JP6362400B2 - 不織布ウェブ - Google Patents
不織布ウェブ Download PDFInfo
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- JP6362400B2 JP6362400B2 JP2014095431A JP2014095431A JP6362400B2 JP 6362400 B2 JP6362400 B2 JP 6362400B2 JP 2014095431 A JP2014095431 A JP 2014095431A JP 2014095431 A JP2014095431 A JP 2014095431A JP 6362400 B2 JP6362400 B2 JP 6362400B2
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- nonwoven fabric
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Images
Classifications
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
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- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
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Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
Description
メルトブローン繊維として、ポリプロピレン(サンアロマー社製)を使用し、エクストルーダーによりメルトブローンダイから、繊維径2.9μmのメルトブローン繊維を、単位面積あたりの重量137g/m2になるように紡糸した。メルトブローン繊維が紡糸された直後のウェブに合流するように、芯材としてポリエチレンテレフタレート、鞘材としてポリエチレンテレフタレート系コポリマーを有する芯鞘構造(ユニチカ社製4080、繊度:6.6dtex、繊維長:32mm)を有するバインダー繊維460g/m2を混合させ総単位面積あたりの重量が597g/m2であるウェブを作製した。このウェブを137℃、10MPaの条件下で60秒加熱圧縮し、厚み1.8mmの不織布(1)を得た。このようにして不織布(1)一層からなる不織布ウェブを得た。なお、メルトブローン繊維の比重は0.91g/cm3であり、バインダー繊維の比重は1.38g/cm3であった。なお、メルトブローン繊維の比重は0.91g/cm3であり、バインダー繊維の比重は1.38g/cm3であった。
不織布(1)の単位面積当たりの重量(g/m2)は、不織布(1)を直径133mmの円状に切り出したものを3枚用意し、それぞれ重量を測定した。3枚の平均値から単位面積当たりの重量を求めた。
不織布(1)の曲げ剛性は、JIS K7074(1998)の3点曲げ試験(A法)に基づいて測定した。
不織布(1)の厚み(mm)は、ASTM F778−88に準じた測定方法を用いて測定した。まず、不織布(1)を直径133mmの円状に切り出したものを3枚用意した。直径100mmの上側プレートと下側プレートの1組のプレートを備えた測定器を準備し、上側プレートに16gの重りを載せ、持ち上げ、下側プレートの中央に試料を置いた。上下のプレート間距離を1.0cmの高さに調整し、この高さから上側プレートを離し、自重で下側プレートの上に落下させた。この状態で3秒待ち、上下のプレート間距離を備え付けのマイクロメータで測定した。測定された値を不織布(1)の厚みとした。
不織布(1)のソリディティ(%)は、不織布(1)の嵩密度ρ1を、不織布(1)を構成する材料の密度ρ2で割ることによって求められる値を示し、百分率で示した。不織布(1)の嵩密度ρ1は、上述する方法で求めた不織布(1)の単位面積あたりの重量を上述する方法により測定した不織布(1)の厚みで割ることにより求めた。また、材料の密度ρ2は、原料供給メーカより提供されたメルトブローン繊維及びバインダー繊維の原材料の密度とメルトブローン繊維とバインダー繊維の配合割合から求めた。
不織布(1)の通気抵抗(Ns/m3)は、ASTM C 522に基づいて測定した。不織布(1)を5.25インチ(13.33mm)径の円形に切り出したものを用意した。円形に切り出さした不織布(1)を試料台に固定した。この不織布(1)の100cm2の範囲に対して、垂直方向に圧縮空気を供給し、不織布面の垂直方向に生じる差圧を測定した。
不織布ウェブの吸音率は、ASTMのE 1050−98(“Impedance and Absorption Using A Tube, Two Microphones and A Digital Frequency Analysis System.”)に基づく2マイクロホン法で測定した。測定範囲は、125Hz〜1600Hzとした。2マイクロホン法は音響インピーダンス管内の音圧の入射と反射成分を2つのマイクロホンで測定し吸音率を求める方法である。具体的には、一方の端部が剛体面となっている音響インピーダンス管の内部に、剛体面から10mmだけ離間(10mmの空気層を設けて)して不織布ウェブを設置し、不織布ウェブの剛体面と面する側とは反対側の面から音圧を入射することで吸音率の測定を行った。
メルトブローン繊維の繊維径(μm)は、以下の方法により測定した。
表1に記載の含有割合となるようにし、加熱圧縮の条件を適宜調整したほかは、実施例1と同様にして不織布を調製し、不織布ウェブを得た。得られた不織布ウェブの単位面積当たりの重量、曲げ剛性、厚み、嵩密度、ソリディティ、及び通気抵抗についても実施例1同様に測定した。不織布ウェブの垂直入射吸音率についても評価した。結果を表1に示す。図5は、実施例1〜6及び比較例1〜4に係る不織布ウェブに対する吸音率測定の結果を示す図である。
実施例2で得られた不織布(2)と、比較例2で得られた不織布(B)とを接着剤を接着剤により接着することで、二層構成でなる不織布ウェブを得た。得られた不織布ウェブについて、実施例1と同様にして、二層からなる不織布ウェブの単位面積当たりの重量、曲げ剛性、厚み、嵩密度、ソリディティ、及び通気抵抗を評価し、二層構成からなる不織布ウェブの垂直入射吸音率を評価した。結果を表2に示す。なお、垂直入射吸音率の測定においては、第1の不織布が音圧の入射側となるように、不織布ウェブを設置して行った。
第1の不織布、第2の不織布として、表2に記載の不織布を用いた他は実施例7と同様にして、二層構成でなる不織布ウェブを得た。得られた不織布ウェブについて、実施例一と同様にして、二層からなる不織布の単位面積当たりの重量、曲げ剛性、厚み、嵩密度、充填率、及び通気抵抗を評価し、二層構成からなる不織布ウェブの垂直入射吸音率を評価した。結果を表2に示す。図6は、実施例7〜9に係る不織布ウェブに対する垂直入射吸音率測定の結果を示す図である。なお、垂直入射吸音率の測定においては、第1の不織布が音圧の入射側となるように、不織布ウェブを設置して行った。
参考例として、ステープルファイバーとバインダーファイバーとを含む不織布からなるフェンダーライナー用の吸音材として流通している吸音材(1)〜(5)に対して、実施例1と同様の方法により、吸音材の単位面積当たりの重量、曲げ剛性、厚み、及び通気抵抗を評価し、吸音材の垂直入射吸音率を評価した。結果を表3に示す。なお、垂直入射吸音率の測定においては、第1の不織布が音圧の入射側となるように、不織布ウェブを設置して行った。図7は、参考例1〜5に係る吸音材に対する垂直入射吸音率測定の結果を示す図である。
Claims (7)
- メルトブローン繊維と、
前記メルトブローン繊維と交絡するように配置され、交絡点の少なくとも一部において前記メルトブローン繊維と融着したバインダー繊維と、を有する不織布を備える不織布ウェブであって、
前記不織布の単位面積当たりの重量が400g/m2以上1500g/m2以下であり、且つ前記不織布の曲げ剛性が2.0N/50mm以上20.0N/50mm以下である、不織布ウェブ。 - 前記バインダー繊維の含有量は、前記メルトブローン繊維及び前記バインダー繊維の合計量100質量部に対して、30質量部以上85質量部以下である、請求項1に記載の不織布ウェブ。
- ソリディティが15%以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の不織布ウェブ。
- 前記不織布は、前記メルトブローン繊維及び前記バインダー繊維を備える不織布の複数の積層体である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の不織布ウェブ。
- 前記不織布は、前記メルトブローン繊維及び前記バインダー繊維を備える、第1及び第2の不織布の積層体であり、
前記第1の不織布は、単位面積当たりの重量が400g/m2以上1500g/m2未満であり、
第2の不織布は、単位面積当たりの重量が0g/m2を超え400g/m2以下である、請求項4に記載の不織布ウェブ。 - 前記第1の不織布における前記バインダー繊維の含有量が、前記第1の不織布を構成する前記メルトブローン繊維及び前記バインダー繊維の合計量100質量部に対して、30質量部以上85質量部以下である、請求項5に記載の不織布ウェブ。
- 車両外装材用の吸音部材である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の不織布ウェブ。
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