JP7132670B2 - 発光材料及びこれを含む有機電界発光素子 - Google Patents
発光材料及びこれを含む有機電界発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7132670B2 JP7132670B2 JP2017077169A JP2017077169A JP7132670B2 JP 7132670 B2 JP7132670 B2 JP 7132670B2 JP 2017077169 A JP2017077169 A JP 2017077169A JP 2017077169 A JP2017077169 A JP 2017077169A JP 7132670 B2 JP7132670 B2 JP 7132670B2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 90
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 109
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 102
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 claims description 90
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 88
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000004431 deuterium atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005549 heteroarylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003077 quantum chemistry computational method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 123
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 11
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
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- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 6
- ABRVLXLNVJHDRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-pyridin-3-yl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl]methanamine Chemical compound FC(C1=CC(=CC(=N1)C=1C=NC=CC=1)CN)(F)F ABRVLXLNVJHDRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000004992 fast atom bombardment mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 4
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ATTVYRDSOVWELU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-diphenylphosphoryl-2-(2-diphenylphosphorylphenoxy)benzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ATTVYRDSOVWELU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 3
- DKHNGUNXLDCATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipyrazino[2,3-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarbonitrile Chemical compound C12=NC(C#N)=C(C#N)N=C2C2=NC(C#N)=C(C#N)N=C2C2=C1N=C(C#N)C(C#N)=N2 DKHNGUNXLDCATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(n-naphthalen-1-ylanilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylnaphthalen-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)C=C1 IBHBKWKFFTZAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- IYZMXHQDXZKNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,1-n-diphenyl-4-n,4-n-bis[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 IYZMXHQDXZKNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C=12C=CC3=C(C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=C(C)N=C3C2=NC(C)=CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IXHWGNYCZPISET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(dicyanomethylidene)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]propanedinitrile Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(=C(C#N)C#N)C(F)=C(F)C1=C(C#N)C#N IXHWGNYCZPISET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZVFQEOPUXVPSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-(4-phenylphenyl)-1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1C(N1C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NN=C1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=C1 ZVFQEOPUXVPSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZMCQQCBOZIGNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-(aminomethyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy-N-[2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)ethyl]benzamide Chemical compound NCC1=CC(OC2=CC=CC(=C2)C(=O)NCCN2C=NC=N2)=NC(=C1)C(F)(F)F ZMCQQCBOZIGNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHDHJYNTEFLIHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=NC2=C1C=CC1=C(C=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CN=C21 DHDHJYNTEFLIHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RPHLDCKUUAGNAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-carbazol-9-ylbenzaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 RPHLDCKUUAGNAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AOQKGYRILLEVJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-naphthalen-1-yl-3,5-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(N1C=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=2)=NN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 AOQKGYRILLEVJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- SAHIZENKTPRYSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-[3-(phenoxymethyl)phenoxy]-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl]methanamine Chemical compound O(C1=CC=CC=C1)CC=1C=C(OC2=NC(=CC(=C2)CN)C(F)(F)F)C=CC=1 SAHIZENKTPRYSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002529 biphenylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C12)* 0.000 description 2
- UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-(4-phenylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC([O-])=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003996 delayed luminescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007648 laser printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IMKMFBIYHXBKRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;quinoline-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Li+].C1=CC=CC2=NC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 IMKMFBIYHXBKRX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001715 oxadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004059 quinone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FGDZQCVHDSGLHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M rubidium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Rb+] FGDZQCVHDSGLHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PCCVSPMFGIFTHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyanoquinodimethane Chemical compound N#CC(C#N)=C1C=CC(=C(C#N)C#N)C=C1 PCCVSPMFGIFTHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- UKSZBOKPHAQOMP-HIBFLRMTSA-N (1z,4e)-1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one;(1e,4e)-1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one;palladium Chemical compound [Pd].C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1/C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 UKSZBOKPHAQOMP-HIBFLRMTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGAVTCVHDMOQTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(B(O)O)=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 JGAVTCVHDMOQTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N (S)-camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BARYQDOQFLJABV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dibromo-7-tert-butylpyrene Chemical compound BrC1=CC(Br)=C2C=CC3=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BARYQDOQFLJABV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004973 1-butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
- SPDPTFAJSFKAMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n-[4-[4-(n-[4-(3-methyl-n-(3-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]anilino)phenyl]phenyl]-4-n,4-n-bis(3-methylphenyl)-1-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 SPDPTFAJSFKAMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006023 1-pentenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LRKYEPWRFINQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(diethoxyphosphoryl)-1,4-dimethylbenzene Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)C1=C(C)C=CC(C)=C1P(=O)(OCC)OCC LRKYEPWRFINQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3,5-bis(1-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl)phenyl]-1-phenylbenzimidazole Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C1C1=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC(C=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GEQBRULPNIVQPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006176 2-ethylbutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- SDTMFDGELKWGFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropan-2-olate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[O-] SDTMFDGELKWGFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRFOFYXSADOBSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-diethylcyclopentene Chemical compound C(C)C1(C=CCC1)CC BRFOFYXSADOBSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CINYXYWQPZSTOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3-[3,5-bis(3-pyridin-3-ylphenyl)phenyl]phenyl]pyridine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC(C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2C=C(C=C(C=2)C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2C=NC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C=CC=2)C=2C=NC=CC=2)=C1 CINYXYWQPZSTOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGGKVJMNFFSDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-n-[4-[4-(n-(3-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 OGGKVJMNFFSDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005917 3-methylpentyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OLCRGWMSBUSOQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-fluorocarbazol-9-yl)benzaldehyde Chemical compound FC=1C=CC=2N(C3=CC=CC=C3C=2C=1)C1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 OLCRGWMSBUSOQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZLCFHIKESPLTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylbiphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZLCFHIKESPLTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWXGSYPUMWKTBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-carbazol-9-yl-n,n-bis(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(N(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 AWXGSYPUMWKTBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004920 4-methyl-2-pentyl group Chemical group CC(CC(C)*)C 0.000 description 1
- ZOKIJILZFXPFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-n-[4-[1-[4-(4-methyl-n-(4-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]cyclohexyl]phenyl]-n-(4-methylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C1(CCCCC1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 ZOKIJILZFXPFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIVZFUBWFAOMCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n-(3-methylphenyl)-1-n,1-n-bis[4-(n-(3-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]-4-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 DIVZFUBWFAOMCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ILMRJRBKQSSXGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl(dimethyl)silicon Chemical group C[Si](C)C(C)(C)C ILMRJRBKQSSXGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MXSVLWZRHLXFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylborane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1B(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MXSVLWZRHLXFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005580 triphenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWHDROKFUHTORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritert-butylphosphane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C BWHDROKFUHTORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TYHJXGDMRRJCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) tin(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[Zn+2].[Sn+4].[In+3] TYHJXGDMRRJCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/56—Ring systems containing three or more rings
- C07D209/80—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed
- C07D209/82—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles
- C07D209/86—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the ring system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/56—Ring systems containing three or more rings
- C07D209/80—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed
- C07D209/82—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles
- C07D209/88—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the ring system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D221/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00
- C07D221/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D221/04—Ortho- or peri-condensed ring systems
- C07D221/06—Ring systems of three rings
- C07D221/08—Aza-anthracenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
- C07F7/081—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te
- C07F7/0812—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te comprising a heterocyclic ring
- C07F7/0814—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te comprising a heterocyclic ring said ring is substituted at a C ring atom by Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
- C07F7/081—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te
- C07F7/0812—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te comprising a heterocyclic ring
- C07F7/0816—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te comprising a heterocyclic ring said ring comprising Si as a ring atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/02—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor
- C09K11/025—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor non-luminescent particle coatings or suspension media
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
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Description
K2≧0.1K1・・・(式1)
前記式1において、K1は所定のn番目の三重項励起状態から最低三重項励起状態を含む低次三重項励起状態への内部転換による無輻射遷移速度の和であり、K2はある所定のn番目の三重項励起状態からn番目の三重項励起状態と隣接する一重項励起状態への逆項間交差遷移速度であり、nは2以上の整数である。K1は1×109s-1以下であってもよい。
Vn<1.5×10-4(原子単位、atomic unit)・・・(式2)
前記式2において、所定のn番目の三重項励起状態に対して定義されるVnは量子化学計算によって計算されたn番目の三重項励起状態及び最低三重項励起状態の間の各基準振動モードに対する非対角振電相互作用定数(Off-diagonal Vibronic Coupling Constant)である。
前記化学式1において、L1は2価の置換若しくは無置換の炭素数2以上10以下のアルケニレン基、又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリーレン基であり、mは0以上3以下の整数であり、mが2以上である場合、複数のL1は互いに同一であるか、或いは異なり、R1~R6は各々独立的に水素原子、重水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、置換若しくは無置換のシリル基、置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1以上20以下のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリール基又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2以上30以下のヘテロアリール基であり、a~fは各々独立的に0以上4以下の整数であり、Y1及びY2は各々独立的に水素原子、重水素原子、置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1以上10以下のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリール基、又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2以上30以下のヘテロアリール基である。
前記化学式2において、L2及びL3は各々独立的に置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリーレン基であり、t及びuは各々独立的に0又は1であり、Z1及びZ2は各々独立的に単結合、CR11R12又はSiR13R14であり、R7~R14は各々独立的に水素原子、重水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1以上20以下のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリール基、又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2以上30以下のヘテロアリール基であるか、或は隣接する基と結合して環を形成し、g~jは各々独立的に0以上4以下の整数であり、Pyは下記の化学式3で表わされる。
前記化学式3において、W1~W10の中で2つはL2及びL3と結合する部位であり、残りは各々独立的に水素原子、重水素原子、置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1以上20以下のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリール基、又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2以上30以下のヘテロアリール基である。
前記化学式4乃至6において、X1~X4は各々独立的にO、S、CRaRb又はSiRcRdであり、Ra~Rd及びZ1~Z15は各々独立的に水素原子、重水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1以上20以下のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリール基、又は置換若しくは無置換環形成炭素数2以上30以下のヘテロアリール基であり、g及びsは各々独立的に0又は1であり、q1~q15は各々独立的に0以上4以下の整数であり、L4は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリーレン基又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2以上30以下のヘテロアリーレン基であり、rは1又は2である。
K2≧0.1K1・・・(式1)
IQE=0.25+0.75xK2/(K1+K2)・・・(式3)
Vn<1.5×10-4(原子単位、atom unit)・・・(式2)
化学式1において、L1は2価の置換若しくは無置換のアルケニレン基、又は置換若しく無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリーレン基であり、mは0以上3以下の整数であり、mが2以上である場合、複数のL1は互いに同一であってもよく、或いは異なっていてもよい。R1~R6は各々独立的に水素原子、重水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、置換若しくは無置換のシリル基、置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1以上20以下のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリール基又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2以上30以下のヘテロアリール基であり、a~fは各々独立的に0以上4以下の整数であり、Y1及びY2は各々独立的に水素原子、重水素原子、置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1以上10以下のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリール基、又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2以上30以下のヘテロアリール基である。
化学式1-1において、R1~R6、a~f、Y1、Y2、及びmは前述した化学式1におけるL1、R1~R6、a~f、Y1、Y2、及びmと同一である。
化学式1-2におい、L1、R1~R6、a~f、Y1、Y2、及びmは前述した化学式1におけるL1、R1~R6、a~f、Y1、Y2、及びmと同一である。
本発明の一実施形態に係る発光材料に含まれる第1化合物は、例えば下記のように合成することができる。但し、合成方法がこれに限定されるわけではない。
8.13gの(4-(Carbazol-9-yl)benzaldehyde)、5.67gのp-Xylylenediphosphonic Acid Tetraethyl EsterをTHF溶媒250mlに溶解させ、0.05Mに調整したtert-potassium butoxideのTHF溶液を撹拌しながら、室温で6時間かけて滴下した。生成された沈殿物を濾過し、水100ml、エタノール300mlの順に洗い、黄色化合物を7.75g(収率84%)を得た。生成された黄色化合物のFAB-MS分析結果は下記の通りである。
分析結果を通じて、黄色化合物が化合物1-1であることを確認した。
化合物1-1の合成方法における(4-(Carbazol-9-yl)benzaldehyde)の代わりに8.69gの4-(3-Fluorocarbazol-9-yl)benzaldehydeを使用したことを除いて化合物1-1の合成方法と同一の方法で合成して、黄色化合物7.70g(収率80%)を得た。生成された黄色化合物のFAB-MS分析結果は下記の通りである。
分析結果を通じて、黄色化合物が化合物1-4であることを確認した。
アルゴン(Ar)雰囲気下で、3.0gの9H-carbazole 3.27g、4、4”-dibromostilbene、0.56gのPalladium(0)Bis(dibenzylideneacetone)、5.11gのnatrium-tert-butoxideに30mlのtoluene、tri(tert-buthyl)phosphineの2Mtoluene溶液0.7mlを順に加え、5時間加熱還流した。室温まで冷却して析出した結晶を濾過し、水50ml、エタノール100mlの順に洗って黄色化合物3g(収率61%)を得た。生成された黄色化合物のFAB-MS分析結果は下記の通りである。
分析結果を通じて、黄色化合物が化合物1-14であることを確認した。
1.6gの4-(9-carbazolyl)phenylboronic acid、1.13gの1、3-Dibromo-7-tert-butylpyrene、0.35gのtetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0)、2.5gのPotassium Phosphate、水10ml、THF150mlを12時間refluxした後、室温になるまで置いた。析出した結晶を濾過し、エタノール、水、アセトンの順に洗って乾燥させ、淡黄色結晶1.2g(収率48%)を得た。淡黄色結晶のFAB-MS分析結果は下記の通りである。
分析結果を通じて、淡黄色結晶が化合物2-1であることを確認した。
化合物1-1、1-4、1-14及び下記の比較例C-1、C-2の最低一重項励起状態エネルギー、n番目の三重項励起状態エネルギー及び発光に寄与する三重項励起状態エネルギー準位との非対角振電相互作用定数(off-diagonal vibronic coupling constant)を整理して下記の表1に示した。下記の表1には各化合物を発光層に含んだ素子の最大外部量子収率も記載されている。
化合物1-1、1-4、及び1-14を発光層のドーパント材料として使用して実施例1~3の有機電界発光素子を製作した。実施例1でホスト材料のみが異なるようにして比較例1の有機電界発光素子を製作した。下記の化合物TPBe、前述の比較例化合物C-1及びC-2を使用して比較例2~4の有機電界発光素子を製作した。
EL1 第1電極
HTR 正孔輸送領域
EML 発光層
ETR 電子輸送領域
EL2 第2電極
Claims (14)
- 下記の式1を満たす第1化合物と、
第2化合物と、
を含む発光材料であって、
前記式1において、
K1は所定のn番目の三重項励起状態から最低三重項励起状態を含む低次三重項励起状態への内部転換による遷移速度であり、
K2はある前記n番目の三重項励起状態から前記n番目の三重項励起状態と隣接する一重項励起状態への逆項間交差遷移速度であり、
nは2以上の整数であり、
前記第1化合物が下記の化学式1で表わされ、
K2≧0.1K1・・・(式1)
前記第2化合物は下記の化学式4~6の中のいずれか1つで表わされる、発光材料。
(前記化学式1において、
L1は2価の置換若しくは無置換の炭素数2以上10以下のアルケニレン基、又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリーレン基であり、
mは0以上3以下の整数であり、
mが2以上である場合、複数のL1は互いに同一であるか、或いは異なり、
R1~R6は各々独立的に水素原子、重水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、置換若しくは無置換のシリル基、置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1以上20以下のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリール基、又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2以上30以下のヘテロアリール基であり、
a~fは各々独立的に0以上4以下の整数であり、
a~fが各々0であり、且つmが1である場合、(L1)mは2価のビフェニリレン基及び2価のエチレン基を含まず、a~fが各々0であり、且つmが2である場合、(L1)mは2価の無置換のビフェニリレン基及び2価の無置換のエチレン基を含まず、a~fが各々0であり、且つmが3である場合、(L1)mは2価の無置換のフェニレン基及び2価の無置換のエチレン基を含まず、
Y1及びY2は各々独立的に水素原子、重水素原子、置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1以上10以下のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリール基、又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2以上30以下のヘテロアリール基である。)
(前記化学式4~6において、
X 1 ~X 4 は各々独立的に単結合、O、S、CRaRb又はSiRcRdであり、
Ra~Rd及びZ 1 ~Z 15 は各々独立的に水素原子、重水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1以上20以下のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリール基、又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2以上30以下のヘテロアリール基であり、
g及びsは各々独立的に0又は1であり、
rは1又は2であり、
q1~q15は各々独立的に0以上4以下の整数であり、
L 4 は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリーレン基又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2以上30以下のヘテロアリーレン基である。) - 前記K1が1×109s-1以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発光材料。
- 前記第1化合物が下記の式2をさらに満たすことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発光材料。
Vn<1.5x10 -4 (原子単位、atomic unit)・・・(式2)
前記式2において、前記n番目の三重項励起状態に対して定義されるVnは量子化学計算によって計算された前記n番目の三重項励起状態及び最低三重項励起状態の間の各基準振動モードに対する非対角振電相互作用定数のうちの最大値である。 - 最大発光波長が480nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発光材料。
- 前記第2化合物の最低三重項励起エネルギー準位は前記第1化合物の最低一重項励起エネルギー準位より高いことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発光材料。
- 一重項状態から基底状態への遷移に基づいた発光メカニズムを有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の発光材料。
- 第1電極と、
前記第1電極上に提供された正孔輸送領域と、
前記正孔輸送領域上に提供された発光層と、
前記発光層上に提供された電子輸送領域と、
前記電子輸送領域上に提供された第2電極と、を含み、
前記発光層は、ホスト及びドーパントを含み、
前記ドーパントは、下記の式1を満たす第1化合物であり、
前記第1化合物は、下記の化学式1で表わされ、
前記ホストは、下記の化学式4~6の中でいずれか1つで表わされる第2化合物である、有機電界発光素子。
K2≧0.1K1・・・(式1)
(前記式1において、
K1は所定のn番目の三重項励起状態から最低三重項励起状態を含む低次三重項励起状態への内部転換による遷移速度であり、
K2はある前記n番目の三重項励起状態から前記n番目の三重項励起状態と隣接する一重項励起状態への逆系間交差遷移速度であり、
nは2以上の整数である。)
(前記化学式1において、
L1は2価の置換若しくは無置換の炭素数2以上10以下のアルケニレン基又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6~30のアリーレン基であり、
mは0~3の整数であり、
mが2以上である場合、複数のL1は互いに同一であるか、或いは異なり、
R1~R6は各々独立的に水素原子、重水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、置換若しくは無置換のシリル基、置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1以上20以下のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリール基又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2以上30以下のヘテロアリール基であり、
a~fは各々独立的に0以上4以下の整数であり、
a~fが各々0であり、且つmが1である場合、(L 1 )mは2価のビフェニリレン基及び2価のエチレン基を含まず、a~fが各々0であり、且つmが2である場合、(L 1 )mは2価の無置換のビフェニリレン基及び2価の無置換のエチレン基を含まず、a~fが各々0であり、且つmが3である場合、(L 1 )mは2価の無置換のフェニレン基及び2価の無置換のエチレン基を含まず、
Y1及びY2は各々独立的に水素原子、重水素原子、置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1以上10以下のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリール基、又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2以上30以下のヘテロアリール基である。)
(前記化学式4~6において、
X 1 ~X 4 は各々独立的に単結合、O、S、CRaRb又はSiRcRdであり、
Ra~Rd及びZ 1 ~Z 15 は各々独立的に水素原子、重水素原子、ハロゲン原子、置換若しくは無置換の炭素数1以上20以下のアルキル基、置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリール基、又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2以上30以下のヘテロアリール基であり、
g及びsは各々独立的に0又は1であり、
rは1又は2であり、
q1~q15は各々独立的に0以上4以下の整数であり、
L 4 は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数6以上30以下のアリーレン基又は置換若しくは無置換の環形成炭素数2以上30以下のヘテロアリーレン基である。) - 前記K1が1×109s-1以下であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記第1化合物が下記の式2をさらに満たすことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の有機電界発光素子。
Vn<1.5×10-4(原子単位、atom unit)・・・(式2)
前記式2において、
Vnは前記所定のn番目の三重項励起状態に対して定義される量子化学計算によって計算されたn番目の三重項励起状態及び最低三重項励起状態の間の各基準振動モードに対する非対角振電相互作用定数のうちの最大値である。 - 前記発光層の最大発光波長が480nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記ホストの最低三重項励起エネルギー準位は、前記ドーパントの最低一重項励起エネルギー準位より高いことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 前記発光層は蛍光発光層であり、
最大外部量子収率が5%以上であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の有機電界発光素子。
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