JP6177206B2 - 髄膜炎菌(Neisseriameningitidis)組成物およびその方法 - Google Patents
髄膜炎菌(Neisseriameningitidis)組成物およびその方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6177206B2 JP6177206B2 JP2014180756A JP2014180756A JP6177206B2 JP 6177206 B2 JP6177206 B2 JP 6177206B2 JP 2014180756 A JP2014180756 A JP 2014180756A JP 2014180756 A JP2014180756 A JP 2014180756A JP 6177206 B2 JP6177206 B2 JP 6177206B2
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Description
本出願は、その全体がそれぞれ参照により本明細書に援用される、2013年9月8日出願の米国仮特許出願第61/875,068号、2014年1月13日出願の米国仮特許出願第61/926,717号、および2014年5月6日出願の米国仮特許出願第61/989,432号の利益を主張する。
本発明は、髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)組成物およびその方法に関する。
一態様において、本発明は、髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)に対する組成物に関する。組成物は、配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列を有する第一の脂質付加ポリペプチドと、配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有する第二の脂質付加ポリペプチドとを含む。
一実施形態では、組成物は、配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列を有する第一のポリペプチドを含む。好ましい一実施形態では、組成物は、配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む約60μgの第一のポリペプチドを含み、組成物は、合計体積が0.5mlであることが好ましい。別の実施形態では、組成物は、配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む約120μg/mlの第一のポリペプチドを含む。ポリペプチドは、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)株M98250771からの改変されたH因子結合タンパク質(fHBP)である。fHBPについての記述は、その全体がそれぞれ参照により本明細書に援用される、WO2012032489および米国特許公開US2012/0093852で開示されている。ポリペプチドは、ポリペプチドの3箇所の位置において共有結合で連結した主な3種の脂肪酸C16:0、C16:1、およびC18:1によって、N末端側が脂質付加されている。第一のポリペプチドは、合計で258アミノ酸を含む。
rLP2086 M98250771 CGSS−−−−−GGGGVAAD(配列番号4)
ナイセリアLP2086 M98250771 C−SSGS−GSGGGGVAAD(配列番号5)
>A05(配列番号1)
CGSSGGGGVAADIGTGLADALTAPLDHKDKGLKSLTLEDSISQNGTLTLSAQGAEKTFKVGDKDNSLNTGKLKNDKISRFDFVQKIEVDGQTITLASGEFQIYKQDHSAVVALQIEKINNPDKIDSLINQRSFLVSGLGGEHTAFNQLPSGKAEYHGKAFSSDDAGGKLTYTIDFAAKQGHGKIEHLKTPEQNVELASAELKADEKSHAVILGDTRYGSEEKGTYHLALFGDRAQEIAGSATVKIREKVHEIGIAGKQ
一実施形態では、組成物は、配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を有する第二のポリペプチドを含む。好ましい一実施形態では、組成物は、配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む約60μgの第二のポリペプチドを含み、組成物は、合計体積が0.5mlであることが好ましい。別の実施形態では、組成物は、配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む120μg/mlの第二のポリペプチドを含む。ポリペプチドは、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)株CDC1573からのH因子結合タンパク質(fHBP)である。fHBPについての記述は、その全体がそれぞれ参照により本明細書に援用される、WO2012032489および米国特許公開US2012/0093852で開示されている。ポリペプチドは、ポリペプチドの3箇所の位置において共有結合で連結した主な3種の脂肪酸C16:0、C16:1、およびC18:1によって、N末端側が脂質付加されている。第二のポリペプチドは、合計で261アミノ酸を含む。一実施形態では、第二のポリペプチドは、N末端にC−G−S−S配列(配列番号3)を含む。配列番号2の最初の4つのアミノ酸残基を参照されたい。
>B01(配列番号2)
CGSSGGGGSGGGGVTADIGTGLADALTAPLDHKDKGLKSLTLEDSISQNGTLTLSAQGAEKTYGNGDSLNTGKLKNDKVSRFDFIRQIEVDGQLITLESGEFQVYKQSHSALTALQTEQEQDPEHSEKMVAKRRFRIGDIAGEHTSFDKLPKDVMATYRGTAFGSDDAGGKLTYTIDFAAKQGHGKIEHLKSPELNVDLAVAYIKPDEKHHAVISGSVLYNQDEKGSYSLGIFGEKAQEVAGSAEVETANGIHHIGLAAKQ
ポリソルベート80(PS−80)は、非イオン性界面活性剤である。モノクローナル抗体に基づくin vitro効力検定を使用しての安定性加速試験では、最終製剤においてPS−80のMnB rLP2086タンパク質に対するモル比がより大きい場合のサブファミリーBタンパク質の不安定性が実証された。様々な比率のPS−80を用いた別の実験では、効力の保持に最適な、PS−80のMnB rLP2086タンパク質に対するモル比は、およそ2.8±1.4であることが示された。
組成物は、約0.5mg/mlのリン酸アルミニウムを含むことが好ましい。一実施形態では、組成物は、リン酸アルミニウムとしての約0.5mgのアルミニウム/mlを含む。0.50mg/mlのAlPO4を安定剤として加えると、製造しやすさおよび安定性が向上する。この濃度により、サブファミリーAおよびBタンパク質のアルミニウムへの結合(90%以上の結合)が維持される。
一実施形態では、組成物は、ヒスチジンを含む。一実施形態では、組成物は、塩化ナトリウムを含む。組成物は、約10mMのヒスチジンおよび約150mMの塩化ナトリウムを含むことが好ましい。一実施形態では、組成物は、10mMのヒスチジンおよび150mMの塩化ナトリウムを含む。
組成物をヒトに投与することによって誘発される免疫応答は、4つの髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B(MnB)株に対して、ヒト補体を使用する血清殺菌検定(hSBA)を使用して明らかにされる。hSBAにおいて使用する4MnB株は、菌株プールから選択した。菌株プールは、米国およびヨーロッパから臨床的に関係のある髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B株を体系的に集めた収蔵物であった。SBA用の4菌株のうちの2種類は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B LP2086(fHBP)サブファミリーAからのものであり、4菌株のうちの別の2種類は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B LP2086(fHBP)サブファミリーBからのものである。
一実施形態では、組成物は、hSBAにおいて同一条件下で測定したとき、組成物の用量が投与される前のヒトにおける殺菌力価と比べて、ヒトにおける殺菌力価を増大させる。一実施形態では、殺菌力価の増大は、hSBAにおいて同一条件下で測定したとき、組成物の初回用量が投与される前のヒトにおける殺菌力価と比べて、初回用量が投与される前のヒトにおける殺菌力価と比較される。一実施形態では、力価の増大は、hSBAにおいて同一条件下で測定したとき、組成物の二回目用量が投与される前のヒトにおける殺菌力価と比べて、組成物の二回目用量の後に認められる。別の実施形態では、殺菌力価の増大は、hSBAにおいて同一条件下で測定したとき、組成物の三回目用量が投与される前のヒトにおける殺菌力価と比べて、組成物の三回目用量の後に認められる。
本発明者らは、意外にも、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)に対する免疫原性組成物は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)に対する殺菌応答に悪影響を及ぼすことなく、ヒトパピローマウイルス(HPV)に対する免疫原性組成物と共に投与できることを発見した。実施例7および実施例8で説明するとおり、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)試験株への実質的なhSBA応答は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)に対する免疫原性組成物およびGARDASILが投与されたヒトの中で、また髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)対する免疫原性組成物および食塩水が投与されたヒトにおいて認められた。髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)に対する免疫原性組成物の三回目用量から約1か月後に、hSBA応答の付加的な増大が認められた。
一態様において、本発明は、ヒトにおいて、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)に対する免疫応答を誘発する方法に関する。別の態様において、本発明は、ヒトにワクチン接種する方法に関する。一実施形態では、方法は、上述の組成物の少なくとも1用量をヒトに投与することを含む。別の実施形態では、方法は、上述の組成物の少なくとも初回用量および二回目用量をヒトに投与することを含む。
本発明者らはさらに、意外にも、組成物の3用量スケジュールによって、2用量スケジュールより高い百分率のヒトにおいて、非相同のLP2086(fHBP)を発現する菌株に対するより広い殺菌力価が誘導されたことを発見した。たとえば、上述の組成物の2用量スケジュールに従って、hSBA力価が1:8以上であるヒトの百分率は、SBA試験株LP2086(fHBP)B24およびLP2086(fHBP)B44について65%以上であった。上述の組成物の3用量スケジュールに従って、hSBA力価が1:8以上であるヒトの百分率は、SBA試験株B24およびB44について86%以上であった。実施例1を参照されたい。
以下の実施例により、本発明の実施形態を例示する。本明細書において別段指摘しない限り、以下の実施例では、配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む、0.5mL用量あたり60μgの第一の脂質付加ポリペプチド、配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む、0.5mL用量あたり60μgの第二の脂質付加ポリペプチド、第一のポリペプチドに対して2.8のモル比のポリソルベート80、第二のポリペプチドに対して2.8のモル比のポリソルベート80、組成物に対しての0.5mgAl3+/ml、10mMのヒスチジン、および150mMの塩化ナトリウムを含む組成物の好ましい例示的実施形態である、治験用二価組換えワクチン(rLP2086)に言及する。より詳細には、治験用二価組換えrLP2086ワクチンは、(a)配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む60μgの第一の脂質付加ポリペプチド、(b)配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む60μgの第二の脂質付加ポリペプチド、(c)18μgのポリソルベート80、(d)250μgのアルミニウム、(e)780μgのヒスチジン、および(f)4380μgの塩化ナトリウムを含む。各用量は、0.5mLとした。
背景:11〜18才の健康な青年において、2または3回のワクチン処置を含む5種類の用量レジメン(表1)を使用して、治験用二価組換えワクチン(rLP2086)の安全性、忍容性、および免疫原性を試験した。
ヒト血流からのMnBクリアランスは、補体が媒介する溶菌によって主に実現され、無傷の補体系は、MnBが引き起こす感染に対する抵抗力にとって重要である。補体が媒介するMnBのin vivoでの溶菌は、髄膜炎菌疾患の防御の代用であることが示されている機能血清検定である、ヒト補体を使用する血清殺菌検定(hSBA)によってin vitroで模倣される。すなわち、ヒト補体を使用する血清殺菌検定(hSBA)において細菌死滅が実証されることは、髄膜炎菌疾患に対する防御と相互に関係がある。ワクチンによって惹起される免疫を、4種のMnB株(fHBP変異体A22、A56、B24、およびB44)に対するhSBAを使用して明らかにする。
3つのパラメータ、すなわち、pH、アルミニウム濃度、およびポリソルベート80(PS−80)の対タンパク質モル比は、薬品の製剤向けに最適化されている。合計体積が0.5mlである用量の組成物では、タンパク質のアルミニウムへの最適な結合は、pH約6.0、かつリン酸アルミニウム(AlPO4)としてのアルミニウム濃度0.5mg/ml(1用量あたり0.25mgのアルミニウムと等価である)で実現される。in vitroでの効力について製剤を安定化するためには、PS−80の対タンパク質モル比を2.8±1.4に保つ。ポリソルベート80(PS−80)を原薬に加えて、目標PS−80対タンパク質モル比2.8を実現する。したがって、PS−80は、薬品の製剤化の間に加えないことが好ましい。
健康な青年において二価rLP2086ワクチンと同時投与されたREPEVAX(登録商標)の免疫原性および安全性についての無作為化偽薬対照第二相試験
背景/意図:青年において髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)血清型B(MnB)疾患を予防するために開発中である治験用二価rLP2086ワクチンを、この集団において現在使用されているdTaP不活化ポリオワクチンであるREPEVAX(登録商標)(米国特許第7479283号、WO1990/013313、およびEP1666057B1、ならびにUK Marketing Authorisation PL06745/0121に記載のものでよい)を同時投与しながら評価した。
健康な青年における治験用髄膜炎菌血清型B二価rLP2086ワクチンの免疫原性
背景および意図:髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)血清型B(MnB)は、小児、青年、および成人において侵襲性疾患を引き起こす。保存された表面露出リポタンパク質であるLP2086(H因子結合タンパク質[fHBP])は、見込みのあるMnBワクチンターゲットである。治験用二価組換えワクチン(rLP2086)の安全性および免疫原性を健康な青年(11〜18才)において調査した。
3種類の第二相無作為化対照試験における、11才〜18才の健康な青年における髄膜炎菌血清型B二価rLP2086ワクチンの安全性、忍容性、および免疫原性
背景:髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)血清型B(MnB)は、青年における侵襲性髄膜炎菌疾患の主原因である。保存された表面露出リポタンパク質であるLP2086(H因子結合タンパク質[fHBP])は、MnBによって引き起こされる侵襲性疾患に対する防御の見込みのあるワクチンターゲットである。治験用二価組換えMnBワクチン(配列番号1および配列番号2、2.8のモル比のポリソルベート80、0.5mg/mlのアルミニウム、10mMのヒスチジン、および150mMの塩化ナトリウムを含み、本明細書では、実施例全体を通して「二価rLP2086」と呼ぶ)の安全性、忍容性、および免疫原性を、11才〜18才の健康な青年における3種類の第二相無作為化対照試験において調べた。
ヒトパピローマウイルスワクチンと同時投与したときの、11才〜18才の健康な青年における髄膜炎菌血清型B二価rLP2086ワクチンの免疫原性
この第二相無作為化観察者盲検対照試験では、(米国特許第5,820,870号にも記載のとおりの)ヒトパピローマウイルスに対する四価ワクチン(HPV4)であるGARDASIL(登録商標)の同時投与を伴うまたは伴わない二価rLP2086の免疫原性を、11才以上18才未満の健康な青年において評価した。GARDASILは、HPV6、11、16および18型(すなわち、HPV−6、HPV−11、HPV−16、およびHPV−18)L1タンパク質の組換え抗原を含有する。評価項目は、適用できる各血液採取時点における、4種の主要MnB試験株それぞれについてのhSBA GMTとした。
健康な青年における、二価rLP2086ワクチンと同時投与されたヒトパピローマワクチンの髄膜炎菌血清型Bに対する免疫原性
背景:この第二相無作為化試験では、11才以上18才未満の健康な青年において、ヒトパピローマウイルスに対する四価ワクチン(HPV4)と、髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)血清型B(MnB)が引き起こす侵襲性疾患に対する治験用ワクチンである二価rLP2086との共投与を評価した。
侵襲性の髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B(MnB)株に対する血清殺菌抗体応答の有効性および実証の代理としてhSBA応答を使用して、二価rLP2086の有効性を推測した。
二価rLP2086によって、流行型でアウトブレイクと関連するfHBP変異体を発現するMnB株を広範にカバーする抗体が、個体において惹起される。
ヒト補体を使用する血清殺菌検定(hSBA)において測定される殺菌性抗体は、髄膜炎菌疾患の防御と互いに関連付けられており、hSBA応答は、ワクチン有効性の代用として、日常的に使用されている。fHBP多様性の世界規模での疫学調査により、髄膜炎菌疾患の約80%が、10種の流行型fHBP変異体のうちの1種を発現する菌株によって引き起こされることが明らかになった。
>B153(配列番号6)
CSSGGGGVAADIGAGLADALTAPLDHKDKGLQSLTLDQSVRKNEKLKLAAQGAEKTYGNGDSLNTGKLKNDKVSRFDFIRQIEVDGQLITLESGEFQVYKQSHSALTALQTEQVQDSEDSGKMVAKRQFRIGDIAGEHTSFDKLPKGGSATYRGTAFGSDDAGGKLTYTIDFAAKQGHGKIEHLKSPELNVDLAAAYIKPDEKHHAVISGSVLYNQDEKGSYSLGIFGGKAEEVAGSAEVKTVNGIRHIGLAAKQ
配列番号2は、組換え髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体B01ポリペプチド抗原のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号3は、配列番号1および配列番号2の1〜4位のアミノ酸残基を示す。
配列番号4は、組換えナイセリアサブファミリーA LP2086ポリペプチド(rLP2086)(A05)ポリペプチド抗原のN末端のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号5は、ナイセリアサブファミリーA LP2086 M98250771ポリペプチド(A05)ポリペプチド抗原のN末端のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号6は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体B153のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号7は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体A04のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号8は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体A05のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号9は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体A12のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号10は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体A22のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号11は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体B02のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号12は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体B03のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号13は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体B09のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号14は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体B22のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号15は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体B24のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号16は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体B44のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号17は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体B16のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号18は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体A07のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号19は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体A19のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号20は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体A06のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号21は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体A15のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号22は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体A29のアミノ酸配列を示す。
配列番号23は、髄膜炎菌(N.meningitidis)血清型B、2086変異体B15のアミノ酸配列を示す。
Claims (4)
- ヒトにおいて、髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)血清型BサブファミリーA株に対して、また髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)血清型BサブファミリーB株に対して殺菌免疫応答を誘発するための免疫原性組成物であって、有効量の
a)配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む第一の脂質付加ポリペプチドと、
b)配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む第二の脂質付加ポリペプチドと
を含み、
ヒトパピローマウイルスに対する免疫原性組成物と同時投与されることを特徴とする、免疫原性組成物。 - ヒトパピローマウイルス6、11、16、18型のいずれか1種、またはこれらのいずれかの組合せに対する免疫応答を誘発するための、請求項1に記載の免疫原性組成物。
- ヒトにおいて、髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)血清型BサブファミリーA株に対して、また髄膜炎菌(Neisseria meningitidis)血清型BサブファミリーB株に対して殺菌免疫応答を誘発するための免疫原性組成物であって、有効量の
a)配列番号1に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む第一の脂質付加ポリペプチドと、
b)配列番号2に記載のアミノ酸配列を含む第二の脂質付加ポリペプチドと
を含み、
ジフテリア、破傷風、百日咳、および灰白髄炎に対する免疫原性組成物と同時投与されることを特徴とする、免疫原性組成物。 - ジフテリア、破傷風、百日咳、灰白髄炎のいずれか1つ、またはこれらのいずれかの組合せに対する免疫応答をヒトにおいて誘発するための、請求項3に記載の免疫原性組成物。
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