JP6231027B2 - フロースルー式での生物製剤からのタンパク質凝集体の除去 - Google Patents
フロースルー式での生物製剤からのタンパク質凝集体の除去 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6231027B2 JP6231027B2 JP2015000657A JP2015000657A JP6231027B2 JP 6231027 B2 JP6231027 B2 JP 6231027B2 JP 2015000657 A JP2015000657 A JP 2015000657A JP 2015000657 A JP2015000657 A JP 2015000657A JP 6231027 B2 JP6231027 B2 JP 6231027B2
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Description
本発明は、生物医薬組成物中のタンパク質凝集体から対象の生成物、例えば、治療用抗体または単量体タンパク質を分離するための新規且つ改善された組成物並びにそのような組成物を用いるフロースルー方法を提供する。本明細書で述べる組成物および方法は、例えば、単量体タンパク質から分離することが一般的に困難である、二量体、三量体および四量体などの低次のタンパク質凝集体から対象の単量体タンパク質を分離するのに特に有用である。
「クロマトグラフィー」という用語は、本明細書で用いているように、生物製剤における混入物質および/またはタンパク質凝集体から対象の生成物(例えば、治療用タンパク質または抗体)を分離するあらゆる種類の技術を意味する。
本発明は、通常対象の生成物であるタンパク質の単量体より有利にタンパク質凝集体に結合する、固体担体に結合した特定の密度の結合基またはリガンドを有する固体担体を提供する。理論により拘束されることを望むものでないが、任意の適切な固体担体を本発明の場合に用いることができることが考えられる。例えば、固体担体は、多孔性若しくは非多孔性であり得、または、モノリス若しくは膜の形態などの連続性であり得る。固体担体はまた、粒子、ビーズまたは繊維の形態などの不連続性であり得る。いずれの場合(連続性または不連続性)においても、固体担体の重要な特徴は、それらが高表面積、機械的完全性、水性環境における完全性および結合基の接近可能性を保証するための流速分布をもたらす能力を有することである。
多種多様の結合基またはリガンドを固体担体に結合させ、本明細書で述べたように、試料からのタンパク質凝集体の効果的な除去のために用いることができる。一般的に、結合基は、溶液中のタンパク質凝集体を引きつけ、結合することができるべきである。結合基に対するタンパク質の引力は、イオン性(例えば、陽イオン交換基)、極性、分散性、疎水性、親和性、金属キレート化またはファンデルワールスを包含する任意の種類のものであり得る。
本明細書で述べる組成物および方法において、適切な結合基を固体担体に結合させ、対象の生成物と比べてタンパク質凝集体に結合するより大きい能力を提供するように、固体担体上の結合基の密度を制御する。
いくつかの実施形態において、本明細書で述べたように、結合基が結合した固体担体を装置に組み込む。微細孔膜などの固体担体用の適切な装置は、ろ過カートリッジ、カプセルおよびポッドを包含する。具体例としての装置は、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる、米国特許公開番号US20100288690A1およびUS20080257814A1に開示された積層プレートろ過カートリッジも包含する。これらの装置の場合、固体担体がポリマーハウジングに永久的に結合され、装置は、液体入口、出口および通気開口部を有し、保持される液体の容積をさらに最小限にする。他の具体例としての装置は、ひだ状フィルターカートリッジおよびらせん状フィルターカートリッジを包含する。さらに他の具体例としての装置は、クロマトグラフィーカラムである。クロマトグラフィーカラムは、ガラス、金属、セラミックおよびプラスチックなどの多くの適切な材料から製造することができる。これらのカラムは、最終使用者により固体担体を充填することができ、または製造業者によりあらかじめ充填され、充填された状態で最終使用者に輸送することもできる。
結合基(例えば、陽イオン交換結合基)が結合した固体担体を含む装置は、フロースルー式でのタンパク質凝集体の除去のために用いることができる。分取規模に分離の適用の前に、プロセスを開発し、pHおよび伝導度などの溶液条件について開発およびバリデートしなければならず、装置へのタンパク質負荷の範囲を決定しなければならない。プロセス開発およびバリデーションの方法は、産業界において広く公知であり、日常的に実施されている。それらは、本明細書における実施例に示す実験計画(DoE)アプローチを通常含む。
陽イオン交換(CEX)表面修飾膜の調製
この実験では、各種の密度の結合基を有する一連のCEX表面修飾膜を調製したが、結合基はこの場合、負に荷電したスルホン酸残基である。陽イオン交換基の密度は、表面修飾に用いた反応性溶液の配合(formulation)により制御した。より低い密度を達成するために、非荷電反応性単量体N,N−ジメチルアクリルアミドを種々の量で加えた。
静的容量測定を用いた凝集体結合選択性の分析
この実験では、実施例1で調製した様々な密度の結合基を有するCEX膜を、タンパク質単量体およびタンパク質凝集体に結合するそれらの選択性について試験した。
部分的に精製したモノクローナル抗体(MAbI)のフロースルー式での凝集体の除去
代表的な実験において、フロースルー式でモノクローナル抗体を含有する試料からのタンパク質凝集体を除去するための本発明による膜の良好な使用が実証された。
部分的に精製したモノクローナル抗体(MAbII)のフロースルー式での凝集体の除去
他の実験において、異なるモノクローナル抗体を含有する試料からのタンパク質凝集体の除去における本発明による膜の良好な使用を実証する。
高pH誘導凝集体を含有する部分的に精製したモノクローナル抗体(MabIII)のフロースルー式での凝集体の除去
他の実験において、さらに他のモノクローナル抗体MAbIIIを含有する試料からのタンパク質凝集体の除去における本発明による膜の良好な使用を実証する。
タンパク質単量体およびタンパク質凝集体の精製
この実験において、膜7のさらなる特徴付けのために純抗体単量体および凝集体の製剤を分取SECを用いて得た。
立体質量作用(SMA)モデルパラメーター:特性電荷(v)およびSMA平衡定数(KSMA)の測定
以下の実験は、本発明による膜について観測された凝集体結合選択性のメカニズムを解釈するためにデザインした。立体質量作用(SMA)モデル(例えば、Brooks C.A.およびCramer S.M.、Displacemnent profiles and induced salt gradients、AIChE Journal、38巻、1969−1978頁、1992年参照)を用いて、表面との凝集体相互作用の数(v)並びに表面に対する単量体および凝集体の親和性を反映する、単量体および凝集体の親和定数(KSMA)を測定した。
膜7の操作ウインドウの決定
代表的な実験において、実験計画法(DoE)アプローチを用いて、実際的なプロセスウインドウ、すなわち、溶液pH、イオン伝導度および本発明による膜上へのタンパク質負荷の組合せを達成することができることが示された。実験計画法(DoE)アプローチは、信頼できる操作条件を明らかにするための広く受け入れられたエンジニアリングツールである(例えば、Anderson M.J.およびWhitcomb P.J.、2010 Design of Experiments.Kirk−Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology、1−22頁参照)。
熱誘導凝集体を含有する原料流を用いた抗体精製時の下流ウイルスフィルターの保護における本発明による膜の使用
この実施例では、本明細書で述べる1つまたは複数の陽イオン交換基を含む膜を良好に用いて、精製プロセスにおける下流ウイルスフィルターの処理量を増加させることができることを示す。
モノクローナル抗体原料流を用いた下流ウイルスフィルターの保護における本発明による膜の使用
部分的に精製したモノクローナルIgG原料(MAbIII)の溶液は、8.5mS/cm(添加NaClを用いた)の伝導度を有するpH5、50mM酢酸緩衝液中6g/Lに調製した。MAbIIIは、高pH(11)であらかじめショックを加えて、約4%の総凝集体(SEC−HPLCにより測定)を発生させた。3.1cm2のろ過面積を有するマイクロろ過装置を3層の膜を用いて前成形し、Viresolve(登録商標)Pro装置(EMD Millipore Corporation、Billerica、MA)と1:1の面積比で直列に配置した。両装置を無菌化ろ過済み緩衝液のみ(pH5、50mM酢酸塩、8.5mS/cm)を用いてあらかじめ濡らし、排出して空気を除去した。ウイルス膜も30psiの一定背圧を発生させた一定流量で10分間前処理した。次いで、MAbIII溶液を直列の装置に200L/(m2−時間)の定流量で供給し、背圧対時間を測定した。実測背圧が30psiに到達したエンドポイントで総体積処理量を測定した。30psiカットオフにおけるL/m2処理量を膜1m2当たりのMAbのkg量に換算した。
膜7と流体連通しているウイルスフィルターの性能に対する滞留時間の影響
この代表的な実験において、ウイルスろ過の性能に対する滞留時間の影響を検討する。ここで、ウイルスフィルターは、フロースルー精製プロセスにおける膜7の下流に配置されている。膜7を含有する装置およびウイルスろ過ステップへのより低い流速がウイルスフィルターのより高い処理量をもたらすことが認められる。
いくつかのフロースルー不純物除去ステップを1つに接続する
この代表的な実験において、純度および収率目標を満たしながら、いくつかの不純物除去ステップを1つの簡単な操作に接続する実現可能性を示す。これは、個々の装置、すなわち、活性炭、陰イオン交換クロマトグラフィー装置(例えば、ChromaSorb(商標))、pH変更用インラインスタティックミキサーおよび/またはサージタンク、本明細書で述べる凝集体除去用陽イオン交換フロースルー装置並びにウイルス除去装置(例えば、Viresolve(登録商標)Pro)を接続することによって行う。
AMPS/DMAMグラフトコポリマーで修飾したポリマー強陽イオン交換(CEX)樹脂の調製
この代表的な実験において、グラフトAMPS/DMAMコポリマー表面を有し、負に荷電したスルホン酸残基である各種密度の結合基を有する一連の陽イオン交換(CEX)樹脂(強CEX)を調製した。強陽イオン交換基のリガンド密度および組成は、表面の修飾に用いた反応性溶液の組成により制御した。強陽イオン交換基の密度を変化させるために、AMPSおよびDMAMを様々なモル比で添加した。
AMPS/DMAMグラフトコポリマーで修飾したポリマー強陽イオン交換(CEX)樹脂を用いたモノクローナル抗体原料からの凝集体の除去
樹脂試料ロット番号12LPDZ119、12LPDZ128および12LPDZ129を6.6mmの内径を有するOmnifit(登録商標)クロマトグラフィーカラムに3cmの層高まで充填して、約1mLの充填樹脂層を得た。AKTA Explorer 100(クロマトグラフィーシステム)を装着し、フロースルークロマトグラフィーについてこれらのカラムをスクリーニングするのに適する緩衝液で平衡化した(表10)。樹脂試料12LPDZ119、12LPDZ128および12LPDZ129を含有するクロマトグラフィーカラムを平衡化緩衝液を有するクロマトグラフィーシステム上に装着した。原料は、ProSep(登録商標)Ultra Plusアフィニティークロマトグラフィー媒体を用いて精製し、2Mトリス塩基でpH5.0に調整したIgG1(MAbB)であった。プロテインAプールの最終MAbB濃度は、13.8mg/mLであり、2.05%の凝集生成物を含有し、伝導度は、約3.5mS/cmであった。樹脂に3分の滞留時間で、414mg/mLの負荷密度まで負荷した。
AMPS/DMAMグラフトコポリマーで修飾したポリマー強陽イオン交換(CEX)樹脂の調製
250mLガラスジャー中に、Toyopearl HW75−Fクロマトグラフィー樹脂の64ml湿潤ケーキを加えた。次に、115gの5M水酸化ナトリウム、18.75gの硫酸ナトリウムおよび4mLのアリルグリシジルエーテル(AGE)を樹脂を含有するジャーに加えた。次いで、ジャーを50℃のハイブリダイザー中に入れ中速度で一夜回転させた。翌日、樹脂を焼結ガラスフィルターアセンブリ(EMD Millipore Corporation、Billerica、MA)でろ過排液し、湿潤ケーキをメタノールで洗浄し、次いで、脱イオン水ですすいだ。ガラスバイアル中に、AGE活性化樹脂の10mLの湿潤ケーキを加えた。ガラスバイアルに、0.2gの過硫酸アンモニウム、0.3gのAMPS、1.2gのDMAMおよび48gの脱イオン水を加え、バイアルを60℃に16時間加熱した。翌日、樹脂を焼結ガラスフィルターアセンブリ(EMD Millipore Corporation、Billerica、MA)でろ過排液し、湿潤ケーキをメタノールおよび脱イオン水の溶液で洗浄し、樹脂をロット#1712とラベル表示した。
AMPS/DMAMグラフトコポリマーで修飾したポリマー強陽イオン交換(CEX)樹脂を用いたモノクローナル抗体原料からの種々の滞留時間での凝集体の除去
実施例14からの得られた樹脂ロット#1712を6.6mmの内径を有するOmnifit(登録商標)クロマトグラフィーカラムに3cmの層高まで充填して、約1mLの充填樹脂層を得た。AKTA Explorer 100(クロマトグラフィーシステム)を装着し、フロースルークロマトグラフィーについてこれらのカラムをスクリーニングするのに適する緩衝液で平衡化した(実施例14と同様)。樹脂試料を含有するクロマトグラフィーカラムを平衡化緩衝液を含むクロマトグラフィーシステム上に装着した。原料は、ProSep(登録商標)Ultra Plusアフィニティークロマトグラフィー媒体を用いて精製し、2Mトリス塩基でpH5.0に調整したIgG1(mAb5)原料であった。プロテインAプールの最終濃度を4mg/mLに希釈し、5.5%の凝集生成物を含有し、伝導度は、約3.2mS/cmであった。樹脂に1、3または6分の滞留時間で、144mg/mLの負荷密度まで負荷した。3分の滞留時間のストリップピーク画分は、95.6%の凝集体を含有しており、凝集種に対する高いレベルの選択性が示唆される。結果を下の表11に示す。
プロテインAアフィニティークロマトグラフィーを用い、その後、クロマトグラフィー樹脂を用いたモノクローナル抗体の精製
本明細書で述べる代表的な実験において、プロテインAアフィニティークロマトグラフィーを用い、その後、本発明によるクロマトグラフィー樹脂を用いて、モノクローナル抗体を精製した。この実験の結果は、フロースルー式で行う場合に、本方法が伝導度の増加または希釈の使用を必要としなかったという予期しない所見を示すものである。
AMPS/DMAMグラフトコポリマーで修飾した強陽イオン交換(CEX)翼状繊維の調製
この代表的な実験において、陽イオン交換翼状繊維を固体担体として用いた。
AMPS/DMAMグラフトコポリマーで修飾した強陽イオン交換(CEX)翼状繊維を用いたモノクローナル抗体原料からの凝集体の除去
実施例17から得られた修飾翼状繊維ロット#1635−1、#1635−2および#1635−5を6.6mmの内径を有するOmnifit(登録商標)クロマトグラフィーカラムに3cmの層高まで充填して、約1mLの充填繊維層を得た。AKTA Explorer 100(クロマトグラフィーシステム)を装着し、フロースルークロマトグラフィーについてこれらのカラムをスクリーニングするのに適する緩衝液で平衡化した(実施例13と同様)。翼状繊維試料を含有するクロマトグラフィーカラムを平衡化緩衝液を含むクロマトグラフィーシステム上に装着した。原料は、プロテインAアフィニティークロマトグラフィーを用いて精製し、2Mトリス塩基でpH5.0に調整したIgG1(mAb5)原料であった。プロテインAプールの最終濃度は、4mg/mLであり、5.5%の凝集またはHMW生成物を含有していた。繊維ロット#1635−1およびロット#1635−2を充填したカラムに64mg/mLの質量負荷まで負荷し、繊維ロット1635−5を充填したカラムに80mg/mLの質量負荷まで負荷した。結果を下の表14に示す。
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CN110256628A (zh) | 2019-09-20 |
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JP5768070B2 (ja) | 2015-08-26 |
JP6580650B2 (ja) | 2019-09-25 |
ES2644744T3 (es) | 2017-11-30 |
KR101966692B1 (ko) | 2019-04-09 |
CN103382215B (zh) | 2016-08-24 |
KR101520753B1 (ko) | 2015-05-15 |
KR20150043271A (ko) | 2015-04-22 |
EP3730510A1 (en) | 2020-10-28 |
JP2018048162A (ja) | 2018-03-29 |
KR20140141562A (ko) | 2014-12-10 |
SG10201701224UA (en) | 2017-04-27 |
CN104817611A (zh) | 2015-08-05 |
EP3312190B1 (en) | 2020-05-27 |
EP3312190A1 (en) | 2018-04-25 |
ES2812648T3 (es) | 2021-03-17 |
JP2013189427A (ja) | 2013-09-26 |
KR20130105340A (ko) | 2013-09-25 |
CN103382215A (zh) | 2013-11-06 |
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US20130245139A1 (en) | 2013-09-19 |
KR20150093642A (ko) | 2015-08-18 |
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