JP6025707B2 - 癌を治療する方法 - Google Patents
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- JP6025707B2 JP6025707B2 JP2013503875A JP2013503875A JP6025707B2 JP 6025707 B2 JP6025707 B2 JP 6025707B2 JP 2013503875 A JP2013503875 A JP 2013503875A JP 2013503875 A JP2013503875 A JP 2013503875A JP 6025707 B2 JP6025707 B2 JP 6025707B2
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Description
本出願は、2010年4月6日に提出された米国特許仮出願第61/321,370号の利益を主張し、その開示は、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
いくつかの態様によれば、これらのトランスフェクトされた癌及び/又は腫瘍細胞を用いての治療と、癌の治療に効果的な他の剤又は方法とを組み合わすことが所望され得る。「抗癌」剤は、例えば、癌細胞を殺害すること、癌細胞にアポトーシスを誘発すること、癌の増殖速度を低めること、転移の発生率もしくは数を低めること、腫瘍サイズを減じること、腫瘍増殖を阻害すること、腫瘍もしくは癌細胞への血液供給を低めること、癌細胞もしくは腫瘍に対する免疫応答を促進させること、癌の進行を妨げるかもしくは阻害すること、又は癌を有する被検者の寿命を増加させることにより、被検者中の癌に対して負の影響を及ぼすことができる。より一般的には、それらの他の組成物は、細胞を殺害するか又は細胞の増殖を阻害するために有効な、組み合わされた量で供給される。このプロセスは、細胞と発現コントラクト及び剤又は複数因子とを同時に接触させることを含み得る。これは、細胞と両剤を含む単一組成物もしくは医薬製剤とを接触させるか、又は、細胞と2種の別々の組成物又は製剤とを同時に接触させることにより達成され、ここで1つの組成物はトランスフェクトされた癌細胞を包含し、そして他の1つは第2剤を包含する。
癌療法は、化学及び放射線の両者に基づく処置との種々の組合せ療法を包含する。当業者は、利用可能な化学療法剤及び組合せの範囲に精通している。化学療法剤は、例えば、シスプラチン(CDDP)、カルボプラチン、プロカルバジン、メクロレタミン、シクロホスファミド、カンプトテシン、イホスファミド、メルファラン、クロラムブシル、ブスルファン、ニトロソウレア(nitrosurea)、ダクチノマイシン、ダウノルビシン、ドキソルビシン、ブレオマイシン、プリコマイシン(plicomycin)、マイトマイシン、エトポシド(VP16)、タモキシフェン、ラロキシフェン、エストロゲン受容体結合剤、タキソール、ゲムシタビン、ナベルビン、ファルネシル−タンパク質トランスフェラーゼインヒビター、トランス白金、5−フルオロウラシル、ビンクリスチン、ビンブラスチン及びメトトレキセート、又はそれらのいずれかの類似体もしくは誘導異形体を包含する。
DNA損傷を引き起こす他の因子であって、広く使用されて来たものとしては、γ線、X線、及び腫瘍細胞への放射性同位体の誘導された送達が挙げられる。他の形のDNA損傷因子、例えばマイクロ波及びUV照射もまた企図される。それらのすべての因子は、おそらく、DNA、DNAの前駆体、DNAの複製及び修復、並びに染色体のアセンブリー及び維持に対して、広範囲の損傷をもたらす。X線についての用量範囲は、長期間(3〜4週)にわたって毎日50〜200レントゲンの用量とすることから、2000〜6000レントゲンの一回の用量とすることまで、変動する。放射性同位体の投与量範囲は様々であり、同位体の半減期、放射される放射線の強さ及び種類、並びに腫瘍細胞による摂取に依存する。
本発明の電気穿孔処理された樹状細胞は、他の形の免疫療法剤と組み合わせて投与され得る。免疫療法は一般的に、癌細胞を標的化しそして破壊する、免疫エフェクター細胞及び分子の使用に依存する。例えば、免疫エフェクターは、腫瘍細胞の表面上のあるマーカーに対して特異的な抗体であり得る。抗体は、単独で療法のエフェクターとして作用することができ、又は、細胞殺害を実際に達成させるよう他の細胞をリクルートすることができる。抗体はまた、薬物又は毒素(化学療法剤、放射性核種、リシンA鎖、コレラ毒素、百日咳毒素、等)に結合されて、単に標的化のための要素として作用することができる。あるいは、エフェクターは、腫瘍細胞標的と直接的に又は間接的に相互作用する表面分子を担持するリンパ球であり得る。種々のエフェクター細胞には、細胞毒性T細胞及びNK細胞が包含される。本発明の電気穿孔処理された樹状細胞はまた、リンパ球刺激剤(例えば、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる米国特許第5,605,885号に記載されるように、内因性プロラクチン放出を刺激する、プロラクチン作動薬又はドーパミン拮抗薬が含まれるが、それらだけには限定されない)と組み合わせて投与され得る。
生体サンプルからのエキソソームの精製
インフォームド・コンセントの後、動物からの癌細胞サンプル、例えば腫瘍生検、又は動物からの生体液サンプル、例えば血液、尿、リンパ液もしくは唾液から、サンプルを入手する。微小胞画分を分別遠心分離により調製する。最初に、細胞を、10Cで20分間、500gでペレット化して除去し、そして次に、さらなる細胞残骸を、10Cで20分間、16000gでの遠心分離により除去し、続いて0.45mmのフィルター装置(Millipore社)を通して濾過する。次に、濾液中の微小胞を、10Cで90分間、100,000gにて超遠心分離(Beckman Ti70ローター)によりペレット化する。電子顕微鏡研究のために、微小胞をさらに、20%と40%の蔗糖勾配での超遠心分離により精製し、そして次に、濾過されたリン酸緩衝液(PBS)により洗浄する。
腫瘍細胞エキソソームの精製及び樹状細胞のトランスフェクション
1−15継代での癌細胞を、微小胞を含まない培地(5%のdFBSを含むDMEM)において培養し、そして4×107個の細胞からのならし培地を48時間後に集める。微小胞を分別遠心分離法により精製する。手短には、癌細胞ならし培地を300gで10分間、遠心分離し、細胞混入物を除去する。上清液を16,500gで20分間さらに遠心分離し、そして0.22μmのフィルターを通して濾過する。微小胞を110,000gで70分間の超遠心分離によりペレット化する。微小胞ペレットを13mlのPBSにより洗浄し、再びペレット化し、そしてPBSに再懸濁する。DCタンパク質アッセイ(Bio-Rad社)を用いて、ミクロソームのタンパク質含有量について測定する。健常者対照及び癌患者からの血清ミクロソームを、PBSにより13mlに希釈し、そして遠心分離の前にフィルター滅菌する。
樹状細胞のフロー電気穿孔処理
癌を有する動物からの癌細胞又は生体液から入手されたエキソソームを、フロー電気穿孔処理システム、例えばその全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる米国特許公開公報第20030059945号に記載されるシステムにより、患者の自己細胞中に電気穿孔処理する。
動物への樹状細胞の投与
実施例3の方法に従って電気穿孔処理された樹状細胞を、インビトロで成熟させた後に治療される動物に投与するか、又は電気穿孔処理に続いて直接、動物に投与する。樹状細胞が時前のインビトロ成熟を伴わないで投与される場合、米国特許第7,785,583号に記載されるようなin situ成熟化のための方法(投与経路を含む)が用いられ得る。
Claims (13)
- 腫瘍を有する動物を治療するための組成物を調製する方法であって、1又は2以上の樹状細胞を1又は2以上の腫瘍エキソソームと共に電気穿孔処理することを含む、方法。
- 前記1又は2以上の樹状細胞が前記動物に由来するものである、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記1又は2以上の腫瘍エキソソームを前記動物の生体サンプルから単離することをさらに含む、請求項1又は2記載の方法。
- 前記生体サンプルが、血液サンプル、尿サンプル又は腫瘍腹水サンプルである、請求項3記載の方法。
- 前記動物がヒトである、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記1又は2以上の樹状細胞が、電気穿孔処理後に、前記腫瘍エキソソームに由来するRNA、DNA、タンパク質又はそのいずれかの組合せを含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記1又は2以上の樹状細胞に、有効量のプロラクチン作動薬又はドーパミン拮抗薬を加えることをさらに含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 動物において腫瘍に存在する1又は2以上のポリペプチドに対する免疫応答を高めるための組成物を調製する方法であって、1又は2以上の樹状細胞を、前記1又は2以上のポリペプチドをコードするRNAを含む腫瘍エキソソームと共に電気穿孔処理することを含む、方法。
- 前記1又は2以上の樹状細胞が前記動物に由来するものである、請求項8記載の方法。
- 前記腫瘍エキソソームを前記動物の血液、尿又は腹水サンプルから単離することをさらに含む、請求項8又は9記載の方法。
- 前記動物がヒトである、請求項8〜10のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 腫瘍を有する動物を治療するための組成物を調製する方法であって、1又は2以上のTリンパ球を1又は2以上の腫瘍エキソソームと共に電気穿孔処理することを含む、方法。
- 前記1又は2以上のTリンパ球、及び、前記1又は2以上の腫瘍エキソソームが、前記動物に由来するものである、請求項12記載の方法。
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WO2011127129A1 (en) | 2010-04-06 | 2011-10-13 | Holaday John W | Methods of treating cancer |
WO2014054588A1 (ja) * | 2012-10-01 | 2014-04-10 | 国立大学法人京都大学 | ナノゲル/エキソソーム複合体とdds |
US10883083B2 (en) | 2013-08-02 | 2021-01-05 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Tissue-engineered three-dimensional model for tumor analysis |
WO2017112919A1 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-29 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Tissue-engineered three-dimensional model for tumor analysis |
CN104726410B (zh) * | 2013-12-23 | 2019-09-17 | 浙江大学 | 一种具有免疫抑制功能的外排体及其应用 |
CN105505772B (zh) * | 2015-12-07 | 2018-07-10 | 中国科学院苏州生物医学工程技术研究所 | 对单个外泌体进行裂解的装置 |
US20190125848A1 (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2019-05-02 | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Inc. | Dendritic cell-extracellular vesicle fusions and methods of using same |
JP2018070572A (ja) * | 2016-10-24 | 2018-05-10 | 義之 小山 | 免疫治療システム |
JP6613499B2 (ja) | 2017-08-24 | 2019-12-04 | 学校法人藤田学園 | 細胞殺傷剤 |
EP3842529A4 (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2022-06-15 | Institute Of Process Engineering Chinese Acadamy Of Sciences | EXOSOME-BASED ANTITUMORS |
JP6635637B1 (ja) | 2018-11-22 | 2020-01-29 | 株式会社細胞治療技術研究所 | 免疫療法ワクチンの製造方法 |
CN110036976B (zh) * | 2019-05-08 | 2021-12-07 | 华南农业大学 | 一种阻断鸡禽白血病病毒垂直传播的方法及其应用 |
CN111759862A (zh) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-10-13 | 江苏大学 | 干细胞外泌体在制备抗结肠炎恶化药物中的应用 |
JP7160963B2 (ja) * | 2021-01-15 | 2022-10-25 | Vaxosome合同会社 | 細胞外粒子の製造方法 |
JP7079901B1 (ja) * | 2021-08-24 | 2022-06-02 | Vaxosome合同会社 | 細胞外粒子の産生方法 |
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WO2011127129A1 (en) | 2010-04-06 | 2011-10-13 | Holaday John W | Methods of treating cancer |
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WO2011127129A1 (en) | 2011-10-13 |
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US20130202644A1 (en) | 2013-08-08 |
CN102905534A (zh) | 2013-01-30 |
CN102905534B (zh) | 2016-03-02 |
JP2013523824A (ja) | 2013-06-17 |
US9107878B2 (en) | 2015-08-18 |
EP3238782A2 (en) | 2017-11-01 |
JP2017002054A (ja) | 2017-01-05 |
EP2555627A4 (en) | 2013-10-23 |
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