JP6042902B2 - カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイト系カルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物及び製造方法 - Google Patents
カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイト系カルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物及び製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6042902B2 JP6042902B2 JP2014539154A JP2014539154A JP6042902B2 JP 6042902 B2 JP6042902 B2 JP 6042902B2 JP 2014539154 A JP2014539154 A JP 2014539154A JP 2014539154 A JP2014539154 A JP 2014539154A JP 6042902 B2 JP6042902 B2 JP 6042902B2
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- calcium
- grease
- added
- sulfonate
- acid
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M115/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular organic compound other than a carboxylic acid or salt thereof
- C10M115/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular organic compound other than a carboxylic acid or salt thereof containing sulfur
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- C10M177/00—Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
- D07B1/141—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising liquid, pasty or powder agents, e.g. lubricants or anti-corrosive oils or greases
- D07B1/144—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising liquid, pasty or powder agents, e.g. lubricants or anti-corrosive oils or greases for cables or cable components built-up from metal wires
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/02—Water
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- C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
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- C10M2201/084—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
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- C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
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- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
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- C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
- C10M2203/1065—Naphthenic fractions used as base material
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- C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
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Description
本出願は、2011年10月31日出願の米国特許仮出願第61/553,674号の利益を主張する。
本発明は、カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイトを塩基源として添加して製造される過塩基性カルシウムスルホネートグリースと、そのようなグリースの製造方法であって、グリースの製造に使用される油溶性過塩基性カルシウムスルホネートが、低品質と考えられる場合でも、増稠剤収率及び滴点によって表される期待高温実用性の双方において改善をもたらす製造方法とに関する。
過塩基性カルシウムスルホネートグリースは、長年にわたって確立されているグリースのカテゴリである。そのようなグリースを製造する1つの公知の方法は、「促進(promotion)」及び「変換(conversion)」の工程を含む二工程処理である。一般に、第1の工程(「促進」)は、塩基源としての酸化カルシウム(CaO)又は水酸化カルシウム(Ca(OH)2)の化学量論過剰量を、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸、二酸化炭素(CO2)、及び他の成分と反応させて、非晶性炭酸カルシウムが分散した油溶性過塩基性カルシウムスルホネートを生成するものである。これらの過塩基性油溶性カルシウムスルホネートは、一般に、澄明で輝いており、ニュートンレオロジーを有している。それらは、僅かに濁っている場合もあるが、そのようなばらつきは、過塩基性カルシウムスルホネートグリースの調製における使用を妨げるものではない。本開示の目的に関して、「過塩基性油溶性カルシウムスルホネート」及び「油溶性過塩基性カルシウムスルホネート」並びに「過塩基性カルシウムスルホネート」の用語は、カルシウムスルホネートグリースを製造するのに好適な任意の過塩基性カルシウムスルホネートを指す。一般に、第2の工程(「変換」)は、促進工程での産物に、プロピレングリコール、イソプロピルアルコール、蟻酸又は酢酸などの変換剤を、適切な基油(鉱油など)と共に加えて、非常に微細に分割された結晶性炭酸カルシウムの分散物に非晶性炭酸カルシウムを変換するものである。過塩基性とするために、過剰の水酸化カルシウム又は酸化カルシウムが使用されるので、残存ずる少量の酸化カルシウム又は水酸化カルシウムも、存在しているかも知れず、それらは分散するであろう。炭酸カルシウムの結晶形態は、好ましくは、カルサイトである。この極めて微細に分割された炭酸カルシウムは、コロイド分散としても知られ、カルシウムスルホネートと相互作用してグリース様稠度(grease-like consistency)を生じる。二工程処理を通じて生成されるそのような過塩基性カルシウムスルホネートグリースは、「単純カルシウムスルホネートグリース(simple calcium sulfonate greases)」として知られており、例えば、米国特許第3,242,079号、米国特許第3,372,115号、米国特許第3,376,222号、米国特許第3,377,283号及び米国特許第3,492,231号に開示されている。
Claims (37)
- 過塩基性油溶性カルシウムスルホネートと、カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイトとを成分として含んでおり、カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイトは、式Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 OH又はこれと等価な式を有しており、結晶性リン酸トリカルシウムと結晶性水酸化カルシウムの混合物ではない、カルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- 10%〜36%の過塩基性油溶性カルシウムスルホネートを含む、請求項1に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- 265〜295の60往復混和稠度及び301℃(575°F)以上の滴点を有する、請求項2に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- コンプレックスグリースであり、25%〜32%の過塩基性油溶性カルシウムスルホネートを含む、請求項1に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- 少なくとも1つの変換剤及び少なくとも1つのコンプレックス化酸を、成分としてさらに含む、請求項1に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイトの量は、全てのコンプレックス化酸を中和するには化学量論的に不十分である、請求項5に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイトによって中和されないコンプレックス化酸の少なくとも幾らかを中和するのに十分な合計量で、水酸化カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、過塩基性油溶性カルシウムスルホネートに含まれたものではない炭酸カルシウム、又は、それらの任意の組合せで構成される群から選択される1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物をさらに含む、請求項6に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- 過塩基性油溶性カルシウムスルホネートは、微細に分散した炭酸カルシウムを含み、炭酸カルシウムの5%〜30%は、カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイト及び1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物によって中和されないほぼ全てのコンプレックス化酸を中和するのに使用される、請求項7に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイトの量は、全てのコンプレックス化酸を中和するのに化学量論的に十分である、請求項5に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- 水酸化カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、過塩基性油溶性カルシウムスルホネートに含まれたものではない炭酸カルシウム、又は、それらの任意の組合せで構成される群から選択される1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物をさらに含む、請求項9に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- 促進酸をさらに含む、請求項5に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- 酸化カルシウム又は水酸化カルシウムが加えられていない、請求項9に記載のカルシウムスルホネートコンプレックスグリース組成物。
- 1又は複数の変換剤は、アルコール、エーテル、グリコール、グリコールエーテル、グリコールポリエーテル、カルボン酸、無機酸、有機硝酸塩、活性水素を含有する化合物、又は、互変異性水素を含有する化合物で構成される群から選択され、
1又は複数のコンプレックス化酸は、長鎖カルボン酸、短鎖カルボン酸、ホウ酸、及びリン酸で構成される群から選択される、請求項5に記載のカルシウムスルホネートコンプレックスグリース組成物。 - 促進酸はドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸である、請求項11に記載のカルシウムスルホネートコンプレックスグリース組成物。
- 265〜295の60往復混和稠度及び301℃(575°F)以上の滴点を有する、請求項7に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- 酸化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、又はそれらの組合せで構成される群から選択される1又は複数の塩基性カルシウム化合物をさらに含み、1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物は、カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイト及び1又は複数の塩基性カルシウム化合物の合計によってもたらされる水酸化物等価塩基性の75%以下の等価塩基性を含む、請求項6に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- 酸化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、又はそれらの組合せで構成される群から選択される1又は複数の塩基性カルシウム化合物をさらに含み、カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイト及び1又は複数の塩基性カルシウム化合物は、全てのコンプレックス化酸を中和するには化学量論的に不十分である、請求項5に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- 過塩基性油溶性カルシウムスルホネートは、微細に分散した炭酸カルシウムを含み、炭酸カルシウムの5%〜30%は、カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイト及び1又は複数の塩基性カルシウム化合物によって中和されないほぼ全てのコンプレックス化酸を中和するのに使用される、請求項17に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- 10%〜36%の過塩基性油溶性カルシウムスルホネートと、
2%〜20%のカルシウムヒドロキシアパタイトと、
2%〜10%の水と、
0.1%〜5%の合計量の1又は複数の他の変換剤と、
2.8%〜11%の合計量の1又は複数のコンプレックス化酸と、
を成分として含むことを特徴とするカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。 - 301℃(575°F)以上の滴点を有する、請求項19に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- 1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物をさらに含み、カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイトの量は、全てのコンプレックス化酸を中和するには化学量論的に不十分である、請求項19に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- 1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物は、水酸化カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、過塩基性油溶性カルシウムスルホネートに含まれたものではない炭酸カルシウム、又はそれらの任意の組合せで構成される群から選択され、1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物の合計量は、少なくとも、カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイトによって中和されない全てのコンプレックス化酸を中和するのに化学量論的に十分である、請求項21に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- 酸化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、又はそれらの組合せで構成される群から選択される1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物をさらに含み、1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物は、カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイト及び1又は複数の塩基性カルシウム化合物の合計によってもたらされる水酸化物等価塩基性の75%以下の等価塩基性を含む、請求項19に記載のカルシウムスルホネートグリース組成物。
- 非晶性炭酸カルシウムが分散した過塩基性油溶性カルシウムスルホネートを、基油及び1又は複数の変換剤と混合して変換前混合物を形成する工程と、
非晶性炭酸カルシウムの結晶性炭酸カルシウムへの変換が生じるまで加熱することによって、変換前混合物を変換後混合物に変換する工程と、
カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイトを、変換前混合物若しくは変換後混合物、又は両者と混合する工程と、
1又は複数のコンプレックス化酸を、変換前混合物若しくは変換後混合物、又は両者と混合する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする過塩基性カルシウムスルホネートコンプレックスグリースの製造方法。 - 1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物を、変換前混合物若しくは変換後混合物、又は両者と混合する工程をさらに含む、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物は、水酸化カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、過塩基性油溶性カルシウムスルホネートに含まれたものではない炭酸カルシウム、又はそれらの任意の組合せで構成される群から選択される、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 混合するカルシウムヒドロキシアパタイトの量は、全ての前記コンプレックス化酸を中和するには化学量論的に不十分であり、混合する1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物の合計量は、カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイトによって中和されないコンプレックス化酸の少なくとも幾らかを中和するのに化学量論的に十分である、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 過塩基性カルシウムスルホネートに由来する、分散した炭酸カルシウムの5〜30%は、カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイト及び1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物によって中和されないほぼ全てのコンプレックス化酸を中和するのに使用される、請求項27に記載の方法。
- グリースは少なくとも301℃(575°F)の滴点を有することを特徴とする請求項24に記載の方法。
- 変換前混合物と混合する1又は複数のコンプレックス化酸は、変換後混合物と混合する1又は複数のコンプレックス化酸とは異なる、請求項24に記載の方法。
- カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイトは、全てのコンプレックス化酸を中和するのに化学量論的に十分な量で変換後混合物とのみ混合される、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 1又は複数のコンプレックス化酸の少なくとも一部が、変換後混合物と混合される、請求項31に記載の方法。
- カルシウムスルホネートグリースは少なくとも301℃(575°F)の滴点を有し、10%〜36%の過塩基性カルシウムスルホネートを使用する、請求項25に記載の方法。
- 過塩基性油溶性カルシウムスルホネートに含まれたものではない炭酸カルシウム及び1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物を、変換前混合物若しくは変換後混合物又は両者と混合する工程をさらに含み、
カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイト及び1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物は、全てのコンプレックス化酸を中和するには化学量論的に不十分であり、
過塩基性油溶性カルシウムスルホネートに含まれたものではない炭酸カルシウムは、カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイト及び1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物によって中和されないほぼ全ての前記コンプレックス化酸を中和するのに化学量論的に十分であり、
1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物は、水酸化カルシウム、酸化カルシウム、又はそれらの組合せで構成される群から選択される、請求項24に記載の方法。 - 1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物は、酸化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウム、又はそれらの組合せで構成される群から選択され、
1又は複数の他の塩基性カルシウム化合物は、カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイト及び1又は複数の塩基性カルシウム化合物の合計によってもたらされる水酸化物等価塩基性の75%以下の等価塩基性を含む、請求項25に記載の方法。 - カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイトは、1又は複数のコンプレックス化酸の全てを中和するのに化学量論的に十分な量で変換前混合物とのみ混合される、請求項24に記載の方法。
- カルシウムヒドロキシアパタイトは、1又は複数のコンプレックス化酸の全てを中和するのに化学量論的に不十分な量で変換前混合物とのみ混合される、請求項24に記載の方法。
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| PCT/US2012/062707 WO2013066955A1 (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2012-10-31 | Calcium hydroxyapatite based calcium sulfonate grease compositions and method of manufacture |
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| US9976102B2 (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2018-05-22 | Nch Corporation | Composition and method of manufacturing calcium sulfonate greases using alkali metal hydroxide and delayed addition of non-aqueous converting agents |
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