ïŒNeste OyïŒç€Ÿããåžè²©ãããŠãããã®ã§ããã äžæ¹ãåŸæ¥ã®ïŒã€ã®äœå¯åºŠããªãšãã¬ã³ïŒãšã³
ãã³ã»ã±ãã«ã«ç€Ÿã®ãNPE 940ãïŒã¯ãçŽ12000
ã®Moå€ãçŽ13ã®MwïŒMoæ¯åã³0.25ã®ã¡ã«ãã€
ã³ããã¯ã¹ãæããŠããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšããããæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãã¯ã
æ¥çãä¿é²ããã®ã«æå¹ãªéãäžè¬ã«ãã¬ã³ãã®
å°ãªããšãçŽïŒééïŒ ã§ããäžã€çŽ30ééïŒ ãè¶
ããªãéãæ§æãããšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒãå«æ
ãããããçš®ã®çšéã«ãããŠã¯ãææã®æ¥çã¬ã
ã«ãæäŸããããã«ããã®ãšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒ
ã¯ãã¬ã³ãã®å°ãªããšãïŒåã¯10ééïŒ ãæ§æã
ãã¹ãã§ããããšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒã®æå°æå¹
å«æçã¯ãåœæ¥è ã容æã«ç¢ºãããããã§ãã
ãã ãã®æ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãã¯äžè¬ã«ãçŽïŒã25ééïŒ
ã®æ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³åã³çŽ10ã30ééïŒ ã®ãšã
ã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒãå«æãããããŠæ®éšãããªã
ããã¬ã³ïŒãšãã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒåã³å®å®å€ã®ãã
ãªä»»æã®ææã®æ·»å å€ããæããæ¹è³ªããªããã
ã¬ã³çŽïŒã15ééïŒ åã³ãšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒçŽ
20ã25ééïŒ åã³æ®éšãããªãããã¬ã³ïŒãšãã¬
ã³ã³ããªããŒãšããæ¿åºŠç¯å²ãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã æ¥çå€æš¹èã¯ããããïŒæåãæ £çšã®æ·»å å€ãš
å ±ã«æº¶èé åãããã®ãã¬ã³ããããç©è³ªããã¬
ããåããããšã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ããã奜ãŸãããã
ã®ãã¬ã³ããããç©è³ªã¯ããããã¬ã³ããªããŒã®
æ°äœé®ææåã¯ä»ã®æ¥µæ§åºæãäŸãã°éå±ããã€
ãã³ããšãã¬ã³ïŒããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã³ããªããŒç
ã«æ¥çãããã®ã«æçšã§ããã ãã¬ã³ãæååã³è€åæ§é äœåºæã«é¢ããŠãã
ã§çšããããçšèªãããªãããã¬ã³ããšãããã
ã¬ã³ããªããŒããšã¯äº€æããŠäœ¿çšããããšãã§
ããç¹ã«èšèŒããªãéãããããã¬ã³ã®ãã¢ããª
ããŒåã³ã©ã³ãã åã¯ãããã¯ã®èè¡ææ§ã³ããª
ããŒãæå³ãããã®ãšããã ãŸããæ¬çºæã¯ãåèšã®æ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ããåèš
ã®ãããªãããã¬ã³ããªããŒåã³æ°äœé®ææãã
éžæãããïŒçš®åã¯ãã以äžã®åºäœåºæã«æ¥çã
ããŠæãè€åæ§é äœã®è£œé æ¹æ³ããå å«ããã奜
é©ãªæ¹æ³ã«ã¯ãåææŒåºïŒäŸãã°ã€ã³ãã¬ãŒãæ³
ã«ããåææŒåºïŒãæŒåºè²Œåãåã³åææŒåºå¹ä»
æ圢ãå å«ããããããããã«éå®ãããªããå
ææŒåºå¹ä»æ圢ã¯äŸãã°ç¶ã®è£œé ã«ãããŠå¥œãŸã
ãæ¹æ³ã§ããã å®æœäŸïŒœ 以äžã®å®æœäŸã¯ãæ¬çºæã®å®æœãäŸç€ºãããã
ã®ãã®ã§ããããããäœãéå®ãããã®ã§ãªãã åäŸã«ãããŠãæ¥çå€ã¯åèšã®ããã«ãã¬ã³ã
ããããšã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ããããã¬ã³ãåŸã«ãæ¥ç
å€çšã®1.9cmïŒ3/4ã€ã³ãïŒã®ãŠãšã€ã³ïŒWayneïŒ
åŒæŒåºæ©äžŠã³ã«æ°äœé®ææåã³ããªãããã¬ã³å±€
çšã®2.54cmïŒïŒã€ã³ãïŒã®ããªãªã³ïŒKillionïŒåŒ
æŒåºæ©ãçšããŠïŒå±€ãã€ã¹ããã€ã«ã ã補é ãã
ããšã«ãã€ãŠæ¥çå€ãè©Šéšããããã€ããã³
ïŒChatillonïŒåŒåŒåŒµè©Šéšæ©ãçšããŠãå¹ 2.54cm
ïŒïŒã€ã³ãïŒã®ãã€ã«ã ã®ã¹ããªãããå±€ããåŒ
ãé¢ãããšã«ãã€ãŠãå±€ã®éã®æ¥çæ§ã枬å®ã
ããå šãŠã®äŸã«ããããã€ã«ã ã®åãã¯ç·å
0.178ã0.203mmïŒïŒãïŒãã«ïŒã§ãããå±€ååžã¯
50ïŒ50ã§ããã äŸ ïŒ å®éšïŒãïŒã®çµæã¯ãHMWâLDPEãã¢ããª
ããŒã®æ¥çã«å¯Ÿããå¹æã瀺ããããããã¬ã³ã
ã®çµæåã³ãšãã¬ã³ïŒããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ããªããŒ
ïŒEVOHïŒã«å¯Ÿããæ¥ç床ãäžèšã®è¡šïŒã«ãŸãšã
ãã å®éšïŒã¯æ¯èŒå®éšã§ãããããããããããã¬
ã³ã³ããªããŒãšæ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³ãš40ïŒ ãšãã¬
ã³ïŒ60ïŒ ãããã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒïŒEPMãŽã ïŒãš
ã®ãã¬ã³ããEVOHãžã®è¯å¥œãªæ¥çæ§ãããã
ããšããããšãããã€ãããšãã¬ã³ïŒãããã¬ã³
ã³ããªããŒãã¡ã«ãã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ïŒMIïŒïŒã®ç·
ç¶äœå¯åºŠããªãšãã¬ã³ïŒå®éšïŒïŒãé«è·éã¡ã«ã
ã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ïŒHLMIïŒïŒã®ç·ç¶äœå¯åºŠããªãšã
ã¬ã³ïŒå®éšïŒïŒåã¯ããªâïŒïŒâããã³ïŒïŒå®éš
ïŒïŒã«çœ®ãæãããšãæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãã®æ¥çæ§ã
å šãŠäœããªã€ããããããªãããå®éšïŒã®MIO.3
ã®äœå¯åºŠããªãšãã¬ã³ã䜿çšããããšã«ãã€ãŠã
EPMãçšããå®éšïŒãšåããããè¯å¥œãªæ¥çæ§
ãããããããã
åæ§é äœã«é¢ãããã詳现ã«ã¯ããããã¬ã³ããª
ããŒãšæ°äœé®ææãšãæ¥çãããã®ã«ç¹ã«å¥œé©ãª
æ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ããšåèšææãšãçµã¿èŸŒãã è€åæ§
é äœã«é¢ããã åŸæ¥ã®æè¡ïŒœ é£åå è£ ç£æ¥ã®ãããªåžå Žã«ãããŠã¯ãäŸãã°
å硬質æ§é äœã«ãããŠãããã¬ã³ããªããŒãé žçŽ
é®ææã®ãããªæ°äœé®ææãšå ±ã«äœ¿çšããããšã
åºãåãå ¥ããããŠããããã®ãããªçšéã«ãã
ãŠããããã¬ã³ããªããŒã¯æ§é äžã®å®å šæ§ããã
ãããé®ææã¯é žçŽ ã®ãããªååãæ§é äœãéé
ããé床åã³ãã®å²åãæžå°ããããããããªã
ãããããã¬ã³ããªããŒã¯éã«å ¥ãæ¥çå€ãªãã§
ã¯æ°äœé®ææã«æ¥çããªããããªãããã¬ã³ãã
ã®ãããªé®æå±€ã«æ¥çãããããã®åŸæ¥ã®æ¥çå€
ã¯ãå€ãã®æ¬ ç¹ãæããŠããã æ¥çå€ã®çšéã«ãããŠã¯ãç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žã«ã
ã€ãŠæ¹è³ªãããããªãããã¬ã³ã䜿çšããããšã
ç¥ãããŠãããäŸãã°ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬3483276å·ã«ã¯ã
æ¹è³ªãããããªãããã¬ã³ãšæ¹è³ªãããŠããªãã
ãªãããã¬ã³ãšã®ãã¬ã³ãåã³éå±å¡æãšããŠã®
ãã®äœ¿çšãé瀺ãããŠãããç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4058647
å·åã³å第4198327å·ã«ã¯ãããªãããã¬ã³ãé®
ææïŒäŸãã°ãšãã¬ã³ïŒããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã³ããª
ããŒïŒã«æ¥çãããããšã®ã§ããæ¥çå€ãèšèŒã
ããŠãããç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4058647å·åã³å第4198327
å·ã®æ¥çå€ã¯ãç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žã«ãã€ãŠæ¹è³ªãã
ãããªãããã¬ã³ãšãããã¬ã³ããªããŒãšçåæ°Ž
çŽ ãšã©ã¹ãããŒåã¯ãŽã ãšã®ãã¬ã³ãã§ããã ããããªããããã®ãããªæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãäžã«
ãšã©ã¹ãããŒã䜿çšãããšãã¬ã³ãã®çµè²»ãå ç®
ããããããŠç©è³ªåæ±ãäžã®åé¡ç¹ãçãåŸãã
ãŸãããã®ãããªãã¬ã³ãäžã«ãšã©ã¹ãããŒãå
åšãããšæãŸãããªãããšã«æœåºæ§ç©è³ªã®å«æç
ãé«ããªãããã®ããã«ãã®ãã¬ã³ãã¯é£åå è£
ã®çšéã«äœ¿çšããã®ã«äžé©ã«ãªãåŸãã ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4472555å·åã³å第4409364å·ã«ã¯ã
ããªãããã¬ã³åã³æ¥µæ§åºæã®äž¡æ¹ã«å¯Ÿããæ¥ç
æ§ãæããæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ããé瀺ãããŠãããã
ãããã¬ã³ãã¯æ¹è³ªããªãšãã¬ã³ãšããªãšãã¬ã³
ãšããªãããã¬ã³ãšã®æ··åç©ã§ããã ç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4510286å·ã«ã¯ãç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žã§
æ¹è³ªãããããªãããã¬ã³ãšããšãã¬ã³å«æç15
ã30ééïŒ ã®åºåéåããããããã¬ã³ïŒãšãã¬
ã³ã³ããªããŒãšããšãã¬ã³å«æçïŒã14ééïŒ ã®
ãããã¬ã³ããªããŒåã¯ãããã¬ã³ïŒãšãã¬ã³ã³
ããªããŒãšããæãæ¥çæ§æš¹èçµæç©ãé瀺ãã
ãŠããã ããããªãããç±³åœç¹èš±ç¬¬4472555å·ãå第
4409364å·åã³å第4510286å·ã«åŸã€ãŠåŸãããæ¥
çå€ãã¬ã³ãã¯ãããçš®ã®çšéã«ãããŠã¯æ¥µæ§åº
æïŒäŸãã°ããçš®ã®æ°äœé®æïŒã«å¯Ÿããé©åœãªæ¥
çæ§ã瀺ãåŸãªãã çºæã®æŠèŠïŒœ æ¬çºæã®ç®çã¯ãäžèšã®åé¡ç¹ã解æ¶ããããš
ã«ããã æ¬çºæã¯ãåèšæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãã«ãã€ãŠäºãã«
æ¥çãããããªãããã¬ã³ãšæ°äœé®ææãšã®å±€ã
å«ãè€åæ§é äœåã³ãã®ãããªè€åæ§é äœã®è£œé
æ¹æ³ã«é¢ããã å®è³ªçã«ãšã©ã¹ãããŒãå«æããªãæ¥çå€ãã¬
ã³ãã¯ã (a) ãããã¬ã³ãšãšãã¬ã³ãšã®å®è³ªçã«éãšã©ã¹
ãããŒç³»ã®ã³ããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠããšãã¬ã³ã該
ã³ããªããŒã®å°ãªããšãçŽïŒééïŒ ãæ§æãã
åèšã³ããªããŒã (b) ãããã¬ã³ãšéåæ§ãšãã¬ã³ç³»äžé£œåã«ã«ã
ã³é žåã¯ãã®é žèªå°äœããæãå°ãªããšãïŒçš®
ã®ã³ã¢ãããŒãšã®ãçŽ30ééïŒ ãŸã§ã®éïŒæçµ
ãã¬ã³ãã®éãåºãšããŠïŒã®éãšã©ã¹ãããŒç³»
ã³ããªã㌠䞊ã³ã« (c) çŽ0.915ã0.930ã®ç¯å²ã®æ¯éãšã190âã«ã
ããŠæž¬å®ããŠçŽ1dïœïŒåããå°ããã¡ã«ãã€
ã³ããã¯ã¹ãšãçŽïŒãïŒã®ééå¹³åååéMw
ã®æ°å¹³åååéMoã«å¯Ÿããæ¯ã«ãã€ãŠæž¬å®ã
ãŠæ¯èŒççãååéååžãšãæãããæ¥çãä¿
é²ããã®ã«æå¹ãªéã®ãšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªã㌠ã®æ··åç©ãå«ãã æ¬çºæã®ä»ã®ç®çåã³å©ç¹ã¯ãåèšã®ç¹èš±è«æ±
ã®ç¯å²ã«é¢é£ãã以äžã®è©³çŽ°ãªèª¬æããåœæ¥è ã«
æããã§ãããã çºæã®å ·äœçãªèª¬æ æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšããããæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãã¯ã
ãã¬ã³ãäžã«ãšã©ã¹ãããŒç³»ç©è³ªã䜿çšããªãå Ž
åã«ãããŠãããããªãããã¬ã³åºæãšæ¥µæ§åã¯
ä»ã®æ°äœé®ææãšã®éã®åªããæ¥çæ§ãæäŸã
ãããšã©ã¹ãããŒã䜿çšããªããšããããšã¯ãçµ
æžäžåã³ç©è³ªåæ±ãäžã®äž¡æ¹ã®ç¹ã§æå©ã§ããã ããã«ããšã©ã¹ãããŒã䜿çšããªããšããããš
ã¯ããã®ããšã«ãã€ãŠæ¥çå€äžã®æœåºæ§ç©è³ªããª
ããªããåã¯ãã®éãå€§å¹ ã«æžå°ããã®ã§ãé£å
å è£ æã«ãããŠç¹ã«æå©ã§ããããã®ããšã¯ãé£
åå è£ ã®çšéã®ããã«ã¯æ¿åºæ©é¢ã«æ¿èªãããªã
ãã°ãªããªãææã«ãããŠéåžžã«å¥œãŸããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšããããæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãã¯ã
ãšã©ã¹ãããŒç³»ç©è³ªå«æãã¬ã³ããšå°ãªããšãå
ããããè¯å¥œã§ãããããŠããçš®ã®æ¡ä»¶äžã«ãã
ãŠã¯ããã«åãåŸãæ¥çæ§ã瀺ããããããªã
ããæ¬çºæã®è¶£æšããå€ããããšãªããææãªã
ã°å°éã®ãšã©ã¹ãããŒç³»ç©è³ªããã¬ã³ãäžã«æ·»å
ããããšãã§ãããšããããšãç解ãããããã
ãå Žåã«ã¯ãå°éã®ãšã©ã¹ãããŒãæ·»å ããããš
ã«ãã€ãŠæ¥çåã匷åãããããŠè¡æ匷床åã³
ïŒåã¯ïŒå¯ææ§ãæ¹åããåŸãã ãŸãã極æ§åã³ä»ã®æ°äœé®ææã«å¯Ÿããæ¥çæ§
䞊ã³ã«ããªãããã¬ã³ã«å¯Ÿããæ¥çæ§ããåŸæ¥ã®
æ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãããåªããŠããã åœæ¥çã§ãé«ååéäœå¯åºŠããªãšãã¬ã³ãåã¯
ãHMDâLDPEããšåŒã°ãããšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªã
ãŒã®ååšã«ãã€ãŠãæ¬çºæã®ãã¬ã³ãã®æ¥µæ§åã¯
ä»ã®æ°äœé®ææãžã®æ¥çæ§ãèããæ¹åãããäž
æ¹ã§ãšã©ã¹ãããŒãååšãããå¿ èŠããªããªãã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšãããããã¬ã³ãã®å€§éšåã
æ§æãåŸããããã¬ã³ïŒãšãã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒã¯ã
å°ãªããšãïŒééïŒ ã®ãšãã¬ã³ãå«æãããææ
ãªãã°ããã®ããªããŒã¯ãããã¬ã³ãšãšãã¬ã³ãš
第ïŒã®ïŒâãªã¬ãã€ã³ãšã®ã¿ãŒããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠ
ãããããã®ã³ããªããŒã¯ãææã«ããã©ã³ãã
åã¯ãããã¯ã®èè¡ææ§ã³ããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠã
ãã ãããã¬ã³ïŒãšãã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒäžã®ãšãã¬ã³
å«æçãé«ãïŒäŸãã°35ã40ééïŒ ïŒããã°ã³ã
ãªããŒã匟æ§ã«ããããšãã§ãããšããããšã¯ã
åœæ¥çã«ãããŠããç¥ãããŠããã æ¬æ现æžã«ãããŠäœ¿çšãããçšèªããããã¬ã³
ãšãšãã¬ã³ãšã®å®è³ªçã«éãšã©ã¹ãããŒç³»ã®ã³ã
ãªããŒããšã¯ãå šäœãšããŠã®ã³ããªããŒã匟æ§ã§
ãªãå Žåã«éããå€å°åŒŸæ§ã®ãã埮å°çžãæãåŸ
ãèè¡ææ§ã³ããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠããã®ãšãã¬ã³å«
æçãå šäœãšããŠã®ã³ããªããŒã®ãšãã¬ã³å«æç
ããé«ãåèšèè¡ææ§ã³ããªããŒããå«æããã
ã®ãšè§£ããããã ãã¬ã³ãäžã®æ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³æåïŒããã¯
äžè¬ã«ãã¬ã³ãã®çŽ0.1ã30ééïŒ ã奜ãŸããã¯
ïŒã25ééïŒ ãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã¯10ã15ééïŒ ãæ§
æããïŒã¯åœæ¥çã«ãããŠå ¬ç¥ã®ä»»æã®ãã®ã§ã
ã€ãŠãããããªãããã¬ã³äž»éãæããã°ã©ãã
ã³ããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠãã³ããªããŒã®ããªããŒéäž
ã«ã³ã¢ãããŒãçµã¿èŸŒãŸããã³ããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠ
ãããã ãã®ã³ã¢ãããŒã¯äžè¬ã«ãå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®é
åæ§ã®ãšãã¬ã³ç³»äžé£œåã«ã«ãã³é žåã¯é žèªå°äœ
ïŒäŸãã°é žç¡æ°Žç©ãé žãšã¹ãã«ãé žå¡©ãã¢ããã
ã€ããçïŒã§ããããã®ãããªã³ã¢ãããŒã«ã¯ä»¥
äžã®ãã®ãå å«ãããããå¿ ããããããã«éå®
ãããªãïŒã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãã¡ã¿ã¯ãªã«é žããã¬ã€ã³
é žãããã«é žãã€ã¿ã³ã³é žãã·ãã©ã³ã³é žãã¡ãµ
ã³ã³é žãç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žãïŒâã¡ãã«ã·ã¯ããã
ãµâïŒâãšã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžã«ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Žç©ãã
ã·ã¯ã2.2.2ãªã¯ã¿âïŒâãšã³âïŒïŒïŒâãž
ã«ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Žç©ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ïŒïŒ10âãªã¯ã¿ãããããã¿ã¬ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžã«
ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Žç©ãïŒâãªããµâïŒïŒïŒâãžã±ãã¹
ãã4.4ããâïŒâãšã³ããã·ã¯ã2.2.1
ããã¿âïŒâãšã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžã«ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Ž
ç©ããã¬ãªããã«é žãç¡æ°Žããã©ããããã¿ã«
é žããã«ãã«ãâïŒâãšã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžã«ã«ãã³
é žç¡æ°Žç©ãããé žç¡æ°Žç©ãã¡ãã«ããé žç¡æ°Žç©ã
ãã é žç¡æ°Žç©ãã¡ãã«ãã é žç¡æ°Žç©åã³ïœâã¡ã
ã«ãã·ã¯ã2.2.1ããã¿âïŒâãšã³âïŒïŒïŒ
âãžã«ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Žç©ã ã³ããªããŒãã°ã©ããã³ããªããŒã§ããå Žåã«
ã¯ãããªãããã¬ã³äž»éã¯ãã¢ããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠ
ããããã¬ã³ïŒãšãã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠãã
ãããéãšã©ã¹ãããŒç³»ã®çµæ¶æ§ãããã¬ã³ãã¢
ããªããŒã奜ãŸããã ã°ã©ããéåããªãããã¬ã³ã¯ãææã«ãã溶
液äžã§ãæµååºåå¿åšäžã§åã¯æº¶èã°ã©ããéå
ã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ããããšãã§ãããç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã°
ã©ããéåçšã¢ãããŒã¯ç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žã§ããã
æ¬çºæã«ãããŠäœ¿çšããã®ã«ã¯ãç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é ž
å«æçãçŽ0.1ãïŒééïŒ ã®ç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žïŒçµ
æ¶æ§ããªãããã¬ã³äž»éã°ã©ããã³ããªããŒãé
åžžã«å¥œé©ã§ããã æ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³äžã®ã³ã¢ãããŒã®å«æçã
å°ãªããªãã«ã€ããŠããã¬ã³ãäžã®ã³ã¢ãããŒã®
æãŸããæå¹å«æçãç¶æããããã«ãæ¹è³ªããª
ãããã¬ã³ãæ¯èŒçé«ãå²åã§å¿ èŠãšããããšã
ãããšã¯ãåœæ¥è ãªãã°å®¹æã«èªãããããã ãšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒã¯åœæ¥çã§ãé«ååéäœ
å¯åºŠããªãšãã¬ã³ãåã¯ãHMDâLDPEããšãš
ããŠç¥ãããŠãããé«å§æ³ã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ãããã
ãã®ç©è³ªã¯ãçŽ0.915ã0.930ã®ç¯å²ã®æ¯éãšã
ASTMæ³ïŒ€â1238ã«åŸã€ãŠ190âã«ãããŠæž¬å®ã
ãŠ1dïœïŒåããå°ããã奜ãŸããã¯0.2ã0.6ã®ç¯
å²ã®ã¡ã«ãã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ãšãæããã ãŸãããã®ç©è³ªã¯ãçŽïŒãïŒã®ééå¹³åååé
Mwã®æ°å¹³åååéMoã«å¯Ÿããæ¯ã«ãã€ãŠæž¬å®ã
ãŠæ¯èŒççãååéååžãšãæããããšãç¹åŸŽãš
ãããåŸæ¥ã®äœå¯åºŠããªãšãã¬ã³ïŒLDPEïŒã¯ã
代衚çã«ã¯ãçŽ10ã15ã®æ¯ã§æž¬å®ããŠããåºãå
åéååžãæããŠããã ãšã³ãã³ã»ã±ãã«ã«ïŒEnron ChemicalïŒç€Ÿã
ããNPE 3503ãåã³ãNPE 3509ãã®åååã§
ïŒçš®ã®å¥œé©ãªé«ååéäœå¯åºŠããªãšãã¬ã³ç©è³ªã
åžè²©ãããŠããããããã¯ããããã190âã«ã
ããŠæž¬å®ããŠ0.3ã®ã¡ã«ãã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ãçŽ30000
ã®Moåã³çŽ3.1ã®MwïŒMoæ¯ãæããããããäž¡
ç©è³ªã®æ¯éã¯0.925ã§ããã ä»ã®æçšãªHMWâLDPEç©è³ªã¯ãšã³ãã³ã»ã±
ãã«ã«ç€Ÿã®ãNPE 3505ãåã³ãã¹ãã»ãªã€
ïŒNeste OyïŒç€Ÿããåžè²©ãããŠãããã®ã§ããã äžæ¹ãåŸæ¥ã®ïŒã€ã®äœå¯åºŠããªãšãã¬ã³ïŒãšã³
ãã³ã»ã±ãã«ã«ç€Ÿã®ãNPE 940ãïŒã¯ãçŽ12000
ã®Moå€ãçŽ13ã®MwïŒMoæ¯åã³0.25ã®ã¡ã«ãã€
ã³ããã¯ã¹ãæããŠããã æ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšããããæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãã¯ã
æ¥çãä¿é²ããã®ã«æå¹ãªéãäžè¬ã«ãã¬ã³ãã®
å°ãªããšãçŽïŒééïŒ ã§ããäžã€çŽ30ééïŒ ãè¶
ããªãéãæ§æãããšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒãå«æ
ãããããçš®ã®çšéã«ãããŠã¯ãææã®æ¥çã¬ã
ã«ãæäŸããããã«ããã®ãšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒ
ã¯ãã¬ã³ãã®å°ãªããšãïŒåã¯10ééïŒ ãæ§æã
ãã¹ãã§ããããšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒã®æå°æå¹
å«æçã¯ãåœæ¥è ã容æã«ç¢ºãããããã§ãã
ãã ãã®æ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãã¯äžè¬ã«ãçŽïŒã25ééïŒ
ã®æ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³åã³çŽ10ã30ééïŒ ã®ãšã
ã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒãå«æãããããŠæ®éšãããªã
ããã¬ã³ïŒãšãã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒåã³å®å®å€ã®ãã
ãªä»»æã®ææã®æ·»å å€ããæããæ¹è³ªããªããã
ã¬ã³çŽïŒã15ééïŒ åã³ãšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒçŽ
20ã25ééïŒ åã³æ®éšãããªãããã¬ã³ïŒãšãã¬
ã³ã³ããªããŒãšããæ¿åºŠç¯å²ãç¹ã«å¥œãŸããã æ¥çå€æš¹èã¯ããããïŒæåãæ £çšã®æ·»å å€ãš
å ±ã«æº¶èé åãããã®ãã¬ã³ããããç©è³ªããã¬
ããåããããšã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ããã奜ãŸãããã
ã®ãã¬ã³ããããç©è³ªã¯ããããã¬ã³ããªããŒã®
æ°äœé®ææåã¯ä»ã®æ¥µæ§åºæãäŸãã°éå±ããã€
ãã³ããšãã¬ã³ïŒããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã³ããªããŒç
ã«æ¥çãããã®ã«æçšã§ããã ãã¬ã³ãæååã³è€åæ§é äœåºæã«é¢ããŠãã
ã§çšããããçšèªãããªãããã¬ã³ããšãããã
ã¬ã³ããªããŒããšã¯äº€æããŠäœ¿çšããããšãã§
ããç¹ã«èšèŒããªãéãããããã¬ã³ã®ãã¢ããª
ããŒåã³ã©ã³ãã åã¯ãããã¯ã®èè¡ææ§ã³ããª
ããŒãæå³ãããã®ãšããã ãŸããæ¬çºæã¯ãåèšã®æ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ããåèš
ã®ãããªãããã¬ã³ããªããŒåã³æ°äœé®ææãã
éžæãããïŒçš®åã¯ãã以äžã®åºäœåºæã«æ¥çã
ããŠæãè€åæ§é äœã®è£œé æ¹æ³ããå å«ããã奜
é©ãªæ¹æ³ã«ã¯ãåææŒåºïŒäŸãã°ã€ã³ãã¬ãŒãæ³
ã«ããåææŒåºïŒãæŒåºè²Œåãåã³åææŒåºå¹ä»
æ圢ãå å«ããããããããã«éå®ãããªããå
ææŒåºå¹ä»æ圢ã¯äŸãã°ç¶ã®è£œé ã«ãããŠå¥œãŸã
ãæ¹æ³ã§ããã å®æœäŸïŒœ 以äžã®å®æœäŸã¯ãæ¬çºæã®å®æœãäŸç€ºãããã
ã®ãã®ã§ããããããäœãéå®ãããã®ã§ãªãã åäŸã«ãããŠãæ¥çå€ã¯åèšã®ããã«ãã¬ã³ã
ããããšã«ãã€ãŠè£œé ããããã¬ã³ãåŸã«ãæ¥ç
å€çšã®1.9cmïŒ3/4ã€ã³ãïŒã®ãŠãšã€ã³ïŒWayneïŒ
åŒæŒåºæ©äžŠã³ã«æ°äœé®ææåã³ããªãããã¬ã³å±€
çšã®2.54cmïŒïŒã€ã³ãïŒã®ããªãªã³ïŒKillionïŒåŒ
æŒåºæ©ãçšããŠïŒå±€ãã€ã¹ããã€ã«ã ã補é ãã
ããšã«ãã€ãŠæ¥çå€ãè©Šéšããããã€ããã³
ïŒChatillonïŒåŒåŒåŒµè©Šéšæ©ãçšããŠãå¹ 2.54cm
ïŒïŒã€ã³ãïŒã®ãã€ã«ã ã®ã¹ããªãããå±€ããåŒ
ãé¢ãããšã«ãã€ãŠãå±€ã®éã®æ¥çæ§ã枬å®ã
ããå šãŠã®äŸã«ããããã€ã«ã ã®åãã¯ç·å
0.178ã0.203mmïŒïŒãïŒãã«ïŒã§ãããå±€ååžã¯
50ïŒ50ã§ããã äŸ ïŒ å®éšïŒãïŒã®çµæã¯ãHMWâLDPEãã¢ããª
ããŒã®æ¥çã«å¯Ÿããå¹æã瀺ããããããã¬ã³ã
ã®çµæåã³ãšãã¬ã³ïŒããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ããªããŒ
ïŒEVOHïŒã«å¯Ÿããæ¥ç床ãäžèšã®è¡šïŒã«ãŸãšã
ãã å®éšïŒã¯æ¯èŒå®éšã§ãããããããããããã¬
ã³ã³ããªããŒãšæ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³ãš40ïŒ ãšãã¬
ã³ïŒ60ïŒ ãããã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒïŒEPMãŽã ïŒãš
ã®ãã¬ã³ããEVOHãžã®è¯å¥œãªæ¥çæ§ãããã
ããšããããšãããã€ãããšãã¬ã³ïŒãããã¬ã³
ã³ããªããŒãã¡ã«ãã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ïŒMIïŒïŒã®ç·
ç¶äœå¯åºŠããªãšãã¬ã³ïŒå®éšïŒïŒãé«è·éã¡ã«ã
ã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ïŒHLMIïŒïŒã®ç·ç¶äœå¯åºŠããªãšã
ã¬ã³ïŒå®éšïŒïŒåã¯ããªâïŒïŒâããã³ïŒïŒå®éš
ïŒïŒã«çœ®ãæãããšãæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãã®æ¥çæ§ã
å šãŠäœããªã€ããããããªãããå®éšïŒã®MIO.3
ã®äœå¯åºŠããªãšãã¬ã³ã䜿çšããããšã«ãã€ãŠã
EPMãçšããå®éšïŒãšåããããè¯å¥œãªæ¥çæ§
ãããããããã
ãè¡šã
å
šãŠã®ãã¬ã³ãã«ã¯Cosden 7350 70ééïŒ
ã
ç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žæ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³10ééïŒ åã³
第ïŒæå20ééïŒ ãå«æãããããããé åç©ã«
ã¯ããããåœæ¥çã«ãããŠå ¬ç¥ã®æ £çšã®å®å®å€ã
å«æããããCosden 7350 ãšã¯ãã³ããªããŒé
äžã«çŽïŒãïŒééïŒ ã®ãšãã¬ã³ãå«æããã©ã³ã
ã ã®ãšãã¬ã³ïŒãããã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒã§ãã
ïŒCosden 7350 ã©ã³ãã ã³ããªããŒã®ä»£ããã«
䜿çšã§ããèè¡ææ§ã³ããªããŒã¯ãšã³ãã³ã»ã±ã
ã«ã«ç€Ÿè£œã®NPP 8602 åã³NPP 8752 ã§ã
ãïŒãæ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³ã¯ãçµæ¶æ§ããªããã
ã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒäž»éãšçŽïŒãïŒééïŒ ã®ç¡æ°Žã
ã¬ã€ã³é žå«æçãšãæããã°ã©ããã³ããªããŒã§
ããã äŸ ïŒ å®éšïŒã12ã¯ãæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãã«äœ¿çšããããš
ã®ã§ããåºå€ãããã¬ã³ããªããŒã®ç¯å²ã瀺ãã
ã®ã§ãããå®éšïŒã«ãããŠã¯ããããã¬ã³ãã¢ã
ãªããŒNNP 1066ããã¬ã³ãäžã«çšããããåŸã
ããæ¥çæ§ã¯äœãã€ãããŸãããšãã¬ã³å«æçã®
äœãã©ã³ãã ã®ã³ããªããŒNNP 3303ãçšãã
ïŒå®éšïŒïŒå ŽåãåŸãããæ¥çæ§ã¯äœãã€ããå®
éšïŒåã³ïŒã«ãããŠNNP 3333ïŒã©ã³ãã ã®ã¿ãŒ
ããªããŒïŒåã¯Hercules 7623ïŒèè¡ææ§ã³ããª
ããŒïŒã䜿çšããããšã«ãã€ãŠãæ¥çæ§ãæ¹åã
ãããå®éš10ã«ãããŠçšããCosden 7350ã¯è¯å¥œ
ãªæ¥çæ§ãããããããå®éš11åã³12ã«ç€ºããã
ããã«ãåºææš¹èãšããŠèè¡ææ§ã³ããªããŒ
NPP 8602åã³NPP 8752ãçšããå Žåã«ãæè¯
ã®æ¥çæ§ã芳å¯ãããããŸããå®éš11åã³12ã®ã
ã¬ã³ãã¯ããšãã¬ã³ïŒãããã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒ(a)ã®
çš®é¡ãéã以å€ã¯å®éš11åã³12ã®ãã¬ã³ããšåã
ã§ããå®éš16ïŒäžèšã®è¡šïŒïŒã®ãã¬ã³ãããåªã
ãŠãããšããããšãããã€ãã
ç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žæ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³10ééïŒ åã³
第ïŒæå20ééïŒ ãå«æãããããããé åç©ã«
ã¯ããããåœæ¥çã«ãããŠå ¬ç¥ã®æ £çšã®å®å®å€ã
å«æããããCosden 7350 ãšã¯ãã³ããªããŒé
äžã«çŽïŒãïŒééïŒ ã®ãšãã¬ã³ãå«æããã©ã³ã
ã ã®ãšãã¬ã³ïŒãããã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒã§ãã
ïŒCosden 7350 ã©ã³ãã ã³ããªããŒã®ä»£ããã«
䜿çšã§ããèè¡ææ§ã³ããªããŒã¯ãšã³ãã³ã»ã±ã
ã«ã«ç€Ÿè£œã®NPP 8602 åã³NPP 8752 ã§ã
ãïŒãæ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³ã¯ãçµæ¶æ§ããªããã
ã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒäž»éãšçŽïŒãïŒééïŒ ã®ç¡æ°Žã
ã¬ã€ã³é žå«æçãšãæããã°ã©ããã³ããªããŒã§
ããã äŸ ïŒ å®éšïŒã12ã¯ãæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãã«äœ¿çšããããš
ã®ã§ããåºå€ãããã¬ã³ããªããŒã®ç¯å²ã瀺ãã
ã®ã§ãããå®éšïŒã«ãããŠã¯ããããã¬ã³ãã¢ã
ãªããŒNNP 1066ããã¬ã³ãäžã«çšããããåŸã
ããæ¥çæ§ã¯äœãã€ãããŸãããšãã¬ã³å«æçã®
äœãã©ã³ãã ã®ã³ããªããŒNNP 3303ãçšãã
ïŒå®éšïŒïŒå ŽåãåŸãããæ¥çæ§ã¯äœãã€ããå®
éšïŒåã³ïŒã«ãããŠNNP 3333ïŒã©ã³ãã ã®ã¿ãŒ
ããªããŒïŒåã¯Hercules 7623ïŒèè¡ææ§ã³ããª
ããŒïŒã䜿çšããããšã«ãã€ãŠãæ¥çæ§ãæ¹åã
ãããå®éš10ã«ãããŠçšããCosden 7350ã¯è¯å¥œ
ãªæ¥çæ§ãããããããå®éš11åã³12ã«ç€ºããã
ããã«ãåºææš¹èãšããŠèè¡ææ§ã³ããªããŒ
NPP 8602åã³NPP 8752ãçšããå Žåã«ãæè¯
ã®æ¥çæ§ã芳å¯ãããããŸããå®éš11åã³12ã®ã
ã¬ã³ãã¯ããšãã¬ã³ïŒãããã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒ(a)ã®
çš®é¡ãéã以å€ã¯å®éš11åã³12ã®ãã¬ã³ããšåã
ã§ããå®éš16ïŒäžèšã®è¡šïŒïŒã®ãã¬ã³ãããåªã
ãŠãããšããããšãããã€ãã
ãè¡šã
å
šãŠã®ãã¬ã³ãã«ã¯äŸïŒã«ããããããªæ¹è³ªã
ãªãããã¬ã³10ééïŒ ãå«æãããæ®éšãNPE
3509 HMWâLDPEã«ããããŸããããããã¬
ã³ãã«ã¯æ £çšã®å®å®å€ããå«æãããã äŸ ïŒ å®éš13ã16ã¯ãæ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšããããïŒæ
åãã¬ã³ãã«ãããŠè¯å¥œãªæ¥çæ§ãä¿é²ããã®ã«
å¿ èŠãªHMWâLDPEã®æ¿åºŠã瀺ããã®ã§ããã
æ¿åºŠã¯å®éš13ã®10ééïŒ ããå®éš16ã®25ééïŒ ãŸ
ã§å€åããããäžèšã®è¡šïŒã«çµæã瀺ãããšãã¬
ã³ãã¢ããªããŒã®æ¿åºŠãå¢å ããã«ã€ããŠãã¬ã³
ãã®æ¥çæ§ãå¢å€§ãããããããªãããHMWâ
LDPEã®æ·»å éãå€éãããšããã¬ã³ãã®ç©çç¹
æ§ãäœäžããã
ãªãããã¬ã³10ééïŒ ãå«æãããæ®éšãNPE
3509 HMWâLDPEã«ããããŸããããããã¬
ã³ãã«ã¯æ £çšã®å®å®å€ããå«æãããã äŸ ïŒ å®éš13ã16ã¯ãæ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšããããïŒæ
åãã¬ã³ãã«ãããŠè¯å¥œãªæ¥çæ§ãä¿é²ããã®ã«
å¿ èŠãªHMWâLDPEã®æ¿åºŠã瀺ããã®ã§ããã
æ¿åºŠã¯å®éš13ã®10ééïŒ ããå®éš16ã®25ééïŒ ãŸ
ã§å€åããããäžèšã®è¡šïŒã«çµæã瀺ãããšãã¬
ã³ãã¢ããªããŒã®æ¿åºŠãå¢å ããã«ã€ããŠãã¬ã³
ãã®æ¥çæ§ãå¢å€§ãããããããªãããHMWâ
LDPEã®æ·»å éãå€éãããšããã¬ã³ãã®ç©çç¹
æ§ãäœäžããã
ãè¡šã
ãããæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãã«ã¯ãäŸïŒã«ããããã
ãªæ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³10ééïŒ ãå«æãããæ®éš
ãCosden 7350åã³æ £çšã®å®å®å€ã«ããã äŸ ïŒ è¡šïŒã®å®éšã¯ãæ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšããããæ¥ç
å€ãã¬ã³ãã«ãããŠäœ¿çšããããšã®ã§ããæ¹è³ªã
ãªãããã¬ã³ã®æ¿åºŠå€åã®åœ±é¿ã瀺ããã®ã§ã
ããå®éš17ã20ãããEVOHã«å¯Ÿããæ¥çæ§ã¯
æ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³ãè¿œå ããããšã«ãã€ãŠæ倧
å€ãŸã§å¢å ãã次ãã§æžå°ãå§ãããšããããšã
ãããããã¬ã³ãäžã®æ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³ã®æé©
ç¯å²ã¯10ã15ééïŒ ã§ããããšããããã
ãªæ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³10ééïŒ ãå«æãããæ®éš
ãCosden 7350åã³æ £çšã®å®å®å€ã«ããã äŸ ïŒ è¡šïŒã®å®éšã¯ãæ¬çºæã«ãããŠçšããããæ¥ç
å€ãã¬ã³ãã«ãããŠäœ¿çšããããšã®ã§ããæ¹è³ªã
ãªãããã¬ã³ã®æ¿åºŠå€åã®åœ±é¿ã瀺ããã®ã§ã
ããå®éš17ã20ãããEVOHã«å¯Ÿããæ¥çæ§ã¯
æ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³ãè¿œå ããããšã«ãã€ãŠæ倧
å€ãŸã§å¢å ãã次ãã§æžå°ãå§ãããšããããšã
ãããããã¬ã³ãäžã®æ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³ã®æé©
ç¯å²ã¯10ã15ééïŒ ã§ããããšããããã
ãè¡šã
ãããæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ãã«ã¯ãäŸïŒã«ããããã
ãªHMWâLDPE25ééïŒ åã³è¡šïŒã«èšèŒã®éã®
æ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³ãå«æãããæ®éšãCosden
7350ã«ããããããŠæ £çšã®å®å®å€ãæ·»å ããã ãããã®äŸã¯ãæ¥çå€ãçšããå€å±€æ§é äœã®è£œ
é æ¹æ³åã³æ¥µæ§åºæã«æ¥çãããæ¥çå€ãå«æã
ãæ°èŠã®å€å±€æ§é äœãã瀺ããŠããã
ãªHMWâLDPE25ééïŒ åã³è¡šïŒã«èšèŒã®éã®
æ¹è³ªããªãããã¬ã³ãå«æãããæ®éšãCosden
7350ã«ããããããŠæ £çšã®å®å®å€ãæ·»å ããã ãããã®äŸã¯ãæ¥çå€ãçšããå€å±€æ§é äœã®è£œ
é æ¹æ³åã³æ¥µæ§åºæã«æ¥çãããæ¥çå€ãå«æã
ãæ°èŠã®å€å±€æ§é äœãã瀺ããŠããã
Claims (1)
- ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ã ïŒ (a) ãããã¬ã³ãšãšãã¬ã³ãšã®å®è³ªçã«éãš
ã©ã¹ãããŒç³»ã®ã³ããªããŒã§ãã€ãŠããšãã¬ã³
ã該ã³ããªããŒã®å°ãªããšãçŽïŒééïŒ ãæ§æ
ããåèšã³ããªããŒã (b) ãããã¬ã³ãšå°ãªããšãïŒçš®ã®éåæ§ãšãã¬
ã³ç³»äžé£œåã«ã«ãã³é žåã¯ãã®é žèªå°äœããæ
ãã³ã¢ãããŒãšã®ãçŽ0.1ã30ééïŒ ã®éïŒæ
çµãã¬ã³ãã®éãåºãšããŠïŒã®éãšã©ã¹ãããŒ
ç³»ã³ããªã㌠䞊ã³ã« (c) çŽ0.915ã0.930ã®ç¯å²ã®æ¯éãšã190âã«ã
ããŠæž¬å®ããŠçŽ1dïœïŒåããå°ããã¡ã«ãã€
ã³ããã¯ã¹ãšãçŽïŒãïŒã®ééå¹³åååéMw
ã®æ°å¹³åååéMoã«å¯Ÿããæ¯ã«ãã€ãŠæž¬å®ã
ãŠçãååéååžãšãæãããæ¥çãä¿é²ãã
ã®ã«æå¹ãªéã®ãšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªã㌠ã®æ··åç©ãå«ãæ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ããä»åšããã
ããšã«ãã€ãŠãæ°äœé®ææã®å±€ãå«ã第ïŒã®åº
æããããã¬ã³ããªããŒã®å±€ãå«ã第ïŒã®åº
æã«æ¥çãããŠæãè€åæ§é äœã ïŒ æ°äœé®ææã極æ§ææã§ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²
第ïŒé èšèŒã®è€åæ§é äœã ïŒ æ°äœé®ææãéå±ããã€ãã³åã³ãšãã¬ã³ïŒ
ããã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã³ããªããŒããæã矀ããéžæ
ãããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®è€åæ§é äœã ïŒ ç¬¬ïŒã®åºæãã©ã³ãã åã¯ãããã¯ã®èè¡æ
æ§ãããã¬ã³ã³ããªããŒãå«ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬
ïŒé èšèŒã®è€åæ§é äœã ïŒ ç¬¬ïŒã®åºæããããã¬ã³ã®ãã¢ããªããŒã§ã
ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®è€åæ§é äœã ïŒ ç¬¬ïŒã®åºæããããã¬ã³ã®ã³ããªããŒã§ãã
ç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®è€åæ§é äœã ïŒ ãã¬ã³ããå®è³ªçã«ãšã©ã¹ãããŒç³»ç©è³ªã
å«æããªãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®è€åæ§é
äœã ïŒ ãšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒ(c)ããã¬ã³ãã®çŽïŒ
ã30ééïŒ ãæ§æããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒ
ã®è€åæ§é äœã ïŒ ãšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒ(c)ããã¬ã³ãã®å°ãª
ããšãçŽïŒééïŒ ãæ§æããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒ
é èšèŒã®è€åæ§é äœã ïŒïŒ ãšãã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒ(c)ããã¬ã³ãã®å°
ãªããšãçŽ10ééïŒ ãæ§æããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬
ïŒé èšèŒã®è€åæ§é äœã ïŒïŒ ã³ããªããŒ(b)ããã¬ã³ãã®çŽïŒã25éé
ïŒ ãæ§æãããã¢ããªããŒ(c)ããã¬ã³ãã®çŽ10
ã30ééïŒ ãæ§æãäžã€ã³ããªããŒ(a)ããã¬ã³ã
ã®æ®éšãæ§æããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®
è€åæ§é äœã ïŒïŒ ã³ããªããŒ(b)ããã¬ã³ãã®çŽïŒã15éé
ïŒ ãæ§æãäžã€ãã¢ããªããŒ(c)ããã¬ã³ãã®çŽ
20ã25ééïŒ ãæ§æããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èš
èŒã®è€åæ§é äœã ïŒïŒ ã³ããªããŒ(b)ããã¬ã³ãã®å°ãªããšã10
ééïŒ ãæ§æããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®è€
åæ§é äœã ïŒïŒ ã³ããªããŒ(a)ãã©ã³ãã åã³ãããã¯ã®è
è¡ææ§ã³ããªããŒããæã矀ããéžæãããç¹èš±
è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®è€åæ§é äœã ïŒïŒ ã³ããªããŒ(a)ããããã¬ã³ãšãšãã¬ã³ãšä»
ã®ïŒâãªã¬ãã€ã³ãšã®ã¿ãŒããªããŒã§ããç¹èš±è«
æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®è€åæ§é äœã ïŒïŒ (b)ã«ãããã³ã¢ãããŒãã¢ã¯ãªã«é žãã¡ã¿
ã¯ãªã«é žããã¬ã€ã³é žãããã«é žãã€ã¿ã³ã³é žã
ã·ãã©ã³ã³é žãã¡ãµã³ã³é žãç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é žãïŒ
âã¡ãã«ã·ã¯ããããµâïŒâãšã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžã«
ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Žç©ããã·ã¯ã2.2.2ãªã¯ã¿âïŒ
âãšã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžã«ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Žç©ãïŒïŒïŒïŒ
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ10âãªã¯ã¿ãããããã¿ã¬
ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžã«ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Žç©ãïŒâãªããµâ
ïŒïŒïŒâãžã±ãã¹ãã4.4ããâïŒâãšã³ã
ãã·ã¯ã2.2.1ããã¿âïŒâãšã³âïŒïŒïŒâ
ãžã«ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Žç©ããã¬ãªããã«é žãç¡æ°Žãã
ã©ããããã¿ã«é žããã«ãã«ãâïŒâãšã³âïŒïŒ
ïŒâãžã«ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Žç©ãããé žç¡æ°Žç©ãã¡ãã«
ããé žç¡æ°Žç©ããã é žç¡æ°Žç©ãã¡ãã«ãã é žç¡æ°Ž
ç©åã³ïœâã¡ãã«ãã·ã¯ã2.2.1ããã¿âïŒ
âãšã³âïŒïŒïŒâãžã«ã«ãã³é žç¡æ°Žç©ããæã矀
ããéžæãããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®è€å
æ§é äœã ïŒïŒ (b)ã«ãããã³ã¢ãããŒãã³ããªããŒ(b)ã®ã
ãªããŒéäžã«çµã¿èŸŒãŸããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé
èšèŒã®è€åæ§é äœã ïŒïŒ ã³ããªããŒ(b)ãã°ã©ããã³ããªããŒã§ãã
äžã€ã³ã¢ãããŒããããã¬ã³ããªããŒã®äž»éäžã«
ã°ã©ããéåãããã°ã©ããéåæ§ã¢ãããŒã§ã
ãç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®è€åæ§é äœã ïŒïŒ ãããã¬ã³ããªããŒãçµæ¶æ§ãããã¬ã³ã
ã¢ããªããŒã§ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé èšèŒã®
è€åæ§é äœã ïŒïŒ ã°ã©ããéåæ§ã¢ãããŒãã³ããªããŒ(b)ã®
çŽ0.1ã3.0ééïŒ ãæ§æããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒ
ïŒé èšèŒã®è€åæ§é äœã ïŒïŒ ã°ã©ããéåæ§ã¢ãããŒãç¡æ°Žãã¬ã€ã³é ž
ã§ããäžã€äž»éãçµæ¶æ§ãããã¬ã³ãã¢ããªããŒ
ã§ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒé èšèŒã®è€åæ§é
äœã ïŒïŒ ãã¢ããªããŒ(c)ãçŽ0.925ã®æ¯éãšçŽ0.2ã
0.6ã¡ã«ãã€ã³ããã¯ã¹ãšãæããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯
å²ç¬¬ïŒé èšèŒã®è€åæ§é äœã ïŒïŒ MoãçŽ30000ã§ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²ç¬¬ïŒïŒ
é èšèŒã®è€åæ§é äœã ïŒïŒ MwïŒMoæ¯ãçŽ3.1ã§ããç¹èš±è«æ±ã®ç¯å²
第ïŒïŒé èšèŒã®è€åæ§é äœã
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US89093686A | 1986-07-28 | 1986-07-28 | |
US890936 | 1992-05-29 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS63212544A JPS63212544A (ja) | 1988-09-05 |
JPH0438227B2 true JPH0438227B2 (ja) | 1992-06-23 |
Family
ID=25397361
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP62185651A Expired - Lifetime JPH0660300B2 (ja) | 1986-07-28 | 1987-07-27 | æ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ã |
JP62235053A Granted JPS63212544A (ja) | 1986-07-28 | 1987-09-21 | è€åæ§é äœ |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP62185651A Expired - Lifetime JPH0660300B2 (ja) | 1986-07-28 | 1987-07-27 | æ¥çå€ãã¬ã³ã |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0257323B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JPH0660300B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA1288536C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE3782885T2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4842947A (en) * | 1986-07-28 | 1989-06-27 | Quantum Chemical Corporation | Adhesive blends and composite structures |
GB8618587D0 (en) * | 1986-07-30 | 1986-09-10 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Adhesive blends |
JPH03115483A (ja) * | 1989-09-29 | 1991-05-16 | Ube Ind Ltd | ãããã¡ã«ãæ¥çå€çµæç© |
JP5316300B2 (ja) | 2009-08-07 | 2013-10-16 | ä¿¡è¶ååŠå·¥æ¥æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | èæ©èæ§ã·ãªã³ãŒã³ã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°çµæç©äžŠã³ã«è¢«èŠç©ååã³ãã®è£œé æ¹æ³ |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS52123473A (en) * | 1976-04-09 | 1977-10-17 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | Multiply laminate structure |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3483276A (en) * | 1964-12-04 | 1969-12-09 | Hercules Inc | Blends of modified and unmodified polypropylene |
US4076670A (en) * | 1977-01-27 | 1978-02-28 | Eastman Kodak Company | Hot-melt adhesives having improved properties at elevated temperatures |
JPS5814459B2 (ja) * | 1977-12-28 | 1983-03-19 | äœåååŠå·¥æ¥æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | æ¥çæ§æš¹èçµæç© |
CA1150882A (en) * | 1980-08-15 | 1983-07-26 | Seymour Schmukler | Adhesive blends and composite structures |
JPS59206446A (ja) * | 1983-04-04 | 1984-11-22 | Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd | ãããã¬ã³æš¹èçµæç© |
JPS608347A (ja) * | 1983-06-28 | 1985-01-17 | Chisso Corp | æ¥çæ§ããªãããã¬ã³çµæç© |
-
1987
- 1987-06-30 CA CA000541031A patent/CA1288536C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-27 JP JP62185651A patent/JPH0660300B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-28 EP EP87110928A patent/EP0257323B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-28 DE DE8787110928T patent/DE3782885T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-09-21 JP JP62235053A patent/JPS63212544A/ja active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS52123473A (en) * | 1976-04-09 | 1977-10-17 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | Multiply laminate structure |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3782885T2 (de) | 1993-06-17 |
EP0257323A1 (en) | 1988-03-02 |
JPH0660300B2 (ja) | 1994-08-10 |
EP0257323B1 (en) | 1992-12-02 |
JPS6335675A (ja) | 1988-02-16 |
CA1288536C (en) | 1991-09-03 |
DE3782885D1 (de) | 1993-01-14 |
JPS63212544A (ja) | 1988-09-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4774144A (en) | Adhesive blends and composite structures | |
CA1288188C (en) | Adhesive blends and composite structures | |
CA1200040A (en) | Adhesive blends and composite structures | |
US20050228133A1 (en) | Polyolefin-based adhesive resins | |
CA1250385A (en) | Adhesive composition of elastomer dispersed in ethylene/carboxylic acid copolymer matrix | |
EP0479457A1 (en) | Adhesive or coating compositions and their uses | |
JP2009523886A (ja) | ã¹ãã¬ã³ããªããŒããã³ãã®è£œåçšã®çµåå±€æ¥çå€çµæç© | |
WO2005113697A1 (en) | Adhesive composition having improved clarity for coextruded barrier films | |
JPH08325425A (ja) | ã°ã©ããåãããããªãªã¬ãã£ã³ãåºå€ãšããåææŒåºãã€ã³ã㌠| |
JP3590479B2 (ja) | éåäœçµæç©ããã³ãã®çšé | |
KR100695042B1 (ko) | 공귞ëííží ïœïœïœïœïœ ë° ë©íë¡ìŒ íŽëŠ¬ìížë ë°ë©íë¡ìŒ íŽëŠ¬ìížë êž°ì¬ íŽëŠ¬ìì€í ë¥Žì© ê³µìì¶ ê²°í©ì | |
JPH0438227B2 (ja) | ||
EP0669374B1 (en) | Use of polyketone /HDPE blends | |
JP3626577B2 (ja) | éåäœçµæç©ãªãã³ã«ãã®æ圢åããã³çšé | |
JPH0496946A (ja) | ããªãšãã¬ã³ç³»æš¹èçµæç© | |
JPH0645730B2 (ja) | å€æ§ããªãšãã¬ã³æš¹èçµæç© | |
JP2002512646A (ja) | æŒåºè¢«èŠçšã®ããªãšãã¬ã³ãã¬ã³ã | |
EP0258990B1 (en) | Adhesive blends and multi-layered structures comprising the adhesive blends | |
WO1999042286A1 (en) | A multi-layered structure | |
JP7456197B2 (ja) | æš¹èçµæç©åã³æåŒè£æ§ãã£ã«ã ãæåŒè£æ§ã·ãŒã | |
JP6971466B2 (ja) | ããªãšãã¬ã³ç©å±€äœ | |
JPS58191128A (ja) | ããªãªã¬ãã€ã³ã®æŒåºã©ããâãã®è£œæ³ | |
WO1999043496A1 (en) | A multi-layered structure | |
JP3512922B2 (ja) | ç©å±€äœ | |
JP4169310B2 (ja) | æ¥çæ§çµæç©ããã³å€å±€æ§é ç© |