JP7300762B2 - ラクトバチルス属細菌由来のナノ小胞及びその用途 - Google Patents
ラクトバチルス属細菌由来のナノ小胞及びその用途 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7300762B2 JP7300762B2 JP2021211759A JP2021211759A JP7300762B2 JP 7300762 B2 JP7300762 B2 JP 7300762B2 JP 2021211759 A JP2021211759 A JP 2021211759A JP 2021211759 A JP2021211759 A JP 2021211759A JP 7300762 B2 JP7300762 B2 JP 7300762B2
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Description
(a)正常ヒト及び被検者のサンプルから分離した細胞外小胞からDNAを抽出するステップ;
(b)前記抽出したDNAに対して16S rDNAに存在する遺伝子配列に基づいて作製したプライマーペアを用いてPCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction)を行った後、それぞれのPCR産物を収得するステップ;及び
(c)前記PCR産物の定量分析を通して正常ヒトに比べてラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)属細菌由来の細胞外小胞の含量が低い場合、胃癌、腎不全、認知症、又は脳卒中に分類するステップ。
(a)正常ヒト及び被検者のサンプルから分離した細胞外小胞からDNAを抽出するステップ;
(b)前記抽出したDNAに対して16S rDNAに存在する遺伝子配列に基づいて作製したプライマーペアを用いてPCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction)を行った後、それぞれのPCR産物を収得するステップ;及び
(c)前記PCR産物の定量分析を通して正常ヒトに比べてラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)属細菌由来の細胞外小胞の含量が低い場合、胃癌、腎不全、認知症、又は脳卒中と判定するステップ。
本発明のさらに他の具現例において、前記炎症疾患は、胃癌、腎不全、認知症、及び脳卒中からなる群より選ばれる1種以上の疾患でありうる。
(a)正常ヒト及び被検者のサンプルから分離した細胞外小胞からDNAを抽出するステップ;
(b)前記抽出したDNAに対して16S rDNAに存在する遺伝子配列に基づいて作製したプライマーペアを用いてPCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction)を行った後、それぞれのPCR産物を収得するステップ;及び
(c)前記PCR産物の定量分析を通して正常ヒトに比べてラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)属細菌由来の細胞外小胞の含量が低い場合、胃癌、腎不全、認知症、又は脳卒中に分類するステップ。
腸内細菌と細菌由来の小胞が胃腸管を通じて全身的に吸収されるかを評価するために、次のような方法で実験を行った。マウスの胃腸に蛍光で標識した腸内細菌と腸内細菌由来の小胞をそれぞれ50μgの用量で胃腸管で投与し、0分、5分、3時間、6時間、12時間後に蛍光を測定した。マウス全体イメージを観察した結果、図1aに示されたように、細菌である場合には、全身的に吸収されなかったが、細菌由来の小胞である場合には、投与5分後に全身的に吸収され、投与3時間後には、膀胱に蛍光が濃く観察されて、小胞が泌尿器系に排泄されることが分かった。また、小胞は、投与12時間まで体内に存在することが分かった。
血液をまず10mlのチューブに入れ、遠心分離法(3,500×g、10min、4℃)で浮遊物を沈め、上澄み液のみを新しい10mlのチューブに移した。0.22μmのフィルタを用いて細菌及び異物を除去した後、セントリプレップチューブ(centrifugal filters 50kD)に移し、1,500×g、4℃で15分間遠心分離して、50kDより小さい物質は捨てて、10mlまで濃縮させた。さらに0.22μmのフィルタを用いて細菌及び異物を除去した後、Type 90tiローターで150,000×g、4℃で3時間超高速遠心分離方法を用いて上澄み液を捨て、固まったペレットを生理食塩水(PBS)で溶かした。
実施例2の方法で胃癌患者66人の血液と、年齢と性別をマッチングした正常ヒト198人の血液を対象として、血液内に存在する小胞から遺伝子を抽出してメタゲノム分析を行った後、ラクトバチルス属細菌由来の小胞の分布を評価した。その結果、正常ヒトの血液に比べて胃癌患者の血液でラクトバチルス属細菌由来の小胞が有意に減少していることを確認した(表2及び図2参照)。
実施例2の方法で腎不全患者21人の血液と、年齢と性別をマッチングした正常ヒト19人の血液を対象として、血液内に存在する小胞から遺伝子を抽出してメタゲノム分析を行った後、ラクトバチルス属細菌由来の小胞の分布を評価した。その結果、正常ヒトの血液に比べて腎不全患者の血液でラクトバチルス属細菌由来の小胞が有意に減少していることを確認した(表3及び図3参照)。
実施例2の方法で認知症患者45人の血液と、年齢と性別をマッチングした正常ヒト49人の血液を対象として、血液内に存在する小胞から遺伝子を抽出してメタゲノム分析を行った後、ラクトバチルス属細菌由来の小胞の分布を評価した。その結果、正常ヒトの血液に比べて認知症患者の血液でラクトバチルス属細菌由来の小胞が有意に減少していることを確認した(表4及び図4参照)。
実施例2の方法で脳卒中患者115人の血液と、年齢と性別をマッチングした正常ヒト109人の血液を対象として、血液内に存在する小胞から遺伝子を抽出してメタゲノム分析を行った後、ラクトバチルス属細菌由来の小胞の分布を評価した。その結果、正常ヒトの血液に比べて脳卒中患者の血液でラクトバチルス属細菌由来の小胞が有意に減少していることを確認した(表5及び図5参照)。
ラクトバチルス・ブレビス(Lactobacillus brevis)、ラクトバチルス・カゼイ(L.casei)、ラクトバチルス・ラムノサス(Lactobacilus rhamnosus)、及びラクトバチルス・サケイ(Lactobacillus sakei)菌株を環境サンプルで分離した後、これを培養した後、その小胞を分離し、特性を分析した。それぞれのラクトバチルス菌株を37℃好気性条件で吸光度(OD600)が1.0~1.5になるまでMRS(de Man-Rogosa and Sharpe)培地で培養した後、LB(Luria-Bertani)培地に継代培養した。以後、菌株が含まれている培地を回収して、10,000g、4℃で20分間遠心分離して菌株を除去し、0.22μmのフィルタに濾過した。濾過した上澄み液を100kDa Pellicon 2 Cassetteフィルタメンブイン(Merck Millipore,US)でMasterFlex pump system(Cole-Parmer,US)を用いて精密ろ過(microfiltration)を通じて50ml体積に濃縮した。濃縮させた上澄み液をさらに0.22μmのフィルタで濾過した。以後、BCAアッセイを用いてタンパク質を定量し、得られた小胞に対して下記実験を実施した。
ラクトバチルス・ブレビス由来の小胞の免疫調節及び抗炎症効果を評価するために、多様な濃度(0.1、1、10μg/ml)のラクトバチルス・ブレビス由来の小胞をマクロファージ株に12時間前処理した後、病原性小胞である大腸菌由来の小胞1μg/mlを処理し、12時間後、炎症性サイトカインの分泌をELISAで測定した。ELISAを行うために、捕捉抗体をリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)に希釈させて、96ウェルポリスチレンプレートに作用濃度に合うように50μlずつ分注した後、4℃で一晩反応させた。
以後、PBST(0.05% tween-20が入っているPBS)溶液100μlで3回ずつ洗浄した後、RD(1% BSAが入っているPBS)溶液100μlを分注して、常温で1時間ブロッキングし、サンプル及びスタンダードを濃度に合うように50μlずつ分注して、常温で2時間反応させた。PBST 100μlで3回洗浄した後、検出抗体をRDに希釈させて、作用濃度に合うように50μlずつ分注して、常温で2時間反応させ、PBST 100μlで3回洗浄した後、Strpetavidin-HRP(R&D system,USA)をRDに1/40で希釈させて、50μlずつ分注して、常温で20分間反応させた。最後に、PBST 100μlで3回洗浄した後、TMB基質(SurModics,USA)50μlを分注し、5分から20分後、発色を進行させてから、1M硫酸溶液を50μlずつ分注して反応を中止し、SpectraMax M3マイクロプレートリーダー(Molecular Devices,USA)を用いて450nmで吸光度を測定した。
ラクトバチルス・カゼイ由来の小胞の免疫調節及び抗炎症効果を評価するために、多様な濃度(0.1、1、10μg/ml)のラクトバチルス・カゼイ由来の小胞をマクロファージ株に12時間前処理した後、病原性小胞である大腸菌由来の小胞1μg/mlを処理し、12時間後、炎症性サイトカインの分泌をELISAで測定した。その結果、ラクトバチルス・カゼイ由来の小胞を前処理した場合、大腸菌由来の小胞によるIL-6及びTNF-αの分泌が顕著に抑制されることを確認した(図7参照)。特にラクトバチルス・カゼイ由来の小胞を前処理した場合、TNF-αの分泌を抑制する効果が有用微生物対照群であるラクトバチルス・プランタルム(Lactobacillus plantarum)に比べて顕著に効果的であることを確認した(図7b参照)。
ラクトバチルス・ラムノサス由来の小胞の免疫調節及び抗炎症効果を評価するために、多様な濃度(0.1、1、10μg/ml)のラクトバチルス・ラムノサス由来の小胞をマクロファージ株に12時間前処理した後、病原性小胞である大腸菌由来の小胞1μg/mlを処理し、12時間後、炎症性サイトカインの分泌をELISAで測定した。その結果、図8に示されたように、ラクトバチルス・ラムノサス由来の小胞を前処理した場合、大腸菌由来の小胞によるIL-6及びTNF-αの分泌が顕著に抑制されることを確認した。特にラクトバチルス・ラムノサス由来の小胞を前処理した場合、TNF-αの分泌を抑制する効果が、有用微生物対照群であるラクトバチルス・プランタルム(Lactobacillus plantarum)に比べて顕著に効果的であることを確認した。
ラクトバチルス・サケイ由来の小胞の免疫調節及び抗炎症効果を評価するために、多様な濃度(0.1、1、10μg/ml)のラクトバチルス・サケイ由来の小胞をマクロファージ株に12時間前処理した後、病原性小胞である大腸菌由来の小胞1μg/mlを処理し、12時間後、炎症性サイトカインの分泌をELISAで測定した。その結果、図9に示されたように、ラクトバチルス・サケイ由来の小胞を前処理した場合、大腸菌由来の小胞によるIL-6及びTNF-αの分泌が顕著に抑制されることを確認した。特にラクトバチルス・サケイ由来の小胞を前処理した場合、TNF-αの分泌を抑制する効果が、有用微生物対照群であるラクトバチルス・プランタルム(Lactobacillus plantarum)に比べて顕著に効果的であることを確認した。
Claims (5)
- ラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)属細菌由来の小胞を有効成分として含む、腫瘍壊死因子-アルファ(TNF-α)によって媒介される炎症疾患の予防又は治療用薬学的組成物であって、
前記ラクトバチルス属細菌が、ラクトバチルス・ブレビス(Lactobacillus brevis)、ラクトバチルス・カゼイ(Lactobacillus casei)またはラクトバチルス・サケイ(Lactobacillus sakei)である、薬学的組成物。 - 前記小胞は、平均直径が10~200nmであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の薬学的組成物。
- ラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)属細菌由来の小胞を有効成分として含む、腫瘍壊死因子-アルファ(TNF-α)によって媒介される炎症疾患の予防又は改善用食品組成物であって、
前記ラクトバチルス属細菌が、ラクトバチルス・ブレビス(Lactobacillus brevis)、ラクトバチルス・カゼイ(Lactobacillus casei)またはラクトバチルス・サケイ(Lactobacillus sakei)である、食品組成物。 - ラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)属細菌由来の小胞を有効成分として含む、腫瘍壊死因子-アルファ(TNF-α)によって媒介される皮膚炎症疾患の予防又は改善用化粧料組成物であって、
前記ラクトバチルス属細菌が、ラクトバチルス・ブレビス(Lactobacillus brevis)、ラクトバチルス・カゼイ(Lactobacillus casei)またはラクトバチルス・サケイ(Lactobacillus sakei)である、化粧料組成物。 - ラクトバチルス(Lactobacillus)属細菌由来の小胞の、腫瘍壊死因子-アルファ(TNF-α)によって媒介される炎症疾患の予防又は治療用薬剤の製造のための使用であって、
前記ラクトバチルス属細菌が、ラクトバチルス・ブレビス(Lactobacillus brevis)、ラクトバチルス・カゼイ(Lactobacillus casei)またはラクトバチルス・サケイ(Lactobacillus sakei)である、使用。
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EP3763830A4 (en) | 2021-12-08 |
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