JP6158962B2 - 細胞外標的化薬物複合体 - Google Patents
細胞外標的化薬物複合体 Download PDFInfo
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Description
すべてのこれらの拘束を考慮すると、マイロターグ[ヒトの治療用使用のための、FDAによって唯一認可されたADC(非特許文献1を参照)]が、制限された有効性に起因して、近年、市場から回収されたことは当然であり、他のADCは、今日まで認可されていない。したがって、これらの必要条件を回避する、および/または既存の方法の困難および欠点を克服する、向上したADCに対する必要性が引き続き存在する。本発明はその必要性を満たす。
第1の態様では、本発明は、リンカーの最大治療効果を発揮するように、EDCに対して無傷および非開裂のままの、安定(例えば、いくつかの実施形態では、非開裂)リンカーを介して、治療薬剤が標的部位(例えば、抗体)に共有結合的に連結される、EDCを提供する。一実施形態では、EDCの標的部位は、細胞外標的を標的とし、EDCの薬剤の標的は、細胞外である。別の実施形態では、ADCの標的部位によって標的化された標的もまた、治療薬剤の標的である。別の実施形態では、標的部位の標的は、薬剤の標的を含む錯体内に存在する。他の実施形態では、治療薬剤の標的および標的部位は、異なり、高分子錯体に会合しないが、互いに接近している細胞表面上に位置する。したがって、種々の実施形態では、標的部位の標的は、治療薬剤の標的とは異なるが、2つの標的は、標的部位および薬剤が、提携して、または互いに相乗的に作用するように、接近範囲内に存在する。したがって、本発明のEDCは、一般に、標的部位の標的および薬剤の標的の両方が、互いに接近しているときに、唯一、治療的に有効である。一実施形態では、本発明のEDC内のリンカーは、非開裂可能なポリエチレングリコールリンカーである。本発明のEDCの一実施形態では、単一の薬剤は、安定もしくは非開裂リンカーを介して、単一の標的部位に付着され、標的部位および薬物は、それらの標的に結合する、および/または同時にもしくは実質的に同時に作用する。一実施形態では、EDCの活性は、非開裂リンカーの長さによって調節することができる。
例えば、本発明は、以下の項目を提供する:
(項目1)
非開裂リンカーによって、治療薬剤に連結された標的部位を含む、薬物複合体。
(項目2)
上記標的部位は、抗体、エピトープ結合ペプチド、またはアプタマーからなる群から選択される、項目1に記載の薬物複合体。
(項目3)
上記標的部位は、上記薬物複合体が細胞外標的化薬物複合体(EDC)であるような抗体である、項目2に記載の薬物複合体。
(項目4)
上記抗体は、細胞外標的に結合する、項目3に記載のEDC。
(項目5)
上記抗体および上記薬物は、細胞外標的に結合する、項目3に記載のEDC。
(項目6)
上記抗体および上記治療薬剤は、同一の標的に結合する、項目3に記載のEDC。
(項目7)
上記抗体および上記治療薬剤は、同一の標的錯体に結合する、項目3に記載のEDC。
(項目8)
上記抗体は、内在化しない、項目3に記載のEDC。
(項目9)
上記薬物は、強心配糖体である、項目3に記載のEDC。
(項目10)
薬学的に許容されるビヒクル、ベクター、希釈剤、および/または賦形剤と、治療的有効量の項目1に記載の薬物複合体と、を含む、薬学的組成物。
(項目11)
疾患を治療するための方法であって、上記疾患のための治療を必要とする患者に、治療的有効量の項目1に記載の薬物複合体を投与することを含む、方法。
(項目12)
上記疾患は、ウイルス感染、癌、腫瘍転移、細胞アポトーシス障害、変性疾患、組織虚血、ウイルス、細菌、または真菌性の感染性疾患、炎症障害、および病理的血管新生からなる群から選択される、項目11に記載の方法。
(項目13)
上記抗体は、FXYD5に、特異的に結合する、項目3に記載のEDC。
(項目14)
上記薬物は、Na/K−ATPaseイオンポンプのαサブユニットに作用する、項目3に記載のEDC。
(項目15)
上記薬物は、Na/K−ATPaseのαサブユニットに作用する、項目13に記載のEDC。
(項目16)
上記強心配糖体は、CEN08−178(3−O−ジギトキシゲニン−L−リボシド)、CEN08−193(3−O−イソジギトキシゲニン−L−キシロシド)、CEN08−243((3S)−3−N−メトキシアミノ−シラレニン−L−ネオ−4−アミノ−4−デオキシキシロシド)、CEN08−244((3S)−3−N−メトキシアミノ−シラレニン−L−ネオ−4−アミノ−4−デオキシリボシド)、CEN09−106、またはCEN09−107からなる群から選択される、項目9に記載のEDC。
(項目17)
PEGリンカーを介して強心配糖体に共有結合的に連結されたFXYD5に特異的に結合する、抗体を含む、細胞外薬物複合体。
(項目18)
上記強心配糖体は、CEN09106を含む、項目17に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
(項目19)
上記PEGリンカーは、PEG2〜PEG44を含む、項目17に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
(項目20)
上記PEGリンカーは、PEG24を含む、項目17に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
(項目21)
抗体当たりの平均負荷は、約4〜約6個の強心配糖体分子である、項目17〜20のいずれか1項に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
「アルデヒドタグ」または「ald−タグ」という用語は、ホルミルグリシン生成酵素(FGE)の作用によって、2−ホルミルグリシン残基(本明細書において「FGly」と称される)を含有するように変換することが可能な、または変換されている、スルファターゼモチーフ由来のアミノ酸配列を含有する、ペプチドまたはペプチド模倣体である。FGEによって生成されたFGly残基は、しばしば、文献において、「ホルミルグリシン」として称されるが、これは、専門的には間違いである。したがって、本明細書に使用されるとき、「アルデヒドタグ」は、「非変換」スルファターゼモチーフ(すなわち、FGEによってシステインまたはセリン残基が、FGlyに変換されていないが、変換されることが可能なスルファターゼモチーフ)を含む、アミノ酸配列、または「変換」スルファターゼモチーフ(すなわち、FGEの作用によって、システインまたはセリン残基が、FGlyに変換されている、スルファターゼモチーフ)を含む、アミノ酸配列を指すことができる。
本発明は、安定もしくは非開裂リンカー(すなわち、その最大治療効果を発揮するために、EDCに対して無傷または非開裂でなければならないリンカー)を介して治療薬剤に連結された標的部位を含む、EDC、およびこれらのEDCを採用して、より選択的に、治療薬剤を標的細胞または標的組織に送達する方法を提供する。したがって、すべての実施形態では、EDCは、細胞外標的に結合する標的部位を含有し、安定もしくは非開裂リンカーを介して治療薬剤に付着されている間に、治療効果を発揮する。いくつかの実施形態では、標的部位および治療薬剤は、異なる細胞外標的に結合するか、またはそれらに作用する。他の実施形態では、標的部位および治療薬剤は、同一の標的に結合するか、またはそれらに作用し、安定もしくは非開裂リンカーを介して、互いに付着する。
Med.1:237−243、Umana et al(1999)Nature Biotech.17:176−180)。オリゴ糖の除去は、抗体の抗原結合および他の特性を最適化し得る(Boyd et al(1996)Mol.Immunol.32:1311−1318)。
(1997))、国際公開第WO2004063362号(請求項2)、国際公開第WO2003042661号(請求項12)、米国特許第US2003134790A1号(38〜39頁)、国際公開第WO2002102235号(請求項13、296頁)、国際公開第WO2003055443号(91〜92頁)、国際公開第WO200299122号(実施例2、528〜530頁)、国際公開第WO2003029421号(請求項6)、国際公開第WO2003024392号(請求項2、図112)、国際公開第WO200298358号(請求項1、183頁)、国際公開第WO200254940号(100〜101頁)、国際公開第WO200259377(349〜350頁)、国際公開第WO200230268号(請求項27、376頁)、国際公開第WO200148204号(実施例、図4)NP −−001194 骨形成タンパク質受容体、IB型/pid=NP.sub.−−001194.1−相互参照:MIM:603248、NP.sub.−−001194.1;AY065994(2)E16(LAT1、SLC7A5、Genbank受託番号NM.sub.−−003486)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 255(2), 283−288(1999)、Nature 395(6699):288−291(1998)、Gaugitsch, H. W., et al(1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267(16):11267−11273)、国際公開第WO2004048938号(実施例2)、国際公開第WO2004032842号(実施例IV)、国際公開第WO2003042661号(請求項12)、国際公開第WO2003016475号(請求項1)、国際公開第WO200278524号(実施例2)、国際公開第WO200299074号(請求項19、127〜129頁)、国際公開第WO200286443号(請求項27、222頁、393頁)、国際公開第WO2003003906号(請求項10、293頁)、国際公開第WO200264798号(請求項33、93〜95頁)、国際公開第WO200014228号(請求項5、133〜136頁)、米国特許第US2003224454号(図3)、国際公開第WO2003025138号(請求項12、150頁)、米国特許第US20050107595号、米国特許第US20050106644号;NP.sub.−−003477 溶質輸送体ファミリー7(陽イオン性アミノ酸輸送体、y+系)、メンバー5/pid=NP.sub.−−003477.3−ホモサピエンス 相互参照:MIM:600182、NP.sub.−−003477.3;NM.sub.−−015923, NM.sub.−−003486.sub.-1を含むが、これに限定されない。
s1−S4, 1992、Tsutsumi M., et al Gene 228, 43−49, 1999、Strausberg R. L., et al Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99, 16899−16903, 2002、Bourgeois C., et al J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82, 3116−3123, 1997、Okamoto Y., et al Biol. Chem. 272, 21589−21596, 1997、Verheij J. Βl Am. J. Med. Genet. 108, 223−225, 2002、Hofstra R. M. W., et al Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 5, 180−185, 1997、Puffenberger E. G., et al Cell 79, 1257−1266, 1994、Attie T., et al, Hum. Mol. Genet. 4, 2407−2409, 1995、Auricchio A., et al Hum. Mol. Genet. 5:351−354, 1996、Amiel J., et al Hum. Mol. Genet. 5, 355−357, 1996、Hofstra R. M. W., et al Nat. Genet. 12, 445−447, 1996、Svensson P. J., et al Hum. Genet. 103, 145−148, 1998、Fuchs S., et al Mol. Med. 7, 115−124, 2001、Pingault V., et al(2002) Hum. Genet. 111, 198−206、国際公開第WO2004045516号(請求項1)、国際公開第WO2004048938号(実施例2)、国際公開第WO2004040000号(請求項151)、国際公開第WO2003087768号(請求項1)、国際公開第WO2003016475号(請求項1)、国際公開第WO2003016475号(請求項1)、国際公開第WO200261087号(図1)、国際公開第WO2003016494号(図6)、国際公開第WO2003025138号(請求項12、144頁)、国際公開第WO200198351号(請求項1、124〜125頁)、欧州特許第EP522868号(請求項8、図2)、国際公開第WO200177172号(請求項1、297〜299頁)、米国特許第US2003109676号、米国特許第6,518,404号(図3)、米国特許第5,773,223号(請求項1a、第31〜34欄)、国際公開第WO2004001004号;(10)MSG783(RNF124、機能未知タンパク質FLJ20315、Genbank受託番号NM.sub.−−017763)、国際公開第WO2003104275号(請求項1)、国際公開第WO2004046342号(実施例2)、国際公開第WO2003042661号(請求項12)、国際公開第WO2003083074号(請求項14、61頁)、国際公開第WO2003018621号(請求項1)、国際公開第WO2003024392号(請求項2、図93)、国際公開第WO200166689号(実施例6)、相互参照:LocusID:54894;NP.sub.−−060233.2, NM.sub.−−017763.sub.-1である。
99(8):2662−2669(2002)、Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98(17):9772−9777(2001)、Xu, M. J., et al(2001)Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 280(3):768−775、国際公開第WO2004016225号(請求項2)、国際公開第WO2003077836号、国際公開第WO200138490号(請求項5、図18D−1〜18D−2)、国際公開第WO2003097803号(請求項12)、国際公開第WO2003089624号(請求項25)、相互参照:MIM:606509, NP.sub.−−110391.2;NM.sub.−−030764.sub.-1である。
V.したがって、本発明のEDCの標的部位による標的化に好適な、多岐にわたる標的が存在する。これらの標的のうちの多くに対する抗体標的部位が既に存在するか、または本明細書の開示に照らして、当業者により作製が可能である。
本発明のEDCを形成するために、治療薬剤は、安定リンカーを介して標的部位に連結される。リンカーは、標的部位を、1つまたは複数の共有結合を介して薬剤に付着させ、かつ安定リンカーが必要とされるため、リンカーは、典型的には、ジスルフィド基またはエステル基を含まない。リンカーを使用して、1つまたは複数の薬剤と標的部位とを連結させて、本発明のEDCを形成することができる、二官能性または多官能性部分である。EDCは、薬剤および標的部位への結合に対する反応性官能性を有するリンカーを使用して、従来通り調製することができる。例えば、抗体型標的部位のシステインチオールまたはアミン、例えば、N−末端またはリジン等のアミノ酸側鎖は、リンカー試薬、薬物部分、または薬物リンカー試薬の官能基との結合を形成することができる。
Techniques;Academic Press:New York,p234−242)。
多種多様な治療薬剤は、本発明のEDCに使用するために好適である。例えば、制限することなく、治療薬剤は、抗腫瘍、抗血管新生、または抗炎症治療活性を有する薬剤であることができる。好ましくは、薬物がリンカーに付着される部位は、リンカー付着のみが、薬物の活性に最小限に媒介するか、または全く媒介しない位置である。本発明のEDCに使用される薬物は、細胞外標的を結合する。
Rbは、CH3、CH2OH、またはCHOであり、
Rcは、H、OH、またはCH3COOであり、
Rdは、H、OH、またはCH3COOであり、
Reは、Hであるか、または基ではなく、
Rfは、H、OHであるか、またはReがHであるか、もしくはC=Cが、Re、RfおよびRgに接合した原子間に存在するとき、Rfは、基ではなく、
Rgは、Hであるか、またはReがHであるか、もしくはC=Cが、Re、RfおよびRgに接合した原子間に存在するとき、Rgは、基ではなく、
Rhは、HまたはOHであり、
Xは、OまたはN(OR’)であり、
R’は、アルキルまたはアリール基であり、
糖は、ヘキソース、ペントース、デオキシヘキソース、デオキシペントース、デオキシ−ハロヘキソース、デオキシ−ハロペントース、デオキシ−アミノペントース、デオキシ−アミノヘキソース、テトロース、ヘテロ糖、カルボキシ糖、先述の糖の誘導体、先述の糖のうちの少なくとも1つに由来する二糖、または先述の糖のうちの少なくとも1つに由来する多糖のDまたはLである。好適な糖には、例えば、L−リボース、D−リボース、L−フコース、D−フコース、2−デオキシ−D−ガラクトース、3−デオキシ−D−グルコース、6−デオキシ−D−グルコース、2−デオキシ−2−フルオロ−D−グルコース、6−デオキシ−6−フルオロ−D−グルコース、L−リキソース、D−リキソース、L−ラムノース、L−アロース、D−アロース、L−アルトロース、D−アルトロース、L−ガラクトース、D−ガラクトース、L−キシロース、D−キシロース、D−グロース、L−マンノース、D−マンノース、L−イドース、D−イドース、L−ミカローゼ、6−ケト−D−ガラクトース、−L−アラビノース、D−アラビノース、N−アセチル−D−ガラクトサミノーズ、メリビオース、ラクトース、マルトース、D−ガラクツロナーゼ、L−タロース、D−タロース、6−デオキシ−6−アゾ−D−マンノース、L−グルコース、D−グルコース、およびそれらの混合物が挙げられる。
、
および
からなる群から選択され、
R2およびR3はそれぞれ、独立して、水素であるか、またはR2およびR3は、付着した炭素と共に、炭素−炭素二重結合を表し、
R4は、
、
、
、
、
ならびにそれらのエピマーおよび配座異性体からなる群から選択され、Xは、OまたはNR5であり、R5は、水素、メチル、エチル、イソプロピル、およびプロピルから選択される。
であり、R2およびR3は、付着した炭素と共に、炭素−炭素二重結合を表し、R4は、
、
ならびにそれらのエピマーおよび配座異性体からなる群から選択される。
および
からなる群から選択され、R2およびR3は、それぞれ、水素であり、R4は、
、
、
ならびにそれらのエピマーおよび配座異性体からなる群から選択される。
であり、R4は、
、
ならびにそのエピマーおよび配座異性体である。
であり、R4は、
、
ならびにそのエピマーおよび配座異性体から選択される。
であり、R2およびR3は、付着した炭素と共に、炭素−炭素二重結合を表し、R4は、
であり、R2およびR3は、付着した炭素と共に、炭素−炭素二重結合を表し、R4は、
ならびにそのエピマーおよび配座異性体から選択される。
本発明は、安定(および、いくつかの実施形態では、非開裂可能な)リンカーを介して治療薬剤に連結され、有効性に対して薬物および標的部位解離が必要とされない、標的部位を含む、EDCを提供する。したがって、本発明のEDCは、(i)細胞外標的を標的とする標的部位、(ii)安定もしくは非開裂リンカー、および(iii)細胞外標的を標的とする治療薬剤を含む。EDCは、以下の(標的部位)−(リンカー)−(治療薬剤)として表すことができる。
YJ. et al. J Proteome Res. 2007 Oct;6(10):3908−17)、接近標的を形成する実際のタンパク質を決定することができる。免疫沈降と連結された追加された疎水性を有する化学的架橋リンカーを採用することは、より近年の発見であり、かつ細胞膜中のタンパク質−タンパク質相互作用をマッピングするための実践的な戦略である(Tang,X.et al.Mol.BioSyst.,2010,6,939−947)。この型の接近標的が存在することが考えられると、両方のタンパク質に対して対の蛍光染料で標識された抗体を使用して、接近性を確証することができる。この型の標的に接近している薬物および標的部位を発見するプロセスは、同一のタンパク質上に存在する標的に対して上記に説明するとおりであろう。
一実施形態では、本発明は、精製されたポリペプチド(配列番号1を含む、本質的に配列番号1からなる、または配列番号1からなる、アミノ酸配列)を提供する。別の実施形態では、本発明は、配列番号1の少なくとも10個の連続残基を含む、精製されたポリペプチドを提供する。別の実施形態では、本発明は、配列番号1の少なくとも10個の連続残基を含む免疫原性ドメインを含む、精製されたポリペプチドを提供する。別の実施形態では、本発明は、0個〜約20個の連続アミノ酸置換基を有する配列番号1を含む、アミノ酸配列を含む、精製されたポリペプチドを提供する。別の実施形態では、本発明は、配列番号1に特異的に結合する抗体に特異的に結合する、精製されたポリペプチドを提供する。別の実施形態では、本発明は、生理的条件下で、配列番号1の配列を有するプローブにハイブリダイズする一本鎖核酸を提供する。
本発明に従う化合物の投与は、治療薬剤に許容され、当該技術分野において一般的に既知の投与方法のうちのいずれかによって行うことができる。これらのプロセスには、例えば、非経口、経口、経鼻、または局所投与による全身投与が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。非経口投与は、一般的に、皮下、筋肉内、または静脈内注射によって、またはかん流によって行われる。一般に、抗体ベースの治療薬は、典型的には、静脈内投与される。注射可能な組成物は、懸濁液または液体溶液のいずれかの標準的形態、または即座の液体中の溶解に好適な固体形態で調製することができる。一実施形態では、非経口投与は、一定投与量レベルの維持を保証する除放または徐放性のシステムの設置を使用する。鼻腔内投与では、当業者に周知の好適な鼻腔内ビヒクルを使用することが可能である。経口投与は、錠剤、カプセル、ソフトカプセル(放出の遅延、または徐放性の製剤を含む)、ピル、粉末、顆粒、エリキシル剤、染料、懸濁液、シロップ、および乳剤によって行うことができる。この形態の提示は、腸内バリアの通過により特に適する。
実施例1:リンカー付き治療薬剤およびビオチンの合成。
本発明の説明的化合物が腫瘍細胞を標的とし、死滅させるのに有用であることを示すために、Na/K−ATPaseに対する活性を有する治療薬剤を合成し、次いで、非開裂リンカーを介して、Na/K−ATPase特異的抗体に結合させた。薬剤を、非開裂リンカーに結合することができる活性基で合成した。薬剤を使用して、リンカーを介して抗体に連結されていないときに、対照として薬剤活性を試験することもできる。
シラレノンの[(tert−ブチルオキシカルボニル)アミノ]アセチル−ヒドラゾン。シラレノンを、参照により本明細書に援用される国際公開広報第US09/53159号(公開第2010/017480号、実施例3を参照)に説明されるように調製した。[(tert−ブチルオキシカルボニル)アミノ]アセチル−ヒドラジン(1.4g、7.4mmol)、およびシラレノン(1.4g、3.7mmol)を、メタノール(10mL)およびジクロロメタン(20mL)中に溶解した。AcOH(0.2mL)を追加した。反応を、室温で、20時間、攪拌した。溶媒を、減圧下で除去した。残基を、フラッシュクロマトグラフィー(DCM/MeOH、95:5)によって精製して、黄色粉末として、シラレノンの[(tert−ブチルオキシカルボニル)アミノ]アセチル−ヒドラゾンを得た(2.05g、100%)。1H−NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 0.72 (s, 3H), 1.02−2.60 (m, 31H), 3.84 (d, 1H, J = 5.7 Hz), 4.25 (d, 1H, J =
4.0 Hz), 5.79 (s, 1H), 6.24 (dd, 1H, J = 9.7, 0.6 Hz), 7.20−7.21 (m, 1H), 7.80 (dd, 1H, J = 9.7, 2.5 Hz); 13C−NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ16.6, 18.1, 19.1, 21.8, 27.8, 28.4, 28.5, 28.7, 29.8, 32.1, 32.8, 32.9, 34.9, 38.0, 40.6, 42,8, 48.3, 49.6, 51.1, 51.2, 77.2, 77.4, 85.1, 115.5, 121.1, 122.7, 146.8, 148.7, 162.2
8.10−8.17 (m, 2H, H−Ar); 13C−NMR (75 MHz, CD3OD) δ 60.1 (C−4), 62.3 (C−5), 67.7 (C−3), 70.1 (CH2−CH=CH2), 73.1 (C−2), 98.7 (C−1), 117.7 (CH2=CH), 129.65 (C−Ar), 131.1 (C−Ar), 134.6 (CH2=CH), 135.6 (C−Ar), 167.7 (C=O).
標的部位セクション
本発明の説明的化合物に使用した抗体の認識をよりよく理解するために、エピトープマッピングを実施した。遺伝子配列またはタンパク質配列は、既知であるか、またはEDCの抗体の標的に対して決定される。エピトープマッピングは、使用前のEDC活性の決定を可能にし得る。したがって、以前に決定されていない場所で、実施例3、4、5、6、7、および8に使用した抗体の線形エピトープ認識を決定した。ヒトFXYD5の細胞外ドメインの24位〜145位を表す、重複ペプチド配列を合成し、各ペプチドを、そのアミノ末端において、システインで合成して、マレイミド活性化BSA(カタログ番号:77116、Pierce Biotechnology)への抱合を促進させた。ペプチドを、製造元プロトコル毎にBSAに結合させ、BSAの任意の未反応マレイミド基を、L−システインの追加によってキャッピングした。ELISAプレート(カタログ番号:9017、Corning)を、4℃で、一晩、100μlの200mMの炭酸塩緩衝液(pH9.6)中、250ngの各BSA−ペプチドでコーティングした。コーティングされたELISAプレートを、PBS(pH7)で3回洗浄し、PBS(pH7)中、+1%の無脂肪乾燥ミルク(PBS+NFDM)で、30分間、阻害し、次いで、PBS(pH7)で3回洗浄した。PBS+NFDM中の1μg/mLに希釈した、100μLのNCC−M53を、すべてのウェルに追加し、室温で、30分間、インキュベートし、次いで、PBS(pH7)で3回洗浄した。ヤギ抗マウスIgGアルカリ性ホスファターゼ(カタログ番号:A1418、Sigma−Aldrich)を、PBS+NFDM中、1:15,000に希釈し、次いで、各ウェルに100μLで追加し、室温で、30分間、インキュベートし、次いで、PBS(pH7)で3回洗浄した。1mg/mLで、50mMのMgCl2を有する、1MのDEA(pH9.8)中のPNPP(カタログ番号、Pierce Biotechnology)を、ウェル当たり100μLで各ウェルに追加し、室温で、30分間、インキュベートし、450nmでの吸収を各ウェルに対して読み取った。結果は、M53が、配列番号1内に含有されるエピトープに結合することを示した。
このセクションでは、注記されない限り、すべてのEDCを、PEG24リンカーSM(PEG)24−[部品番号22114 Thermo Scientific]を使用して構築した。実施例のうちのいずれかにおいて、薬剤またはビオチンを連結するために複数のリンカーを使用しなかった。しばしば、リンカーは、抗体指定と、薬剤もしくはビオチンとの間の点線で図示される。
薬剤連結化学を実行し、それが、抗体結合と介在しないことを証明するために、ビオチンを、まず、実施例4に使用した薬剤を結合するために採用した同一の条件および、非開裂可能な二官能性PEG24リンカーを介して、抗体に結合させて、EDC活性を示した。まず、リンカーSM(PEG)24[Thermo Scientific製品番号22114]を、EZ連結アミン−PEG2−Biotin[Thermo Scientific製品番号21346]に付着させた後、BME還元抗体に結合させた。次いで、細胞および配列番号1の配列24〜39のペプチドへの結合に対して、抗体−ビオチン複合体を試験した。
本実施例では、本発明の説明的化合物が、腫瘍細胞を標的とし、死滅させる上で有用であることを、ポリクローナル抗体混合物を使用して示す。本発明のEDCを産生するために、Na/K−ATPaseに対して予想される活性を有する治療薬剤を、非開裂可能なPEG24リンカーを介して、FXYD5に対して特異性を有するポリクローナル抗体混合物に共有結合的に付着させ、薬物の標的と接近していない標的に対する抗体を含有するADCと比較した。薬剤のみ、リンカーのみを有するポリクローナル抗体(薬剤なし)、および抗体−リンカー−薬剤抱合を、培養内のA549細胞の生存率を妨害するそれらの能力に対して試験した。図3〜6に示す結果は、EDCが、種々の濃度で細胞生存率を妨害する際に活性であることを示す。結果はまた、薬物をもたない付着したリンカーを有する還元された抗体が、試験した濃度で不活性であることを示し、したがって、抗体が、活性を示すために薬剤を必要とすることを示す。結果はまた、異なる構造および活性を有する異なる薬剤を使用することができ、かつ同一の標的の異なるエピトープまで惹起された異なるポリクローナル抗体を、本発明に従い使用することができることも示す。結果はまた、細胞上であるが、薬剤の標的に接近していない標的に対する抗体が、活性ではないことも示し、抗体および薬剤の同時結合が必要であることを示す。
本実施例では、モノクローナル抗体混合物を使用して、本発明の説明的化合物が、腫瘍細胞を標的とし、死滅させる上で有用であることを示した。このEDCの実施例では、Na/K−ATPaseは、薬剤の標的であり、FXYD5は、抗体の標的である。具体的に本実施例では、EDCは、治療薬剤CEN09−106、FXYD5に対する特異性を有するモノクローナル抗体M53(接近標的)、および非開裂可能なPEG24リンカーから構成され、M53−PEG24−CEN09−106(しばしば、M53−106と称される)を産生した。1)PEG24リンカーを用いて、モノクローナル抗体アービタックス−106(EGFRは、細胞表面上であるが、Na/K−ATPase錯体に複合されない)、またはα−Fl−106(フルオレセインは、細胞表面上ではなく、Na/K−ATPase錯体に接近していない)に共有結合的に付着した薬剤CEN09−106を含有するADC、2)FXYD5(M53)に対する特異性を有するモノクローナル抗体、および3)、非開裂可能なPEG24リンカーに共有結合的に付着した治療薬剤CEN09−106に対して、M53−PEG24−CEN09−106を細胞毒性アッセイで比較した。本実施例の実験結果を、図7、8、9、および10に示す。これらの図面に示す結果は、本発明の複合体が、薬剤および抗体の標的が細胞表面上で接近しているとき、ピコモル〜ナノモル濃度で、低細胞生存率を妨害する上で活性であることを示す。結果はまた、非開裂リンカーのみに付着した(すなわち、抗FXYD5抗体に付着していない)薬剤が、本実施形態のために構築されたEDCと比較して、少なくとも100倍低い活性であることも示す。結果はまた、抗体が、単独に、試験した濃度で不活性であることも示し、したがって、抗体が、活性を示すために薬剤を必要とすることを証明する。
すべての細胞株を、完全培地[10%(wt/vol)のウシ胎仔血清(50μg/ml)で補充されたRPMI媒体1640(50μg/ml)]内に維持した。細胞を、100mlの完全培地中、各96ウェル(透明底の組織培養処理されたマイクロタイタープレート)のウェル当たり5000(H460およびA549)、または7500(HCT15およびMCD7)個の細胞密度で接種し、次いで、抗体染色前に、加湿インキュベータ内で、7%のCO2で、37℃で、72時間、成長させた。染色するために、培地を除去し、0.9mMのCaCl2、0.5mMのMgCl2、および1.5%のFBSを有するPBS中、100ng/100μLのM53またはM53−PEG24−CEN09−106を、各ウェルに追加し、室温で、30分間、インキュベートした。ウェルを、100μLの抗体希釈剤で2回洗浄し、次いで、抗体希釈緩衝液中、ヤギ抗マウスIgGの100μLの5μg/mLの溶液、DyLight488(カタログ番号:35503、Pierce Biotechnology)を、各ウェルに追加し、室温で、30分間、インキュベートさせた。ウェルを、100μLの抗体希釈剤で1回洗浄し、NiconDiaphot−TMD倒立蛍光顕微鏡を使用して、細胞を造影した。
本発明の説明的化合物が内在化されないことを証明するために、本実験の目的とは、EDC(M53−PEG24−CEN09−106)または親モノクローナル抗体(M53)が、その細胞−表面抗原に結合した後に、細胞内で内在化されるか否かを観察することであった。
本発明の化合物が、本発明のEDCに使用した抗体の結合を必要とすることを説明するために、Na/K−ATPaseに対して活性を有する治療薬剤を、PEG24非開裂リンカーを介して、FXYD5特異的抗体に付着させ、活性を、FXYD5標的と競合する過剰な遊離抗FXYD5抗体で廃止した。下記の実験では、α−Fl−CEN10−105(α−Fl−106とも称される)、CEN10−105−Cys(PEG24−106とも称される)、およびM53−PEG24−CEN09−106を、図11に示すように、変化させた。競合実験(M53 Comp)では、M53−PEG24−CEN09−106を、1nMで、すべての反応に追加し、変化した量の非抱合抗体M53を追加した。すべてを、A549細胞増殖アッセイで分析した。細胞を、完全培地[10%(wt/vol)のウシ胎仔血清およびゲンタマイシン(50μg/ml)で補充されたRPMI培地1640]内に維持した。細胞を、20μlの完全培地内で、384ウェル(白色の組織培養で処理されたマイクロタイタープレート)のウェル当たり1250個の密度で接種し、次いで、薬剤/複合体の追加前に、加湿インキュベータ内で、7%のCO2で、37℃で、24時間、成長させた。別個の96ウェルプレート内で、薬剤および抗体複合体(PBS中)ストックを、5倍の最終作動濃度で、完全培地中で連続的に希釈し、5μlを、アッセイに使用した細胞に追加した。競合アッセイ(M53 Comp)では、M53を、5nMのPEG24−106の存在下で、500〜0.11nMに連続的に希釈し、5μlのこれらの希釈剤を、本アッセイに使用した細胞に追加した。細胞生存率試験の3日前に、細胞を、薬剤/複合体でインキュベートした。細胞生存率試験は、CellTiter−Glo蛍光細胞生存率アッセイ(Promega,Madison、WI)を使用した。
抗体セクションにおいても記載されるように、本発明のEDCは、主に、抗体がその標的に結合され、その標的が治療薬剤の標的に接近しているときのみに活性である。これは、実際、両方の標的部位が存在するだけでなく、互いに接近して存在する必要があるため、選択性を増大させる。
本実施例は、標的部位の標的がスムーズンドされ、薬物がシクロパミン誘導体である、本発明の薬物複合体を説明する。本実施例では、薬剤および抗体の標的は、同一であり、抗体のエピトープ結合は、薬剤の同時結合に干渉しない。薬剤は、以下のように合成することができる。シクロパミン(1)ベラトラムカリフォルニカムから単離された天然性生物(Phytochemistry 1968,7,303−306、およびPhytochemistry 1969, 8, 223−225 and Teratology 1968,1,5−10)は、表面タンパク質スムーズン(SMO)結合することによって、ヘッジホッグシグナリングを阻害する(Genes Dev.2002,16,2743−2748)。その類似体KAAD−シクロパミン(2)は、1よりも効力が強い(Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 2002,99,14071−14076)。2の類似体(すなわち7)の合成は、抱合に公的であり、抗体を、スキーム1に示す。
実験を、2−アミノ−2−デオキシ−D−グルコース−PEG24−MAL(GlcNH−PEG24−MALまたはEDCEN10−128とも称される)の細胞毒性、および合成経路を試験するように設計した。
1−ブロモ−2−デオキシ−2−N−フタルイミド−3,4,6−トリ−O−アセチル−β−D−グルコピラノース。1,3,4,6−テトラ−O−アセチル−2−デオキシ−2−N−フタルイミド−β−D−グルコピラノース(2g、4.47mmol)を、乾燥DCM(30mL)中に溶解した。HBr(酢酸中33%、2.5mL)を、0℃で追加し、混合物を、0℃で、1時間、攪拌した。次いで、反応混合物を、クラッシュアイス上に注いだ。氷が解けた後、混合物をクロロホフムで抽出した。有機層を、NaHCO3の飽和溶液で洗浄し、Na2SO4上で乾燥させ、ろ過し、濃縮した。粗物を、精製なく次に持ち越した。Rf0.40(ヘキサン/EtOAc、50:50)。
J = 2.2 Hz), 7.72−7.88 (m, 4H); 13C−NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δδδ 16.6, 19.1, 20.6, 20.8, 20.9, 21.4, 26.9, 28.7, 28.8, 32.1, 32.7, 34.8, 37.5, 40.7, 42.8, 48.3, 49.8, 51.2, 55.0, 62.4, 62.3, 71.0, 71.9, 76.2, 77.4, 85.2, 97.5, 115.5, 120.21, 122.7, 123.7, 131.6, 134.4, 146.8, 147.9, 148.7, 162.5, 169.6, 170.4, 170.9.
本実験では、Mal−PEG2−CEN09−106(CEN10−103)、Mal−PEG12−CEN09−106(CEN10−107)、Mal−PEG24−CEN09−106(CEN10−105)、およびMal−PEG36−CEN09−106(CEN10−131)との抗体M53の複合体を、実施例5に説明する方法によって調製した。負荷比(モル薬物/モルAb)を、実施例5に説明するように計算し、下記の表に示す。
親CEN09−106化合物およびそのリンカーで修飾された形態(Mal−PEG2−CEN09−106、Mal−PEG12−CEN09−106、Mal−PEG24−CEN09−106、およびMal−PEG36−CEN09−106(実施例12に説明))を、細胞毒性に対して評価した。これらの化合物溶液のストック溶液を1.5モル過剰のL−システインと反応させることによって、mal−PEGn−CEN09−106の反応性マレイミド基をキャッピングし、これらを、薬剤のみの対照として使用した。
本実施例では、本発明の説明的化合物を、最終EDC活性に及ぼす薬物の効力および連結部位の効果を分析するために作製した。異なる細胞毒性活性を有する、異なる薬物(すべて、Na/K−ATPaseのαサブユニットに対して特異的)を、PEG24リンカーに結合させ、同一のPEG24リンカーを介してM53抗体混合物にも結合させ、試験して、比較した。データ(CEN09−106が薬物として使用されたとき)は、この薬物が、一連で最も効力が強いEDCを産生することを示す。データ(CEN09−104が薬物として使用されたとき)もまた、この薬物が、効力が弱いEDCを産生したことも示す。データ(CEN10−126が薬物として使用されたとき)はまた、この薬物が、一連で最も効力が弱いEDCを産生したことも示す。まとめると、これらのデータは、より効力が強い薬物が、最適なEDCを産生することができるが、リンカー−抗体への薬物の付着部位は、効力に大きく影響を及ぼすことができることを示唆する。
Claims (20)
- 非開裂リンカーによって、治療薬剤に連結された標的部位を含む、細胞外薬物複合体であって、前記治療薬剤は細胞外治療標的に作用し、前記標的部位は前記細胞外治療標的とは異なる細胞外標的に結合する、内在化しない抗体である、細胞外薬物複合体。
- 前記治療薬剤は、強心配糖体である、請求項1に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
- 前記非開裂リンカーは、50〜500オングストロームの長さを有する、請求項1に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
- 前記非開裂リンカーは、200オングストローム以下の長さである、請求項3に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
- 薬学的に許容されるビヒクル、ベクター、希釈剤、および/または賦形剤と、治療的有効量の請求項1に記載の細胞外薬物複合体と、を含む、薬学的組成物。
- 疾患を治療するための組成物であって、治療的有効量の請求項1に記載の細胞外薬物複合体を含む、組成物。
- 前記疾患は、ウイルス感染、癌、腫瘍転移、細胞アポトーシス障害、変性疾患、組織虚血、ウイルス、細菌、または真菌性の感染性疾患、炎症障害、および病理的血管新生からなる群から選択される、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 前記抗体は、FXYD5に、特異的に結合する、請求項1に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
- 前記治療薬剤は、Na/K−ATPaseイオンポンプのαサブユニットに作用する、請求項1に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
- 前記治療薬剤は、Na/K−ATPaseのαサブユニットに作用する、請求項8に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
- 前記強心配糖体は、CEN08−178(3−O−ジギトキシゲニン−L−リボシド)、CEN08−193(3−O−イソジギトキシゲニン−L−キシロシド)、CEN08−243((3S)−3−N−メトキシアミノ−シラレニン−L−ネオ−4−アミノ−4−デオキシキシロシド)、CEN08−244((3S)−3−N−メトキシアミノ−シラレニン−L−ネオ−4−アミノ−4−デオキシリボシド)、CEN09−106、またはCEN09−107からなる群から選択される、請求項2に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
- 非開裂PEGリンカーを介して強心配糖体に共有結合的に連結されたFXYD5に特異的に結合する、抗体を含む、細胞外薬物複合体であって、前記抗体は内在化せず、かつ前記強心配糖体は細胞外標的に作用する、細胞外薬物複合体。
- 前記強心配糖体は、Na/K−ATPaseイオンポンプのαサブユニットに作用する、請求項12に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
- 前記強心配糖体は、Na/K−ATPaseのαサブユニットに作用する、請求項12に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
- 前記強心配糖体は、CEN09−106またはCEN09−107を含む、請求項12に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
- 前記非開裂PEGリンカーは、PEG2〜PEG44を含む、請求項12に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
- 前記非開裂PEGリンカーは、PEG24を含む、請求項12に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
- 前記非開裂PEGリンカーは、50〜500オングストロームの長さを有する、請求項12に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
- 前記非開裂PEGリンカーは、200オングストローム以下の長さである、請求項18に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
- 抗体当たりの平均負荷は、約4〜約6個の強心配糖体分子である、請求項12〜19のいずれか1項に記載の細胞外薬物複合体。
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US8470980B2 (en) | 2013-06-25 |
US9364554B2 (en) | 2016-06-14 |
AU2010292172A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
JP2016056209A (ja) | 2016-04-21 |
WO2011031870A1 (en) | 2011-03-17 |
JP2017088624A (ja) | 2017-05-25 |
CA2809819A1 (en) | 2011-03-17 |
US20110064752A1 (en) | 2011-03-17 |
JP2013504585A (ja) | 2013-02-07 |
IN2012DN03025A (ja) | 2015-07-31 |
EP2475391A4 (en) | 2015-06-03 |
US20190248887A1 (en) | 2019-08-15 |
EP2475391A1 (en) | 2012-07-18 |
US20130336994A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
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