JP7381767B2 - ワイヤレス電力システムにおけるアクティブ整流 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
- H02J7/00036—Charger exchanging data with battery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
- H02M1/0085—Partially controlled bridges
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
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Description
本出願は、参照により本明細書にその全体が組み込まれる、2020年3月6日に出願した「ACTIVE RECTIFICATION IN WIRELESS POWER SYSTEMS」と題する米国特許仮出願62/986,212号の優先権および利益を主張する。
いくつかの実施形態では、ワイヤレス電力システム100は、動作の1つまたは複数のモードで構成され得る。動作のモードは、例えば、バッテリの充電および/またはバッテリの加熱など、負荷の1つまたは複数のタイプのためにエネルギーを提供することを含み得る。例示的な「充電モード」では、システム100は、電圧をバッテリに提供するように構成される。充電モードは、定電流(CC)モードおよび/または定電圧(CV)モードを含み得る。例示的な「加熱モード」では、システム100は、バッテリを加熱するように構成されたレジスタに電流を提供するように構成される。加熱モードは定電圧(CV)モードを含み得る。本明細書で議論するように、バッテリおよび/またはレジスタは「負荷」として示される。
図6は、例示的なアクティブ整流器602を含む、例示的なワイヤレス電力システムを示す。いくつかの実施形態では、トランスミッタ202は、インダクタL3sAおよび/またはインダクタL3sBに直列する容量性要素を含むことができることに留意されたい。レシーバ204は、インダクタL3sAおよび/またはインダクタL3sBに直列する容量性要素を含むことができる。図7Aは、例示的なアクティブ整流器206または602のトランジスタのための制御信号を生成するブロック図700a、700bである。図3および4A~4Bに対して上述したように、入力電流I3dは、ゼロ交差検出器702に提供され、出力信号ZCDは、正弦波電流信号I3dのゼロ交差を表す。信号ZCDは、位相ロックループ(PLL)モジュール704(例えば、デジタルPLL(DPLL)、すべてのデジタルPLL(ADPLL)など)に提供され、信号ZCDに基づいて電流信号I3dの位相を決定する。図700aおよび700bは、モジュール704の別の実施形態を提供する。モジュール704aは、XOR論理ゲートを特徴とするタイプI位相検出器であってよい。モジュール704bは、チャージポンプを特徴とするタイプII位相検出器であってよい。抽出された位相情報を表す信号SYNCは、ランプ生成モジュール706に提供され得る。生成されたランプ信号および基準電圧信号Vrefは、PWM生成器モジュール708に提供される。PWM生成器708は、それぞれトランジスタQ5およびQ6(例えば、それぞれトランジスタS7およびS8)に、制御信号PWM5およびPWM6(例えば、PWMVA)を生み出すように構成される。例示的なPWM生成器708およびオプションでランプ生成器706は、変調器(例えば、ModVA)と呼ばれることがある。いくつかの実施形態では、変調器は、入力電流I3dに大きな電流高調波が存在する場合でも、アクティブ整流器の動作の安定性を確保するように構成できる。例示的な変調器は、ゼロ電圧スイッチング(ZVS)を維持することに利点がある場合がある。例示的な変調器は、上述したように定電圧(CV)動作を可能にすることができる。
いくつかの例では、上述の処理の一部または全部は、1つまたは複数の集中型コンピューティングデバイス上で実行され得る。いくつかの例では、いくつかのタイプの処理が1つのデバイス上で発生し、他のタイプの処理が別のデバイス上で発生する。いくつかの例では、上述のデータの一部または全部は、1つまたは複数の集中型コンピューティングデバイス上でホストされるデータストレージに、あるいはクラウドベースのストレージを介して格納され得る。いくつかの例では、いくつかのデータは、1つの場所に格納され、他のデータは別の場所に格納される。いくつかの例では、量子コンピューティングが使用され得る。いくつかの例では、関数型プログラミング言語が使用され得る。いくつかの例では、フラッシュベースメモリなど電子メモリが使用され得る。
本明細書で使用される言い回しおよび用語は、説明のためのものであり、限定するものと見なされるべきではない。
102 トランスミッタ
104 レシーバ
106 力率補正(PFC)回路
108 インバータ
110 インピーダンス整合ネットワーク
118 整流器
120 負荷
122 コントローラ
128 センサ
200 ワイヤレス電力システム
202 トランスミッタ
204 レシーバ
206 アクティブ整流器
208 スイッチ
210 サブ回路
212a 容量性スナバ
214a 容量性スナバ
216a 容量性スナバ
300 制御システム
302 レシーバコントローラ
304 トランスミッタコントローラ
306 ワイヤレス通信
Claims (15)
- ワイヤレス電力レシーバのアクティブ整流器を制御するための方法であって、
前記整流器への電流の基準値を決定するステップであって、前記基準値が負荷要件に基づく、ステップと、
前記基準値に基づいて前記整流器への現在の入力電流の必要な値の変化を決定するステップと、
前記現在の入力電流の前記必要な値の変化を表す信号を、ワイヤレス電力トランスミッタに送信するステップと、
前記信号を送信した後に前記現在の入力電流の新しい値を決定するステップと、
前記新しい値が前記必要な値の変化の所定の範囲内である場合、前記新しい値に基づいてPWM信号を用いて前記整流器の少なくとも1つのトランジスタを駆動するステップと、
前記新しい値が前記所定の範囲内でない場合、前記整流器への前記電流の別の基準値を決定するステップと、
を備える、方法。 - 前記ワイヤレス電力レシーバからの電圧、電流、または電力の少なくとも1つに対する要求を、バッテリ管理システムから受信するステップをさらに備える、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記現在の入力電流の前記必要な値の変化を表す前記信号を、前記ワイヤレス電力トランスミッタに送信するステップは、前記ワイヤレス電力トランスミッタによって前記ワイヤレス電力レシーバに送信された電力の変化を引き起こし、
前記現在の入力電流の前記新しい値が送信された電力の変化に基づく、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 送信された電力の前記変化は、前記電力を減少させることである、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 送信された電力の前記変化は、前記電力をゼロに減少させることである、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 送信された電力の前記変化は、前記電力を増加させることである、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記必要な値の変化の前記所定の範囲と前記現在の入力電流の前記新しい値を比較するステップをさらに備える、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ワイヤレス電力レシーバのアクティブ整流器を制御するためのコントローラであって、前記コントローラは前記整流器に結合され、
前記整流器への電流の基準値を決定するステップであって、前記基準値が負荷要件に基づく、ステップと、
前記基準値に基づいて前記整流器への現在の入力電流の必要な値の変化を決定するステップと、
前記現在の入力電流の前記必要な値の変化を表す信号を、ワイヤレス電力トランスミッタに送信するステップと、
前記信号を送信した後に前記現在の入力電流の新しい値を決定するステップと、
前記新しい値が前記必要な値の変化の所定の範囲内である場合、前記新しい値に基づいてPWM信号を用いて前記整流器の少なくとも1つのトランジスタを駆動するステップと、
前記新しい値が前記所定の範囲内でない場合、前記整流器への前記電流の別の基準値を決定するステップと
を含む複数のステップを実行するように構成される、コントローラ。 - 前記複数のステップは、前記ワイヤレス電力レシーバからの電圧、電流、または電力の少なくとも1つに対する要求を、前記整流器の出力に結合されたバッテリ管理システムから受信するステップをさらに備える、請求項8に記載のコントローラ。
- 前記現在の入力電流の前記必要な値の変化を表す前記信号を、前記ワイヤレス電力トランスミッタに送信するステップは、前記ワイヤレス電力トランスミッタによって前記ワイヤレス電力レシーバに送信された電力の変化を引き起こし、
前記現在の入力電流の前記新しい値が送信された電力の変化に基づく、請求項8に記載のコントローラ。 - 送信された電力の前記変化は、前記電力を減少させることである、請求項10に記載のコントローラ。
- 送信された電力の前記変化は、前記電力をゼロに減少させることである、請求項11に記載のコントローラ。
- 送信された電力の前記変化は、前記電力を増加させることである、請求項10に記載のコントローラ。
- 前記複数のステップは、前記必要な値の変化の前記所定の範囲と前記現在の入力電流の前記新しい値を比較するステップをさらに備える、請求項8に記載のコントローラ。
- 前記コントローラは、前記整流器の前記少なくとも1つのトランジスタに結合される、請求項8に記載のコントローラ。
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