JP6210698B2 - 吸着剤、有害物質で汚染された排水の浄化方法並びに有害物質で汚染された土壌の浄化方法 - Google Patents
吸着剤、有害物質で汚染された排水の浄化方法並びに有害物質で汚染された土壌の浄化方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6210698B2 JP6210698B2 JP2013055769A JP2013055769A JP6210698B2 JP 6210698 B2 JP6210698 B2 JP 6210698B2 JP 2013055769 A JP2013055769 A JP 2013055769A JP 2013055769 A JP2013055769 A JP 2013055769A JP 6210698 B2 JP6210698 B2 JP 6210698B2
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- YEZHENDLEQKJRY-UHFFFAOYSA-J [Zr+4].CCCCOC(C([O-])=O)C(=O)C(CC)(OCCCC)OCCCC.CCCCOC(C([O-])=O)C(=O)C(CC)(OCCCC)OCCCC.CCCCOC(C([O-])=O)C(=O)C(CC)(OCCCC)OCCCC.CCCCOC(C([O-])=O)C(=O)C(CC)(OCCCC)OCCCC Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCCCOC(C([O-])=O)C(=O)C(CC)(OCCCC)OCCCC.CCCCOC(C([O-])=O)C(=O)C(CC)(OCCCC)OCCCC.CCCCOC(C([O-])=O)C(=O)C(CC)(OCCCC)OCCCC.CCCCOC(C([O-])=O)C(=O)C(CC)(OCCCC)OCCCC YEZHENDLEQKJRY-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M acetoacetate Chemical compound CC(=O)CC([O-])=O WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- XGZGKDQVCBHSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC XGZGKDQVCBHSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VZDYWEUILIUIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-J cerium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Ce+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O VZDYWEUILIUIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910000355 cerium(IV) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BAAAEEDPKUHLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BAAAEEDPKUHLID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005595 deprotonation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010537 deprotonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZZNQQQWFKKTOSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethoxy(diphenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZNQQQWFKKTOSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(dimethyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(C)OC JJQZDUKDJDQPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHUXYBVKTIBBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy(diphenyl)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 AHUXYBVKTIBBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHGNXNCOTZPEEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxy-methyl-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 WHGNXNCOTZPEEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldiethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(C)OCC YYLGKUPAFFKGRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEJNLUBEFCNORG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ditridecyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCC XEJNLUBEFCNORG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052675 erionite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001095 inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- YQCIWBXEVYWRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;sulfane Chemical compound C.S YQCIWBXEVYWRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)OC BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCCN PHQOGHDTIVQXHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CAQIWIAAHXOQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid;propan-2-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CC(C)O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O CAQIWIAAHXOQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyltriethoxysilane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003493 octyltriethoxysilane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozirconium;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.[Zr]=O CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013500 performance material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052665 sodalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001575 sodium mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940047908 strontium chloride hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AMGRXJSJSONEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium dichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.Cl[Sr]Cl AMGRXJSJSONEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000349 titanium oxysulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- PMQIWLWDLURJOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,10,10,10-heptadecafluorodecyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)CCC(F)(F)F PMQIWLWDLURJOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPCXHCSZMTWUBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,8,8,8-tridecafluorooctyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)CCC(F)(F)F BPCXHCSZMTWUBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLGWXNBXAXOQBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCC(F)(F)F ZLGWXNBXAXOQBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(ethyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC)(OCC)OCC DENFJSAFJTVPJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUMSTCDLAYQDNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(hexyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC WUMSTCDLAYQDNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 JCVQKRGIASEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[SiH](OCC)OCC QQQSFSZALRVCSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYJRNCYWTVGEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2-methylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC(C)C XYJRNCYWTVGEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLGNHOJUQFHYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCC(F)(F)F JLGNHOJUQFHYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Description
イソプロピルトリス(ジオクチルパイロホスフェート)チタネート、イソプロピルトリ(N−アミノエチル・アミノエチル)チタネート、テトラオクチルビス(ジトリデシルホスフェイト)チタネート、テトラ(2−2−ジアリルオキシメチル−1−ブチル)ビス(ジトリデシル)ホスフェイトチタネート、ビス(ジオクチルパイロホスフェート)オキシアセテートチタネート、ビス(ジオクチルパイロホスフェート)エチレンチタネート等が挙げられる。
ジルコニウムトリブトキシアセチルアセトネート等が挙げられる。
本発明において重要な点は、本発明の磁性を有する吸着剤を用いることにより、排水或いは土壌中に含まれる微量な有害物質を可及的に吸着でき、さらに磁場を作用させて、容易に排水或いは土壌から有害物質を含む吸着剤を迅速かつ選択的に分離することができるという事実である。
内容積100lの反応容器中に、Siとして1.0mol/lの3号オルトケイ酸ナトリウム溶液28lを投入した後、Al3+0.5mol/lの塩化アルミニウム溶液40lを添加・混合し、つぎに3NのNaOH溶液をpH7.2になるまで滴下して、さらに水を加えて、溶液量95l・温度40℃に調整した。
吸着剤成分の生成反応におけるアルカリ水溶液の種類、濃度及び使用量、水溶性ケイ素水溶液及び水溶性アルミニウムの種類、濃度及び使用量、添加元素原料の種類、濃度、使用量などを種々変化させた以外は、吸着剤成分1と同様にして含水アルミノケイ酸塩粒子を生成した。
粒径63μm以下の天然ゼオライト((株)イズカ製イズカライト)を、ビーズミル「ファインミルSF15」(日本コークス工業株式会社製)にて粉砕処理して得た平均粒子径4.3μm、BET比表面積53m2/gのゼオライト粒子を吸着成分6として用意した。また、吸着剤成分7として、平均粒子径0.05μm、BET比表面積100m2/gのプリシアンブルー(大日精化(株)製紺青)を用意した。
磁性担体粒子として表3に示す組成、特性を有する酸化鉄及び金属鉄粒子粉末を用意した。
磁性担体粒子1のマグネタイト粒子粉末をエッジランナー「ミックスマーラーMSH−0LH型」(新東工業株式会社製)に2.0kg投入し、表面改質剤であるメチルトリエトキシシラン(商品名:TSL8123N:モメンティブ・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ・ジャパン合同会社製)40gを40mlのエタノールで混合希釈して得られるメチルトリエトキシシラン溶液を、エッジランナーを稼動させながら上記磁性担体粒子1に添加し、392N/cm(40kgf/cm)の線荷重で20分間混合攪拌を行った。なお、このときの撹拌速度は22rpmで行った。得られた表面改質剤被覆マグネタイト粒子に対する表面改質剤(メチルトリエトキシシランから生成したオルガノシラン化合物)の被覆量は、Si換算で0.30重量%であった。
磁性担体粒子の種類、表面改質剤による被覆工程における添加物の種類、添加量、エッジランナー処理の線荷重及び時間、吸着剤成分の付着工程における吸着剤成分の種類、添加量、エッジランナー処理の線荷重及び時間を種々変化させた以外は、前記吸着剤1と同様にして吸着剤2〜7を得た。
容量1000mlのメスフラスコに、特級試薬の塩化セシウム3.8mgを入れて超純水で溶解させてメスアップし、さらにこの溶液10mlを分取して1000mlに希釈して30μg/lのセシウム含有模擬汚染水1(pH7.8)を調製した。尚、この模擬汚染土壌に含まれるセシウムがセシウム137であった場合の放射能濃度は、9.6×107Bq/lとなる。
容量1000mlのメスフラスコに、1000mg/lのカドミウム及び鉛のICP−AES/ICP−MS用標準溶液を各10.0mlを入れて超純水でメスアップし、さらにこの溶液300mlを分取し、水酸化ナトリウム溶液で約pH4に調整した後、1000mlに希釈してカドミウム及び鉛をそれぞれ3.0mg/l含む模擬汚染水2(pH4.0)を調製した。
容量1000mlのメスフラスコに、特級試薬の塩化セシウム3.2mgを入れて超純水で溶解させ、2.5mg/lのセシウム標準溶液1000ml(pH7.8)を調製した。次に、乾燥黒ボク土100gに対して、前記2.5mg/lセシウム標準液40mlを均一に添加混合した後、80℃にて乾燥させ、セシウム濃度1.0mg/kgの模擬汚染土壌1を調製した。尚、この模擬汚染土壌に含まれるセシウムがセシウム137であった場合の放射能濃度は、3.2×109Bq/kgとなる。
容量1000mlのメスフラスコに、特級試薬の塩化セシウム3.2mg及び塩化ストロンチウム六水和物7.6mgを入れて超純水で溶解させ、セシウム2.5mg/l及びストロンチウム2.5mg/lの標準溶液1000ml(pH7.8)を調製した。次に、乾燥黒ボク土100gに対して、前記各2.5mg/lセシウム及びストロンチウム標準液40mlを均一に添加混合した後、80℃にて乾燥させ、セシウム及びストロンチウム濃度各1.0mg/kgの模擬汚染土壌2を調製した。尚、この模擬汚染土壌に含まれるセシウムがセシウム137であった場合の放射能量は、3.2×109Bq/kgとなり、ストロンチウムがストロンチウム90であった場合の放射能量は、5.1×109Bq/kgである。
実施例1
セシウム含有量30μg/lの模擬汚染水を100g採取した容量300mlのビーカーに、吸着剤1を0.20g(2.0g/l)添加して、羽根攪拌機を用いてさらに24℃で30分間攪拌混合してセシウム吸着処理を行った。この吸着剤1を含む処理水に30φ×5mmのネオジウム磁石を浸漬して、該処理水から吸着剤1を磁気分離した。磁気分離除去して回収した吸着剤1は、0.20gであった(回収率100%)。得られた磁気分離後の処理水中のセシウム濃度を「誘導結合プラズマ質量分析装置((株)日立ハイテクノロジーズ)を用いて測定した結果、2.8μg/lであった(除去率91%)。
模擬汚染水の種類、吸着剤の種類及び添加量以外は、前記実施例1と同様にして吸着試験を実施した。その結果を表6、7に示す。尚、液中の鉛、カドミウム濃度は、「プラズマ発光分光分析装置 SPS4000(セイコー電子工業(株))」で測定して求めた。
実施例11
セシウム含有量1.0mg/kgの模擬汚染土壌1を100g採取した容量1000mlのビーカーに、溶脱剤溶液として1.0mol/l硫酸を500ml添加し(固液比5/1)、羽根攪拌機を用いて70℃で1時間攪拌混合した(pH0.20)。次いで、この溶脱懸濁液を48%水酸化ナトリウム溶液で中和(pH7.0)させて静置させた後、ろ過及び水洗して得られた溶液を1000mlにメスアップして溶脱試料液とした。この試料液を1ml採取し、セシウム濃度を「誘導結合プラズマ質量分析装置((株)日立ハイテクノロジーズ)」を用いて測定した結果92μg/lであり、模擬汚染土壌中全セシウムの92%の溶脱率であった。
模擬汚染土壌の種類、溶脱剤溶液の種類及び濃度、吸着剤の種類及び添加量以外は、前記実施例11と同様にして溶脱試験及び吸着試験を実施した。その結果を表8、表9に示す。尚、液中のストロンチウム濃度は、「プラズマ発光分光分析装置 SPS4000(セイコー電子工業(株))」で測定して求めた。
2:吸着剤スラッジ
3:スラッジ回収用磁石
4:磁石移動用ベルト
5:スラッジ槽
6:回転磁気ドラム
7:スクレイパー
8:撹拌機
9:スラッジ引抜ポンプ
10:磁石
11:磁気フィルター(磁気分離位置)
12:磁気フィルター(逆流洗浄位置)
13:水道水等
14:処理水
15:逆流洗浄水
16:磁気フィルター
17:吸着剤
Claims (4)
- 平均粒子径が0.1〜100μmの磁性担体粒子の粒子表面に平均粒子径10μm以下の吸着剤成分が付着した吸着剤であり、前記磁性担体粒子はマグネタイト(Fe 3 O 4 )、マグヘマイト(γ−Fe 2 O 3 )、バリウムフェライト又は金属Feから選ばれる一種以上の磁性粒子であり、前記磁性担体粒子の粒子表面があらかじめ有機ケイ素化合物からなる表面改質剤によって被覆されており、前記吸着剤成分が含水アルミノケイ酸塩粒子、ゼオライト粒子及びプルシアンブルー粒子から選ばれる一種以上であり、前記吸着剤成分の付着量が前記磁性担体粒子に対して5〜50wt%であることを特徴とする磁性を有する吸着剤。
- 請求項1記載の吸着剤において、前記含水アルミノケイ酸塩が非晶質であって、SiとAlとの合計量に対するナトリウム含有量のモル比(Na/(Si+Al))が0.1〜0.5であり、Si/Alモル比が1.3〜10.0であり、BET比表面積が300〜700m2/gである磁性を有する吸着剤。
- 放射性セシウム、放射性ストロンチウム、鉛、カドミウムの少なくとも一種以上の有害物質で汚染された排水の浄化方法であって、排水中に請求項1又は2に記載の吸着剤を添加・混合して、有害物質を吸着・固定化した後、排水から吸着剤を磁気分離する汚染された排水の浄化方法。
- 放射性セシウム、放射性ストロンチウム、鉛、カドミウムの少なくとも一種以上の有害物質で汚染された土壌の浄化方法であって、有害物質で汚染された土壌と溶脱剤溶液とを接触混合させて溶脱剤溶液中に有害物質をイオン状態で溶脱させる第一工程と、第一工程で得られた溶脱剤懸濁液中の有害物質イオンを請求項1又は2に記載の吸着剤を添加・混合して、有害物質イオンを吸着・固定化した後、溶脱剤懸濁液から有害物質を吸着した吸着剤を磁気分離する有害物質で汚染された土壌の浄化方法。
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