JP7367856B2 - 半導体装置および半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置および半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7367856B2 JP7367856B2 JP2022512697A JP2022512697A JP7367856B2 JP 7367856 B2 JP7367856 B2 JP 7367856B2 JP 2022512697 A JP2022512697 A JP 2022512697A JP 2022512697 A JP2022512697 A JP 2022512697A JP 7367856 B2 JP7367856 B2 JP 7367856B2
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Description
特許文献1 US2015/0050754号
NF0=NH+NB0 ・・・式(1)
一方、実際のドナー濃度NFreは、実際のバルク・ドナー濃度NBreに、水素ドナー濃度NHを加算したものであるので、下式で与えられる。
NFre=NH+NBre ・・・式(2)
β=NBre/NB0 ・・・式(3)
パラメータβは、実際のバルク・ドナー濃度NBreと仕様値NB0との比であり、1から離れるほど実際のバルク・ドナー濃度NBreが仕様値NB0からずれていることを示す。
γ=NFre/NF0 ・・・式(4)
パラメータγは、実際のドナー濃度NFreと目標値NF0との比であり、1から離れるほど実際のドナー濃度NFreが目標値NF0からずれていることを示す。つまり、γが十分に1に近ければ、実際のバルク・ドナー濃度NBreが仕様値NB0に対してβ倍ずれた場合でも、βにほとんど依らずに、実際のドナー濃度NFreが目標値NF0とほぼ一致していることを示している。
・中性子照射FZウエハ・・・±8%(比では0.92から1.08)
・ガスドープFZウエハ・・・±12%(比では0.88から1.12)
このため、γが0.85以上、1.15以下であれば、最終的なドナー濃度NFreのばらつきが、上述したFZ法のシリコンウエハのバルク・ドナー濃度と同程度になる。本明細書では、γの許容値を0.85以上、1.15以下とする。
NB0=ε'×NF0 ・・・式(5)
ただし、0<ε'<1。パラメータε'は、ドナー濃度の目標値NF0に対して、バルク・ドナー濃度の仕様値NB0をε'だけ小さく設定する、という意味のパラメータである。
ε'を、0にならない範囲で1よりもどれだけ小さい値とすれば、γがβによらずに、且つ、十分1に近づくかを検討する。
ε=1/ε' ・・・式(6)
式(5)および式(6)から、下式が得られる。
NB0=NF0/ε ・・・式(7)
式(1)に式(7)を代入して、下式が得られる。
NF0=NH+NF0/ε つまり、NH=(1-1/ε)NF0 ・・・式(8)
式(2)に式(8)および式(3)を代入して、下式が得られる。
NFre=(1-1/ε)NF0+βNB0 ・・・式(9)
式(9)に式(7)を代入して、下式が得られる。
NFre=(1-1/ε)NF0+(β/ε)NF0
=(1-1/ε+β/ε)NF0 ・・・式(10)
式(4)に式(10)を代入して、下式が得られる。
γ=1-1/ε+β/ε
=1+(β―1)/ε ・・・式(11)
式(6)および式(11)から、下式が得られる。
γ=1+ε'(β―1) ・・・式(12)
(範囲A)
ε'が0.001以上、0.5以下。ε'が0.5の場合、βが0.7~1.3の範囲内であれば、γが許容範囲内となる。例えばバルク・ドナー濃度の仕様値NB0が1×1014/cm3であり、ε'が0.001の場合、ドナー濃度の目標値NF0は1×1011/cm3であり、約46000Ωcmに相当する。
ε'が0.01以上、0.333以下。ε'が0.333の場合、βが0.5~1.5の範囲内であれば、γが許容範囲内となる。例えばバルク・ドナー濃度の仕様値NB0が1×1014/cm3であり、ε'が0.01の場合、ドナー濃度の目標値NF0は1×1012/cm3であり、約4600Ωcmに相当する。
ε'が0.03以上、0.25以下。ε'が0.25の場合、βが概ね0.4~1.6の範囲内であれば、γが許容範囲内となる。例えばバルク・ドナー濃度の仕様値NB0が1×1014/cm3であり、ε'が0.03の場合、ドナー濃度の目標値NF0は3×1012/cm3であり、約1500Ωcmに相当する。
ε'が0.1以上、0.2以下。ε'が0.2の場合、βが概ね0.2~1.8の範囲内であれば、γが許容範囲内となる。例えばバルク・ドナー濃度の仕様値NB0が1×1014/cm3であり、ε'が0.1の場合、ドナー濃度の目標値NF0は1×1013/cm3であり、約460Ωcmに相当する。
(範囲E)
ε'が0.001以上、0.1以下。ε'が0.1の場合、βが概ね0.05(図示しない)~3.0の範囲内であれば、γが十分許容範囲内となる。例えばバルク・ドナー濃度の仕様値NB0が1×1014/cm3であり、ε'が0.1の場合、ドナー濃度の目標値NF0は1×1013/cm3であり、約460Ωcmに相当する。
ε'が0.002以上、0.05以下。ε'が0.05の場合、βが概ね0.01(図示しない)~5.0の範囲内であれば、γが十分許容範囲内となる。例えばバルク・ドナー濃度の仕様値NB0が1×1014/cm3であり、ε'が0.05の場合、ドナー濃度の目標値NF0は5×1012/cm3であり、約920Ωcmに相当する。
ε'が0.005以上、0.02以下。ε'が0.02の場合、βが概ね0.01(図示しない)~10.0の範囲内であれば、γが十分許容範囲内となる。例えばバルク・ドナー濃度の仕様値NB0が1×1014/cm3であり、ε'が0.02の場合、ドナー濃度の目標値NF0は2×1012/cm3であり、約2300Ωcmに相当する。
ε'が0.01±0.002(20%)の幅を有する場合。ε'が0.01の場合、βが概ね0.01(図示しない)~20.0(図示しない)の範囲内であれば、γが十分許容範囲内となる。例えばバルク・ドナー濃度の仕様値NB0が1×1014/cm3であり、ε'が0.01の場合、ドナー濃度の目標値NF0は1×1012/cm3であり、約4600Ωcmに相当する。
・下限314:(9.20245×1012)/x
・上限313:(4.60123×1016)/x
・下限314:(9.20245×1013)/x
・上限313:(3.06442×1016)/x
・下限314:(2.76074×1014)/x
・上限313:(2.30061×1016)/x
・下限314:(9.20245×1014)/x
・上限313:(1.84049×1016)/x
・下限314:(9.20245×1012)/x
・上限313:(9.20245×1015)/x
・下限314:(1.84049×1013)/x
・上限313:(4.60123×1015)/x
・下限314:(4.60123×1013)/x
・上限313:(1.84049×1015)/x
・下限314:(9.20245×1013)/x
・上限313:(9.20245×1014)/x
なお、各範囲における上限313および下限314は、±20%の幅を有してよい。
Claims (21)
- 上面および下面を有し、バルク・ドナーを含む半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の前記下面側に配置され、前記半導体基板の深さ方向において2個以上のドーピング濃度ピークを有する、第1導電型のバッファ領域と、
前記バッファ領域と前記半導体基板の前記上面との間に配置され、バルク・ドナー濃度よりもドナー濃度が高い第1導電型の高濃度領域と、
前記バッファ領域と前記半導体基板の前記下面との間に配置され、前記高濃度領域よりもドーピング濃度の高い第1導電型または第2導電型の下面領域と
を備え、
前記バッファ領域の前記ドーピング濃度ピークのうち、前記半導体基板の前記下面に最も近い最浅ドーピング濃度ピークは、他の前記ドーピング濃度ピークよりも高濃度の水素ドナーの濃度ピークであり、
前記半導体基板の前記上面側に配置された不純物化学濃度ピークを更に備え、
前記高濃度領域は、前記最浅ドーピング濃度ピークから前記不純物化学濃度ピークまで設けられている
半導体装置。 - 前記不純物化学濃度ピークの頂点から前記上面側に向かって不純物化学濃度が減少する上側裾は、前記不純物化学濃度ピークの頂点から前記下面側に向かって前記不純物化学濃度が減少する下側裾よりも、前記不純物化学濃度が急峻に減少する
請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 上面および下面を有し、バルク・ドナーを含む半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の前記下面側に配置され、前記半導体基板の深さ方向において2個以上のドーピング濃度ピークを有する、第1導電型のバッファ領域と、
前記バッファ領域と前記半導体基板の前記上面との間に配置され、バルク・ドナー濃度よりもドナー濃度が高い第1導電型の高濃度領域と、
前記バッファ領域と前記半導体基板の前記下面との間に配置され、前記高濃度領域よりもドーピング濃度の高い第1導電型または第2導電型の下面領域と
を備え、
前記バッファ領域の前記ドーピング濃度ピークのうち、前記半導体基板の前記下面に最も近い最浅ドーピング濃度ピークは、他の前記ドーピング濃度ピークよりも高濃度の水素ドナーの濃度ピークであり、
前記半導体基板の前記上面側に配置され、前記高濃度領域よりもドーピング濃度の高い蓄積領域を更に備え、
前記高濃度領域は、前記蓄積領域と接する位置まで設けられる
半導体装置。 - 上面および下面を有し、バルク・ドナーを含む半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の前記下面側に配置され、前記半導体基板の深さ方向において2個以上のドーピング濃度ピークを有する、第1導電型のバッファ領域と、
前記バッファ領域と前記半導体基板の前記上面との間に配置され、バルク・ドナー濃度よりもドナー濃度が高い第1導電型の高濃度領域と、
前記バッファ領域と前記半導体基板の前記下面との間に配置され、前記高濃度領域よりもドーピング濃度の高い第1導電型または第2導電型の下面領域と
を備え、
前記バッファ領域の前記ドーピング濃度ピークのうち、前記半導体基板の前記下面に最も近い最浅ドーピング濃度ピークは、他の前記ドーピング濃度ピークよりも高濃度の水素ドナーの濃度ピークであり、
前記高濃度領域は、ドーピング濃度が略一様な一様領域を含み、
前記半導体基板の前記上面側に配置された不純物化学濃度ピークを更に備え、
前記一様領域のドーピング濃度分布は、第1範囲において、ドーピング濃度の最大値と最小値との差分がドーピング濃度の最大値の50%以内であり、
前記第1範囲は、前記高濃度領域の前記深さ方向における長さをZLとし、前記深さ方向における前記最浅ドーピング濃度ピークと前記不純物化学濃度ピークとの間の中心をZ12cとした場合に、中心Z12cを含む0.5ZLの長さの区間である
半導体装置。 - 上面および下面を有し、バルク・ドナーを含む半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の前記下面側に配置され、前記半導体基板の深さ方向において2個以上のドーピング濃度ピークを有する、第1導電型のバッファ領域と、
前記バッファ領域と前記半導体基板の前記上面との間に配置され、バルク・ドナー濃度よりもドナー濃度が高い第1導電型の高濃度領域と、
前記バッファ領域と前記半導体基板の前記下面との間に配置され、前記高濃度領域よりもドーピング濃度の高い第1導電型または第2導電型の下面領域と
を備え、
前記バッファ領域の前記ドーピング濃度ピークのうち、前記半導体基板の前記下面に最も近い最浅ドーピング濃度ピークは、他の前記ドーピング濃度ピークよりも高濃度の水素ドナーの濃度ピークであり、
前記高濃度領域は、ドーピング濃度が略一様な一様領域を含み、
前記半導体基板の前記上面側に配置された不純物化学濃度ピークを更に備え、
前記一様領域のドーピング濃度分布は、第1範囲において、ドーピング濃度分布の平均濃度に対してドーピング濃度分布の値が当該平均濃度の±50%以内であり、
前記第1範囲は、前記高濃度領域の前記深さ方向における長さをZLとし、前記深さ方向における前記最浅ドーピング濃度ピークと前記不純物化学濃度ピークとの間の中心をZ12cとした場合に、中心Z12cを含む0.5ZLの長さの区間である
半導体装置。 - 上面および下面を有し、バルク・ドナーを含む半導体基板と、
前記半導体基板の前記下面側に配置され、前記半導体基板の深さ方向において2個以上のドーピング濃度ピークを有する、第1導電型のバッファ領域と、
前記バッファ領域と前記半導体基板の前記上面との間に配置され、バルク・ドナー濃度よりもドナー濃度が高い第1導電型の高濃度領域と、
前記バッファ領域と前記半導体基板の前記下面との間に配置され、前記高濃度領域よりもドーピング濃度の高い第1導電型または第2導電型の下面領域と
を備え、
前記バッファ領域の前記ドーピング濃度ピークのうち、前記半導体基板の前記下面に最も近い最浅ドーピング濃度ピークは、他の前記ドーピング濃度ピークよりも高濃度の水素ドナーの濃度ピークであり、
前記高濃度領域のドーピング濃度の最小値は、前記バルク・ドナー濃度の10倍以上である
半導体装置。 - 上面および下面を有し、バルク・ドナーを含む半導体基板を備える半導体装置であって、
前記半導体装置は、
前記半導体基板の前記下面側に配置され、前記半導体基板の深さ方向において2個以上のドーピング濃度ピークを有する、第1導電型のバッファ領域と、
前記バッファ領域と前記半導体基板の前記上面との間に配置され、バルク・ドナー濃度よりもドナー濃度が高い第1導電型の高濃度領域と、
前記バッファ領域と前記半導体基板の前記下面との間に配置され、前記高濃度領域よりもドーピング濃度の高い第1導電型または第2導電型の下面領域と
を備え、
前記バッファ領域の前記ドーピング濃度ピークのうち、前記半導体基板の前記下面に最も近い最浅ドーピング濃度ピークは、他の前記ドーピング濃度ピークよりも高濃度の水素ドナーの濃度ピークであり、
前記半導体装置の定格電圧をx(V)とした場合に、前記バルク・ドナー濃度(atoms/cm 3 )が、(9.20245×10 12 )/x以上、(4.60123×10 16 )/x以下である
半導体装置。 - 前記高濃度領域は、前記深さ方向において50μm以上の長さを有する
請求項1から3、6または7のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記最浅ドーピング濃度ピークのピーク濃度Aと、他の前記ドーピング濃度ピークの平均ピーク濃度Bとの比A/Bが200以下である
請求項1から3または6から8のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記高濃度領域は、前記最浅ドーピング濃度ピークから前記半導体基板の前記上面に向かって80μm以上の長さを有する
請求項1から3または6から9のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記高濃度領域は、前記半導体基板の前記深さ方向の厚みの40%以上の長さを有する
請求項1から3または6から10のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記比A/Bが2以上である
請求項9に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記最浅ドーピング濃度ピークのドーズ量Cと、他の前記ドーピング濃度ピークの総ドーズ量Dとの比C/Dが、6以上100以下である
請求項1から3または6から12のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。 - 上面および下面を有し、バルク・ドナーを含む半導体基板の前記下面から、第1の位置に水素イオンを注入し、且つ、前記第1の位置よりも前記上面に近い第2の位置に荷電粒子を注入する第1注入段階と、
前記半導体基板をアニールして、前記第1の位置と前記第2の位置との間に、バルク・ドナー濃度よりもドナー濃度が高い高濃度領域を形成する第1アニール段階と、
前記第1の位置および前記第2の位置の間の1箇所以上の第3の位置に、N型ドーパントを注入する第2注入段階と
を備える半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第2の位置は、前記半導体基板の前記上面側に配置され、前記第3の位置は、前記半導体基板の前記下面側に配置されている
請求項14に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第2注入段階の後に前記半導体基板をアニールする第2アニール段階を更に備える
請求項14または15に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第1アニール段階および前記第2アニール段階のアニール温度は、両方とも350℃以上、400℃以下である
請求項16に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第1アニール段階および前記第2アニール段階のアニール温度の差は10℃以下である
請求項17に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第2注入段階において、前記第1の位置に水素イオンを注入する
請求項14から18のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第2注入段階において前記第1の位置に注入する前記水素イオンの第2のドーズ量は、前記第1注入段階において前記第1の位置に注入する前記水素イオンの第1のドーズ量よりも低い
請求項19に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記第1のドーズ量は、1×1014ions/cm2以上であり、
前記第2のドーズ量は、3×1013ions/cm2以上である
請求項20に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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