JP7319254B2 - 液体及び固体トリコデルマ生成物の大規模生成 - Google Patents
液体及び固体トリコデルマ生成物の大規模生成 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7319254B2 JP7319254B2 JP2020517959A JP2020517959A JP7319254B2 JP 7319254 B2 JP7319254 B2 JP 7319254B2 JP 2020517959 A JP2020517959 A JP 2020517959A JP 2020517959 A JP2020517959 A JP 2020517959A JP 7319254 B2 JP7319254 B2 JP 7319254B2
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- trichoderma
- inoculum
- alginate
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/04—Preserving or maintaining viable microorganisms
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/38—Trichoderma
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/145—Fungal isolates
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- C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
- C12N11/02—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier
- C12N11/04—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier entrapped within the carrier, e.g. gel or hollow fibres
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/645—Fungi ; Processes using fungi
- C12R2001/885—Trichoderma
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- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
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Description
本出願は、2017年9月28日出願の米国仮出願第62/564,683号の優先権を主張するものであり、内容を参照することにより組み込まれる。
(a)トリコデルマ種培養液からアルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を調製し、
(b)リアクターにおいて、栄養液培養培地に含まれるアルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を培養して、ビード中で所望の微生物密度とし、
(c)培養液培地からアルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を収穫し、
(d)培養したアルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を用いて液内発酵リアクターに接種して液体形態のトリコデルマベースの生成物を調製し、及び/又は培養したアルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を用いて固体状態発酵リアクターに接種して固体状態のトリコデルマベースの生成物を調製する、方法を提供する。
選択した定義
本発明は、トリコデルマ微生物を培養し、微生物代謝物及び/又はその他微生物成長副生成物の生成方法を提供する。ある実施形態において、乾燥形態と液体形態の両方のトリコデルマベースの生成物を生成する方法が提供される。微生物を生成する方法は、液内培養、固体状態培養、その混成及び/又は組み合わせを含む。本明細書で用いる「発酵」とは、コントロールされた条件下での細胞の培養又は成長を指す。成長は、好気性又は嫌気性とすることができる。
(a)トリコデルマ種培養液からアルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を調製し、
(b)リアクターにおいて、栄養液培養培地に含まれるアルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を培養して、ビード中で所望の微生物密度とし、
(c)培養液培地からアルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を収穫し、
(d)培養したアルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を用いて液内発酵リアクターに接種して液体形態のトリコデルマベースの生成物を調製し、及び/又は培養したアルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を用いて固体状態発酵リアクターに接種して固体状態のトリコデルマベースの生成物を調製する。
本発明の特定の実施形態において、微生物成長設備では、所望の規模で、対象の新鮮な高密度微生物及び/又は微生物成長副生成物を生成する。微生物成長設備は、適用場所又はその近くに配置される。設備は、バッチ、半連続又は連続培養で、高密度微生物ベースの組成物を生成する。
本発明及びその利点の理解を広げるために、例示としての以下の実施例を示す。以下の実施例は、本発明の方法、応用、実施形態及び変形のいくつかを示すものであり、本発明を限定しようとするものではない。数多くの変更及び修正を、本発明に関して行うことができる。
表1の液体培地を、1%寒天と2%アルギン酸ナトリウムの混合物と混合することにより、トリコデルマ含有アルギン酸ビーズを調製する。この混合物を、実施例1の5%均質種培養液スラリーと混合する。よく混合した後、全混合物を、混合を続けながら、オートクレーブに入れた100mMの塩化カルシウム溶液に徐々に滴下する。菌粒子の入ったアルギン酸ビーズが即時に形成される。アルギン酸ビーズを溶液から集め、残りの液体は廃棄する。
分生子を、リアクターで成長したTrichoderma harzianumの生物学的に純粋な培養液から収穫する。栄養培地組成物は、グルコース(30g/L)、酵母エキス(2.8g/L)、KH2PO4(1.0g/L)、MgSO4.7H2O(0.5g/L)、KCl(0.5g/L)、FeSO4.7H2O(0.01g/L)、ZnSO4.7H2O(0.01g/L)、CuSO4.5H2O(0.005g/L)を含む。培養の初期pHは5.5、温度は25~28℃である。培養液の量は約100ガロンである。5日間の培養後、収量は、培養液1ミリリットル当たり約5×108~5×109の分生子を超える。
バーミキュライトと珪藻土を加熱オーブンで150℃で一晩加熱殺菌する。3~4部のバーミキュライトを、1部の珪藻土と、1部のトリコデルマ接種ビーズか150mlの種培養液スラリーと混合する。成分を、1リットルの栄養培地と混合する。この混合物を、トレイに薄く広げ、周囲空気で通気しながら、プルーフィングオーブンで30℃で4~6日間インキュベートする。分生子をまず、4日目に観察する。
トリコデルマ属等の菌胞子を成長させるために、250gの顆粒トウモロコシの粉を、脱イオン水と混合し、ステンレス鋼スチーム鍋で殺菌して、蓋と鍋バンドで密封する。トウモロコシの粉培地のこれらの鍋を、菌種培養液で無菌接種する。鍋をプルーフィングオーブンで、30℃で10日間インキュベートする。10日後、約1×109散布体/gが収穫された。
トリコデルマ属を成長させるために、1000Lの水と混合した250グラムの乾燥トウモロコシの粉パスタを、ステンレス鋼スチーム鍋に広げる。スチーム鍋、パスタ及び水をオートクレーブに入れ、殺菌した蓋と鍋バンドで密封する。パスタ水基質を、トリコデルマ種培養液で無菌接種する。鍋を、プルーフィングオーブンで30℃で8日間インキュベートする。8日後、約1×109散布体/gが収穫される。
Claims (19)
- 液体形態のトリコデルマベースの生成物と固体状態のトリコデルマベースの生成物を生成する方法であって、
(a)トリコデルマ種培養液からアルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を調製し、
(b)リアクターにおいて、栄養液培養培地で前記アルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を培養して、前記アルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤中で所望のスケールアップした微生物密度とし、前記所望のスケールアップした微生物密度は、前記アルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤1グラム当たり1×109の分生子であり、
(c)前記栄養液培養培地から前記アルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を収穫し、
(d)前記培養したアルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を用いて液内発酵リアクターに接種して前記液体形態のトリコデルマベースの生成物を調製し、前記培養したアルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を用いて固体状態発酵リアクターに接種して前記固体状態のトリコデルマベースの生成物を調製する、
ステップを含む方法。 - 前記トリコデルマ微生物は、Trichoderma reesei、Trichoderma harzianum、Trichoderma viride及びTrichoderma hamatumからなるグループから選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(a)は、前記種培養液の5%均質種培養液スラリーを、殺菌液体栄養培地、1%寒天、及び2%アルギン酸ナトリウムと混合して接種溶液を生成し、滴下シャワー装置を用いて、前記接種溶液の液滴を、1%塩化カルシウムを含む混合容器に堆積することを含み、前記液滴は、栄養成分と、アルギン酸寒天塊に埋め込まれた微生物粒子とを含むアルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を形成する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(b)は、前記アルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を集め、高濃度のトリコデルマ菌糸体を、前記アルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤の表面内部と全体に分散させるための、十分な容積の前記栄養液培養培地を含むリアクター中で培養することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(b)は、連続通気撹拌下、約28℃~約30℃の温度、及び約5.0~約6.5のpHで、約1~約10日間実施される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(c)の後、前記ステップ(d)の前、保管のために前記アルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を処理することを含み、処理は、前記リアクターから前記アルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を集め、前記アルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を、グリセロールと水を約50%の割合で含む凍結保存溶液に入れることを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記凍結保存溶液は、フラスコ、管、バイアル及び皿からなるグループから選択される容器にある、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記容器は、50個までのアルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記容器は、-80℃~-10℃の温度で冷凍庫に入れられる、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記容器は、-10℃~4℃の温度で冷蔵庫に入れられる、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(d)において、前記液体形態のトリコデルマベースの生成物を調製することは、少なくとも200ガロンの作動容積の前記リアクターにおいて、約1~約10日間、連続通気及び撹拌下、約28℃~約30℃の温度及び約5.0~約6.5のpHで前記アルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を培養することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(d)において、前記液体形態のトリコデルマベースの生成物を調製することは、前記トリコデルマの濃度を前記液体形態のトリコデルマベースの生成物1ミリリットル当たり少なくとも1×109 の散布体まで前記液内発酵リアクターで増大し、任意で、保存料、添加剤及び/又はpH調節剤を添加することを含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(d)において、前記固体状態のトリコデルマベースの生成物を調製することは、前記収穫したアルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤を、栄養液培地及び固体又は半固体基質と混合して、混合物を形成し、前記混合物を加熱プルーフトレイに薄く広げ、前記トレイの前記混合物を、インキュベータにおいて、30℃で3~10日間、周囲空気の一定通気により培養することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記インキュベータは、プルーフィングオーブンである、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記基質は、バーミキュライトであり、前記混合物中のバーミキュライト対アルギン酸寒天ビード接種剤の比率は、3:1から4:1の範囲にある、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記基質は、トウモロコシの粉、米、豆及びパスタからなるグループから選択される食品である、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記インキュベータの温度を約40℃まで上げ、乾燥空気を補充し、湿った空気を排気して、約3~約4日、前記トレイを乾燥をして乾燥生成物を生成し、前記乾燥した生成物をグラインダーで所望の粒子サイズまで粉砕し、前記粉砕した乾燥生成物を、乾燥珪藻土及び市販のコンポストと混合することをさらに含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記珪藻土及び市販のコンポストと混合した乾燥生成物を、商業用の密封袋に詰めることをさらに含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記珪藻土及び市販のコンポストと混合した後の乾燥生成物中のトリコデルマの濃度は、1グラム当たり1×106以上の分生子である、請求項18に記載の方法。
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