JP6888570B2 - 内燃機関 - Google Patents
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- JP6888570B2 JP6888570B2 JP2018041048A JP2018041048A JP6888570B2 JP 6888570 B2 JP6888570 B2 JP 6888570B2 JP 2018041048 A JP2018041048 A JP 2018041048A JP 2018041048 A JP2018041048 A JP 2018041048A JP 6888570 B2 JP6888570 B2 JP 6888570B2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/12—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with compression ignition
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- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
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- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
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- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
- F02B23/0648—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition
- F02B23/0651—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition the fuel spray impinging on reflecting surfaces or being specially guided throughout the combustion space
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- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
- F02B23/0654—Thermal treatments, e.g. with heating elements or local cooling
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- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
- F02B23/0666—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray having a single fuel spray jet per injector nozzle
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- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
- F02B23/0669—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray having multiple fuel spray jets per injector nozzle
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- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
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- F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
- F02D35/028—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the combustion timing or phasing
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- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
- F02D41/3017—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used
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- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
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- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/402—Multiple injections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/402—Multiple injections
- F02D41/403—Multiple injections with pilot injections
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- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
- F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/161—Means for adjusting injection-valve lift
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/1813—Discharge orifices having different orientations with respect to valve member direction of movement, e.g. orientations being such that fuel jets emerging from discharge orifices collide with each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1853—Orifice plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/12—Other methods of operation
- F02B2075/125—Direct injection in the combustion chamber for spark ignition engines, i.e. not in pre-combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
- F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
燃料噴射ノズルは、噴孔から噴射される燃料噴霧の噴霧角を調整可能に構成されている。燃料噴射ノズルは、パイロット噴射において噴孔から噴射された燃料噴霧の一部がダクトの内壁面に直接付着するような噴霧角に調整されている。
燃料噴射ノズルは、先端部に噴孔を有するボディと、ボディの内部を軸方向に移動可能に収容されたニードル弁と、ニードル弁の着座位置からのリフト量を調整するアクチュエータと、を含んで構成されている。燃料噴射ノズルは、ニードル弁の着座位置からのリフト量が小さいほど、噴孔からの燃料噴射の噴射角が拡大するように構成されている。そして、制御装置は、指標値に応じてアクチュエータを操作するように構成されている。
制御装置は、指標値がダクトの温度の高温領域に対応する領域に属する場合には、低温領域に対応する領域に属する場合に比べて、パイロット噴射におけるリフト量の最大値を下げるようにアクチュエータを操作する。
制御装置は、指標値がダクトの温度の高温領域に対応する領域に属する場合には、低温領域に対応する領域に属する場合に比べて、パイロット噴射におけるリフト量の最大値までの上昇速度又は最大値からの下降速度を下げるようにアクチュエータを操作する。
制御装置は、指標値がダクトの温度の高温領域に対応する領域に属する場合には、低温領域に対応する領域に属する場合に比べて、パイロット噴射におけるリフト量の最大値の期間を短くするとともにパイロット噴射の回数を増やすようにアクチュエータを操作する。
また、第1の発明によれば、ダクトの温度が高い場合には、低い場合に比べてパイロット噴射においてダクトの内壁面に直接付着する燃料付着量が増量される。これにより、ダクトの温度が高いほど潜熱による冷却度合を高めることができるので、ダクトの冷却の最適化を図ることができる。
実施の形態1について図を参照して説明する。
図1は、実施の形態1に係る内燃機関の燃焼室の内部構造を下面側から模式的に透視した図である。また、図2は、図1中の内燃機関をA−A線で切断して内部構造を側面側から模式的に透視した図である。実施の形態1の内燃機関2は、複数気筒を備えた圧縮自着火式の内燃機関(以下、単に「エンジン」と称する)である。なお、図1及び図2では、エンジン2が備える複数の気筒のうちの1つの気筒の内部構造を示している。
圧縮自着火式のエンジン2では、燃焼室8内に充填された空気が圧縮された状態で、燃料噴射ノズル16から燃料が噴射される。噴射された燃料噴霧は、充填空気と混合されて燃料濃度の均質化が進められた後、自着火による燃焼が行われることが好ましい。しかしながら、例えば、ダクト20を備えていない構成では、燃料噴射ノズル16から噴射された燃料噴霧が、燃焼室8の熱を受けて逸早く過熱し、充填空気と十分に混合される前に自着火してしまうおそれがある。この場合、過濃燃料が燃焼することによるスモークの発生や、後燃え期間が長期化することによる熱効率の低下が問題となる。
次に、フローチャートを参照して、上述した構成を備える実施の形態1のエンジン2の制御装置100において実行される制御の具体的処理について説明する。図8は、実施の形態1のエンジンにおいて実行される制御ルーチンを示すフローチャートである。なお、図8に示すルーチンは、エンジン2の運転中に所定の制御周期で制御装置100によって繰り返し実行される。
実施の形態1のエンジン2は、以下のように変形した形態を採用してもよい。
[実施の形態2の特徴]
次に、本発明の実施の形態2について説明する。実施の形態2のエンジンは、図1に示すハードウェア構成を用いて、制御装置100に後述する図12のフローチャートを実行させることにより実現することができる。
次に、フローチャートを参照して、上述した構成を備える実施の形態2のエンジン2の制御装置100において実行される制御の具体的処理について説明する。図12は、実施の形態2のエンジンにおいて実行される制御ルーチンを示すフローチャートである。なお、図12に示すルーチンは、エンジン2の運転中に所定の制御周期で制御装置100によって繰り返し実行される。
実施の形態1のエンジン2は、以下のように変形した形態を採用してもよい。
4 シリンダヘッド
6 シリンダブロック
8 燃焼室
12 吸気バルブ
14 排気バルブ
16 燃料噴射ノズル
161 ボディ
162 ニードル弁
163 サック部
164 噴孔
165 シート部
166 燃料供給流路
167 先端部
168 本体部
169 アクチュエータ
20 ダクト
202 入口
204 出口
42 天面部
44 ボルト
46 取付穴
48 ダクト支持体
50 エアフローメータ
52 クランク角センサ
54 アクセルポジションセンサ
62 シリンダボア
100 制御装置
102 入出力インタフェース
104 メモリ
Claims (6)
- 圧縮された燃焼室に燃料を噴射することにより燃焼を行う圧縮自着火式の内燃機関において、
燃料を噴射する噴孔が前記内燃機関のシリンダヘッドから前記燃焼室へ露出するように設けられた燃料噴射ノズルと、
入口及び出口が前記燃焼室に露出した中空のダクトと、を備え、
前記ダクトは、前記燃料噴射ノズルの前記噴孔から噴射された燃料噴霧が前記入口から前記出口へ通過するように設けられ、
前記燃料噴射ノズル及び前記ダクトは、メイン噴射の前に行われるパイロット噴射において前記噴孔から噴射された燃料噴霧の一部が前記ダクトの内壁面に直接付着するように構成され、
前記パイロット噴射において前記ダクトに直接付着する燃料付着量を調整する制御装置を更に備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記ダクトの温度の指標となる指標値を取得し、
前記指標値が前記ダクトの温度の高温領域に対応する領域に属する場合には、低温領域に対応する領域に属する場合に比べて、前記燃料付着量を増量するように構成されている
ことを特徴とする内燃機関。 - 前記燃料噴射ノズルは、前記噴孔から噴射される燃料噴霧の噴霧角を調整可能に構成され、
前記燃料噴射ノズルは、前記パイロット噴射において前記噴孔から噴射された燃料噴霧の一部が前記ダクトの内壁面に直接付着するような噴霧角に調整されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内燃機関。 - 前記燃料噴射ノズルは、
先端部に前記噴孔を有するボディと、
前記ボディの内部を軸方向に移動可能に収容されたニードル弁と、
前記ニードル弁の着座位置からのリフト量を調整するアクチュエータと、を含んで構成され、
前記燃料噴射ノズルは、前記ニードル弁の着座位置からのリフト量が小さいほど、前記噴孔からの燃料噴射の噴射角が拡大するように構成され、
前記制御装置は、前記指標値に応じて前記アクチュエータを操作するように構成されることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の内燃機関。 - 前記制御装置は、前記指標値が前記ダクトの温度の前記高温領域に対応する領域に属する場合には、前記低温領域に対応する領域に属する場合に比べて、前記パイロット噴射における前記リフト量の最大値を下げるように前記アクチュエータを操作することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の内燃機関。
- 前記制御装置は、前記指標値が前記ダクトの温度の前記高温領域に対応する領域に属する場合には、前記低温領域に対応する領域に属する場合に比べて、前記パイロット噴射における前記リフト量の最大値までの上昇速度又は前記最大値からの下降速度を下げるように前記アクチュエータを操作することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の内燃機関。
- 前記制御装置は、前記指標値が前記ダクトの温度の前記高温領域に対応する領域に属する場合には、前記低温領域に対応する領域に属する場合に比べて、前記パイロット噴射における前記リフト量の最大値の期間を短くするとともに前記パイロット噴射の回数を増やすように前記アクチュエータを操作することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の内燃機関。
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EP19151028.8A EP3536926B1 (en) | 2018-03-07 | 2019-01-09 | Internal combustion engine |
BR102019000555-6A BR102019000555A2 (pt) | 2018-03-07 | 2019-01-11 | Motor de combustão interna |
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RU2716937C1 (ru) | 2020-03-17 |
EP3536926A1 (en) | 2019-09-11 |
CN110242399B (zh) | 2021-04-20 |
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