JP7297672B2 - 抗cd137抗体およびその使用方法 - Google Patents
抗cd137抗体およびその使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる、2017年4月13日出願の米国仮特許出願第62/485,365号の利益を主張する。
(a)CDRH1が、X1X2X3X4H(配列番号82)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1が、G、A、D、E、L、N、Q、R、S、またはWであり、
X2が、Y、F、H、N、R、またはSであり、
X3が、YまたはHであり、
X4が、M、I、T、またはVであり、
(b)CDRH2が、WINPNSGGTNYAQKFQG(配列番号2)のアミノ酸配列を含み、
(c)CDRH3が、X1PX2YX3GX4GLX5X6(配列番号83)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1が、EまたはGであり、
X2が、G、A、R、またはSであり、
X3が、Y、F、H、またはSであり、
X4が、S、A、またはTであり、
X5が、DまたはGであり、
X6が、YまたはHであり、
(d)CDRL1が、GGDDIGDKRVH(配列番号4)のアミノ酸配列を含み、
(e)CDRL2が、EDRYRPS(配列番号5)のアミノ酸配列を含み、かつ/あるいは
(f)CDRL3が、QX1WX2X3X4X5X6X7PGV(配列番号84)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1が、VまたはIであり、
X2が、D、A、E、G、H、N、またはYであり、
X3が、S、A、E、F、L、P、R、T、W、またはYであり、
X4が、S、A、L、M、またはRであり、
X5が、S、A、F、G、L、P、Q、R、またはTであり、
X6が、D、E、H、V、またはYであり、
X7が、HまたはYである、抗体または単離された抗体を提供する。
(a)CDRH1が、X1X2YX3H(配列番号85)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1が、G、A、D、L、R、S、またはWであり、
X2が、Y、F、H、またはNであり、
X3が、MまたはVであり、
(b)CDRH3が、EPGYX1GX2GLDX3(配列番号86)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1は、YまたはFであり、
X2は、SまたはTであり、
X3が、YまたはHであり、かつ/あるいは
(c)CDRL3が、QVWX1X2X3X4X5X6PGV(配列番号87)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1が、D、A、E、H、N、またはYであり、
X2が、S、A、E、L、R、またはTであり、
X3が、S、A、L、またはRであり、
X4が、S、A、F、G、L、P、Q、またはRであり、
X5が、D、E、またはVであり、
X6が、HまたはYである。
(a)CDRH1が、GYYMH(配列番号1)のアミノ酸配列を含み、
(b)CDRH3が、EPGYYGSGLDY(配列番号3)またはEPGYYGTGLDY(配列番号59)のアミノ酸配列を含み、かつ/あるいは
(c)CDRL3が、QVWDSSSDHPGV(配列番号6)、QVWNSSSDHPGV(配列番号60)、QVWDSSSDYPGV(配列番号61)、またはQVWYSSPDHPGV(配列番号62)のアミノ酸配列を含む。
本明細書で使用される場合、「約」および「およそ」という用語は、数値または数値範囲を修飾するために使用されるとき、5%~10%上回り(例えば、最大5%~10%上回る)、かつ5%~10%下回る(例えば、最大5%~10%下回る)その値または範囲の偏差が、列挙される値または範囲の意図される意味に留まることを示す。
一態様では、本開示は、CD137(例えば、ヒトCD137またはカニクイザルCD137)に特異的に結合し、CD137機能を増加または促進する抗体を提供する。例示的な抗体のアミノ酸配列は、本明細書の表1に記載されている。
(a)CDRH1が、X1X2X3X4H(配列番号82)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1が、G、A、D、E、L、N、Q、R、S、またはWであり、
X2が、Y、F、H、N、R、またはSであり、
X3が、YまたはHであり、
X4が、M、I、T、またはVであり、
(b)CDRH2が、WINPNSGGTNYAQKFQG(配列番号2)のアミノ酸配列を含み、
(c)CDRH3が、X1PX2YX3GX4GLX5X6(配列番号83)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1が、EまたはGであり、
X2が、G、A、R、またはSであり、
X3が、Y、F、H、またはSであり、
X4が、S、A、またはTであり、
X5が、DまたはGであり、
X6が、YまたはHであり、
(d)CDRL1が、GGDDIGDKRVH(配列番号4)のアミノ酸配列を含み、
(e)CDRL2が、EDRYRPS(配列番号5)のアミノ酸配列を含み、かつ/あるいは
(f)CDRL3が、QX1WX2X3X4X5X6X7PGV(配列番号84)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1が、VまたはIであり、
X2が、D、A、E、G、H、N、またはYであり、
X3が、S、A、E、F、L、P、R、T、W、またはYであり、
X4が、S、A、L、M、またはRであり、
X5が、S、A、F、G、L、P、Q、R、またはTであり、
X6が、D、E、H、V、またはYであり、
X7が、HまたはYである、単離された抗体を提供する。
(a)CDRH1が、X1X2X3X4H(配列番号82)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1が、G、A、D、E、L、N、Q、R、S、またはWであり、
X2が、Y、F、H、N、R、またはSであり、
X3が、YまたはHであり、
X4が、M、I、T、またはVであり、
(b)CDRH2が、WINPNSGGTNYAQKFQG(配列番号2)のアミノ酸配列を含み、
(c)CDRH3が、X1PX2YX3GX4GLX5X6(配列番号83)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1が、EまたはGであり、
X2が、G、A、R、またはSであり、
X3が、Y、F、H、またはSであり、
X4が、S、A、またはTであり、
X5が、DまたはGであり、
X6が、YまたはHであり、
(d)CDRL1が、GGDDIGDKRVH(配列番号4)のアミノ酸配列を含み、
(e)CDRL2が、EDRYRPS(配列番号5)のアミノ酸配列を含み、
(f)CDRL3が、QX1WX2X3X4X5X6X7PGV(配列番号84)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1が、VまたはIであり、
X2が、D、A、E、G、H、N、またはYであり、
X3が、S、A、E、F、L、P、R、T、W、またはYであり、
X4が、S、A、L、M、またはRであり、
X5が、S、A、F、G、L、P、Q、R、またはTであり、
X6が、D、E、H、V、またはYであり、
X7が、HまたはYである。
(a)CDRH1が、X1X2YX3H(配列番号85)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1が、G、A、D、L、R、S、またはWであり、
X2が、Y、F、H、またはNであり、
X3が、MまたはVであり、
(b)CDRH3が、EPGYX1GX2GLDX3(配列番号86)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1は、YまたはFであり、
X2は、SまたはTであり、
X3が、YまたはHであり、かつ/あるいは
(c)CDRL3が、QVWX1X2X3X4X5X6PGV(配列番号87)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1が、D、A、E、H、N、またはYであり、
X2が、S、A、E、L、R、またはTであり、
X3が、S、A、L、またはRであり、
X4が、S、A、F、G、L、P、Q、またはRであり、
X5が、D、E、またはVであり、
X6が、HまたはYである。
(a)CDRH1が、X1X2YX3H(配列番号85)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1が、G、A、D、L、R、S、またはWであり、
X2が、Y、F、H、またはNであり、
X3が、MまたはVであり、
(b)CDRH3が、EPGYX1GX2GLDX3(配列番号86)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1は、YまたはFであり、
X2は、SまたはTであり、
X3が、YまたはHであり、
(c)CDRL3が、QVWX1X2X3X4X5X6PGV(配列番号87)のアミノ酸配列を含み、式中、
X1が、D、A、E、H、N、またはYであり、
X2が、S、A、E、L、R、またはTであり、
X3が、S、A、L、またはRであり、
X4が、S、A、F、G、L、P、Q、またはRであり、
X5が、D、E、またはVであり、
X6が、HまたはYである。
(a)CDRH1が、GYYMH(配列番号1)のアミノ酸配列を含み、
(b)CDRH2が、WINPNSGGTNYAQKFQG(配列番号2)のアミノ酸配列を含み、
(c)CDRH3が、EPGYYGSGLDY(配列番号3)のアミノ酸配列を含み、
(d)CDRL1が、GGDDIGDKRVH(配列番号4)のアミノ酸配列を含み、
(e)CDRL2が、EDRYRPS(配列番号5)のアミノ酸配列を含み、かつ/あるいは
(f)CDRL3が、QVWDSSSDHPGV(配列番号6)のアミノ酸配列を含む、抗体を提供する。
生理学的に許容される担体、賦形剤、または安定剤中で所望の純度を有する本明細書に開示の抗CD137(例えば、ヒトCD137またはカニクイザルCD137)抗体を含む組成物が本明細書に提供される(例えば、Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences(1990)Mack Publishing Co.,Easton,PAを参照されたい)。許容される担体、賦形剤、または安定剤は、用いられる投与量および濃度で受容者に対して非毒性であり、これらには、リン酸塩、クエン酸塩、および他の有機酸などの緩衝液;アスコルビン酸およびメチオニンを含む抗酸化剤;保存剤(例えば、オクタデシルジメチルベンジルアンモニウムクロリド;塩化ヘキサメトニウム;塩化ベンザルコニウム、塩化ベンゼトニウム;フェノール、ブチル、もしくはベンジルアルコール;メチルもしくはプロピルパラベンなどのアルキルパラベン;カテコール;レゾルシノール;シクロヘキサノール;3-ペンタノール;およびm-クレゾール);低分子量(約10未満の残基)ポリペプチド;血清アルブミン、ゼラチン、もしくは免疫グロブリンなどのタンパク質;ポリビニルピロリドンなどの親水性ポリマー;グリシン、グルタミン、アスパラギン、ヒスチジン、アルギニン、もしくはリジンなどのアミノ酸;グルコース、マンノース、もしくはデキストリンを含む単糖類、二糖類、および他の炭水化物;EDTAなどのキレート剤;スクロース、マンニトール、トレハロース、もしくはソルビトールなどの糖類;ナトリウムなどの塩形成対イオン;金属錯体(例えば、Zn-タンパク質錯体);ならびに/またはTWEEN(商標)、PLURONICS(商標)、もしくはポリエチレングリコール(PEG)などの非イオン界面活性剤が含まれる。
別の態様では、本開示は、本明細書に開示の抗CD137(例えば、ヒトCD137またはカニクイザルCD137)抗体を使用して対象を治療する方法を提供する。CD137(例えば、ヒトCD137またはカニクイザルCD137)機能の増加から利益を得るであろう対象の任意の疾患または障害は、本明細書に開示の抗CD137(例えば、ヒトCD137またはカニクイザルCD137)抗体を使用して治療することができる。本明細書に開示の抗CD137(例えば、ヒトCD137)抗体は、腫瘍に対する免疫系の寛容性を阻害するのに特に有用であり、したがって、癌を有する対象のための免疫療法として使用することができる。例えば、ある特定の実施形態では、本開示は、対象における抗原に応答したT細胞活性化を増加させる方法であって、対象に有効量の本明細書に開示の抗CD137(例えば、ヒトCD137またはカニクイザルCD137)抗体またはその薬学的組成物を投与することを含む、方法を提供する。ある特定の実施形態では、本開示は、対象における癌を治療する方法であって、対象に有効量の本明細書に開示の抗体または薬学的組成物を投与することを含む、方法を提供する。
別の態様では、CD137(例えば、ヒトCD137またはカニクイザルCD137)抗原に特異的に結合する本明細書に記載の抗体またはその断片(例えば、軽鎖可変領域および/または重鎖可変領域)をコードするヌクレオチド配列を含むポリヌクレオチド、ならびにベクター、例えば、宿主細胞(例えば、E.coliおよび哺乳類細胞)内での組み換え発現のためのそのようなポリヌクレオチドを含むベクターが本明細書に提供される。本明細書に提供される抗体のうちのいずれかの重鎖および/または軽鎖をコードするヌクレオチド配列を含むポリヌクレオチド、ならびにそのようなポリヌクレオチド配列を含むベクター、例えば、宿主細胞、例えば、哺乳類細胞においてそれらを効率的に発現するのための発現ベクターが本明細書に提供される。
本明細書に記載の1つ以上の抗体、またはその薬学的組成物もしくはその共役体を含むキットもまた提供される。特定の実施形態では、本明細書に提供される1つ以上の抗体などの本明細書に記載の薬学的組成物の成分のうちの1つ以上で充填された1つ以上の容器を含む薬学的パックまたはキットが本明細書に提供される。ある特定の実施形態では、キットは、本明細書に記載の薬学的組成物、およびの本明細書に記載のものなどの任意の予防薬または治療薬を含有する。ある特定の実施形態では、これらのキットは、例えば、フィトヘムアグルチニン(PHA)および/もしくはホルボールミリステートアセテート(PMA)、または抗CD3抗体および抗CD28抗体などのTCR複合体刺激抗体などのT細胞マイトジェンを含有し得る。任意選択的に、そのような容器(複数可)とともに、調合薬または生物学的製剤の製造、使用、または販売を規制する行政機関によって規定された様式の注意書きを含むことができ、この注意書きは、ヒトへの投与のための製造、使用、または販売の機関による承認を反映する。
この実施例は、ヒトCD137に結合する抗体の特徴評価について説明する。具体的には、ヒトCD137に特異的に結合し、ヒトCD137の機能を刺激するBA001抗体について、特徴評価した。BA001の可変領域の配列情報を表1に提供する。
図1Aおよび1Bに示されるように、種々の細胞の種類におけるヒト抗CD137IgG1抗体Ba001の、ヒトCD137またはカニクイザルCD137を発現している細胞に結合する能力を試験した。
一実施例では、ヒトCD137またはカニクイザルCD137のいずれかを構成的に発現するようにJurkat細胞を操作して、抗体Ba001の結合を分析するために使用した。要するに、トランスフェクトJurkat細胞を5×104細胞/ウェルで96ウェル丸底プレートに被せ、段階希釈した抗体(すなわち、示されている濃度のBA001またはアイソタイプ対照)と4℃で25分間培養した(図1Aおよび1Bの左側パネル)。細胞を2回洗浄し、抗ヒトlambda-PEの二次抗体(Life Technologies、Cat#MH10614)と培養した。細胞を洗浄し、PBS中で調製した2%のパラホルムアルデヒド(Electron Microscopy Sciences)80μlに懸濁した。BD FACS Cantoを用いてデータを収集し、BD FACSDivaソフトウェアを使用して分析した。
第2の実施例では、内在性ヒトCD137を発現している活性化ヒトCEM/C1 T細胞に結合するBA001の能力を試験した。要するに、CEM/C1細胞を、10ng/mlのホルボール12-ミリスチン酸13-アセテート(PMA)および1μg/mLのイオノマイシンと37℃で18時間培養することによって刺激した。刺激した細胞を1×105細胞/ウェルで96ウェル丸底プレートに被せ、段階希釈した抗体(すなわち、図1Aの中央パネルに示されている濃度のBA001またはアイソタイプ対照)と4℃で25分間培養した。細胞を2回洗浄しおよび抗ヒトlambda-PE二次抗体(Life Technologies、Cat#MH10614)と培養した。細胞を洗浄し、PBS中で調製した2%のパラホルムアルデヒド(Electron Microscopy Sciences)80μlに懸濁した。BD FACS Cantoを用いてデータを収集し、BD FACSDivaソフトウェアを使用して分析した。
第3の実施例では、BA001の、活性化ヒトまたはカニクイザルCD8+T細胞に結合する能力を試験した。要するに、ヒトまたはカニクイザルPBMCを、10ng/mlのPMAおよび1μg/mLのイオノマイシンと37℃で18時間培養することによって刺激した。刺激した細胞を1×105細胞/ウェルで96ウェル丸底プレートに被せ、段階希釈した抗体(すなわち、図1Aおよび1Bの右側パネルに示される濃度のBA001またはアイソタイプ対照)、および抗ヒトCD8-APC(Biolegend、Cat#311049)と4℃で25分間培養した。細胞を2回洗浄し、F(ab’)2ヤギ抗ヒトIgG-PE二次抗体(Jackson ImmunoResearch、Cat#109-116-098)と培養した。細胞を洗浄し、PBS中で調製した2%のパラホルムアルデヒド(Electron Microscopy Sciences)80μlに懸濁した。BD FACS Cantoを用いてデータを収集し、次いでFlowjo V10を使用して(CD8+T細胞にゲート設定して)分析した。
CD137/BA001-F(ab’)2複合体へのCD137Lの結合
表面プラズモン共鳴を使用して、BA001(BA001-F(ab’)2)のF(ab’)2断片に複合体形成されたCD137に結合するCD137Lの能力を評価した。FraglT(商標)キット(Genovis(Cat#A2-FR2-100))を使用して、BA001-F(ab’)2を生成した。BIAcore(登録商標)T200(GE Healthcare)および泳動用緩衝液として1X HBS-P+(GE Healthcare、BR-1006-71)を使用して、25℃で全ての相互作用を分析した。
BA001が、CD137Lと細胞の表面上に発現されるCD137との間の結合を遮断し得るかどうかを決定するために、(すなわち、より生理学的な設定で)、Xiao et al.(参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる、JEM211(5):943-959、2014)に記載の方法論を使用して、細胞共役アッセイを実施した。要するに、一組のJurkat細胞を、ヒトCD137とトランスフェクトし(Jurkat-CD137)、別の組のJurkat細胞をヒトCD137Lとトランスフェクトした(Jurkat-CD137L)。CD137発現Jurkat細胞を赤色色素PKH26(Sigma Cat#PKH26GL-1KT)で染色し、CD137L発現Jurkat細胞を緑色色素PKH67(Sigma Cat#PKH67GL-1KT)で染色した。赤色色素で標識したJurkat-CD137細胞(1×105/ウェル)を、丸底96ウェルプレート中で、50μg/mlのBA001、参照抗CD137抗体#1、参照抗CD137抗体#2、またはアイソタイプ対照と室温で30分間培養した。次いで緑色色素で標識したJurkat-CD137L細胞(1×105/ウェル)を添加し、37℃で45分間培養した。BD FACS CantoおよびBD FACSDivaソフトウェアを使用するフローサイトメトリーによって、細胞の細胞への結合/共役形成を分析した。赤色色素にはPEチャネルを使用し、緑色色素にはFITCチャネルを使用した。したがって、CD137発現細胞とCD137L発現細胞との間の結合により、検出される細胞サイズの増加を呈するダブルポジティブのシグナル(すなわち、赤色+緑色)が得られるであろう。この効果は、抗CD137抗体を遮断するリガンドによって低減または停止されるであろう。
6.2.1 抗CD137抗体は、抗体架橋の存在下でのみNF-κB駆動遺伝子発現を誘導する。
CD137シグナル伝達を活性化するBA001の能力を特徴評価するために、(i)NFκB-ルシフェラーゼレポーター構造体、および(ii)ヒトまたはカニクイザルCD137のいずれかの発現構造体を組み込んだJurkatレポーター細胞を生成した。したがって、レポーター細胞の表面上のCD137の活性化により、NFκBプロモーターの制御下でルシフェラーゼの発現を駆動する下流のシグナル伝達が誘導された。
CD137Lの存在下で、BA001は、ヒトT細胞によるIL-2分泌を促進した。
初代ヒトPBMC上のBA001のアゴニスト活性を、ブドウ球菌エンテロトキシンA(SEA)刺激後に評価した。要するに、冷凍保存したPBMCを、段階希釈した抗体(すなわち、図5に示される濃度のBA001、参照抗CD137抗体#1もしくは#2、またはアイソタイプ対照抗体)の存在下で、200ng/mlのSEAスーパー抗原(Toxin Technologies、Cat#AT101red)と、5日間37℃で刺激した。培養上清中のIL-2濃度は、AlphaLISA(Perkin Elmer、Cat#AL221F)によって分析した。各条件で5つの複製を試験した。
CD137Lの不在下では、BA001は、精製されたヒトT細胞によるIL-2分泌を促進しなかった。
NFκB-ルシフェラーゼレポーター細胞におけるBA001のリガンド依存性
BA001活性は、CD137Lの不在下では、架橋に依存することが段落6.2.1に示された。CD137Lの存在下での架橋剤の効果をさらに評価した。要するに、1μg/mLのCD137L(組み換えヒト4-1BBリガンド/TNFSF9(Hisタグ)、R&D system、2295-4L-025/CF)を、任意選択的に上述の培養系に添加し、NF-κΒ活性を同様に測定した。
さらなる実施例では、段階希釈した可溶性ヒトCD137L(図9A~9Cに示されるように0~1000ng/ml)の存在下で、ヒトCD137を発現しているJurkat NFκB-ルシフェラーゼレポーター細胞(50,000細胞/ウェル)を、2μg/モルの抗CD137抗体(BA001、参照抗CD137抗体#1、または参照抗CD137抗体#2)、またはアイソタイプ対照と37℃で4時間培養した。一組の試料では、CD137Lの前に抗CD137抗体を添加した(図9A)。第2の組の試料では、抗CD137抗体およびCD137Lを同時に添加した(図9B)。第3の組の試料では、抗CD137抗体の前にCD137Lを添加した(図9C)。Nano-Glo(登録商標)ルシフェラーゼアッセイシステム(Promega Cat#N1120)およびEnVisionプレートリーダーを使用して、ルシフェラーゼ発現を検出した。
この実施例は、抗CD137抗体BA001の機能的活性に対するFc/Fc受容体相互作用の影響を分析する。具体的には、IgG2およびIgG4を含む様々なFc骨格、ならびにFc領域がEU番号付けシステムに従って番号付けられたN297AまたはS267E/L328F(SELF)変異を含むIgG1骨格、およびFc領域がN297A変異を含むIgG2骨格を有するBA001のVH領域を発現させた。当該技術分野で既知であるように、IgG1 N297AおよびIgG2 N297A多様体は、FcγRsの係合を停止する、したがってFcγRsを介した抗体のADCC/ADCPの潜在性または架橋を遮断する、Fcサイレント変異を担持している。IgG1 SELF Fc多様体は、FcγRIIIa結合の低減およびFcγRIIb結合の向上を呈し、したがってFcγRIIbを介した抗体のADCC/ADCP潜在性を低減するが架橋を向上させる。ある場合では、本明細書に記載の抗CD137抗体の重鎖配列のN末端残基は、グルタミンである。ある場合では、本明細書に記載の抗CD137抗体の重鎖配列のN末端残基は、(例えば、翻訳後プロセシングに起因して)ピログルタミン酸である。
初代ヒトPBMCについて、上述のBA001 Fc多様体の機能的活性を、SEA刺激後に評価した。要するに、冷凍保存されたPBMCを、段階希釈したBA001 Fc多様体または対応するアイソタイプ対照抗体の存在下で、200ng/mlのSEAスーパー抗原(Toxin Technologies、Cat#AT101red)と5日間37℃で刺激した。培養上清中のIL-2濃度は、AlphaLISA(Perkin Elmer、Cat#AL221F)によって分析した。各条件で5つの複製を試験した。
段落2.2に記載のNFκB-ルシフェラーゼレポーター系を使用して、BA001 Fc多様体のリガンド依存性を調べた。要するに、可溶性ヒトCD137L(125ng/ml)の存在下でまたは不在下で、段落6.2.3に記載の方法によって架橋させた、ヒトCD137を発現しているJurkat NFκB-ルシフェラーゼレポーター細胞(50,000細胞/ウェル)を、段階希釈したBA001 Fc多様体または対応するアイソタイプ対照と37℃で4時間培養した。Nano-Glo(登録商標)ルシフェラーゼアッセイシステム(Promega Cat#N1120)およびEnVisionプレートリーダーを使用して、ルシフェラーゼ発現を検出した。
6.4.1 抗PD-1抗体との組み合わせ
単独で、または抗PD-1抗体もしくは抗OX40抗体と組み合わせた活性化T細胞による、サイトカイン産生を刺激する能力について、抗CD137抗体Ba001をさらに評価した。一実施例では、冷凍保存した初代ヒトPBMCを、BA001(5μg/mL)とアイソタイプ対照(10μg/mL)、抗PD-1抗体(10μg/mL)とアイソタイプ対照(5μg/mL)、BA001(5μg/mL)と抗PD-1抗体(10μg/mL)との組み合わせ、またはアイソタイプ対照単独(15μg/mL)のいずれかの存在下で、上述のようにSEAで刺激した。別の実施例では、冷凍保存した初代ヒトPBMCを、BA001(5μg/mL)とアイソタイプ対照(10μg/mL)、抗OX40抗体(10μg/mL)とアイソタイプ対照(5μg/mL)、BA001(5μg/mL)と抗OX40抗体(10μg/mL)との組み合わせ、またはアイソタイプ対照単独(15μg/mL)のいずれかの存在下で、上述のようにSEAで刺激した。培養上清中のIL-2濃度を、AlphaLISA(Perkin Elmer、Cat#AL221F)によって分析した。各条件で6つの複製を試験した。
HDX質量分析法によって、ヒトCD137の、BA001(BA001-Fab)のFab断片またはBA001(BA001-F(ab’)2)のF(ab’)2断片との相互作用を研究した。これらのデータを使用して、ヒトCD137の細胞外のドメイン上のBA001-FabおよびBA001-F(ab’)2によって結合されているエピトープ領域を特定した。
以下の方法を使用して、CD137の抗ヒトCD137 F(ab’)2および抗ヒトCD137Fabとの相互作用を評価した。
20μlのヒトCD137(5.48μg)または20μlのヒトCD137と、BA001-F(ab’)2との混合物(5.48μg: 22.36μg)を、20℃の105μlの酸化重水素標識緩衝液(50mMのリン酸ナトリウム、100mMの塩化ナトリウム、pD7.4)と、0秒、60秒、300秒、1800秒、7200秒、および14400秒間培養した。水素/重水素交換を125μLの4Mのグアニジン塩酸塩、0.85MのTCEP緩衝液(最終pHは2.5である)を添加することによってクエンチし、20℃で5分間混合物を培養した。その後、クエンチした試料にオンカラムペプシン/プロテアーゼXIII消化および下述のLC-MS分析を施した。質量スペクトルは、MSオンリーモードで記録した。
15μlのヒトCD137(5.0μg)または15μlのヒトCD137と、BA001-Fabとの混合物(5.0μgのヒトCD137+15.0μgのFab)を、25℃の110μlの酸化重水素標識緩衝液(50mMのリン酸ナトリウム、100mMの塩化ナトリウム、pD7.4)と、0秒、60秒、300秒、および1800秒間培養した。水素/重水素交換を125μLの4Mのグアニジン塩酸塩、0.85MのTCEP緩衝液(最終pHは2.5である)を添加することによってクエンチし、25℃で3分間混合物を培養した。その後、クエンチした試料にオンカラムペプシン/プロテアーゼXIII消化および下述のLC-MS分析を施した。質量スペクトルは、MSオンリーモードで記録した。
H/D交換MSデータ分析のために、HDX WorkBenchソフトウェアを使用して、未修正のMSデータを処理した。重水素化ペプチドとその天然形態(to)との間の平均質量差を使用して、重水素レベルを計算した。重水素組み込みの計算のために、所与のペプチドについての質量分析を、抽出されたイオンクロマトグラムピークにわたって組み合わせ、加重平均m/zを計算した。天然のペプチドの質量(0分)から加重平均質量への質量増加は、重水素の組み込みレベルに対応する。
ペプシン/プロテアーゼXII消化によるHDXに使用するために、Hisタグ付けしたヒトCD137(AcroBiosystems Inc.)をペプチドに断片化した。125μLの対照緩衝液(50mMのリン酸塩、100mMの塩化ナトリウム、pH7.4)中5.48μgのヒトCD137を、125μLの4M塩酸グアニジン、0.85MのTCEP緩衝液(最終pHは2.5である)を添加し、混合物を20℃で5分間培養することによって変性させた。混合物を、社内で充填したペプシン/プロテアーゼXIIIカラム(w/w1:1)を使用して、オンカラムペプシン/プロテアーゼXIII消化を施し、得られたペプチドを、Q Exactive(商標)Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap質量分析計(Thermo)に取り付けられたWaters Acquity UPLCで構成されたUPLC-MSシステムを使用して分析した。ペプチドの特定は、Mascotを用いて、ヒトCD137配列に対するMS/MSデータを検索することによって実施した。前駆体および産生物イオンの質量耐性は、それぞれ10ppmおよび0.05Daであった。
CD137ペプチドの大部分は、BA001-F(ab’)2の存在下、および不在下で、同一または同様の重水素レベルを示した。しかしながら、いくつかのペプチドセグメントは、F(ab’)2結合時に顕著に減少した重水素の組み込みを有することが見出された。この段落での全ての残基は、配列番号25に従って番号付けされる。残基125~155(FNDQKRGICRPWTNCSLDGKSVLVNGTKERD、配列番号27)からなる1つの領域は、ヒトCD137がBA001-F(ab’)2に結合すると、強い重水素保護を経験した。したがって、この領域は、CD137上のBA001のエピトープまたはその部分に対応する。BA001が強く結合した、ヒトおよびカニクイザルCD137(図1Aおよび1B)の両方の配列を検査することにより、上述の領域における完全な配列同一性が明らかになった(図11)。対照的に、ヒトCD137と比較して多数のアミノ酸置換および挿入をこの領域に含むBA001は、顕著な程度ではマウスCD137に結合しない(データは示さず)(図14A)。最後に、CD137の断片、残基26~63(DPCSNCPAGTFCDNNRNQICSPCPPNSFSSAGGQRTCD、配列番号34)はまた、重水素保護を示した。理論に束縛されることを望むものではないが、このシグナルはPLAD-PLAD相互作用を介したCD137二量体化を反映しているとが企図され、これは、BA001-F(ab’)2の各アームによる例えば2つの別個のCD137分子のうちの1つへの結合によって向上され得、それによりCD137分子のPLADドメインの十分に近位に近づいて結合してPLAD-PLAD相互作用を可能にする。
CD137ペプチドの大部分は、BA001Fabの存在下、および不在下で、同一または同様の重水素レベルを示した。しかしながら、いくつかのペプチドセグメントは、BA001-Fab結合時に顕著に減少した重水素の組み込みを有することが見出された。この段落での全ての残基は、配列番号25に従って番号付けされる。残基125~141(FNDQKRGICRPWTNCSL、配列番号26)によって画定される領域は、ヒトCD137がBA001-Fabに結合すると、強い重水素保護を経験した。したがって、この領域は、CD137上のBA001のエピトープまたはその部分に対応する。残基89~98(TPGFHCLGAG、配列番号28)、および残基107~112(KQGQEL、配列番号29)からなる2つの追加の領域はまた、実質的な重水素保護を呈し、したがって、CD137のBA001の追加のエピトープまたはその部分に任意選択的に対応する。BA001が強く結合した、ヒトおよびカニクイザルCD137(図1Aおよび1B)の両方の配列を検査することにより、上述の、配列番号26および29に対応する領域における完全な配列同一性が明らかになった(図13)。これらの領域でヒトCD137とは実質的に異なるBA001は、顕著な程度ではマウスCD137に結合しない(データは示さず)(図14A)。4つのアミノ酸置換は、配列番号28(すなわち、T82I、P83S、F85Y、およびG91E)に対応するカニクイザル配列の領域に見出される。残基26~63(配列番号34)からなるCD137の領域は、この実験において重水素保護を全く呈さなかった。理論に束縛されることを望むものではないが、個々のBA001-Fab断片のCD137の単一分子へのその結合が、PLAD-PLAD二量体化を促進しないことが企図される。
一連のJurkat細胞にトランスフェクトされたマウス切り替え変異構造体を使用して、抗CD137抗体Ba001によって認識されるヒトCD137上のエピトープをさらに研究し、次いでFACSによって分析することができた。細胞外ドメイン内に単一の変異した領域を含有するヒトCD137を構造的に各々発現する、ヒトCD137配列のその部分がマウスCD137(すなわち、図14Aに示される変異体5014~5018、以下の表5に提供される配列)からの対応する配列と切り替えられている、Jurkat切り替え変異体を生成した。
この実施例は、BA001抗体の多様体である抗CD137抗体の特徴評価について説明する。これらの抗体のうちの4つの可変領域の配列情報を表1および2に提供する。
BA001のCDRH1、CDRH3、およびCDRL3にアミノ酸置換を含有するscFvファージディスプレイライブラリをスクリーニングすることによって、BA001の多様体を生成した。要するに、配列番号55のアミノ酸配列を含むBA001のscFvを生成し、scFvの変異誘発を行い、親和性に基づいて選択することによってポジティブクローンを濃厚にした。ヒトCD137に結合する合計347個のクローンを特定した。347個のクローンのアミノ酸配列の分析から構成した、コンセンサスCDRH1、CDRH3、およびCDRL3配列は、それぞれ配列番号82、83、および84に記載されている。347個のクローンのなかでも、233個が、1×10-3秒-1未満の解離速度を有した。これらの233個のクローンから構成した、コンセンサスCDRH1、CDRH3、およびCDRL3配列は、それぞれ配列番号85、86、および87に記載されている。
Claims (14)
- ヒトCD137に特異的に結合する単離された抗体であって、前記抗体が、相補性決定領域(CDR)を含む重鎖可変領域(VH)であるCDRH1、CDRH2、およびCDRH3と、CDRを含む軽鎖可変領域(VL)であるCDRL1、CDRL2、およびCDRL3と、を含み、
CDRH1、CDRH2、CDRH3、CDRL1、CDRL2、およびCDRL3が、それぞれ配列番号1、2、3、4、5、および6に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む、抗体。 - (a)VHが、配列番号7のアミノ酸配列と少なくとも90%、95%、99%、または100%同一であるアミノ酸配列を含み、および/または、VLが配列番号8のアミノ酸配列と少なくとも90%、95%、99%、または100%同一であるアミノ酸配列を含む、または、
(b)前記VH及びVLが、それぞれ配列番号7および8を含むまたはからなる、
請求項1に記載の単離された抗体。 - 前記抗体が、ヒトIgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgA1、およびIgA2からなる群から選択される重鎖定常領域、および/または配列番号22のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖定常領域を含む、請求項1または2に記載の単離された抗体。
- (a)前記抗体が、IgG1重鎖定常領域を含み、
(i)前記IgG1重鎖定常領域が、配列番号15のアミノ酸配列を含む、
(ii)前記IgG1重鎖定常領域のアミノ酸配列が、EU番号付けシステムに従って番号付けされたN297A変異を含む、
(iii)IgG1重鎖定常領域が、配列番号16のアミノ酸配列を含む、
(iv)前記IgG1重鎖定常領域が、EU番号付けシステムに従って番号付けされたS267EおよびL328F変異を含む、および/または
(v)前記重鎖定常領域が配列番号17のアミノ酸配列を含む、
(b)前記抗体が、IgG2重鎖定常領域を含み、
(i)前記IgG2重鎖定常領域が、配列番号18のアミノ酸配列を含む、
(ii)前記IgG2重鎖定常領域のアミノ酸配列が、EU番号付けシステムに従って番号付けされたN297A変異を含む、および/または
(iii)前記IgG2重鎖定常領域が、配列番号19のアミノ酸配列を含む、
(c)前記抗体が、IgG4重鎖定常領域を含み、
(i)IgG4重鎖定常領域のアミノ酸配列が、EU番号付けシステムに従って番号付けされたS228P変異を含む、および/または
(ii)前記IgG4重鎖定常領域が、配列番号20のアミノ酸配列を含む、または
(d)前記抗体が、野生型重鎖定常領域のバリアントである重鎖定常領域を含み、バリアント重鎖定常領域が、前記野生型重鎖定常領域がFcγRに結合するよりも高い親和性で前記FcγRに結合する、
請求項3に記載の単離された抗体。 - (a)配列番号9~14及び49~54からなる群から選択されるアミノ酸配列を含む、重鎖、ならびに/または、配列番号21のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖、または、
(b)それぞれ配列番号9および21、10および21、11および21、12および21、13および21、14および21、49および21、50および21、51および21、52および21、53および21、または、54および21のアミノ酸配列を含むまたはから成る、重鎖および軽鎖
を含む、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の単離された抗体。 - それぞれ配列番号9および21のアミノ酸配列を含む、重鎖および軽鎖を含む、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の単離された抗体。
- (a)ヒト抗体である、
(b)多重特異性抗体である、
(c)細胞傷害性剤、細胞分裂阻害剤、毒素、放射性核種、または検出可能な標識と共役している、および/または
(d)第2の抗体と共役している、
請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の単離された抗体。 - 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の抗体の、VHおよびVLまたは重鎖および軽鎖をコードする単離されたポリヌクレオチド。
- 請求項8に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含む、ベクター。
- (a)請求項8に記載のポリヌクレオチド、
(b)請求項9に記載のベクター、または
(c)請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の抗体のVHもしくは重鎖をコードする第一のポリヌクレオチド、および、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の抗体のVLもしくは軽鎖をコードする第二のポリヌクレオチド、
を含む、組み換え宿主細胞。 - 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の抗体、請求項8に記載のポリヌクレオチド、請求項9に記載のベクター、または請求項10に記載の宿主細胞と、薬学的に許容される担体もしくは賦形剤と、を含む、薬学的組成物。
- ヒトCD137に特異的に結合する抗体を産生する方法であって、前記ポリヌクレオチドが発現され、かつ前記抗体が産生されるのに好適な条件下で、請求項10に記載の宿主細胞を培養することを含む、方法。
- 癌もしくは感染症を治療する、もしくは免疫応答を増加させる方法において使用するための、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の抗体、請求項8に記載のポリヌクレオチド、請求項9に記載のベクター、請求項10に記載の宿主細胞、または請求項11に記載の薬学的組成物。
- (a)前記抗体、ポリヌクレオチド、ベクター、宿主細胞、または薬学的組成物が
(i)全身投与される、もしくは
(ii)皮下、腫瘍内に投与されるか、もしくは腫瘍流入領域リンパ節に送達される、および/または
(b)前記方法が追加の治療薬を対象に投与することをさらに含み、
(i)前記追加の治療薬が、化学療法薬である、
(ii)前記追加の治療薬が、チェックポイント標的薬である、
(iii)前記追加の治療薬が、アンタゴニスト抗PD-1抗体、アンタゴニスト抗PD-L1抗体、アンタゴニスト抗PD-L2抗体、アンタゴニスト抗CTLA-4抗体、アンタゴニスト抗TIM-3抗体、アンタゴニスト抗LAG-3抗体、アンタゴニスト抗VISTA抗体、アンタゴニスト抗CD96抗体、アンタゴニスト抗CEACAM1抗体、アンタゴニスト抗TIGIT抗体、アゴニスト抗GITR抗体、およびアゴニスト抗OX40抗体からなる群から選択される、
(iv)前記追加の治療薬が、ペムブロリズマブまたはニボルマブから選択される抗PD-1抗体である、
(v)前記追加の治療薬が、インドールアミン-2,3-ジオキシゲナーゼ(IDO)の阻害剤である、
(vi)前記追加の治療薬が、エパカドスタット、F001287、インドキシモド、およびNLG919からなる群から選択される、または
(vii)前記追加の治療薬がワクチンである、
(viii)前記追加の治療薬が、抗原ペプチドと複合体形成された熱ショックタンパク質を含む熱ショックタンパク質ペプチド複合体(HSPPC)を含むワクチンである、
請求項13に記載の抗体、ポリヌクレオチド、ベクター、宿主細胞、または薬学的組成物。
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JP2023115080A (ja) | 2023-08-18 |
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BR112019017241A2 (pt) | 2020-04-14 |
MX2024009690A (es) | 2024-08-19 |
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US20210106693A1 (en) | 2021-04-15 |
CN110546166B (zh) | 2024-03-29 |
CN110546166A (zh) | 2019-12-06 |
KR20240017409A (ko) | 2024-02-07 |
US20220106581A1 (en) | 2022-04-07 |
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US20180344870A1 (en) | 2018-12-06 |
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