JP7160826B2 - 塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物のパウダースラッシュ成形体及び積層体 - Google Patents
塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物のパウダースラッシュ成形体及び積層体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7160826B2 JP7160826B2 JP2019549243A JP2019549243A JP7160826B2 JP 7160826 B2 JP7160826 B2 JP 7160826B2 JP 2019549243 A JP2019549243 A JP 2019549243A JP 2019549243 A JP2019549243 A JP 2019549243A JP 7160826 B2 JP7160826 B2 JP 7160826B2
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- Prior art keywords
- vinyl chloride
- chloride resin
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- acrylic polymer
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- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 236
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims description 91
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 title claims description 71
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 title claims description 59
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 169
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 169
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 135
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 127
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- -1 acrylic ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical class CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical group C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 43
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 35
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 30
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 28
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 27
- RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 19
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 9
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyromellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- KZCOBXFFBQJQHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCS KZCOBXFFBQJQHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000005591 trimellitate group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000010558 suspension polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 3
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000010556 emulsion polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- STMDPCBYJCIZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-4-methylpentanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C(O)=O)NC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O STMDPCBYJCIZOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C=C CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- ALKCLFLTXBBMMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-yl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OC(C)(C=C)CCC=C(C)C ALKCLFLTXBBMMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GPZYYYGYCRFPBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-Hydroxyflavone Chemical compound C=1C(=O)C2=CC(O)=CC=C2OC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 GPZYYYGYCRFPBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSDWBNJEKMUWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC=C OSDWBNJEKMUWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IRIAEXORFWYRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylbenzyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 IRIAEXORFWYRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSPBJCAGAJBGKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Charine Chemical compound OC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)CO1 VSPBJCAGAJBGKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical compound C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SAOKZLXYCUGLFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC SAOKZLXYCUGLFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZDWGXBPVPXVXMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) nonanedioate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC ZDWGXBPVPXVXMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- WEXXMKKKIYDELC-UHFFFAOYSA-N charine Natural products Nc1nc(N)c(OC2OC(CO)C(O)C2O)c(O)n1 WEXXMKKKIYDELC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl sebacate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002296 dynamic light scattering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010097 foam moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RVEZZJVBDQCTEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfenic acid Chemical class SO RVEZZJVBDQCTEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YAJYJWXEWKRTPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)(C)C(C)(C)C(C)(C)S YAJYJWXEWKRTPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QZLAEIZEPJAELS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpentane-2-thiol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)S QZLAEIZEPJAELS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIXWIUJQBBANGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1h-pyrazol-5-amine Chemical compound N1N=CC(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=C1N SIXWIUJQBBANGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVFDTKUVRCTHQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisodecyl phthalate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC(C)C ZVFDTKUVRCTHQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000316887 Saissetia oleae Species 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRADHMIOFJQKEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tri-2-ethylhexyl trimellitate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC)C(C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC)=C1 KRADHMIOFJQKEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHBCFWWEZXPPLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ca].[Zn] Chemical compound [Ca].[Zn] IHBCFWWEZXPPLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001278 adipic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001535 azelaic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHLNMHIRQGRGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Ba] SHLNMHIRQGRGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- WXZOXVVKILCOPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC)=C1 WXZOXVVKILCOPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001055 blue pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- JYRGMWNNMAJMEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,3-diol;2-ethylhexan-1-ol;hexanedioic acid Chemical compound CC(O)CCO.CCCCC(CC)CO.OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O JYRGMWNNMAJMEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006084 composite stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
撹拌機、還流冷却器、温度計、窒素ガス導入管及びフィードポンプを備えた2L重合装置に、脱イオン水380gを入れ、窒素雰囲気下で撹拌しながら昇温し、内温が80℃に到達した時点で2%の過硫酸ナトリウム23.5gを添加した。次に、メタクリル酸メチル(MMA)420.0g、メタクリル酸イソブチル(iBMA)280.0g、ジ-(2-エチルヘキシル)スルホコハク酸ナトリウム2.5g、1-オクタンチオール0.05g、及び脱イオン水230.0gを混合攪拌して作製したモノマー乳化液を2時間かけて滴下し、滴下後も80℃にて2時間攪拌を継続してラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスを室温まで冷却し、スプレードライヤー(大川原化工機株式会社L-12-LS型)を用いて、入口温度130℃、出口温度60℃、アトマイザーディスク回転速度20000rpmにて噴霧乾燥し、アクリル重合体A1を製造した。
モノマー乳化液中のメタクリル酸メチル(MMA)を525.0g、メタクリル酸イソブチル(iBMA)を175.0gに変更した以外は、製造例1と同様にしてアクリル重合体A2を製造した。
モノマー乳化液中のメタクリル酸メチル(MMA)を560.0g、メタクリル酸イソブチル(iBMA)を140.0gに変更した以外は、製造例1と同様にしてアクリル重合体A3を製造した。
モノマー乳化液中のメタクリル酸メチル(MMA)を595.0g、メタクリル酸イソブチル(iBMA)を105.0gに変更した以外は、製造例1と同様にしてアクリル重合体A4を製造した。
モノマー乳化液中のメタクリル酸メチル(MMA)を630.0g、メタクリル酸イソブチル(iBMA)を70.0gに変更した以外は、製造例1と同様にしてアクリル重合体A5を製造した。
モノマー乳化液中のメタクリル酸メチル(MMA)を665.0g、メタクリル酸イソブチル(iBMA)を35.0gに変更した以外は、製造例1と同様にしてアクリル重合体A6を製造した。
モノマー乳化液中のメタクリル酸メチル(MMA)を280.0g、メタクリル酸イソブチル(iBMA)を420.0gに変更した以外は、製造例1と同様にしてアクリル重合体A7を製造した。
モノマー乳化液中のメタクリル酸メチル(MMA)を700.0gに変更し、メタクリル酸イソブチル(iBMA)を抜いた以外は、製造例1と同様にしてアクリル重合体A8を製造した。
撹拌機、還流冷却器、温度計、窒素ガス導入管及びフィードポンプを備えた2L重合装置に、脱イオン水380gを入れ、窒素雰囲気下で撹拌しながら昇温し、内温が80℃に到達した時点で2%の過硫酸ナトリウム17.5gを添加した。次に、メタクリル酸メチル(MMA)200.0g、メタクリル酸n-ブチル(nBMA)150.0g、ジ-(2-エチルヘキシル)スルホコハク酸ナトリウム1.2g、脱イオン水120.0gを混合攪拌して作製したモノマー乳化液(コア部分用)を1時間かけて滴下し、滴下後も80℃にて80分攪拌を継続してラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスに2%の過硫酸ナトリウム6.0gを添加し、メタクリル酸メチル(MMA)227.0g、メタクリル酸イソブチル(iBMA)123.0g、ジ-(2-エチルヘキシル)スルホコハク酸ナトリウム1.4g、1-オクタンチオール0.05g、及び脱イオン水130.0gを混合攪拌して作製したモノマー乳化液(シェル部分用)を45分かけて滴下し、滴下後も80℃にて30分攪拌を継続して二段重合ラテックスを得た。得られた二段重合ラテックスを実施例1と同様の方法で乾燥し、アクリル重合体B1を得た。アクリル重合体B1において、コア部分:シェル部分の質量比は50:50であった。
モノマー乳化液から1-オクタンチオールを抜いた以外は、製造例1と同様にしてアクリル重合体C1を製造した。
モノマー乳化液中の1-オクタンチオールを0.25gに増量した以外は、製造例1と同様にしてアクリル重合体C2を製造した。
モノマー乳化液に使用したメタクリル酸イソブチル(iBMA)をメタクリル酸n-ブチル(nBMA)に変更した以外は、製造例1と同様にしてアクリル重合体D1を製造した。
モノマー乳化液中のメタクリル酸イソブチル(iBMA)70.0gを、メタクリル酸ドデシル(DMA)70.0gに変更した以外は、製造例5と同様にしてアクリル重合体E1を製造した。
モノマー乳化液中のメタクリル酸イソブチル(iBMA)70.0gを、メタクリル酸シクロヘキシル(CHMA)70.0gに変更した以外は、製造例5と同様にしてアクリル重合体E2を製造した。
<塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物の製造>
100Lのスーパーミキサー(株式会社カワタ製)に、前記塩化ビニル系樹脂(塩化ビニル単独重合体、平均重合度1700、平均粒子径152μm、株式会社カネカ製「KS-1700」)100質量部、可塑剤(トリメリット酸トリ(n-オクチル)、株式会社ADEKA製「C-8L」)120質量部、安定剤としてステアリン酸亜鉛5質量部、過塩素酸ナトリウム1.5質量部、ヒンダードアミン系光安定剤(HALS)0.3質量部及びエポキシ化大豆油5質量部、並びに顔料(黒)3質量部を添加し、70℃で混合した。次に、得られた混合物をドライアップした後、50℃以下に冷却し、アクリル系重合体A1を20質量部添加して混合し、塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物(粉末状)を作製した。
上記で得られた塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物を用い、シボ付平板(縦22cm×横31cm)を有するスラッシュ成形用金型とパウダーボックス(縦22cm×横31cm×深さ16cm)とを備えた箱型スラッシュ成形機を使用して、パウダースラッシュ成形を行った。具体的に、まず、パウダーボックスに塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物2kgを投入するとともに、280℃に加熱したスラッシュ成形用金型をスラッシュ成形機にセットした。次いで、金型が260℃となった時点で、スラッシュ成形機を反転させ、塩化ビニル系樹脂シート(PVCシートとも記す。)の厚みが1.0mmとなるように、塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物を当該金型内に約10~12秒間保持した後、スラッシュ成形機を反転させた。60秒間経過した時点で金型を冷却水で50℃になるまで冷却した。次に、PVCシートを金型から剥がし、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体を得た。
発泡成形用金型(190mm×240mm×11mm)底面に、上記で得られたPVCシートを敷いた。次に、PVCシートの上に、4,4´-ジフェニルメタンージイソシアネートを含むA液36gと、ポリエーテルポリオールを含むB液(トリエチレンジアミン1.0質量%、水1.6質量%含有)78gとを混合して調製された原料液を注ぎ、金型を密閉した。所定の時間後、厚さ約1mmのPVCシート(表皮)と、当該PVCシートに積層された厚さ約9mmの発泡ポリウレタン層(裏打ち材)を有する積層体を金型から回収した。
20質量部のアクリル系重合体A1に代えて、アクリル系重合体A1を10質量部と、ペースト用塩化ビニル系樹脂(塩化ビニル単独重合体、平均重合度1300、平均粒子径10μm、株式会社カネカ製「PSM-31」)を10質量部用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体及び積層体を作製した。
アクリル変性ポリシロキサン(シリコーン・アクリル系ハイブリット樹脂、シリコーン含有量80質量%、アクリル含有量20質量%、平均粒子径30μm、日信化学工業株式会社「シャリーヌ(登録商標)R-181S」)2質量部をさらに添加した後に、70℃で混合した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体及び積層体を作製した。
20質量部のアクリル系重合体A1に代えて、アクリル系重合体A1と、ペースト用塩化ビニル系樹脂(株式会社カネカ製「PSM-31」)を下記表2に示した配合量で用いた以外は、実施例3と同様にして、塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体及び積層体を作製した。
20質量部のアクリル系重合体A1に代えて、アクリル系重合体A1と、ペースト用塩化ビニル系樹脂(株式会社カネカ製「PSM-31」)、ペースト用塩化ビニル系樹脂(塩化ビニル単独重合体、平均重合度1000、平均粒子径10μm、株式会社カネカ製「PSL-31」)を下記表2に示した配合量で用いた以外は、実施例3と同様にして、塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体及び積層体を作製した。
アクリル系重合体A1に代えて、下記表2~表4に示すアクリル系重合体を用いた以外は、実施例6と同様にして、塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体及び積層体を作製した。
前記塩化ビニル系樹脂として、塩化ビニル単独重合体(平均重合度1400、平均粒子径159μm、株式会社カネカ製「S1004D」)を用い、可塑剤の配合量を110質量部に変更した以外は、実施例8と同様にして、塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体及び積層体を作製した。
20質量部のアクリル系重合体A1に代えて、アクリル系重合体A1を7質量部と、ペースト用塩化ビニル系樹脂(株式会社カネカ製「PSM-31」)を13質量部用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体及び積層体を作製した。
可塑剤を125質量部用いた以外は、実施例12と同様にして、粉体成形用塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体及び積層体を作製した。
アクリル系重合体A5に代えて、下記表4に示すアクリル系重合体を用いた以外は、実施例21と同様にして、粉体成形用塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体及び積層体を作製した。
アクリル系重合体A1に代えて、アクリル系重合体A8を用いた以外は、実施例3と同様にして、塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体及び積層体を作製した。
アクリル系重合体A1の配合量を3質量部、ペースト用塩化ビニル系樹脂(株式会社カネカ製「PSM-31」)の配合量を17質量部に変更した以外は、実施例4と同様にして、塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体及び積層体を作製した。
アクリル系重合体A1に代えて、ペースト用塩化ビニル系樹脂(株式会社カネカ製「PSM-31」)を用いた以外は、実施例3と同様にして、塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体及び積層体を作製した。
アクリル系重合体A1に代えて、ペースト用塩化ビニル系樹脂(株式会社カネカ製「PSL-31」)を用いた以外は、実施例3と同様にして、塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体及び積層体を作製した。
可塑剤の配合量を100質量部に変更した以外は、実施例13と同様にして、塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体及び積層体を作製した。
アクリル系重合体A5に代えて、アクリル系重合体A8を用いた以外は、実施例21と同様にして、粉体成形用塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体及び積層体を作製した。
剃刀刃を用いて、塩化ビニル系樹脂成形体の厚さ方向に平行な断面の切片(厚さ約1000μm)を作製し、断面の光学顕微鏡観察とラマン分析を実施した。使用した装置と条件は下記のとおりであった。
<光学顕微鏡>
装置:Nikon製 SMZ-1500
観察条件:観察モード 反射
<顕微ラマン分光分析装置(μラマン)>
装置:HORIBAJY製 LabRam HR-800
分析条件
対物レンズ:×100
ビーム径:1μm
フィルター 試料測定時:D0.6(全エネルギーの1/4),標品測定時:なし
積算時間 試料測定時:10秒,標品測定時:20秒
積算回数 試料測定時:10回,標品測定時:5回
光源 He-Neレーザー 633nm
内径5cmの円筒状セルに塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物40gを充填した後、30℃の恒温槽に入れ加温した。塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物の温度が30℃に上昇した後、1.3kgのピストンと5kgの錘(荷重トータル0.32kgf/cm2)を乗せた。その後、60℃の恒温槽内に2時間保持した。2時間経過後、23℃、50%RHの環境下にて取り出して、1時間冷却して錘とピストンを取り外し、円筒状セルから塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物のケーキを取り出した。得られたケーキの圧壊強度をレオメーター(株式会社レオテック製RT-2010J-CW)で測定し、下記式で付着力を算出した。
付着力(gf/cm2)=2×B/(3.14×R×D)
B:圧壊試験における荷重(N)
R:ケーキの直径(mm)
D:ケーキの厚み(mm)
JIS K 7125:1999に準拠して測定した。具体的には、万能材料試験機(エー・アンド・デイ社製、テンシロン)を使用し、23℃、50%RH(相対湿度)の環境下にて、試験速度100mm/分、垂直荷重1.96N平面圧子仕様で相手材であるNBRゴムシート(黒ゴム)をPVCシートの上を滑らしてその動摩擦力を測定し、動摩擦係数を算出した。動摩擦係数が0.80以下を合格とした。
PVCシートを3号ダンベル形状に打ち抜いて、当該3号ダンベル形状の試料を得た。次いで、この試料の両端を一対のチャック(チャック間距離は40mm)で保持した。そして、-10℃のチャンバー内において、試料を3分間保持した後、引張速度200mm/分にて、引張試験を行い、10%引張応力、破断応力及び破断伸度を測定した。
積層体をオーブンに入れ、125℃で200時間加熱することにより、当該積層体を熱老化させた。その後、積層体からPVCシートを剥がした。そして、剥がされたPVCシートを3号ダンベル形状に打ち抜いて、当該3号ダンベル形状の試料を得た。次いで、この試料の両端を一対のチャック(チャック間距離は40mm)で保持した。そして、-10℃のチャンバー内において、試料を3分間保持した後、引張速度200mm/分にて、引張試験を行い、10%引張応力、破断応力及び破断伸度を測定した。熱老化後の10%引張応力が14.0MPa以下のPVCシートは合格と判断した。
Claims (9)
- 塩化ビニル系樹脂、可塑剤およびアクリル系重合体を含有する塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物のパウダースラッシュ成形体であって、
前記塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物は、塩化ビニル系樹脂100質量部に対し、可塑剤を110質量部以上150質量部以下含有し、
前記塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物は、塩化ビニル系樹脂100質量部に対し、アクリル系重合体を4質量部以上含有し、
前記アクリル系重合体は、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル由来の構成単位を50質量%以上含み、前記(メタ)アクリル酸エステルは、炭素数が2以上の脂肪族アルコールの(メタ)アクリル酸エステル及び芳香族アルコールの(メタ)アクリル酸エステルからなる群から選ばれる一つ以上を含み、
前記パウダースラッシュ成形体の厚さ方向に平行な断面は、光学顕微鏡の反射光で観察した場合、長径が30μm以上500μm以下である不規則な鱗片状の塩化ビニル系樹脂粒子が界面部を介して連なった形状を有し、かつ長径が30μm以上100μm以下であるアクリル系重合体凝集粒子が10個/mm2以下存在しており、
JIS K 7125:1999に準じて測定した動摩擦係数が0.75以下であることを特徴とするパウダースラッシュ成形体。 - 前記パウダースラッシュ成形体の厚さ方向に平行な断面をレーザーラマン分光法で分析した場合、前記界面部のラマンスペクトルには、波数600±5cm-1のアクリル系重合体由来のピークが存在する請求項1に記載のパウダースラッシュ成形体。
- 前記パウダースラッシュ成形体の厚さ方向に平行な断面をレーザーラマン分光法で分析した場合、前記塩化ビニル系樹脂粒子の内部のラマンスペクトルにおける波数666±5cm-1の可塑剤由来のピークの強度が、前記界面部のラマンスペクトルにおける波数666±5cm-1の可塑剤由来のピークの強度より高い請求項1又は2に記載のパウダースラッシュ成形体。
- 前記界面部の厚さが1μm以上20μm以下である請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のパウダースラッシュ成形体。
- 前記(メタ)アクリル酸エステルは、炭素数が2以上の脂肪族アルコールの(メタ)アクリル酸エステルを含む請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のパウダースラッシュ成形体。
- 前記可塑剤が、トリメリット酸エステル系可塑剤を含む請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のパウダースラッシュ成形体。
- 車両内装材用表皮である請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のパウダースラッシュ成形体。
- 発泡ポリウレタン層と、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のパウダースラッシュ成形体とが積層されてなる積層体。
- 車両内装材である請求項8に記載の積層体。
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