JP7345497B2 - 電池パック - Google Patents
電池パック Download PDFInfo
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- JP7345497B2 JP7345497B2 JP2020557012A JP2020557012A JP7345497B2 JP 7345497 B2 JP7345497 B2 JP 7345497B2 JP 2020557012 A JP2020557012 A JP 2020557012A JP 2020557012 A JP2020557012 A JP 2020557012A JP 7345497 B2 JP7345497 B2 JP 7345497B2
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- Prior art keywords
- transistor
- oxide
- insulator
- terminal
- semiconductor device
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 380
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 103
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 301
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 294
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 131
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 107
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 107
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 105
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 96
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 96
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 86
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 80
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 79
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 64
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 63
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 58
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 55
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 46
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 39
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 35
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 33
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 27
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
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- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical group [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
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- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 19
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 17
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
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- 239000010936 titanium Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 15
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 14
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- -1 hafnium aluminate Chemical class 0.000 description 12
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 11
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 101100042610 Arabidopsis thaliana SIGB gene Proteins 0.000 description 8
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
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- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 6
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- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical group [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 5
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical group [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 101100421503 Arabidopsis thaliana SIGA gene Proteins 0.000 description 4
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101100294408 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) MOT2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 4
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical group [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- GPBUGPUPKAGMDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynemolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]#N GPBUGPUPKAGMDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 4
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical group [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical group [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VUFNLQXQSDUXKB-DOFZRALJSA-N 2-[4-[4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]butanoyloxy]ethyl (5z,8z,11z,14z)-icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoate Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(=O)OCCOC(=O)CCCC1=CC=C(N(CCCl)CCCl)C=C1 VUFNLQXQSDUXKB-DOFZRALJSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ge] Chemical compound [Si].[Ge] LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MDPILPRLPQYEEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium arsenide Chemical compound [As]#[Al] MDPILPRLPQYEEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005407 aluminoborosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005354 aluminosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
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- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001004 secondary ion mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
- H01L21/82—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components
- H01L21/822—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being a semiconductor, using silicon technology
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- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/04—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body
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- H01L27/04—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body
- H01L27/06—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including a plurality of individual components in a non-repetitive configuration
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- H01L27/04—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body
- H01L27/08—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind
- H01L27/085—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only
- H01L27/088—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including field-effect components only the components being field-effect transistors with insulated gate
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- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
- H01L29/78645—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film with multiple gate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
- H01L29/7869—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film having a semiconductor body comprising an oxide semiconductor material, e.g. zinc oxide, copper aluminium oxide, cadmium stannate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
- H03K17/082—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit
- H03K17/0822—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit in field-effect transistor switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/0027—Measuring means of, e.g. currents through or voltages across the switch
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
- H03K2217/0072—Low side switches, i.e. the lower potential [DC] or neutral wire [AC] being directly connected to the switch and not via the load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
- H03K3/023—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of differential amplifiers or comparators, with internal or external positive feedback
- H03K3/0231—Astable circuits
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Metal-Oxide And Bipolar Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Thin Film Transistor (AREA)
- Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
Description
図2Aおよび図2Bは、半導体装置の動作例を示す図である。
図3Aおよび図3Bは、半導体装置の動作例を示す図である。
図4Aおよび図4Bは、半導体装置の構成例を示す図である。
図5A乃至図5Dは、トランジスタの回路記号を示す図である。
図6は、半導体装置の構成例を示す図である。
図7Aおよび図7Bは、半導体装置の動作例を示す図である。
図8Aおよび図8Bは、半導体装置の動作例を示す図である。
図9は、半導体装置の構成例を示す図である。
図10Aおよび図10Bは、半導体装置の動作例を示す図である。
図11Aおよび図11Bは、半導体装置の動作例を示す図である。
図12は、半導体装置の構成例を示す図である。
図13Aおよび図13Bは、半導体装置の動作例を示す図である。
図14Aおよび図14Bは、半導体装置の動作例を示す図である。
図15は、半導体装置の構成例を示す図である。
図16は、半導体装置の構成例を示す図である。
図17は、半導体装置の構成例を示す図である。
図18A乃至図18Dは、保護装置の等価回路を示す図である。
図19Aおよび図19Bは、保護装置の等価回路を示す図である。
図20Aおよび図20Bは、保護装置の等価回路を示す図である。
図21A乃至図21Cは、保護装置の等価回路を示す図である。
図22は、半導体装置の構成例を示す図である。
図23A乃至図23Cは、保護装置の等価回路を示す図である。
図24は、半導体装置の構成例を示す図である。
図25は、保護装置の等価回路を示す図である。
図26は、半導体装置の構成例を示す図である。
図27は、半導体装置の構成例を示す図である。
図28は、保護装置の等価回路を示す図である。
図29は、半導体装置の構成例を示す図である。
図30は、半導体装置の構成例を示す図である。
図31A乃至図31Cは、トランジスタの構造例を示す図である。
図32A乃至図32Cは、トランジスタの構造例を示す図である。
図33A乃至図33Cは、トランジスタの構造例を示す図である。
図34A乃至図34Cは、二次電池の構造例を示す図である。
図35A乃至図35Cは、二次電池の構造例を示す図である。
図36Aおよび図36Bは、捲回体および二次電池の構造例を示す図である。
図37は、電子機器の一例を示す図である。
本発明の一態様の半導体装置について、図面を用いて説明する。
図1に半導体装置200Aの構成例を示す。半導体装置200Aは、端子201乃至端子204、半導体装置100C、制御回路210、電位生成回路220、抵抗211、容量212、トランジスタ213、トランジスタ214、ダイオード215、およびダイオード216を有する。
制御回路210はトランジスタ213のオン状態とオフ状態を選択する機能を有する。また、制御回路210はトランジスタ214のオン状態とオフ状態を選択する機能を有する。
半導体装置100Cは、過電流検知回路として機能する。図2および図3を用いて、半導体装置100Cの動作例について説明する。図2および図3は、半導体装置100Cの動作状態を示す図である。
図6に、半導体装置200Aの変形例である半導体装置200Aaの構成例を示す。本実施の形態では、説明の繰り返しを減らすため、半導体装置200Aと異なる点について主に説明する。半導体装置200Aaは、半導体装置100Cに換えて半導体装置100Caを有する点が半導体装置200Aと異なる。
半導体装置100Caは、半導体装置100Cと同様に過電流検知回路として機能する。図7および図8を用いて、半導体装置100Caの動作例について説明する。図7および図8は、半導体装置100Caの動作状態を示す図である。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の半導体装置の他の構成例などについて、図面を用いて説明する。
図9に半導体装置200Bの構成例を示す。半導体装置200Bは、半導体装置200Aの変形例である。よって、説明の繰り返しを減らすため、本実施の形態では半導体装置200Aと異なる点について主に説明する。
半導体装置200Bが有する半導体装置100Dは、放電動作中に抵抗121に規定以上の電流(「過電流」ともいう。)が流れた場合、それを検知する機能を有する。具体的には、半導体装置100Dは、放電動作中に過電流を検知するとH電位を出力する。半導体装置100Dは、放電動作中の過電流検知回路として機能する。半導体装置100Dの出力(電位VOUT)は、配線122を介して制御回路210の端子225に供給される。
半導体装置100Dは、過電流検知回路として機能する。図10および図11を用いて、半導体装置100Dの動作例について説明する。図10および図11は、半導体装置100Dの動作状態を示す図である。前述した通り、本実施の形態では、電位VRを1.1Vとし、電位VRFNを1.25Vとする。
図12に、半導体装置200Bの変形例である半導体装置200Baの構成例を示す。本実施の形態では、説明の繰り返しを減らすため、半導体装置200Bと異なる点について主に説明する。半導体装置200Baは、半導体装置100Dに換えて半導体装置100Daを有する点が半導体装置200Bと異なる。
半導体装置100Daは、半導体装置100Dと同様に過電流検知回路として機能する。図13および図14を用いて、半導体装置100Daの動作例について説明する。図13および図14は、半導体装置100Daの動作状態を示す図である。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の半導体装置の他の構成例などについて、図面を用いて説明する。
図15に半導体装置200Cの構成例を示す。半導体装置200Cは、半導体装置200Aおよび半導体装置200Bの変形例である。よって、説明の繰り返しを減らすため、本実施の形態では半導体装置200Aまたは半導体装置200Bと異なる点について主に説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の半導体装置の他の構成例などについて、図面を用いて説明する。
図17に半導体装置200Adの構成例を示す。半導体装置200Adは、半導体装置200Aの変形例である。よって、説明の繰り返しを減らすため、半導体装置200Adの半導体装置200Aと異なる点について主に説明する。
保護装置250は、ESD(Electro Static Discharge)などの高電圧ノイズによる、制御回路210および半導体装置100Cの損傷および誤動作などを防ぎ、半導体装置200Adの信頼性を高める機能を有する。
図22に半導体装置200AdAの構成例を示す。半導体装置200AdAは、半導体装置200Adの変形例である。よって、説明の繰り返しを減らすため、半導体装置200AdAの半導体装置200Adと異なる点について主に説明する。半導体装置200AdAは、半導体装置200Adの保護装置250に換えて保護装置250Aを有する。
図24に半導体装置200AdBの構成例を示す。半導体装置200AdBは、半導体装置200Adの変形例である。よって、説明の繰り返しを減らすため、半導体装置200AdBの半導体装置200Adと異なる点について主に説明する。半導体装置200AdBは、半導体装置200Adの保護装置250に換えて保護装置250Bを有する。
図25に保護装置250Bの等価回路図の一例を示す。保護装置250Bは、図18Aに示す保護装置250に抵抗262を付加した構成を有する。抵抗262の一方の端子は抵抗252の他方の端子と電気的に接続され、抵抗262の他方の端子は端子SIG_outと電気的に接続される。
図26に半導体装置200Bdの構成例を示す。半導体装置200Bdは、半導体装置200Adの変形例である。また、半導体装置200Bdは、半導体装置200Bの変形例でもある。よって、説明の繰り返しを減らすため、半導体装置200Bdの半導体装置200Adと異なる点について主に説明する。同様に、半導体装置200Bdの半導体装置200Bと異なる点について主に説明する。
図27に半導体装置200Cdの構成例を示す。半導体装置200Cdは、半導体装置200Adの変形例である。また、半導体装置200Cdは、半導体装置200Cの変形例でもある。よって、説明の繰り返しを減らすため、半導体装置200Cdの半導体装置200Adと異なる点について主に説明する。同様に、半導体装置200Cdの半導体装置200Cと異なる点について主に説明する。
図28に保護装置250Cの等価回路図の一例を示す。保護装置250Cは、ダイオード251a_1、ダイオード251b_1、ダイオード251a_2、ダイオード251b_2、抵抗252_1、抵抗252_2、容量253_1、および容量253_2を有する。
本実施の形態では、上記実施の形態で説明した半導体装置に適用可能なトランジスタの構成ついて説明する。具体的には、異なる電気特性を有するトランジスタを積層して設ける構成について説明する。当該構成とすることで、半導体装置の設計自由度を高めることができる。また、異なる電気特性を有するトランジスタを積層して設けることで、半導体装置の集積度を高めることができる。
図32A、図32Bに示すトランジスタ500Aは、図31A、図31Bに示す構成のトランジスタ500の変形例である。図32Aはトランジスタ500Aのチャネル長方向の断面図であり、図32Bはトランジスタ500Aのチャネル幅方向の断面図である。なお、図32A、図32Bに示す構成は、トランジスタ400等、本発明の一態様の半導体装置が有する他のトランジスタにも適用することができる。
図33A、図33Bおよび図33Cを用いて、トランジスタ500Bの構造例を説明する。図33Aはトランジスタ500Bの上面図である。図33Bは、図33Aに一点鎖線で示すL1-L2部位の断面図である。図33Cは、図33Aに一点鎖線で示すW1-W2部位の断面図である。なお、図33Aの上面図では、図の明瞭化のために一部の要素の記載を省略している。
本実施の形態では、二次電池300に用いることができる電池の構造例について図面を用いて説明する。本実施の形態では、リチウムイオン二次電池の例を示すが、二次電池300に用いることができる電池はリチウムイオン二次電池に限定されない。
図34Aは円筒形状の二次電池715の外観図である。図34Bは、円筒形状の二次電池715の断面を模式的に示した図である。中空円柱状の電池缶702の内側には、帯状の正極704と負極706とがセパレータ705を間に挟んで捲回された電池素子が設けられている。図示しないが、電池素子はセンターピンを中心に捲回されている。電池缶702は、一端が閉じられ、他端が開いている。電池缶702には、電解液に対して耐腐食性のあるニッケル、アルミニウム、チタン等の金属、またはこれらの合金やこれらと他の金属との合金(例えば、ステンレス鋼等)を用いることができる。また、電解液による腐食を防ぐため、ニッケルやアルミニウム等を被覆することが好ましい。電池缶702の内側において、正極、負極およびセパレータが捲回された電池素子は、対向する一対の絶縁板708、絶縁板709により挟まれている。また、電池素子が設けられた電池缶702の内部は、非水電解液(図示せず)が注入されている。二次電池は、コバルト酸リチウム(LiCoO2)やリン酸鉄リチウム(LiFePO4)などの活物質を含む正極と、リチウムイオンの吸蔵・放出が可能な黒鉛等の炭素材料からなる負極と、エチレンカーボネートやジエチルカーボネートなどの有機溶媒に、LiBF4やLiPF6等のリチウム塩からなる電解質を溶解させた非水電解液などにより構成される。
図35Aは、扁平形状の二次電池913を含む電池パック901の外観を示す図である。図35Aに示す二次電池913は、充電制御回路914および接続端子911と併せて、電池パック901として機能する。図35Bは、二次電池913と充電制御回路914を分離した状態を示している。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様に係る半導体装置を適用できる電子機器について説明する。
Claims (2)
- 第1トランジスタ、第2トランジスタ、第1容量、第2容量、抵抗、及びコンパレータと、
前記第1トランジスタのゲート電極及び前記第2トランジスタのゲート電極と電気的に接続された制御回路と、
前記制御回路と電気的に接続された二次電池と、を有し、
前記第1トランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方は、前記コンパレータの非反転入力端子と電気的に接続され、
前記第1容量は、前記第1トランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方に電気的に接続され、
前記第2トランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方は、前記コンパレータの反転入力端子と電気的に接続され、
前記第2容量は、前記第2トランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方と前記抵抗の間に電気的に接続され、
前記第1トランジスタ及び前記第2トランジスタは、半導体層に酸化物半導体を含む電池パック。 - 第1トランジスタ、第2トランジスタ、第3トランジスタ、第4トランジスタ、第1容量、第2容量、抵抗、及びコンパレータと、
前記第1トランジスタのゲート電極、前記第2トランジスタのゲート電極、前記第3トランジスタのゲート電極、及び前記第4トランジスタのゲート電極と電気的に接続された制御回路と、
前記制御回路と電気的に接続された二次電池と、を有し、
前記第1トランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方は、前記コンパレータの非反転入力端子と電気的に接続され、
前記第2トランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方は、前記コンパレータの反転入力端子と電気的に接続され、
前記第3トランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方は、前記第4トランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方と電気的に接続され、
前記抵抗は、前記第3トランジスタのソース及びドレインの他方と前記第4トランジスタのソース及びドレインの他方の間に電気的に接続され、
前記第1容量は、前記第1トランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方に電気的に接続され、
前記第2容量は、前記第2トランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方と前記第3トランジスタのソース及びドレインの一方の間に電気的に接続され、
前記第1トランジスタ及び前記第2トランジスタは、半導体層に酸化物半導体を含む電池パック。
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