JP6690810B2 - 機能性飼料 - Google Patents
機能性飼料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6690810B2 JP6690810B2 JP2016572204A JP2016572204A JP6690810B2 JP 6690810 B2 JP6690810 B2 JP 6690810B2 JP 2016572204 A JP2016572204 A JP 2016572204A JP 2016572204 A JP2016572204 A JP 2016572204A JP 6690810 B2 JP6690810 B2 JP 6690810B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- egg
- rate
- cashew nut
- laying
- nut shell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
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Classifications
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/60—Salicylic acid; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/111—Aromatic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
- A61K31/05—Phenols
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/192—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having aromatic groups, e.g. sulindac, 2-aryl-propionic acids, ethacrynic acid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/22—Anacardiaceae (Sumac family), e.g. smoketree, sumac or poison oak
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
- A61K9/0056—Mouth soluble or dispersible forms; Suckable, eatable, chewable coherent forms; Forms rapidly disintegrating in the mouth; Lozenges; Lollipops; Bite capsules; Baked products; Baits or other oral forms for animals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Molecular Biology (AREA)
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
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Description
非特許文献1の「(5)誘導換羽の方法と産卵率」には、他の換羽方法と比較して死亡率が少ない飼料給与を継続する低栄養飼料切替法を使用しても、換羽後の産卵鶏の産卵率が85%を超える農家が約30%であり、90%以上の農家が約10%に過ぎないことが記載されている。また、非特許文献1の「(6)誘導換羽の方法と死亡率」には、低栄養飼料切替法を使用しても、換羽後の採卵鶏の死亡率が平均5.6%以上であり、死亡率3%を超える農家が80%に及ぶことが記載されている。
特許文献1(特開平8−231410号公報)には、カシューナッツ殻油及び/又はアルカルド酸類を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする、ブロイラー等の食肉鶏の家禽類のコクシジウム症軽減剤が記載されている。
特許文献2(特開2001−151675号公報)には、カシューナッツオイル及び/又はアナカルド酸類と共に、有機亜鉛化合物、ベタイン及びバチルス属菌から選ばれる少なくとも1種を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする、ブロイラー等の肉用鶏の家禽類のコクシジウム症の予防及び/又は治療用の飼料が記載されている。
しかしながら、カシューナッツ殻油を投与することによって採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏の産卵率を改善できること、そして、換羽時の採卵鶏の減耗率を減少できることは知られていなかった。
(1)非加熱カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノール、及び/又は、カルドールを含有することを特徴とする、採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏の産卵率向上剤。
(2)産卵期間中の1週あたりの減耗羽数が、入雛羽数の0.1%未満となる、(1)に記載の産卵率向上剤。
(3)採卵鶏が強制換羽又は誘導換羽を実施されている、(1)又は(2)に記載の産卵率向上剤。
(4)換羽処理中の減耗率が2%以下である、(3)に記載の産卵率向上剤。
(5)産卵率90%が90日以上持続する、(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の産卵率向上剤。
(6)(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の産卵率向上剤を含む飼料。
(7)卵質の向上もしくは維持により産卵成績を向上させる(1)〜(6)のいずれかに記載の産卵率向上剤。
(8)非加熱カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノール、及び/又は、カルドールが飼料中に0.0001〜10質量%の濃度で存在する、(7)に記載の飼料。
(9)(7)又は(8)に記載の飼料を採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏に投与することを特徴とする産卵率を向上させる方法。
(10)採卵鶏が強制換羽又は誘導換羽を実施されている、(9)に記載の産卵率を向上させる方法。
(11)(7)又は(8)に記載の飼料を採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏に投与することを特徴とする卵の産生方法。
(12)採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏の産卵率向上に用いるための、非加熱カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノール、及び/又は、カルドール。
(13)採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏の産卵率向上剤の製造のための、非加熱カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノール、及び/又は、カルドールの使用。
採卵鶏としては、採卵を目的とする鶏種のうち原種・種鶏のみでなく、遺伝改良によって作出される実用鶏種、交配種、改良種であってもよい。例えば、白色レグホーン種、イサブラウン種、デカルブ・ワーレン・セクサルリンク種、ハーバード・コメット種、シェーバー・スタークロス579種、黒色ミノルカ種、黄斑プリマスロック種、白色プリマスロック種、ロードアイランドレッド種、ニューハンプシャー種、アローカナ種、烏骨鶏種、ポーリッシュ種、名古屋コーチン種、比内地鶏種、ボリスブラウン種、ジュリア種、ジュリアライト種、バブコックB400種、ソニア種、マリア種、ローラ種、ノボジェン・ホワイト種、ノボジェン・ブラウン種、エルベ種、さくら種、もみじ種等が挙げられるが、それらの交配種や改良種であってもよい。
肉用鶏としては、例えば、白色コーニッシュ種、白色プリマスロック種、黄斑プリマスロック種、ロードアイランドレッド種、ニューハンプシャー種、UK(イギリス)チャンキー種、US(アメリカ)チャンキー種、コッブ種、エイビアン種、アーバーエーカ種、比内地鶏種、薩摩地鶏種、名古屋種等が挙げられるが、生産鶏を産生するために採卵に供する限りは、この品種に限定されない。
本発明の産卵率向上剤の対象となる鶏種としては、上記のうち、ジュリア種、ジュリアライト種、バブコックB400種、ノボジェン・ホワイト種、ノボジェン・ブラウン種及びソニア種が好ましい。
採卵用のウズラとしては、例えば、白ウズラ、赤ウズラ、ヒメウズラ、カンムリウズラ、シロボシウズラ、ジャネイロウズラ、オナガウズラ、ツノウズラ、コリンウズラ、ヨーロッパヤマウズラ、シロマダラウズラ、タマフウズラ、ウロコウズラ、ヨーロッパウズラ、ノドグロコリン、カンムリコリン、ズアカカンムリウズラ、エボシウズラ、オナガウズラ、ギアナウズラ、マダラウズラが挙げられる。
本発明の産卵率向上剤は、孵化〜23ヵ月齢の間でウズラに投与することが好ましいが、採卵に供される限りはその月齢に限らない。
飼料要求率=飼料摂取量(g)/生産重量(g)
Thao Nguyen Co., Ltd.よりカシューナッツ殻油(CNSL)を購入した。CNSLの組成は以下の方法で測定した。すなわち、HPLC(Waters600、日本ウォーターズ株式会社)、検出機(Waters490E、日本ウォーターズ株式会社)、プリンタ(クロマトパックC−R6A、島津製作所)、カラム(SUPELCOSIL LC18、SUPELCO社)を用いた。アセトニトリル:水:酢酸が80:20:1(容量比)の溶媒を用い、流速は2ml/分とした。280nmの吸光度で検出した。カシューナッツ殻油には、アナカルド酸が65.7質量%、カルダノールが5.1質量%、カルドールが23.5質量%含まれていた。
誘導換羽を実施する65〜67週齢の30日間に、CNSLを終濃度100ppmにて低エネルギー・低タンパク質を特徴とする誘導換羽用飼料に混餌給与したところ、ジュリアライト種(約2万羽/区、白玉)において、対照区と比較して、換羽時の減耗率の大幅低減(45%減)、換羽後産卵持続日数の向上(133日→147日;11%増)が認められた。結果を表1〜3に示す。
成鶏導入後から産卵ピークに至る26〜29週齢のうちの30日間(実施例)に、CNSLを終濃度100ppmにて成鶏用飼料に混餌し、成鶏に給与した。鶏種はジュリア種(8.1万羽/区、白玉)であり、対照区は週齢による産卵率のズレを考慮し、CNSL給与後3週間(30〜32週齢)(比較例)の成鶏とした。その結果、CNSL給与期には、対照期と比べ、ヘンデー産卵率の改善(期間平均87.0→91.1%:5%改善)、ヘンハウス産卵率(86.5%→90.8%:5%改善)及び1日あたりの減耗羽数の低減(平均17羽→6羽:65%低減)が認められた。卵重は両期間ともにコマーシャル指標とほぼ同等に推移した。結果を表4及び5に示す。飼料設計及び光線管理等は実施農場の通常手順に準じて実施した。
3月に餌付けを開始した成鶏群に対して、成鶏導入後から産卵ピークに至る17〜26週齢のうち67日間に、CNSLを終濃度50ppmにて成鶏用飼料に混餌して、成鶏に給与した。鶏種はバブコックB400種(5万羽/区、白玉)であった。対照区は同農場で前年及び前々年3月に餌付けを開始した成鶏群2区(10万羽:CNSL不含飼料給餌)の平均とした。その結果、CNSL給与区においては、対照区と比較して、50%産卵到達日数(150日→143日:5%減)の短縮、ヘンデー産卵率の改善(期間平均41.6%→50.2%:21%改善)、及びヘンハウス産卵個数の増加(29.3個→35.4個:21%増加)が認められた。生存率については26週齢までは給与区で低い傾向であったが、その後28週齢までにほぼ同等となった。結果を表6に示す。飼料設計及び光線管理等は実施農場の通常手順に準じて実施した。
製造例1にて得られたCNSLを100℃にて加熱して加熱CNSLを得た。同様に組成を測定したところ、アナカルド酸は含まれず、カルダノールが72.9質量%、カルドールが19.7質量%含まれていた。
成鶏導入後18〜21週齢の28日間に、製造例2と同様に作成した加熱CNSLを終濃度50ppmにて成鶏用飼料に混餌し、成鶏に給与した。鶏種はバブコックB400種(5万羽/区、白玉)であった。対照区は同時期の他鶏舎の成鶏(CNSL不含飼料給餌)とした。その結果、対照区と比較して加熱CNSL給与区においても、ヘンハウス産卵個数の改善(4.2個→4.7個;12%増加)、及びヘンデー産卵率の改善(21週齢時点42.7%→45.6%:7%改善)が認められた。生存率についてはほぼ同等となった。結果を表7に示す。飼料設計及び光線管理等は実施農場の通常手順に準じて実施した。
Claims (12)
- 非加熱カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノール、及び/又は、カルドールを含有することを特徴とする、採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏の産卵率向上剤。
- 産卵期間中の1週あたりの減耗羽数が、入雛羽数の0.1%未満となる、請求項1に記載の産卵率向上剤。
- 採卵鶏が強制換羽又は誘導換羽を実施されている、請求項1に記載の産卵率向上剤。
- 換羽処理中の減耗率が2%以下である、請求項3に記載の産卵率向上剤。
- 産卵率90%が90日以上持続する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の産卵率向上剤。
- 卵質の向上もしくは維持により産卵成績を向上させる請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の産卵率向上剤。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の産卵率向上剤を含む飼料。
- 非加熱カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノール、及び/又は、カルドールが飼料中に0.0001〜10質量%の濃度で存在する、請求項7に記載の飼料。
- 請求項7又は8に記載の飼料を採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏に投与することを特徴とする産卵率を向上させる方法。
- 採卵鶏が強制換羽又は誘導換羽を実施されている、請求項9に記載の産卵率を向上させる
方法。 - 請求項7又は8に記載の飼料を採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏に投与することを特徴とする卵の産生方法。
- 採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏の産卵率向上剤の製造のための、非加熱カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノール、及び/又は、カルドールの使用。
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