JP6921287B1 - クラッチ装置及び衝突緩和機構 - Google Patents
クラッチ装置及び衝突緩和機構 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6921287B1 JP6921287B1 JP2020149490A JP2020149490A JP6921287B1 JP 6921287 B1 JP6921287 B1 JP 6921287B1 JP 2020149490 A JP2020149490 A JP 2020149490A JP 2020149490 A JP2020149490 A JP 2020149490A JP 6921287 B1 JP6921287 B1 JP 6921287B1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
- F16D23/12—Mechanical clutch-actuating mechanisms arranged outside the clutch as such
- F16D2023/126—Actuation by rocker lever; Rocker levers therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
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- Control Of Driving Devices And Active Controlling Of Vehicle (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
a,アクセルペダルが踏まれて、アクセルスイッチ302がONのときは(ステップS10のYes)、アクセルペダル操作による加減速を行う必要があると考えられるので、駆動力を伝達する必要があり、空走機構100をONとする。すなわち、空走機構100をONとする制御信号が、ECU320から空走制御アクチュエータ166に対して出力され、空走機構100はONとなって(ステップS24)、図1(A)に示したように、駆動力が伝達されるようになる。
b,車速センサ304により、加速中であることが検出されているときも(ステップS12のYes)、同様に駆動力を伝達する必要があり、空走機構100をONとする。
c,ブレーキペダルが踏まれて、ブレーキスイッチがONのときは(ステップS14のYes)、空走は危険であると考えられるので、空走機構100をONとする。
d,ハンドル舵角センサ308により、ハンドルが左もしくは右に切られているときは(ステップS16のYes)、道路がカーブしており、同様に空走すると危険であると考えられるので、空走機構100をONとする。
e,変速位置スイッチ310により、シフトレバーがトップ以外に入っていることが検知されたときは(ステップS18のNo)、加速ないし減速の途中にあると考えられるので、駆動力を伝達する必要があり、空走機構100をONとする。
f,前方障害物感知センサ312により、前方に障害物が検知されたときは(ステップS20のYes)、減速するか、ハンドルを切る必要があり、空走は危険であると考えられるので、空走機構100をONとする。
g,路面角度センサ314により、前方の路面が上り坂ないし下り坂になっていることが検知されたときは(ステップS22のYes)、加速するか、エンジンブレーキをかける必要があって、空走は危険であると考えらえられるので、空走機構100をONとする。
a,空走機構100のON・OFF切替時の衝撃が軽減される。
b,緊急時において自動車を停止させることができ、自動ブレーキとして機能する。
といった効果が得られる。
a,衝突を検知すると、急減速して自動車を停止させる。
b,停止後、今度は自動車を後退させる。
c,数秒間後退した後、再び自動車を停止させる。
これにより、自動車は、衝突した時点から急ブレーキがかかり、更に多少バックして停止することになり、更なる衝突事故の拡大が低減されるようになり、衝突による被害が緩和される。
次に、本実施例の全体動作を説明する。図20には、その様子が示されている。なお、動作状態を示す図15〜図19において、太線が駆動力の伝達経路を示している。
(1)低速・低回転大トルク時:この場合、図15に示すように、空走機構100はON,衝撃軽減機構501はON,衝突緩和機構800は走行状態となっている。すなわち、空走機構100をONとしたときの衝撃が軽減された状態で、走行が行われる。
(2)中速・中回転時:図16に示すように、空走機構100はON,衝撃軽減機構501は連結ギア部650の作用によりスライド体530がスライドし、入力側がONで出力側がOFFとなっており、衝突緩和機構800は走行状態となっている。すなわち、図7(A)と(B)の中間の状態となっており、衝撃を緩和しつつ、加速が行われる。
(3)高速・高回転時:図17に示すように、空走機構100はON,衝撃軽減機構501はOFF,衝突緩和機構800は走行状態となっている。
(4)慣性及び回生発電時:図18に示すように、空走機構100はOFF,衝撃軽減機構501はON,衝突緩和機構800は回生動作状態となっている。すなわち、空走機構100がOFFとなったことの衝撃が衝撃軽減機構501で緩和される。一方、従動シャフト154の回転は、回生・後退モーター864に伝達されて回生・発電が行われ、出力軸14の回転数が低下して、やがて停止する。
(5)衝撃緩和逆回転時:図19に示すように、空走機構100はOFF,衝撃軽減機構501はON,衝突緩和機構800は逆転状態となっている。すなわち、回生・後退モーター864が回転を開始し、出力軸14が逆回転するようになる。衝撃軽減機構501がONとなっていることから、逆回転開始の衝撃が軽減される。そして、一定時間の逆転による後退の後、自動車は停止する。
(1)前記実施例で示した外側ロータ110の磁石112や、内側ロータ150の磁石152としては、Nd-Fe-B(ネオジム-鉄-ホウ素)磁石などの希土類磁石が好適な例であるが、各種の磁石を使用してよい。
(2)前記実施例では、内側ロータ150の周囲に複数の外側ロータ110を設けたが、外側ロータ110を円筒状に形成し、その内側に磁石を配置するようにしてもよい。また、外側ロータ110と内側ロータ150のいずれをエンジン130側に接続するかも任意である。
(3)前記実施例で示した空走制御アクチュエータ166その他のアクチュエータとしては、電気式,油圧式など、各種の公知の技術を用いてよい。
(4)前記実施例で示した各種スイッチとON,OFFの関係は逆であってもよい。例えば、前記例では、アクセルペダルが踏まれたときにアクセルスイッチ302がONとなるようにしたが、逆にアクセルペダルが踏まれたときにアクセルスイッチ302をOFFとしても、アクセルペダルが踏まれているかどうかを検知することができる。他のスイッチについても同様である。
(5)前記実施例では、自動車全体の動作を制御するECU320に空走制御プログラム322等を設けたが、別途制御装置を設けるようにしてもよい。
(6)図5に示したフローチャートも一例であり、安全に空走可能な状況を検知できれば、各種の手順を適用してよい。例えば、道路の傾斜がわずかな場合や、多少のカーブがあるような場合は、空走しても差支えないものと考えられる。
(7)本発明の空走機構等を、自動車が本来備えているクラッチ機構200やミッション機構202に内装するようにしてもよい。
(8)前記実施例3もしくは4において、前記高負荷ボールクラッチ810のスライド体830のスライド方向(図10の右方向)が自動車の進行方向と一致していると、衝突時にスライド体830がスライドしやすくなり、前記高負荷ボールクラッチ810がOFFになりやすいという利点がある。
(9)前記実施例では、衝突検知センサ874によって衝突を検知したが、前方カメラないし赤外線センサによって検知するようにしてもよい。
(10)衝突時の車両の横転による傾きやスピンをジャイロセンサで検知し、ABS(アンチロック・ブレーキ・システム)ブレーキを作動させるようにしてもよい。
(11)本発明は、自動車が好適な適用例であるが、電車,船舶など、各種の移動体に適用してよい。
14:出力軸
20:クラッチ装置
100:空走機構
110:外側ロータ
112,152:磁石
114:回転軸
120:ギア機構
130:エンジン
132:駆動シャフト
134:主ギア
136:従ギア
150:内側ロータ
154:従動シャフト
155:出力シャフト
156:摩擦材
160:スライド機構
162:レバー
164:バネ
166:空走制御アクチュエータ
200:クラッチ機構
202:ミッション機構
204:車軸
230:モータ
300:空走制御装置
302:アクセルスイッチ
304:車速センサ
306:ブレーキスイッチ
308:ハンドル舵角センサ
310:変速位置スイッチ
312:前方障害物感知センサ
314:路面角度センサ
320:ECU
322:空走制御プログラム
500,501:衝撃軽減機構
510:回転盤
512:回転制御ギア
514,516,517:凹部
520,530:スライド体
522,532:腕
522C,532C:支点
524,534:ローラ
526,536:レバー
600:リバース駆動部
602:リバースモーター
604:リバースクラッチ
606:制御駆動ギア
610:アクセルレバー
650:連結ギア部
652,654:ギア
656:駆動ギア
700:エアバックセンサ
702:ジャイロセンサ
704:車間レーダ
706:ABSアクチュエータ
722:衝撃軽減プログラム
800:衝突緩和機構
810:高負荷ボールクラッチ
820:駆動力伝達環
822:入力側伝達環
822A,824A:ボールレール
824:出力側伝達環
830:スライド体
832,834:環状ボール保持部
832A,834A:ボール
832B,834B:バネ
836:衝突緩和レバー
838:ボールクラッチアクチュエータ
840:慣性吸収ギア機構
842,844:ギア
844A:回転軸
846,848:ギア
850:逆転用高負荷多板クラッチ
852:逆転レバー
854:多板クラッチアクチュエーター
860:逆転機構
861,862:ギア
864:回生・後退モーター
866:ギア
870:衝突緩和制御装置
872:ECU
874:衝突検知センサ
876:衝突緩和プログラム
Claims (7)
- 車両の衝突時の被害を緩和する衝突緩和機構であって、
車両が衝突したことを検知する衝突検知手段,
この衝突検知手段によって衝突が検知されたときに、駆動源による駆動力の伝達を遮断するクラッチ手段,
車両を急減速して停止する減速停止手段,
この減速停止手段によって車両が停止した後に、車両を後退して停止する後退手段,
前記衝突検知手段によって衝突が検知されたときに、前記減速停止手段によって車両を急減速して停止するとともに、車両が停止した後に、前記後退手段によって車両を後退して停止する衝突緩和制御手段,
を備えたことを特徴とする衝突緩和機構。 - 前記減速停止手段が、前記車両の慣性を吸収する回生手段であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の衝突緩和機構。
- 前記後退手段をモーター手段によって構成し、このモーター手段を逆回転することで、前記回生手段としたことを特徴とする請求項2記載の衝突緩和機構。
- 入力側の動力の出力側への伝達をON,OFFする空走機構と、前記ON,OFFを制御する空走制御装置を含むクラッチ装置であって、
前記空走機構は、
複数の磁石が交互の極性となるように配列された入力側ロータ及び出力側ロータと、
前記入力側ロータを、前記出力側ロータの外周に複数設けるとともに、動力が入力される入力軸の動力を前記複数の入力側ロータに伝達する動力伝達機構と、
ON時は、前記入力側ロータの磁石と出力側ロータの磁石との間に生ずる磁力によって入力側ロータの回転を出力側ロータに伝達し、OFF時は、前記入力側ロータの磁石と出力側ロータの磁石との間に磁力が生じないように、少なくとも一方のロータをスライドさせるスライド手段と、
を備えており、
前記空走制御装置は、
車両の走行状態や道路の状態を検知するセンサ手段と、
このセンサ手段による検知結果に基づいて、安全に空走可能かどうかを判断して、対応する空走制御信号を前記スライド手段に出力する空走制御手段と、
を備えていることを特徴とするクラッチ装置。 - 前記センサ手段は、
アクセルペダルが踏まえているかどうかを検知するアクセルスイッチ,
車速を検知する車速センサ,
ブレーキペダルが踏まえているかどうかを検知するブレーキスイッチ,
ハンドルが切られているかどうかを検知するハンドル舵角センサ,
シフトレバーの位置を検知する変速位置スイッチ,
前方の障害物の有無を検知する前方障害物感知センサ,
路面の傾斜を検知する路面角度センサ,
のうちの少なくとも一つを備えていることを特徴とする請求項4記載のクラッチ装置。 - 前記空走制御手段は、前記センサ手段の検知結果を参照して、空走を安全に行うことが可能かどうかを判断し、可能と判断したときは、前記スライド手段を駆動して空走を行うことを特徴とする請求項4又は5記載のクラッチ装置。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の衝突緩和機構であって、
前記クラッチ手段として、請求項4〜6のいずれか一項に記載のクラッチ装置を使用したことを特徴とする衝突緩和機構。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2020149490A JP6921287B1 (ja) | 2020-09-04 | 2020-09-04 | クラッチ装置及び衝突緩和機構 |
JP2021106240A JP2022043988A (ja) | 2020-09-04 | 2021-06-28 | クラッチ装置及び衝突緩和機構 |
US17/463,884 US20220073061A1 (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2021-09-01 | Clutch device and collision mitigation mechanism |
EP21194479.8A EP3964412A1 (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2021-09-02 | Clutch device and collision mitigation mechanism |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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JPS446843Y1 (ja) * | 1966-05-31 | 1969-03-13 | ||
US5456345A (en) * | 1994-03-23 | 1995-10-10 | Twin Disc Incorporated | Self-adjusting clutch mechanism |
JP2001082507A (ja) * | 1999-09-17 | 2001-03-27 | Okitako Shoji:Kk | 磁石を使用した動力伝達のクラッチ機構 |
US6682430B2 (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2004-01-27 | Magnadrive Corporation | Adjustable magnetic coupler |
JP4627142B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-03 | 2011-02-09 | 富士通テン株式会社 | 衝突予防制御装置 |
JP2005264982A (ja) * | 2004-03-16 | 2005-09-29 | Atsuo Nozaki | 遊星伝導変速装置及びそのトルク制御方法 |
JP2007085477A (ja) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-04-05 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 磁気結合式回転動力伝達装置 |
JP4743121B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-29 | 2011-08-10 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 車両の衝突時ブレーキ配分制御装置 |
WO2008085931A2 (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2008-07-17 | Magnetic Torque International, Ltd. | Magnetic planetary gear system and apparatus using the same |
FR2965236B1 (fr) * | 2010-09-28 | 2013-08-09 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede de freinage automatique d'un vehicule automobile |
JP5747511B2 (ja) * | 2011-01-07 | 2015-07-15 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | 惰行制御装置 |
JP5772951B2 (ja) * | 2011-05-12 | 2015-09-02 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両 |
US8483945B2 (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-07-09 | Richie HERINK | Method for reducing the energy absorbed by a vehicle in a collision and a system for implementing the method |
JP2014109375A (ja) | 2012-12-04 | 2014-06-12 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 電磁クラッチ |
JP6551648B2 (ja) * | 2014-12-19 | 2019-07-31 | 三菱ふそうトラック・バス株式会社 | 車両の走行制御装置 |
JP6515040B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-19 | 2019-05-15 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 車両制御装置 |
US10300907B2 (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2019-05-28 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Deceleration control in a hybrid vehicle |
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