JP7261800B2 - 熱可塑性樹脂組成物およびこれから製造された成形品 - Google Patents
熱可塑性樹脂組成物およびこれから製造された成形品 Download PDFInfo
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- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 title claims description 73
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 title claims description 63
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- -1 alkyl phosphate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920006164 aromatic vinyl copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005424 photoluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacrylonitrile Chemical compound CC(=C)C#N GYCMBHHDWRMZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 3
- UHGIMQLJWRAPLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O UHGIMQLJWRAPLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KYPOHTVBFVELTG-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-but-2-enedinitrile Chemical compound N#C\C=C\C#N KYPOHTVBFVELTG-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WAEOXIOXMKNFLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-4-prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical group CC1=CC=C(CC=C)C=C1 WAEOXIOXMKNFLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-vinylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=C)=CC=CC2=C1 IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CYLVUSZHVURAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dibromoethenylbenzene Chemical compound BrC(Br)=CC1=CC=CC=C1 CYLVUSZHVURAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CISIJYCKDJSTMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloroethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=CC1=CC=CC=C1 CISIJYCKDJSTMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYUNTGBISCIYPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroprop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound ClC(=C)C#N OYUNTGBISCIYPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TVONJMOVBKMLOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylidenebutanenitrile Chemical compound CCC(=C)C#N TVONJMOVBKMLOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RLFXJQPKMZNLMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylprop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RLFXJQPKMZNLMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QROGIFZRVHSFLM-QHHAFSJGSA-N [(e)-prop-1-enyl]benzene Chemical compound C\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 QROGIFZRVHSFLM-QHHAFSJGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005250 alkyl acrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- MPMBRWOOISTHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MPMBRWOOISTHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TVACALAUIQMRDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O TVACALAUIQMRDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010559 graft polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KETWBQOXTBGBBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hex-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KETWBQOXTBGBBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUVCYFMOHFTGDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O ZUVCYFMOHFTGDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002017 high-resolution X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003049 isoprene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012321 sodium triacetoxyborohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006249 styrenic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KRIXEEBVZRZHOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O KRIXEEBVZRZHOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002076 thermal analysis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O thiamine pyrophosphate Chemical compound CC1=C(CCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/12—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated nitriles
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- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
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- C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
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Description
以下では、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂は、(A1)ゴム変性ビニル系グラフト共重合体、および(A2)芳香族ビニル系共重合体樹脂を含むゴム変性ビニル系共重合体樹脂であってもよい。
本発明の一具体例に係るゴム変性ビニル系グラフト共重合体は、熱可塑性樹脂組成物の耐衝撃性、流動性などを向上できるものであって、ゴム質重合体に芳香族ビニル系単量体およびシアン化ビニル系単量体を含む単量体混合物がグラフト重合されたものであってもよい。例えば、上記ゴム変性ビニル系グラフト共重合体は、ゴム質重合体に芳香族ビニル系単量体およびシアン化ビニル系単量体を含む単量体混合物をグラフト重合して得ることができ、必要に応じて、上記単量体混合物に加工性および耐熱性を付与する単量体をさらに含ませてグラフト重合することができる。上記重合は、乳化重合、懸濁重合などの公知の重合方法によって行われ得る。また、前記ゴム変性ビニル系グラフト共重合体は、コア(ゴム質重合体)-シェル(単量体混合物の共重合体)の構造を形成することができる。
本発明の一具体例に係る芳香族ビニル系共重合体樹脂は、通常のゴム変性ビニル系共重合体樹脂に使用される芳香族ビニル系共重合体樹脂であってもよい。例えば、上記芳香族ビニル系共重合体樹脂は、芳香族ビニル系単量体、およびシアン化ビニル系単量体などの上記芳香族ビニル系単量体と共重合可能な単量体を含む単量体混合物の重合体であってもよい。
本発明の酸化亜鉛は、本発明のアルキルホスフェートと共に、熱可塑性樹脂組成物の耐候性、抗菌性、耐衝撃性などを向上できるものであって、粒度分析(ベックマン・コールター株式会社、レーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置(Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer) LS I3 320)装置を用いて測定した単一粒子(粒子が凝集して2次粒子を形成しない)の平均粒径(D50)が約0.5μm~約3μm、例えば、約0.8μm~約3μmであってもよい。また、前記酸化亜鉛は、窒素ガス吸着法を用いてBET分析装置(Micromeritics社、表面積および細孔分布測定装置(Surface Area and Porosity Analyzer) ASAP 2020装備)で測定した比表面積BETが約1m2/g~約10m2/g、例えば、約1m2/g~約7m2/gであってもよく、純度が約99%以上であってもよい。上記範囲を外れる場合、熱可塑性樹脂組成物の耐候性、抗菌性などが低下するおそれがある。
本発明のアルキルホスフェートは、前記酸化亜鉛と共に、熱可塑性樹脂組成物の耐衝撃性、耐候性、抗菌性などを向上できるものであって、炭素数10~20のアルキルホスフェートであってもよい。
以下、実施例および比較例で使用された各成分の仕様は以下のとおりである。
(A1)ゴム変性芳香族ビニル系グラフト共重合体
45重量%の平均粒径が320nmであるブタジエンゴムに55重量%のスチレンおよびアクリロニトリル(重量比:75/25)がグラフト共重合されたg-ABSを使用した。
スチレン70重量%およびアクリロニトリル30重量%が重合されたSAN樹脂(重量平均分子量:80,000g/mol)を使用した。
スチレン70重量%およびアクリロニトリル30重量%が重合されたSAN樹脂(重量平均分子量:150,000g/mol)を使用した。
(B1)金属形態の亜鉛を溶かし、900℃に加熱して蒸気化させた後、酸素ガスを注入し、常温(25℃)に冷却することによって1次中間物を得た。次に、その1次中間物を700℃で90分間熱処理した後、常温(25℃)に冷却することによって製造した酸化亜鉛を使用した。
(C1)オクタデシルホスフェート(メーカー:ADEKA Corporation、製品名:ADK STAB AX-71)を使用した。
(1)平均粒径(単位:μm):粒度分析機(ベックマン・コールター株式会社、レーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置(Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer) LS I3 320装置)を用いて平均粒径(体積平均)を測定した。
上記各構成成分を下記表2および表3に記載した含有量で添加した後、230℃で押出しを行うことによってペレットを製造した。押出しは、L/D=36、直径45mmの二軸押出機を用いて行い、製造されたペレットは80℃で2時間以上乾燥した後、6Oz射出機(成形温度:230℃、金型温度:60℃)で射出することによって試験片を製造した。製造された試験片に対して下記の方法で物性を評価し、その結果を下記表2および表3に示す。
(1)耐候性評価(色相変化(ΔE)):50mm×90mm×3mmの大きさの射出試験片に対して色差計(コニカミノルタ株式会社、CM-3700A)を用いて初期色相(L0 *、a0 *、b0 *)を測定し、前記射出試験片に対してASTM D4459に基づいて300時間にわたって耐候性を試験し、色差計を用いて試験した後で色相(L1 *、a1 *、b1 *)を測定し、下記式2によって色相変化(ΔE)を算出した。
Claims (9)
- ゴム変性ビニル系グラフト共重合体 10重量%~40重量%;および
芳香族ビニル系共重合体樹脂 60重量%~90重量%;
を含む熱可塑性樹脂 100重量部、
平均粒径が0.5μm~3μmであり、比表面積BETが1m 2 /g~10m 2 /gである酸化亜鉛 0.1重量部~10重量部;ならびに
炭素数10~20のアルキルホスフェート 0.01重量部~5重量部;を含むことを特徴とする熱可塑性樹脂組成物であって、
前記ゴム変性ビニル系グラフト共重合体は、ゴム質重合体に芳香族ビニル系単量体およびシアン化ビニル系単量体を含む単量体混合物がグラフト重合されたものであり、
前記芳香族ビニル系共重合体樹脂は、芳香族ビニル系単量体およびシアン化ビニル系単量体の重合体であり、
前記酸化亜鉛は、X線回折(X-ray diffraction、XRD)の分析時、ピーク位置2θ値が35゜~37゜の範囲であり、下記式1による微小結晶の大きさが1,000Å~2,000Åである、熱可塑性樹脂組成物:
前記式1において、Kは形状係数であり、λはX線波長であり、βはX線回折ピークのFWHM値であり、θはピーク位置の値である。 - 前記酸化亜鉛は、フォトルミネッセンスの測定時、370nm~390nm領域のピークAと450nm~600nm領域のピークBとの大きさの比(B/A)が0.01~1であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記酸化亜鉛と前記アルキルホスフェートの重量比は、4:1~40:1であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、50mm×90mm×3mmの大きさの射出試験片に対して初期色相(L0 *、a0 *、b0 *)を測定し、前記射出試験片に対してASTM D4459に基づいて300時間にわたって耐候性を試験し、試験後に色相(L1 *、a1 *、b1 *)を測定した後、下記式2によって算出した色相変化(ΔE)が0.5~1.7であることを特徴とする、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物:
前記式2において、ΔL*は、耐候性の試験前後のL*値の差(L1 *-L0 *)であり、Δa*は、耐候性の試験前後のa*値の差(a1 *-a0 *)であり、Δb*は、耐候性の試験前後のb*値の差(b1 *-b0 *)である。 - 前記熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、JIS Z 2801抗菌評価法に基づいて5cm×5cmの大きさの試験片に黄色ブドウ球菌および大腸菌を接種し、35℃、RH90%の条件で24時間培養した後、測定した抗菌活性値がそれぞれ2~7であることを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、ASTM D256に基づいて、23℃で測定した6.4mm厚の試験片のノッチ付きアイゾット衝撃強度が17kgf・cm/cm~30kgf・cm/cmであることを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、ASTM D256に基づいて、-30℃で測定した6.4mm厚の試験片のノッチ付きアイゾット衝撃強度が10kgf・cm/cm~20kgf・cm/cmであることを特徴とする、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、ASTM D1238に基づいて、200℃、5kgの荷重条件で測定したメルトフローインデックス(Melt-flow Index:MI)が2g/10分~5g/10分であることを特徴とする、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項による熱可塑性樹脂組成物から形成されることを特徴とする成形品。
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