JP6767347B2 - Pd−l1によって誘導される免疫寛容の低減 - Google Patents
Pd−l1によって誘導される免疫寛容の低減 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、「Modified Cell and Uses thereof」と題された2015年3月2日出願の米国特許仮出願第62/126,804号の優先権を主張するものであり、当該出願はその全体が参照により本明細書に組み入れられる。
MAGE A1、HLA−A2 NY−ESO−1、PSC1、葉酸受容体−α、CD44v7/8、8H9、NCAM、VEGF受容体、5T4、Fetal AchR、NKG2Dリガンド、CD44v6、TEM1、TEM8、又は腫瘍により発現されるウイルス関連抗原を含む。
受容体ポリペプチドであって、該受容体ポリペプチドは、プログラム細胞死タンパク質1(PD−1)受容体ポリペプチド、細胞傷害性Tリンパ球関連タンパク質4(CTLA−4)受容体ポリペプチド、又はB−及びT−リンパ球アテニュエータ(BTLA)受容体の少なくとも1つである;並びに、抗原に結合する特異的抗体の抗原認識ドメイン及び細胞内ドメイン又は改変型若しくはワイド型のT細胞受容体を含むキメラ抗原受容体(CAR)を発現するように遺伝子改変された細胞である。
じ参照番号の使用は、類似又は同一の項目を示す。
本開示は、CAR T細胞に基づく療法において、PD−L1によって誘導される免疫寛容が、これらのT細胞における遺伝子改変PD−1の発現によって低下し得るという発見に関する。いくつかの実施形態において、これらのT細胞は、改変PD−1及びCARが、これらのT細胞において別個のポリペプチドである遺伝子産物として発現されるように、CAR及び遺伝子改変PD−1をコードする核酸配列を含む。遺伝子改変の例には、PD−1の発現又は細胞内部分の機能に関連する1又は複数のヌクレオチドの置換又は欠失が含まれる。
他に定義されない限り、本明細書において使用する全ての技術用語及び科学用語は、本
開示が属する当業者によって一般的に理解されるのと同じ意味を有する。本明細書に記載されているものと類似又は等価な任意の方法及び材料を、本開示の実施又は試験において使用することができるが、好ましい方法及び材料を記載する。本開示の目的のために、以下の用語を下記に定義する。
Harbor Laboratory Press、NY; Harlowら、1989年、Antibodies:A Laboratory Manual、Cold Spring Harbor、New York; Houstonら、1988年、Proc.Natl Acad.Sci.USA 85:5879−5883; Birdら、1988年、Science 242:423−426頁)。
抗体を意味する。この用語はまた、抗体をコードするDNA分子及び抗体タンパク質を発現するDNA分子の合成によって生成された抗体、又は抗体を特定するアミノ酸配列を意味すると解釈されるべきであり、これらのDNA又はアミノ酸配列は当該分野において利用可能で周知の合成DNA又はアミノ酸配列技術を用いて得られている。
て特定された活性若しくは作用に干渉しないか、又は寄与しない他の要素に限定されることを意味する。従って、「本質的に〜からなる」という語句は、列挙された要素が必要又は必須であるが、他の要素は任意選択であり、列挙された要素の活性若しくは作用に影響を及ぼすか否かに依存して存在しても、又は存在しなくてもよい。
スを指す。このクラスのタンパク質に含まれる5つのメンバーは、IgA、IgG、IgM、IgD、及びIgEである。IgAは、唾液、涙、母乳、胃腸分泌物等の身体分泌物並びに呼吸器及び泌尿生殖路の粘液分泌物に存在する一次抗体である。IgGは最も一般的な循環抗体である。IgMは、ほとんどの対象において、一次免疫応答において産生される主要な免疫グロブリンである。それは、凝集、補体固定、及び他の抗体応答において最も効率的な免疫グロブリンであり、細菌及びウイルスに対する防御において重要である。IgDは、既知の抗体機能を有さないが、抗原受容体として機能し得る免疫グロブリンである。IgEは、アレルゲンへの暴露時に肥満細胞及び好塩基球からメディエーターを放出させることにより、即時過敏症を媒介する免疫グロブリンである。
のような部位が存在しない場合、合成オリゴヌクレオチドアダプター又はリンカーが従来の方法に従って使用される。
少した」又は「より少ない」量は、典型的には、「統計的に有意な」又は生理的に有意な量であり、約1.1、1.2、1.3、1.4、1.5、1.6、1.7、1.8、1.9、2、2.5、3、3.5、4、4.5、5、6、7、8、9、10、15、20、30、40、若しくは50倍又はそれ以上(例えば、100、500、1000倍)(1より大きい全ての整数及びその間の小数点、例えば、1.5、1.6、1.7.1.8等を含む)の本明細書に記載された量又はレベルの減少を含み得る。
ポリヌクレオチドに関して正しい位置及び配向にあることを意味する。
本明細書の実施形態は、改変プログラム細胞死タンパク質1(PD−1)をコードする核酸配列及びキメラ抗原受容体(CAR)をコードする核酸配列を含む単離核酸配列に関する。いくつかの実施形態において、改変PD−1及びCARは、別個のポリペプチドである遺伝子産物として発現される。これらの例において、CARは、PD−L1を発現する癌細胞上に存在する腫瘍抗原に特異的である。
ば、改変PD−1は、配列番号14の核酸配列を含むヒトPD−1である。
のPD−L1によって誘導されるワイド型PD−1活性を阻害するようにT細胞に導入される。特定の実施形態において、遺伝子改変T細胞は非機能性PD−1を発現する。例えば、遺伝子改変T細胞は、細胞内ドメインを含まない、細胞内ドメイン及び膜貫通ドメインの両方を含まない、又は本開示に記載の点突然変異を含むPD−1分子を発現する。
肺癌、卵巣癌、前立腺癌、肝細胞癌、扁平上皮癌、基底細胞癌、腺癌、汗腺癌、甲状腺髄様癌、甲状腺乳頭癌、褐色細胞腫、皮脂腺癌、乳頭癌、乳頭状腺癌、髄様癌、気管支原性癌、腎細胞癌、ヘパトーマ、胆管癌、絨毛癌、ウィルムス腫瘍、子宮頸癌、精巣腫瘍、セミノーマ、膀胱癌、黒色腫、及びCNS腫瘍(例えば、神経膠腫(脳幹神経膠腫及び混合神経膠腫など)、神経膠芽腫(多形性神経膠芽腫としても知られている)、星状細胞腫、CNSリンパ腫、胚細胞腫、髄芽細胞腫、シュワン細胞腫、頭蓋咽頭腫(craniopharyogioma)、上衣腫、松果体腫、血管芽細胞腫、聴神経腫瘍、乏突起神経膠腫、髄膜腫(menangioma)、神経芽細胞腫、網膜芽細胞腫及び脳転移)を含むが、これらに限定されない。
0ccの採取血液から活性化される。理論に束縛されるものではないが、この複数の血液採取/複数の再注入プロトコルを使用して、T細胞の特定の集団を選択することができる。
を更に含む。特定の実施形態において、改変細胞は、抗原に結合する特異的抗体の抗原認識ドメイン及び細胞内ドメイン、又は改変型若しくはワイド型T細胞受容体を含むキメラ抗原受容体(CAR)を更に含む。
脳心筋炎ウイルスのリボソーム内進入配列によって分離されたCD19 CAR及び改変PD−1をコードするレンチウイルスベクターを作製した(Chimeric Receptors Containing CD137 Signal Transduction Domains Mediate Enhanced Survival of
T Cells and Increased Antileukemic Efficacy In Vivo Molecular Therapy vol.17 no.8, 1453-1464頁2009年8月を参照されたい、当文献は参照により本明
細書に組み込まれる)。CAR及び改変PD−1をコードするDNA構築物の情報を、図1及び表1に提供する。これらの構築物とモジュールの概要を表1−3に列挙する。
Enhanced Survival of T Cells and Increased Antileukemic Efficacy In Vivo Molecular Therapy vol.17 no.8,1453−1464頁2009年8月に見出すことができ、当文献は参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
初代T細胞は患者から得た。得られた初代T細胞に、レンチウイルスベクターを用いて形質導入した。フローサイトメトリによる収集を行い、分析して、初代T細胞におけるCAR及びPD−1の発現を決定した。図3A、3B、及び3Cに示すように、初代T細胞はCAR(図3Aのボックス参照)及びPD−1を発現した(図3B及び3Cのボックス参照)。
このアッセイでは、標的細胞(即ち、K562‐CD19)に対する細胞障害性を、エフェクター細胞(即ち、形質導入されたT細胞)と共に培養した標的細胞の生存と、陰性対照細胞(非形質導入T細胞)と共に培養した標的細胞の生存とを比較することによって測定した。標的細胞と、エフェクター細胞又は陰性対照細胞とを、標的細胞とエフェクター細胞又は陰性対照細胞との間の数比が約10:1で約24時間培養した。標的細胞の生存率及び形質導入T細胞と非形質導入T細胞とのIFN−ガンマ産生を測定した。図4A及び4Bに示すように、CAR及び様々なPD−1をコードする核酸配列を含む形質導入T細胞は、IFN−γを放出し、CD19細胞を死滅させることができる。全てのエラーバーは標準偏差を表す。
containing CD28 and CD137 domains.3360−3365頁、PNAS 2009年3月、vol.106 no.9に見出すことができ、当該文献は参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
PD−L1−ires−EGFP(配列番号7)をコードするレンチウイルスベクターを作製した。Nalm−6細胞に、レンチウイルスベクターT細胞を用いてMOIが30又はMOIが100で形質導入した。フローサイトメトリによる収集を行い、分析して、これらの細胞におけるCAR及びPD−1の発現を決定した。図5に示すように、NalM−6 PD−L1はPD−L1を発現した。
を形質導入されたT細胞において低下する。
Efficacy In Vivo Molecular Therapy vol.17 no.8,1453−1464頁,2009年8月に見出すことができ、当文献は参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
Claims (11)
- ヒトT細胞を含む医薬組成物であって、
前記ヒトT細胞は:
PD−1細胞外ドメインを含み、機能的PD−1細胞内ドメインを欠き、且つヒトT細胞におけるプログラム細胞死リガンド1(PD−L1)の阻害効果を減少させる切断型プログラム細胞死タンパク質1(PD−1)(但し、配列番号13のアミノ酸配列を含む切断型PD−1を除く。)をコードする第1核酸;及び
標的細胞の腫瘍抗原を認識する細胞外ドメイン、膜貫通ドメイン、並びにCD3−ゼータシグナルドメイン及び共刺激分子のシグナルドメインを含む細胞内ドメインを含むキメラ抗原受容体(CAR)をコードする第2核酸;
を含み、
前記切断型PD−1及び前記CARが別個のポリペプチドである遺伝子産物として発現され、前記切断型PD−1はドミナントネガティブPD−1である、医薬組成物。 - 前記ドミナントネガティブPD−1は、腫瘍細胞のPD−L1によって誘導されるワイド型PD−1活性を阻害する、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記切断型PD−1は、PD−1膜貫通ドメインを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記切断型PD−1は、配列番号9のアミノ酸配列若しくは配列番号10のアミノ酸配列又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記切断型PD−1は、特定の細胞のPD−L1と結合するPD−1細胞外ドメインを含む可溶性受容体である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記腫瘍抗原がCD19である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記共刺激分子は、4−1BB若しくはCD28又はそれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記切断型PD−1は、配列番号12のアミノ酸配列又は配列番号14のアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の第1核酸及び第2核酸を含む、単離核酸。
- 請求項9に記載の前記単離核酸を含む、ベクター。
- 請求項9に記載の前記単離核酸を含む、細胞。
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US20190316086A1 (en) | 2019-10-17 |
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WO2016138846A1 (en) | 2016-09-09 |
CA2976684C (en) | 2024-03-05 |
US11932873B2 (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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AU2016228080B2 (en) | 2020-11-12 |
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