JP6137888B2 - 圧電材料、圧電素子、および電子機器 - Google Patents
圧電材料、圧電素子、および電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6137888B2 JP6137888B2 JP2013051618A JP2013051618A JP6137888B2 JP 6137888 B2 JP6137888 B2 JP 6137888B2 JP 2013051618 A JP2013051618 A JP 2013051618A JP 2013051618 A JP2013051618 A JP 2013051618A JP 6137888 B2 JP6137888 B2 JP 6137888B2
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- H02N2/16—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing rotary motion, e.g. rotary motors using travelling waves, i.e. Rayleigh surface waves
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Description
一般式(1) (Ba1−xCax)a(Ti1−yZry)O3(1.00≦a≦1.01、0.125≦x<0.155、0.041≦y≦0.074)
で表わされるペロブスカイト型金属酸化物を主成分とした圧電材料であって、
前記圧電材料にMnが含有されており、前記Mnの含有量が前記金属酸化物100重量部に対して金属換算で0.12重量部以上0.40重量部以下であり、
前記圧電材料を構成する結晶粒の平均円相当径が0.9μm以上10μm以下であり、
前記圧電材料に含まれるMn以外の副成分が前記型金属酸化物100重量部に対して0.0重量部以上であり1.2重量部より小さく、
前記圧電材料は分極されていることを特徴とする。
一般式(1) (Ba1−xCax)a(Ti1−yZry)O3(1.00≦a≦1.01、0.125≦x<0.155、0.041≦y≦0.074)
で表わされるペロブスカイト型金属酸化物を主成分とした圧電材料であって、前記金属酸化物にMnが含有されており、前記Mnの含有量が前記金属酸化物100重量部に対して金属換算で0.12重量部以上0.40重量部以下であることを特徴とする。
平均粒径100nmのチタン酸バリウム(堺化学工業製:BT−01)、平均粒径300nmのチタン酸カルシウム(堺化学工業製:CT−03)、平均粒径300nmのジルコン酸カルシウム(堺化学工業製:CZ−03)をモル比で87.5対5.1対7.4になるように秤量した。また、AサイトにおけるBaとCaのモル量とBサイトにおけるTiとZrのモル量との比を示すaを調整するために蓚酸バリウムBaC2O3を0.007mol添加した。これらの秤量粉は、ボールミルを用いて24時間の乾式混合によって混合した。得られた混合粉を造粒するために、混合粉に対してMn重量が金属換算で0.18重量部となる酢酸マンガン(II)と混合粉に対して3重量部となるPVAバインダーを、それぞれスプレードライヤー装置を用いて、混合粉表面に付着させた。
平均粒径100nmのチタン酸バリウム(堺化学工業製:BT−01)、平均粒径300nmのチタン酸カルシウム(堺化学工業製:CT−03)、平均粒径300nmのジルコン酸カルシウム(堺化学工業製:CZ−03)を表1に示すモル比になるように秤量した。また、AサイトにおけるBaとCaのモル量とBサイトにおけるTiとZrのモル量との比を示すaを調整するために蓚酸バリウムBaC2O3を表1の値になるように添加した。これらの秤量粉は、ボールミルを用いて24時間の乾式混合によって混合した。なお、実施例18にはSiとCuを、実施例21にはYを、それぞれ金属換算で合計1.0重量部になるように混合した。得られた混合粉を造粒するために、混合粉に対してMn重量が金属換算で表1の重量部になるように酢酸マンガン(II)と、混合粉に対して3重量部となるPVAバインダーを、それぞれスプレードライヤー装置を用いて混合粉表面に付着させた。
実施例1から25と同様の原料粉を用いて、表1に示すモル比になるように秤量し、ボールミルを用いて乾式混合を24時間行った。なお、比較例5には副成分としてYを金属換算で1.2重量部になるように混合した。得られた混合粉を造粒するために、混合粉に対してMn重量が金属換算で表1の重量部となる酢酸マンガン(II)と、混合粉に対して3重量部となるPVAバインダーを、それぞれスプレードライヤー装置を用いて混合粉表面に付着させた。
(実施例1から25)
続いて、実施例1から25の圧電材料を用いて圧電素子を作製した。
次に、比較例1から9のセラミックスを用いて圧電素子を作製した。
実施例1から25と同様のチタン酸バリウムおよびジルコン酸カルシウムに加え、平均粒径300nmであるジルコン酸バリウム(日本化学工業製)を用いて、BaTiO3:CaZrO3:BaZrO3=86.7:10.0:3.3に示すモル比になるように秤量し、ボールミルを用いて乾式混合を24時間行った。得られた混合粉を造粒するために、混合粉に対してMn重量が金属換算で0.24重量部となる酢酸マンガン(II)と、混合粉に対して3重量部となるPVAバインダーを、それぞれスプレードライヤー装置を用いて混合粉表面に付着させた。
次に圧電素子の耐久性を確認するため、実施例23および比較例11で作製した圧電素子を恒温槽に入れ、25℃→−20℃→50℃→25℃を1サイクルとした温度サイクルを100サイクル繰り返す、サイクル試験を行った。サイクル試験前後の圧電定数d31を評価した。実施例23は圧電定数の変化率(=(試験後の圧電定数d31/試験前の圧電定数d31)−1)が−3%だったのに対し、比較例11は−20%以上の変化が生じた。実施例のサンプルはいずれも結晶構造相転移温度を−25℃から100℃の間に有さない。そのため、−25℃から50℃の温度変化に対して、分極劣化が少なかったと考えられる。一方、比較例11は結晶構造相転移温度が−25℃から50℃の間に存在する。そのため、結晶構造相転移温度を何度も往復することにより、分極劣化が大きく生じ、圧電定数が低下したと考えられる。すなわち、結晶構造相転移温度を−25℃から100℃の間にもつ圧電セラミックスは、素子として充分な耐久性がない。
平均粒径100nmであるチタン酸バリウム粒子(堺化学工業社製、商品名BT−01)、平均粒径が300nmであるチタン酸カルシウム粒子(堺化学工業社製、商品名CT−03)、平均粒径が300nmであるジルコン酸カルシウム粒子(堺化学工業社製、商品名CZ−03)、蓚酸バリウムおよび四酸化三マンガン(Mn3O4)を、表1の実施例1記載の組成になるよう秤量した。秤量した原料粉末を混合し、ボールミルで一晩混合して混合粉を得た。
実施例1と同じ圧電素子を用いて、図4に示される液体吐出ヘッドを作製した。入力した電気信号に追随したインクの吐出が確認された。
実施例2と同じ圧電素子を用いて、図5に示される液体吐出装置を作製した。入力した電気信号に追随したインクの吐出が記録媒体上に確認された。
実施例3と同じ圧電素子を用いて、図7(a)に示される超音波モータを作製した。交番電圧の印加に応じたモータの回転挙動が確認された。
実施例4と同じ圧電素子を用いて、図8に示される光学機器を作製した。交番電圧の印加に応じたオートフォーカス動作が確認された。
実施例5と同じ圧電素子を用いて、図10に示される塵埃除去装置を作製した。プラスチック製ビーズを散布し、交番電圧を印加したところ、良好な塵埃除去率が確認された。
実施例6と同じ圧電素子を用いて、図13に示される撮像装置を作製した。動作させたところ、撮像ユニットの表面の塵を良好に除去し、塵欠陥の無い画像が得られた。
実施例7と同じ積層圧電素子を用いて、図4に示される液体吐出ヘッドを作製した。入力した電気信号に追随したインクの吐出が確認された。
実施例8と同じ積層圧電素子を用いて、図5に示される液体吐出装置を作製した。入力した電気信号に追随したインクの吐出が記録媒体上に確認された。
実施例9と同じ積層圧電素子を用いて、図7(b)に示される超音波モータを作製した。交番電圧の印加に応じたモータの回転が確認された。
実施例10と同じ積層圧電素子を用いて、図8に示される光学機器を作製した。交番電圧の印加に応じたオートフォーカス動作が確認された。
実施例11と同じ積層圧電素子を用いて、図10に示される塵埃除去装置を作製した。プラスチック製ビーズを散布し、交番電圧を印加したところ、良好な塵埃除去率が確認された。
実施例12と同じ積層圧電素子を用いて、図13に示される撮像装置を作製した。動作させたところ、撮像ユニットの表面の塵を良好に除去し、塵欠陥の無い画像が得られた。
実施例13と同じ積層圧電素子を用いて、図15に示される電子機器を作製した。交番電圧の印加に応じたスピーカ動作が確認された。
2 圧電材料
3 第二の電極
101 圧電素子
102 個別液室
103 振動板
104 液室隔壁
105 吐出口
106 連通孔
107 共通液室
108 バッファ層
1011 第1の電極
1012 圧電材料
1013 第2の電極
201 振動子
202 ロータ
203 出力軸
2011 弾性体リング
2012 圧電素子
204 振動子
205 ロータ
206 バネ
2041 金属弾性体
2042 積層圧電素子
310 塵埃除去装置
330 圧電素子
320 振動板
330 圧電素子
331 圧電材料
332 第1の電極
333 第2の電極
336 第1の電極面
337 第2の電極面
310 塵埃除去装置
320 振動板
330 圧電素子
51 第一の電極
53 第二の電極
54 圧電材料層
55 内部電極
501 第一の電極
503 第二の電極
504 圧電材料層
505 内部電極
506a 外部電極
506b 外部電極
601 カメラ本体
602 マウント部
605 ミラーボックス
606 メインミラー
200 シャッタユニット
300 本体シャーシ
400 撮像ユニット
701 前群レンズ
702 後群レンズ(フォーカスレンズ)
711 着脱マウント
712 固定筒
713 直進案内筒
714 前群鏡筒
715 カム環
716 後群鏡筒
717 カムローラ
718 軸ビス
719 ローラ
720 回転伝達環
722 コロ
724 マニュアルフォーカス環
725 超音波モータ
726 波ワッシャ
727 ボールレース
728 フォーカスキー
729 接合部材
732 ワッシャ
733 低摩擦シート
881 液体吐出装置
882 外装
883 外装
884 外装
885 外装
887 外装
890 回復部
891 記録部
892 キャリッジ
896 装置本体
897 自動給送部
898 排出口
899 搬送部
901 光学装置
908 レリーズボタン
909 ストロボ発光部
912 スピーカ
914 マイク
916 補助光部
931 本体
932 ズームレバー
933 電源ボタン
Claims (18)
- 下記一般式(1):
一般式(1)(Ba1−xCax)a(Ti1−yZry)O3(1.00≦a≦1.01、0.125≦x<0.155、0.041≦y≦0.074)
で表わされるペロブスカイト型金属酸化物を主成分とした圧電材料であって、
前記圧電材料にMnが含有されており、前記Mnの含有量が前記金属酸化物100重量部に対して金属換算で0.12重量部以上0.40重量部以下であり、
前記圧電材料を構成する結晶粒の平均円相当径が0.9μm以上10μm以下であり、
前記圧電材料に含まれるMn以外の副成分が前記型金属酸化物100重量部に対して0.0重量部以上であり1.2重量部より小さく、
前記圧電材料は分極されていることを特徴とする圧電材料。 - 前記圧電材料のキュリー温度が100℃以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の圧電材料。
- 前記一般式(1)において、yの範囲が0.051≦y≦0.074であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至2のいずれかに記載の圧電材料。
- 前記圧電材料を構成する結晶粒の平均円相当径が1μm以上10μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の圧電材料。
- 前記圧電材料の相対密度が97.0%以上100%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の圧電材料。
- 第一の電極、圧電材料および第二の電極を有する圧電素子であって、前記圧電材料が請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載の圧電材料であることを特徴とする、圧電素子。
- 圧電材料層と、内部電極を含む電極とが交互に積層された積層圧電素子であって、前記圧電材料層を構成する圧電材料が請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の圧電材料からなることを特徴とする積層圧電素子。
- 前記内部電極がAgとPdを含み、前記Agの含有重量M1と前記Pdの含有重量M2との重量比M1/M2が0.25≦M1/M2≦4.0であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の積層圧電素子。
- 前記内部電極がNiおよびCuの少なくともいずれか1種を含むことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の積層圧電素子。
- 請求項6に記載の圧電素子を配した振動部を備えた液室と、前記液室と連通する吐出口とを有する、液体吐出ヘッド。
- 記録媒体の搬送部と請求項10に記載の液体吐出ヘッドを備えた液体吐出装置。
- 請求項6に記載の圧電素子または請求項7乃至9のいずれかに記載の積層圧電素子を配した振動体と、前記振動体と接触する移動体とを有する、超音波モータ。
- 駆動部に請求項12に記載の超音波モータを備えた光学機器。
- 請求項6に記載の圧電素子または請求項7乃至9のいずれかに記載の積層圧電素子を配した振動体を有する振動装置。
- 請求項6に記載の圧電素子を配した振動体を有する、塵埃除去装置。
- 請求項15に記載の塵埃除去装置と撮像素子ユニットとを少なくとも有する撮像装置であって、前記塵埃除去装置の振動部材を前記撮像ユニットの受光面側に設けた事を特徴とする撮像装置。
- 請求項6に記載の圧電素子または請求項7乃至9のいずれかに記載の積層圧電素子を備えた圧電音響部品。
- 請求項6に記載の圧電素子または請求項7乃至9のいずれかに記載の積層圧電素子を備えた電子機器。
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| EP2902377B1 (en) * | 2014-01-29 | 2018-11-14 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Piezoelectric ceramic, method for manufacturing the same, piezoelectric element, and electronic apparatus |
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| JP2015199037A (ja) * | 2014-04-08 | 2015-11-12 | 株式会社東芝 | 攪拌装置及び自動分析装置 |
| CN103981573B (zh) * | 2014-05-21 | 2016-08-24 | 宁波大学 | 提高钙钛矿结构铁电材料居里温度的方法 |
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| EP2729971B1 (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2017-06-07 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Piezoelectric material |
| EP3293874B1 (en) | 2011-07-05 | 2019-10-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Piezoelectric element, multilayered piezoelectric element, liquid discharge head, liquid discharge apparatus, ultrasonic motor, optical apparatus, and electronic apparatus |
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| TWI545814B (zh) * | 2012-11-02 | 2016-08-11 | 佳能股份有限公司 | 壓電式材料、壓電式元件及電子設備 |
| JP2015135957A (ja) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-07-27 | キヤノン株式会社 | 圧電素子、積層圧電素子、液体吐出装置、超音波モータ |
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- 2013-03-07 EP EP13717572.5A patent/EP2825513B1/en active Active
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| KR20140143172A (ko) | 2014-12-15 |
| CN107755365B (zh) | 2021-06-22 |
| US20150053884A1 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
| US9722171B2 (en) | 2017-08-01 |
| KR101707293B1 (ko) | 2017-02-15 |
| CN104302598A (zh) | 2015-01-21 |
| JP2013216565A (ja) | 2013-10-24 |
| CN107755365A (zh) | 2018-03-06 |
| EP2825513B1 (en) | 2017-09-13 |
| EP2825513A1 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
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