JP7216824B2 - リチウム二次電池用正極活物質前駆体の製造方法 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池用正極活物質前駆体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7216824B2 JP7216824B2 JP2021531036A JP2021531036A JP7216824B2 JP 7216824 B2 JP7216824 B2 JP 7216824B2 JP 2021531036 A JP2021531036 A JP 2021531036A JP 2021531036 A JP2021531036 A JP 2021531036A JP 7216824 B2 JP7216824 B2 JP 7216824B2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical group [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001547 lithium hexafluoroantimonate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001540 lithium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical class [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011656 manganese carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006748 manganese carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011564 manganese citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014872 manganese citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940097206 manganese citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000016 manganese(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(II) nitrate Inorganic materials [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000357 manganese(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005181 nitrobenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002296 pyrolytic carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical class O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002733 tin-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
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- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
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- C01G53/40—Nickelates
- C01G53/42—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2
- C01G53/44—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese
- C01G53/50—Nickelates containing alkali metals, e.g. LiNiO2 containing manganese of the type [MnO2]n-, e.g. Li(NixMn1-x)O2, Li(MyNixMn1-x-y)O2
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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Description
本出願は、2018年11月30日付韓国特許出願第10-2018-0152270号に基づく優先権の利益を主張し、当該韓国特許出願の文献に開示された全ての内容は本明細書の一部として含まれる。
本発明者等は、単一反応器を用いて正極活物質前駆体を製造するが、反応途中のpHを調節することにより、平均粒径(D50)が異なるバイモーダル形態の正極活物質粒子等が均一に混合されるだけでなく、正極活物質前駆体の生産性を画期的に増加させ得ることを見出し、本発明を完成した。
また、本発明は、前述した正極活物質前駆体の製造方法により製造された正極活物質前駆体を提供する。前記正極活物質前駆体は、前述した製造方法により製造されるので、同時間対比の生産性が画期的に向上し得る。
また、本発明によれば、前記製造方法により製造した正極活物質前駆体を用いて製造した正極活物質を提供することができる。具体的に、平均粒径(D50)が異なる異種の正極活物質を含むことにより、単位体積当たりの充填密度が増加した正極活物質を提供することができる。
また、本発明は、前述した方法により製造された正極活物質を含むリチウム二次電池用正極を提供する。
また、本発明は、前記正極を含む電気化学素子を製造することができる。前記電気化学素子は、具体的に電池、キャパシタなどであってよく、より具体的にはリチウム二次電池であってよい。
NiSO4・6H2O、CoSO4・7H2O、MnSO4・H2Oをニッケル:コバルト:マンガンが7:1:2のモル比となるようにする量で、水中で混合して2.4M濃度の金属水溶液を準備した。
pH12.9で第2正極活物質前駆体粒子の核の形成を行ったことを除き、前記実施例1と同様の方法を用いて正極活物質前駆体を製造し、平均粒径(D50)が10.07μmである第1正極活物質前駆体粒子及び平均粒径(D50)が3.01μmである第2正極活物質前駆体粒子を8:2の重量比で製造することを除き、前記実施例1と同様の方法を用いて正極活物質前駆体を製造した。
小粒子正極活物質前駆体と大粒子正極活物質前駆体をそれぞれ製造した後、これを混合し、バイモーダル前駆体を製造した。
反応器内のpHを変更せずに、反応全体に亘ってpH11.6に維持することを除き、前記実施例1と同様の方法を用いて正極活物質前駆体を製造した。
pH12.1で第2正極活物質前駆体粒子の核の形成を行ったことを除き、前記実施例1と同様の方法を用いて正極活物質前駆体を製造した。
前記実施例1~2及び比較例1~3で製造した正極活物質前駆体の粒子特性を評価した。
前記実施例1及び比較例1~2で製造した正極活物質前駆体を走査電子顕微鏡で撮影して生成された正極活物質前駆体の粒子特性を確認した。
100ccの容器に実施例1~2及び比較例1~3でそれぞれ収得した正極活物質前駆体50gを充填した後、一定条件で振動させて得られる粒子の見掛け密度を測定した。具体的に、タップ密度試験機(KYT-4000、Seishin社)を用いて前記正極材のタップ密度を測定した。測定結果は下記表1に示した。
前記実施例1~2及び比較例1~3で製造した正極活物質前駆体粒子をそれぞれ2.5kgf/cm2の圧延密度で圧縮してペレット形態で作製した後、ペレット密度確認装置(4350L、Carver社)を用いて正極活物質前駆体の密度を測定した。測定結果は下記表1に示した。
前記実施例1~2及び比較例1~3で製造した正極活物質前駆体粒子の粒度分布を確認するため、粒度分布確認装置(S-3500、Microtrac社)を用いて実施例1~2及び比較例1~3で生成した正極活物質前駆体の粒度を測定し、その結果を下記表2及び図4に示した。
Claims (7)
- ニッケル原料物質、コバルト原料物質及びマンガン原料物質を含む金属水溶液を準備する第1段階と;
反応器内に前記金属水溶液、アンモニウム陽イオン錯体形成剤及び塩基性水溶液を添加してpH11からpH12未満で共沈反応させ、第1正極活物質前駆体粒子の核を形成し、成長させる第2段階と;
前記塩基性水溶液の投入量を調節して前記反応器内のpHを、第2段階対比0.8から1.5範囲で上昇させ、pH12.2からpH13.0で第2正極活物質前駆体粒子の核を形成する第3段階と;
前記塩基性水溶液の投入量を調節して前記反応器内のpHをpH11からpH12未満に変更し、前記第1正極活物質前駆体粒子の核及び前記第2正極活物質前駆体粒子の核を同時に成長させて、平均粒径(D50)が異なる第1正極活物質前駆体粒子及び第2正極活物質前駆体粒子を含むバイモーダル型(bimodal type)正極活物質前駆体を製造する第4段階と;を含む、正極活物質前駆体の製造方法。 - 前記第3段階のpHは、前記第2段階対比0.8から1.2の範囲で上昇させるものである、請求項1に記載の正極活物質前駆体の製造方法。
- 前記第1正極活物質前駆体粒子及び前記第2正極活物質前駆体粒子は9:1から6:4の重量比で形成されるように、前記第2段階及び第3段階の反応時間を調節するものである、請求項1または2に記載の正極活物質前駆体の製造方法。
- 前記第2段階は、9時間から32時間行うものである、請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の正極活物質前駆体の製造方法。
- 前記第3段階は、10分から1時間行うものである、請求項1から4の何れか一項に記載の正極活物質前駆体の製造方法。
- 前記第1正極活物質前駆体粒子は、平均粒径(D50)が7μm以上である、請求項1から5の何れか一項に記載の正極活物質前駆体の製造方法。
- 前記第2正極活物質前駆体粒子は、平均粒径(D50)が2μmから7μmである、請求項1から6の何れか一項に記載の正極活物質前駆体の製造方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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KR10-2018-0152270 | 2018-11-30 | ||
KR1020180152270A KR102304738B1 (ko) | 2018-11-30 | 2018-11-30 | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 전구체의 제조 방법 |
PCT/KR2019/016014 WO2020111655A1 (ko) | 2018-11-30 | 2019-11-21 | 리튬 이차전지용 양극 활물질 전구체의 제조 방법 |
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