JP7174335B2 - 非水電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7174335B2 JP7174335B2 JP2019159810A JP2019159810A JP7174335B2 JP 7174335 B2 JP7174335 B2 JP 7174335B2 JP 2019159810 A JP2019159810 A JP 2019159810A JP 2019159810 A JP2019159810 A JP 2019159810A JP 7174335 B2 JP7174335 B2 JP 7174335B2
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- active material
- positive electrode
- electrode active
- negative electrode
- material layer
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- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Description
非水溶媒としては、一般的なリチウムイオン二次電池の電解液に用いられる各種のカーボネート類、エーテル類、エステル類、ニトリル類、スルホン類、ラクトン類等の有機溶媒を、特に限定なく用いることができる。なかでも、カーボネート類が好ましく、その具体例としては、エチレンカーボネート(EC)、プロピレンカーボネート(PC)、ジエチルカーボネート(DEC)、ジメチルカーボネート(DMC)、エチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)、モノフルオロエチレンカーボネート(MFEC)、ジフルオロエチレンカーボネート(DFEC)、モノフルオロメチルジフルオロメチルカーボネート(F-DMC)、トリフルオロジメチルカーボネート(TFDMC)等が挙げられる。このような非水溶媒は、1種を単独で、あるいは2種以上を適宜組み合わせて用いることができる。
支持塩としては、例えば、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4等のリチウム塩(好ましくはLiPF6)を好適に用いることができる。支持塩の濃度は、0.7mol/L以上1.3mol/L以下が好ましい。
分散機を用いて、導電材としてのアセチレンブラック(AB)、ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVdF)およびN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)が混合されたスラリーを得た。このスラリーに、第1正極活物質としてのLiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2(LNCM)とLi3PO4との混合粉体を投入した後、固形分を均一に分散させ、正極スラリーを調製した。なお、正極合材スラリーは、LNCM:Li3PO4:AB:PVdF=87:3:8:2(質量比)となるように調製した。
無機フィラーとしてのベーマイトと、第2正極活物質としてのLiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2(LNCM)と、バインダとしてのPVdFと、NMPとを分散機を用いて混合して、絶縁層スラリーを調製した。なお、絶縁層スラリーは、第2正極活物質の含有量が表1に示す条件を満たすように調製した。
正極スラリーおよび絶縁層スラリーを、表1に示す条件を満たすように、ダイコータを用いて同一のダイヘッドから同時に長尺状のアルミニウム箔の両面に帯状に塗布して乾燥した後、プレスすることにより正極シートを作製した。塗布は、絶縁層スラリーが正極スラリーに隣接するように行った。
このようにして、図3に示す形態の正極シートを作製した。
負極活物質としての天然黒鉛(C)と、バインダとしてのスチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)と、増粘剤としてのカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)とを、C:SBR:CMC=98:1:1の質量比でイオン交換水と混合して、負極スラリーを調製した。この負極スラリーを、表1に示す条件を満たすように、長尺状の銅箔の両面に帯状に塗布して乾燥した後、プレスすることにより負極シートを作製した。
セパレータとして、PP/PE/PPの三層構造を有する多孔性ポリオレフィンシートを用意した。
上記で作製した正極シートと、負極シートと、2枚の上記用意したセパレータシートとを積層し、捲回した後、側面方向から押圧して拉げさせることによって扁平形状の捲回電極体を作製した。
次に、捲回電極体に正極端子および負極端子を接続し、電解液注入口を有する角型の電池ケースに収容した。
続いて、電池ケースの電解液注入口から非水電解質を注入し、当該注入口を気密に封止した。なお、非水電解質には、エチレンカーボネート(EC)とエチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)とジメチルカーボネート(DMC)とをEC:EMC:DMC=3:4:3の体積比で含む混合溶媒に、支持塩としてのLiPF6を1.1mol/Lの濃度で溶解させたものを用いた。
このようにして各実施例および各比較例のリチウムイオン二次電池を作製した。
[遷移金属溶出評価]
SOC100%に調整したリチウムイオン二次電池を60℃にて120日保存した。その後、リチウムイオン二次電池を解体し、負極表面に存在するマンガン(Mn)の量(炭素(C)量基準)をレーザアブレーションICP質量分析(LA-ICP-MASS)により調べた。分析装置としては、NEW WAVE RESERCH社製のUP213(商標)装置を添付のマニュアルに従って用いた。
(正極活物質層の縁部と対向する領域のMn量[cps])/(正極活物質の幅方向の中間部分と対向する領域のMn量[cps])が0.0002未満の場合を「◎」、0.0002以上0.0006以下の場合を「○」、0.0006より大きい場合を「×」とした。
[リチウム析出評価]
SOC100%に調整したリチウムイオン二次電池を-15℃にて20Cで5日間サイクルさせた。その後、リチウムイオン二次電池を解体し、正極活物質層の縁部と対向する負極活物質層表面における金属リチウムの析出量を目視にて確認した。
負極活物質層表面のリチウム析出がほとんど認められなかった場合を「◎」、うっすらと曇らせる程度であった場合を「○」、くっきりと認められた場合を「×」とした。
結果を表1に示す。
30 電池ケース
36 安全弁
42 正極端子
42a 正極集電板
44 負極端子
44a 負極集電板
50 正極シート(正極)
52 正極集電体
52a 正極集電体露出部
54 正極活物質層
56 絶縁層
60 負極シート(負極)
62 負極集電体
62a 負極集電体露出部
64 負極活物質層
65 負極活物質
70 セパレータシート(セパレータ)
80 非水電解質
100 リチウムイオン二次電池
Claims (3)
- 正極および負極がセパレータを介して積層した構造の電極体と、
非水電解質と、
を備える非水電解質二次電池であって、
前記正極は、
正極集電体と、
前記正極集電体の表面に配置された、第1正極活物質を含む正極活物質層と、
前記正極活物質層の所定の一の幅方向の一方の端部に沿って配置された絶縁層であって、無機フィラーおよび第2正極活物質を含む絶縁層と、
を備え、
前記負極は、
負極集電体と、
前記負極集電体の表面に配置された、負極活物質を含む負極活物質層であって、前記幅方向の長さが前記正極活物質層の該幅方向の長さよりも長く、前記正極活物質層と、前記絶縁層の少なくとも一部と、に対向する負極活物質層と、
を備え、
前記幅方向において、前記絶縁層が前記負極活物質層よりも外側に突出している、
非水電解質二次電池。 - 前記電極体において、
前記正極活物質層に含まれる前記第1正極活物質の全容量(mAh)をC、前記負極活物質層に含まれる前記負極活物質の全容量(mAh)をAとした場合に、前記絶縁層に含まれる前記第2正極活物質の全容量(mAh)Lは、(1-C/A)×n(ただし、n≧0.60)を満たす量として規定される、請求項1に記載の非水電解質二次電池。 - 前記第2正極活物質の全容量(mAh)Lは、(1-C/A)×n(ただし、n≧0.65)を満たす量として規定される、請求項2に記載の非水電解質二次電池。
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