JP6505094B2 - 耐火性バッチおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
耐火性バッチおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6505094B2 JP6505094B2 JP2016522347A JP2016522347A JP6505094B2 JP 6505094 B2 JP6505094 B2 JP 6505094B2 JP 2016522347 A JP2016522347 A JP 2016522347A JP 2016522347 A JP2016522347 A JP 2016522347A JP 6505094 B2 JP6505094 B2 JP 6505094B2
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Description
シリカ粉塵は、超微非結晶アモルファスSiO2パウダーである。それは、元素ケイ素またはケイ素合金の製造中、副生成物としてアーク炉に形成される。また、シリカ粉塵は、例えば、商品名シリカ粉塵またはマイクロシリカとして市販されており、一般的に85wt%以上のSiO2を有している。シリカ粉塵(また、シリカヒューメとして呼ばれる)の粒径は、1mm以下である。英語での用語は、“Silica fume”である。
焼成シリカは、例えば、99wt%以下のSiO2含有量を有する高純度アモルファスSiO2パウダーである。そのSiO2パウダーは、一般的に、例えば、5〜50nmの粒径を有し、例えば、50〜600m2/gの高比表面積を有する。これらのシリカは、火炎加水分解によって製造される。焼成シリカは、例えば、エアロシル(Aerosil)という商品名で市販されている。英語での用語は、“Fumed silica”である。
湿式法を使用する沈降シリカの製造において、方法は、アルカリケイ酸塩溶液から開始する。その溶液から、高純度アモルファスシリカは、酸(86〜88wt%SiO2;10〜12wt%水)の添加によって沈降される。粒径は1〜200μmであり、比表面積は10〜500m2/gである。沈降シリカは、例えば、“シペルナット(Sipernat)”または“ウルトラシル(Ultrasil)”という商品名で市販されている。水分の含有量に関わらず、これらのシリカは、液体ではなく、乾燥した粉末状である。
かんらん石原料: 3〜74wt%(特に、24〜63.7wt%)
マグネシア粉末: 25〜49wt%(特に、30〜45wt%)
SiC粉末: 0.9〜14wt%(特に、5〜15wt%)
微粒子シリカ: 0.1〜10wt%(特に、0.5〜5wt%)
酸化防止剤: 0〜4wt%(特に、0.5〜2.5wt%)
追加の耐火性原料粒状体:0〜4wt%(特に、0.1〜3.5wt%)
耐火性添加物: 0〜4wt%(特に、0.1〜3.5wt%)
耐火物用混和剤(admixture):0〜2wt%(特に、0.1〜1.5wt%)
耐火物用バインダー: 0〜10wt%
粗密度: 2.65〜2.80kg/m3
冷間圧縮強度: 40〜100MPa(特に、60〜80MPa)
粗密度: 2.55〜2.75kg/m3
冷間圧縮強度: 30〜80MPa(特に、40〜70MPa)
粗密度: 2.55〜2.75kg/m3
冷間圧縮強度: 40〜180MPa(特に、50〜150MPa)
−少なくとも一つの粉末状のマグネシアの25〜49wt%(好ましくは、50wt%(特に80wt%、好ましくは100wt%)の1mm以下の粒径を有する)、
−少なくとも一つの粉末状の炭化シリコン(SiC)の0.9〜14wt%(好ましくは、50wt%(特に80wt%、好ましくは100wt%)の1mm以下の粒径を有する)、
−少なくとも一つの微粒子乾燥粉末シリカの0.1〜10wt%(好ましくは、500μm以下の粒径を有する)、
−耐火物用のそれ自体が既知の少なくとも一つの酸化防止剤の0〜4wt%、
−それ自体既知の少なくとも一つの追加の耐火性原料粒状体の0〜4wt%(好ましくは、50wt%(特に80wt%、好ましくは100wt%)の0.1mm以上の粒径を有する)、
−バッチから耐火物を製造するためのそれ自体が既知の少なくとも一つの混和剤の0〜2wt%、
−耐火性材料(特に、粉末状、好ましくは、いわゆる中粒子状および/またはいわゆる粗粒子状)で作られた少なくとも一つの既知の添加剤の0〜4wt%、
−耐火物(例えば、乾燥状または液体状で含まれる)用のそれ自体が既知の少なくとも一つのバインダーの0〜10wt%
少なくとも一つのかんらん石原料の21〜63.7wt%
少なくとも一つのマグネシアの30〜43wt%
少なくとも一つの炭化ケイ素の5〜15wt%
少なくとも一つのシリカの0.5〜5wt%
少なくとも一つの酸化防止剤の0.5〜2.5wt%
少なくとも一つの追加の耐火性原料粒状体の0.1〜3.5wt%
少なくとも一つの混和剤の0.1〜1.5wt%
少なくとも一つの添加剤の0.1〜3.5wt%
少なくとも一つの前記バインダーの0〜5wt%
Claims (44)
- 非鉄重金属(”Buntmetall”)溶融ユニットのライニング用の鉱物耐火材料で構成されたバッチであって、
前記バッチは、前記バッチの乾燥基質に対して計算される以下の成分の混合物の90wt%以上を含み、
前記以下の成分は、
少なくとも70wt%のフォルステライト含有量を有し、0.1mm以上の粒径を有する少なくとも一つの粗粒子かんらん石原料の3〜74wt%と、
1mm以下の粒径を有する少なくとも一つの粉末状のマグネシアの25〜49wt%と、
1mm以下の粒径を有する少なくとも一つの粉末状の炭化シリコン(SiC)の0.9〜14wt%と、
少なくとも一つの微粒子乾燥粉末シリカの0.1〜10wt%と、
耐火物用の少なくとも一つの酸化防止剤の0〜4wt%と、
0.1mm以上の粒径を有する少なくとも一つの追加の耐火性原料粒状体の0〜4wt%と、
バッチから耐火物を製造するための少なくとも一つの混和剤の0〜2wt%と、
粉末状の耐火性材料で作られた少なくとも一つの添加剤の0〜4wt%と、
耐火物用の少なくとも一つのバインダーの0〜10wt%と、であり、
前記少なくとも一つのバインダーは、乾燥状または液体状で含まれ、
前記バッチは、シリカゾルを含有しないことを特徴とするバッチ。 - 前記バッチは、前記成分の前記混合物の95wt%以上を含む請求項1に記載のバッチ。
- 前記バッチは、前記成分からなる請求項1または2に記載のバッチ。
- 前記バッチは、前記粗粒子かんらん石原料と、前記粉末状のマグネシアと、前記粉末状の炭化シリコンと、前記微粒子乾燥粉末シリカとの乾燥基質の90%wt以上を含む請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載のバッチ。
- 前記バッチは、前記粗粒子かんらん石原料と、前記粉末状のマグネシアと、前記粉末状の炭化シリコンと、前記微粒子乾燥粉末シリカとの乾燥基質からなる請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項に記載のバッチ。
- 前記微粒子乾燥粉末シリカは、500μm以下の粒径を有する請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項に記載のバッチ。
- 前記バッチは、少なくとも1つの水性バインダーを含む請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載のバッチ。
- 前記水性バインダーは、リグニンスルホン酸塩、硫酸マグネシウムおよびケイ酸エチルのグループから選択される請求項7に記載のバッチ。
- 前記バッチは、前記少なくとも1つの水性バインダーの1〜10wt%(前記バッチの前記乾燥基質に対して計算される)を含む請求項7または8に記載のバッチ。
- 前記バッチは、ピッチおよび/またはタール並びに合成樹脂のグループから少なくとも一つのバインダーを含む請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載のバッチ。
- 前記バッチは、ピッチおよび/またはタール並びに合成樹脂の前記グループから前記少なくとも一つのバインダーの2〜5wt%(前記バッチの前記乾燥基質に対して計算される)を含む請求項10に記載のバッチ。
- 前記バッチは、以下の混合物の一つの90wt%以上を含む請求項1ないし11のいずれか1項に記載のバッチ。
−前記少なくとも一つのかんらん石原料の21〜63.7wt%
−前記少なくとも一つのマグネシアの30〜43wt%
−前記少なくとも一つの炭化ケイ素の5〜14wt%
−前記少なくとも一つの微粒子乾燥粉末シリカの0.5〜5wt%
−前記少なくとも一つの酸化防止剤の0.5〜2.5wt%
−前記少なくとも一つの追加の耐火性原料粒状体の0.1〜3.5wt%
−前記少なくとも一つの混和剤の0.1〜1.5wt%
−前記少なくとも一つの添加剤の0.1〜3.5wt%
−前記少なくとも一つバインダーの0〜5wt%(前記バッチの前記乾燥基質に対して計算される) - 前記かんらん石原料は、天然のかんらん石原料、および/または、0.1〜6mmの前記かんらん石原料の粒子帯を有する合成されたフォルステライト材料である請求項1ないし12のいずれか1項に記載のバッチ。
- 前記かんらん石原料は、1〜6mmの前記かんらん石原料の前記粒子帯を有する請求項13に記載のバッチ。
- 前記かんらん石原料は、ガウスの粒度分布を有する請求項13または14に記載のバッチ。
- 前記粉末状のマグネシアは、90wt%以上のMgO含有量を有する請求項1ないし15のいずれか1項に記載のバッチ。
- 前記粉末状のマグネシアの粒度分布は、ガウスの粒度分布に相当する請求項16に記載のバッチ。
- 前記粉末状の炭化シリコンは、90wt%以上の純度を有する請求項1ないし17のいずれか1項に記載のバッチ。
- 前記粉末状の炭化シリコンは、ガウスの粒度分布を有する請求項18に記載のバッチ。
- 前記微粒子乾燥粉末シリカは、500μmより小さい粒径を有する少なくとも一つの石英粉末、および/または少なくとも一つの焼成シリカ、および/または少なくとも一つの沈降シリカ、および/または少なくとも一つのシリカヒュームである請求項1ないし19のいずれか1項に記載のバッチ。
- 前記少なくとも一つの混和剤は、分散剤である請求項1ないし20のいずれか1項に記載のバッチ。
- 前記少なくとも一つの追加の耐火性原料粒状体および/または耐火性材料で形成される前記少なくとも一つの添加物は、亜クロム酸マグネシア、スピネルマグネシア、スピネル、酸化クロム、酸化ジルコニウム、窒化ケイ素、ジルコニウムのグループから選択される請求項1ないし21のいずれか1項に記載のバッチ。
- 前記非鉄重金属(”Buntmetall”)溶融ユニットのライニング用の請求項1ないし22のいずれか1項に記載のバッチの使用。
- 前記バッチは、銅溶融コンバーターのライニングのために使用される請求項23に記載の使用。
- 前記バッチは、延性マスの形態で、ライニングのために現場で使用される請求項23または24に記載の使用。
- 請求項1ないし6および12ないし22のいずれか1項に記載の前記バッチを使用する耐火物の製造方法であって、
前記バッチは、水を含むマスを形成するために前記水と混合され、
前記マスは、モールドに導入され、成形体に形成され、
続いて、前記成形体の前記マスは、硬化され、前記成形体は乾燥されることを特徴とする耐火物の製造方法。 - 請求項7ないし9のいずれか1項に記載の前記バッチを使用する耐火物の製造方法であって、
前記バッチの前記乾燥基質は、耐火物用の前記少なくとも一つの水性バインダーと混合され、延性マスを形成し、
前記マスは、モールドに導入され、成形体に形成され、
続いて、前記成形体の前記マスは硬化され、前記成形体は乾燥されることを特徴とする耐火物の製造方法。 - 前記バッチの前記乾燥基質は、前記少なくとも一つの水性バインダーの1〜10wt%(前記バッチの前記乾燥基質に対して計算される)と混合される請求項27に記載の耐火物の製造方法。
- 請求項7ないし9のいずれか1項に記載の前記バッチを使用する耐火物の製造方法であって、
前記バッチの前記乾燥基質は、耐火物用の前記少なくとも一つの水性バインダーと水と混合され、延性マスを形成し、
前記マスは、モールドに導入され、成形体に形成され、
続いて、前記成形体の前記マスは硬化され、前記成形体は乾燥されることを特徴とする耐火物の製造方法。 - 請求項10または11に記載の前記バッチを使用する耐火物の製造方法であって、
前記バッチの前記乾燥基質は、前記ピッチおよび/またはタール並びに合成樹脂のグループから前記少なくとも一つのバインダーと混合され、延性マスを形成し、
前記マスは、モールドに導入され、成形体に形成され、
続いて、前記成形体の前記マスは硬化され、前記成形体は乾燥されることを特徴とする耐火物の製造方法。 - 前記バッチの前記乾燥基質は、前記ピッチおよび/またはタール並びに合成樹脂のグループから前記少なくとも一つのバインダーの2〜5wt%(前記バッチの前記乾燥基質に対して計算される)と混合される請求項30に記載の耐火物の製造方法。
- 前記成形体は、0.1〜4.5wt%の最大残留水分になるまで乾燥される請求項26ないし31のいずれか1項に記載の耐火物の製造方法。
- 前記硬化および前記乾燥は、50〜200℃の温度で押圧物に行われる請求項26ないし32のいずれか1項に記載の耐火物の製造方法。
- 前記硬化および前記乾燥は、100〜150℃の温度で行われる請求項33に記載の耐火物の製造方法。
- モノリシックな作成済み成分およびキャスタブルに対して、
前記硬化は、15〜35℃で行われ、
前記乾燥は、50〜200℃の温度で行われる請求項26ないし32いずれか1項に記載の耐火物の製造方法。 - 前記乾燥は、100〜150℃の温度で行われる請求項35に記載の耐火物の製造方法。
- 延性マスは、成形レンガ内で押圧され、
前記成形レンガは、硬化され、乾燥される請求項26ないし34のいずれか1項に記載の耐火物の製造方法。 - 前記成形レンガは、セラミック燃焼窯中でセラミックのように焼成される請求項37に記載の耐火物の製造方法。
- 前記成形レンガは、酸化雰囲気下または還元性雰囲気下、1000〜1300℃の温度で、セラミックのように焼成される請求項38に記載の耐火物の製造方法。
- 前記成形レンガは、1150〜1250℃の温度で、セラミックのように焼成される請求項39に記載の耐火物の製造方法。
- 前記成形レンガは、4〜8時間の焼成期間で、セラミックのように焼成される請求項39または40に記載の耐火物の製造方法。
- 前記成形レンガは、5〜8時間の焼成期間で、セラミックのように焼成される請求項41に記載の耐火物の製造方法。
- 2.65〜2.80kg/m3の粗密度と、60〜100MPaの冷間圧縮強度とを有するレンガが製造される請求項37に記載の耐火物の製造方法。
- 2.55〜2.75kg/m 3 の粗密度と、50〜180MPaの冷間圧縮強度とを有する非押圧の作成済み成分が製造される請求項26ないし32のいずれか1項に記載の耐火物の製造方法。
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