JP6504854B2 - ポリヌクレオチド含有サンプルの処理 - Google Patents
ポリヌクレオチド含有サンプルの処理 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6504854B2 JP6504854B2 JP2015039218A JP2015039218A JP6504854B2 JP 6504854 B2 JP6504854 B2 JP 6504854B2 JP 2015039218 A JP2015039218 A JP 2015039218A JP 2015039218 A JP2015039218 A JP 2015039218A JP 6504854 B2 JP6504854 B2 JP 6504854B2
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Description
本願は、2004年5月3日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/567,174号及び2005年1月21日に出願された米国仮特許出願第60/645,784号の権益主張出願であり、これら米国仮特許出願を参照により引用し、これらの記載内容全体を本明細書の一部とする。
保持部材は、ポリヌクレオチドを優先的にポリメラーゼ連鎖反応抑制物質(例えば、ヘモグロビン、ペプチド、糞便構成物、フミン酸、粘膜構成物、DNA結合タンパク質、又はサッカリド)に結合するよう構成された構成物から成る表面を有するのがよい。
アクチュエータは、物質(例えば、サンプル物質及び(又は)試薬物質)をネットワーク201の或る1つの場所と別の場所との間で移動させるができるガス圧力をもたらすコンポーネントである。例えば、図3を参照すると、アクチュエータ244は、熱膨張性物質(TEM)の塊273を収容したチャンバ272を有している。加熱されると、TEMは、膨張してチャンバ272内の自由容積を減少させると共にチャンバ272内の塊273を包囲しているガス(例えば、空気)を加圧する。代表的には、ゲート246,262がアクチュエータ244によって作動される。その結果、加圧ガスは、流体リザーバ279内の液体を接合部255に向かって追いやる。幾つかの実施形態では、アクチュエータ244は、アクチュエータと接合部255との間に約3psi以上(例えば、少なくとも約4psi、少なくとも約5psi)の圧力差を生じさせることができる。
空気ベントAViは、ネットワーク304内の液体の移動により押し退けられたガス(例えば、空気)を抜くことができるコンポーネントであり、したがって、圧力の増大によって液体の所望の運動が妨げられるようなことはない。例えば、空気ベントAV2は、ガスを液体の下流側にベントAV2を通って逃がすことにより液体をチャネルC14に沿ってチャネルC16内へ流入させることができる。
凍結乾燥粒子を所望に応じて調製することができる。代表的には、凍結乾燥粒子の構成物を溶剤(例えば、水)と結合させて溶液を作り、次に、この溶液を(例えば、別々のアリコート(例えば、液滴)の状態で例えばピペットにより)冷却状態の疎水性表面(例えば、ダイヤモンド膜又はポリテトラフルオロエチレン表面)上に配置する。一般に、表面の温度は、液体窒素の温度の近くまで(例えば、約−150°F以下(−101℃以下)、約−200°F以下(−128℃以下)、約−275°F以下(−175℃以下))まで減少させる。溶液は、別個独立の粒子として凍結する。凍結粒子に、溶剤(例えば、昇華により)ペレットから除去するのに十分な圧力及び時間の間、依然として凍結状態で真空作用を及ぼす。
デバイス700は、ポリヌクレオチド含有サンプル中に存在するポリペプチドのペプチド結合を分割するよう構成された酵素、例えばプロテアーゼ、例えばプロナーゼを含む酵素リザーバ712を更に有するのがよい。酵素リザーバ712をあらかじめ酵素が入れられたデバイス700のユーザに提供するのがよい。変形例として、デバイス700は、ユーザが酵素をデバイス700に追加するよう構成されたものであってもよい。
以下の実施例は、例示であって、本発明を限定するものではない。
約1011mL-1の濃度のカルボキシレート表面磁性ビーズ(セラジン社のセラ−マグ・マグネチック・カルボキシレート(Sera-Mag Magnetic Carboxylate)改質ビーズ部品番号3008050250)をpHが6.1の500mM2−(N−モルフォリニオ)−エタンスルフォン酸(MES)緩衝液中のN−ヒドロキシコハク酸イミド(NHS)及び1−エチル−3−(3−ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド(EDAC)を用いて30分間活性化させた。活性化状態のビーズを、3000Da又は300,000Daの平均分子量ポリ−L−リジン(PLL)で培養した。非結合状態のPLLを除去するために2回の洗浄後、ビーズをいつでも使用できる状態にした。
図13及び図14を参照すると、マイクロフルイディックデバイス300を作製して抑制物質からのポリヌクレオチドの分離を実証した。デバイス300は、第1の基板部分302′及び第2の基板部分304′を有し、かかる第1及び第2の基板部分は、それぞれ、第1及び第2の層302a′,302b′及び304a′,304b′を備えている。第1の層302a′及び第2の層302b′は、入口310′及び出口312′を有するチャネル306′を画定している。第1及び第2の層304a′,304b′は、入口314′及び出口316′を有するチャネル308′を画定している。接着剤324′を用いて第1の基板部分302′と第2の基板部分304′を結合してフィルタ318′が出口312′と入口314′との間に位置した状態で出口312′が入口314′と連通するようにした。出口312′の一部を上述したように調製した活性化状態のビーズで満たして保持部材(ビーズ)を有する処理領域320′を提供した。接着剤326′で固定したピペット322′(図14)は、サンプルの導入を容易にした。
デバイス300′のポリ−L−リジン改質ビーズによるポリヌクレオチドの保持を、約1000個のビーズを含む約1μLの容量の処理領域を有するデバイスをそれぞれ調製することにより実証した。ビーズを約15,000〜30,000Daのポリ−L−リジンで改質した。各処理領域をニシンの精子DANを含む液体(濃度が約20mg/mLの約20μLのサンプル)で満たし、それによりビーズと液体を接触状態に配置した。液体とビーズを10分間接触状態にした後、液体を各処理領域から取り出し、これに定量リアルタイムPCRを施して液体中に存在するニシンの精子DANの量を測定した。
処理領域を有するデバイスに3000Daのポリ−L−リジン改質ビーズを詰め込んだ。ビーズレンサ球菌属(GBS)から得たポリヌクレオチドを含む液体を、ニシン精子DNAについて上述したように、ビーズに接触させ、10分間培養した。pH8の二重mMトリス、1mMEDTA及び1%トリトンX−100緩衝溶液中の約10,000個のGBSバクテリアに3分間97℃で熱的ライシングを施すことによりこの液体を得た。
頬の内層からの頬細胞は、単一のヌクレオチド多型性(SNP)検出に使用できるヒトの遺伝子物質(DNA)の源となる。頬細胞から成るサンプルに熱的融解を施してDNAを細胞内部から放出させた。上述したように、デバイス300を用いてDNAを付随した抑制物質から分離した。図16のアリコートE2に対応した洗浄済みサンプルにポリメラーゼレンサ反応を施した。熱的融解から得られたコントロール又は手を加えていないサンプルも又増幅させた。
次の処理のためにポリヌクレオチドサンプルの調製では、サンプルにプロテアーゼ処理を行う場合が多く、このプロテアーゼ処理では、プロテアーゼは、サンプル中のタンパク質のペプチド結合を分割する。例示のプロテアーゼは、プロナーゼ、即ち、体内プロテアーゼと体外プロテアーゼの混合物である。プロナーゼは、大抵のペプチド結合を分割する。或る特定のリガンド、例えばポリ−L−リジンは、プロナーゼ及び他のプロテアーゼによる断裂を受けやすい。かくして、サンプルが一般に保持部材の存在下でプロテアーゼ処理を受けない場合、これに結合されたリガンドは、プロテアーゼに敏感である。
次に、本発明の好ましい態様を示す。
1. サンプル調製装置であって、
ポリカチオンポリアミドが結合された表面と、
前記表面と連通状態にあり、前記表面を流体サンプルに接触させるサンプル導入通路とを有する、サンプル調製装置。
2. 前記表面と接触状態にある水性液を少なくとも約65℃まで加熱するよう構成された熱源を更に有する、上記1記載のサンプル調製装置。
3. pHが少なくとも約10の液体のリザーバを更に有し、前記装置は、前記表面を前記液体に接触させるよう構成されている、上記1記載のサンプル調製装置。
4. 前記表面は、複数の粒子の表面から成る、上記1記載のサンプル調製装置。
5. 前記表面を前記装置から取り出すことができる、上記1記載のサンプル調製装置。
6. 前記ポリカチオンポリアミドは、ポリ−L−リジン及びポリ−D−リジンのうち少なくとも一方を含む、上記1記載のサンプル調製装置。
7. サンプルを処理する方法であって、
液体及び或る量のポリヌクレオチドを含む混合物を用意するステップと、
ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応抑制物質と比較して、ポリヌクレオチドを優先的に保持するよう構成された保持部材を前記混合物に接触させるステップと、
混合物中の液体の実質的に全てを前記保持部材から分離するステップと、
前記保持部材によって保持されたポリヌクレオチドを前記保持部材から放出するステップとを有する、方法。
8. 前記ポリヌクレオチドは、約7.5Mbp以下のサイズを有する、上記7記載の方法。
9. 前記液体は、第1の液体であり、前記液体の実質的に全てを分離するステップは、前記保持部材を第2の液体に接触させるステップを含む、上記7記載の方法。
10. 前記保持部材を第2の液体に接触させるステップは、熱作動式圧力源を作動させて圧力を前記第2の液体に加えるステップを含む、上記9記載の方法。
11. 前記保持部材を第2の液体に接触させるステップは、熱作動式弁を開放させて前記第2の液体を前記保持部材に流体連通させるステップを含む、上記10記載の方法。
12. 前記第2の液体の容積は、約50マイクロリットル以下である、上記10記載の方法。
13. 前記保持部材は、ポリヌクレオチドを優先的にポリメラーゼ連鎖反応抑制物質に結合するよう構成された構成物から成る表面を有する、上記10記載の方法。
14. 前記抑制物質は、ヘモグロビン、ペプチド、糞便構成物、フミン酸、粘膜構成物、DNA結合タンパク質、又はサッカリドのうち少なくとも1つを含む、上記13記載の方法。
15. 前記表面は、ポリリジンから成る、上記13記載の方法。
16. 前記ポリリジンは、ポリ−L−リジン及びポリ−D−リジンのうちの少なくとも一方から成る、上記15記載の方法。
17. 前記分離ステップは、前記第1の液体を第2の液体で置き換えるステップを含む、上記15記載の方法。
18. 前記第2の液体は、洗浄剤から成る、上記17記載の方法。
19. 前記放出ステップは、前記保持部材を少なくとも約50℃の温度まで加熱するステップを含む、上記9記載の方法。
20. 前記保持部材は、液体の存在下で加熱され、前記温度は、加熱中、前記保持部材の存在下では前記液体を沸騰させるには不十分である、上記19記載の方法。
21. 前記温度は、100℃以下である、上記20記載の方法。
22. 前記温度は、約10分間以内にわたって維持される、上記19記載の方法。
23. 前記方法は、前記保持部材の遠心分離法を含まない、上記19記載の方法。
Claims (11)
- ポリヌクレオチド含有サンプルを処理する方法であって、
第1の組をなす条件下で、サンプルからのポリヌクレオチドを処理チャンバ内の複数の結合粒子上に保持する保持ステップを含み、前記保持ステップは、ポリカチオンポリアミドを含む前記複数の結合粒子の表面に前記ポリヌクレオチドを結合する結合ステップを含み、前記サンプルの体積は0.5マイクロリットルから3ミリリットルであり、前記第1の組をなす条件は、サンプル含有溶液について、8.5以下の第1のpHと、50℃以下の第1の温度を含み、
第2の組をなす条件下で、前記複数の結合粒子から前記ポリヌクレオチドを塩基性水酸化物溶液に放出する放出ステップを含み、
前記第2の組をなす条件は、塩基性水酸化物溶液を添加することによる前記pHの第2のpHへの増加と、塩基性水酸化物溶液の温度の第2の温度への上昇を含み、前記第2のpHは11.0以上であり、前記第2の温度は80℃と100℃の間である、方法。 - 前記ポリカチオンポリアミドは前記結合粒子の前記表面に共有結合する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記結合粒子は、前記ポリカチオンポリアミドのための結合ポイントを提供するために、1又は2以上のカルボキシル基を含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記放出ステップは、液体の存在下で前記複数の結合粒子を加熱するステップを含み、前記第2の温度は、前記液体を沸騰させるには不十分である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記方法はさらに、前記第2の温度を1分から10分の間、維持するステップを含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- ポリヌクレオチド含有サンプルを処理する方法であって、
前記サンプルを、表面に結合したポリカチオンポリアミドを有する複数の結合粒子に接触させる接触ステップを含み、第1のpH及び第1の温度において前記結合粒子は該結合粒子上に1又は2以上のポリヌクレオチドを保持し、前記サンプルの体積は0.5マイクロリットルから3ミリリットルであり、
サンプル含有溶液について、前記第1のpHは8.5以下であり、前記第1の温度は50℃以下であり、
11.0以上の第2のpH及び80℃と100℃の間の第2の温度の塩基性水酸化物溶液に前記結合粒子を接触させ、これにより前記複数の結合粒子から前記ポリヌクレオチドを放出する、放出ステップを含み、前記塩基性溶液は、2mMから500mMのモル濃度を有する水酸化物溶液を含む、方法。 - 前記水酸化物溶液は、水酸化ナトリウムを含む、請求項6記載の方法。
- 前記水酸化物溶液は、15mMのモル濃度を有する、請求項6記載の方法。
- 前記水酸化物溶液は、5mMのモル濃度を有する、請求項6記載の方法。
- 前記ポリカチオンポリアミドは、前記結合粒子の表面に共有結合している、請求項6記載の方法。
- 前記結合粒子は、前記ポリカチオンポリアミドのための結合点を提供するための1又は2以上のカルボキシル基を含む、請求項6記載の方法。
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JP2013128498A (ja) | 2013-07-04 |
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CA2565572C (en) | 2018-03-06 |
EP1745153A2 (en) | 2007-01-24 |
ES2572382T8 (es) | 2017-02-20 |
EP2345739B1 (en) | 2016-04-06 |
WO2005108620A2 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
JP6475206B2 (ja) | 2019-02-27 |
JP2007535933A (ja) | 2007-12-13 |
CA3198754A1 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
AU2005241080B2 (en) | 2011-08-11 |
ES2553097T3 (es) | 2015-12-04 |
US20140030798A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
CA2565572A1 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
WO2005108620A3 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
JP2015097538A (ja) | 2015-05-28 |
JP5344817B2 (ja) | 2013-11-20 |
CA2994321C (en) | 2023-08-08 |
US8470586B2 (en) | 2013-06-25 |
CA2994321A1 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
EP2345739B8 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
AU2005241080A1 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
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ES2572382T3 (es) | 2016-05-31 |
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