JP5938295B2 - タンパク質精製中に試料中の1または複数の不純物のレベルを低下させる方法 - Google Patents
タンパク質精製中に試料中の1または複数の不純物のレベルを低下させる方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、少なくとも部分的に予想外にも、特定の材料(例えば、活性化炭素などの炭素質材料)を、フロースルー様式でクロマトグラフィーカラムに基づくタンパク質精製プロセスに組み込むことができ、クロマトグラフィーカラムの負担が減少され、結果として、クロマトグラフィーカラムの寿命の増加をもたらすことができることを見出したことに基づく。
本明細書で用いられる用語「炭素質材料」とは、炭素から構成されたまたは炭素を含有する任意の物質を指す。いくつかの実施形態において、特許請求される本発明による方法において用いられる炭素質材料は、活性または活性化炭素である。いくつかの実施形態において、活性化炭素は活性炭を含む。いくつかの実施形態において、活性化炭素はセルロース媒体中に組み込まれる。
本発明による方法において、活性化炭素などの特定の炭素質材料が、タンパク質の精製において用いられる。活性化炭素は、非常に高い表面積を有する多孔性固体と説明することができる。いくつかの実施形態において、活性化炭素は、活性炭を含む。活性化炭素は、限定されるものではないが、石炭、木材、堅果殻および泥炭などの様々な起源から誘導することができる。活性化炭素を、制御された雰囲気下での加熱を含む物理的活性化または強酸、塩基もしくは酸化剤を用いる化学的活性化によりこれらの材料から製造することができる。活性化プロセスは、不純物除去のための高い能力を活性化炭素に与える高い表面積を有する多孔性構造をもたらす。活性化プロセスを改変して、表面の酸度を制御することができる。
多くの従来のフロースルー精製プロセスが、目的の標的タンパク質と除去しようとする不純物との異なる表面相互作用に明確に依存する。例えば、モノクローナル抗体の従来のAEXフロースルー精製は、多くの抗体の等電点が他のタンパク質および核酸よりも高く、通常は7より上であるという事実に依存する。かくして、AEXフロースルー精製プロセスは、固定相および抗体が同じ電荷を有し、かくして、抗体が表面に有意に結合することなく媒体を通過して流動することを確実にするために、精製される抗体のpIよりも低いpHで実行される。他方、多くのタンパク質性不純物、核酸および内毒素は抗体よりも低いpIを有し、通常は7より下であり、従って、それらはAEX媒体の表面に結合する。
1)プロテインA捕捉→CEX結合および溶出精製および濃縮→希釈→AEXフロースルー
2)プロテインA捕捉→AEXフロースルー→CEX結合および溶出精製および濃縮。
上記で考察されたように、本発明は、活性化炭素を用いる新規で改良された精製プロセスを提供する。活性化炭素は、精製ステップに直接添加してもよく、その後、沈殿化もしくは濾過によりまたは活性化炭素を含有するデバイスに溶液もしくは気体を通過させることにより除去することができる。活性化炭素は好適なデバイス中に独立に充填されてもよくまたはその機械的特性、流動特性もしくは分離特性を増強する他の材料と混合されてもよい。例えば、活性化炭素は、セルロースを含有する湿式繊維媒体中に組み込まれた後、Millipore Corporationから入手可能なMillistak+(登録商標)Pod CRまたはPall Corporation,Port Washington,NY,USAから入手可能なSeitz(登録商標)AKS Filter Mediaなどの使い捨てデバイスの内部に密閉され得る。別の形式の活性化炭素は、熱可塑性粉末と一緒に圧縮することにより活性化炭素が多孔性モノリス中に組み込まれた活性化炭素ブロックである。また、顆粒状形態の活性化炭素は、クロマトグラフィー媒体と同様にカラム中に充填され得るまたは好適なデバイス中に充填され得る。活性化炭素媒体が脱色、小分子不純物の除去などのために用いられることが一般的に許容される。例えば、標的化された不純物の分子量に基づいて選択することができる、Pall Corporationから入手可能ないくつかの等級の活性化炭素媒体が存在する。3つの分子量範囲:200−400、400−1,000および400−1,500Daが利用可能であり、後者が最も大きい。しかしながら、市販の活性化炭素媒体はいずれも、分子量が2000から200,000Daの範囲の生体試料からの非常により大きい不純物の選択的除去については記載されていない。
本発明は、目的のタンパク質を含有する試料中に存在する1または複数の不純物のレベルを低下させるプロセスを提供する。生物学的起源から誘導されるタンパク質試料中に含まれる典型的な不純物としては、宿主細胞タンパク質(HCP)および核酸(DNA)が挙げられる。宿主細胞がチャイニーズハムスター卵巣(CHO)細胞である場合、HCPはCHO HCPまたはCHOPと一般的に呼ばれる。ウェスタンブロットおよびELISAなどのHCPに対する抗体を用いる免疫学的方法が、そのような不純物の検出に従来用いられている。マイクロタイタープレート酵素免疫アッセイ(ELISA)も、高感度の分析を提供するために日常的に用いられる。そのようなアッセイは使用が簡単であり、客観的であり、精製プロセス中に1または複数の不純物のレベルを測定するための強力な道具である。
フロースルー様式における不純物除去のための様々な材料の評価
本実験において、清澄化されたCHO供給液から不純物を除去する能力について、異なる材料が評価された。表IIに示される材料が、フロースルー様式における不純物除去のために試験された。リン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS、10mMリン酸、pH7.4)が平衡化バッファーおよび洗浄バッファーとして用いられた。
フロースルー不純物除去能力
代表的な実験において、単位容量あたりの異なる材料により除去される不純物の量を評価した。DNAとHCPとの吸着競合の効果を理解するために、CHO−S供給液中のDNAのレベルを、市販のニシン精子DNAの添加により増加させた。不純物除去のために評価された材料を、以下の表IIIに列挙する。
不純物除去に対する様々な材料の組合せの効果
別の実験において、図9に記載のワークフローに示される材料の様々な組合せが、不純物除去について評価された。材料(1ml)を安定化させ、5mlの使い捨てクロマトグラフィーカラム中に充填した。カラムを5CVのPBSで平衡化させ、20CVの供給液をロードし、5CVのPBSで洗浄した。
プロテインA溶出プールの不純物除去
別の実験において、標準的な重力フロースルー試験法を用いて、プロテインAプール後の不純物除去を調査した。実施例1においてスクリーニングされた材料、すなわち、活性化炭素、陽イオン交換樹脂(SP FFおよびProRes(商標)−S)、陰イオン交換樹脂、Q FFおよびHIC樹脂、Phenyl FastFlowならびにこれらの材料の様々な組合せを評価した。活性化炭素または樹脂材料(1ml)を安定化させ、Evergreenから入手した使い捨てクロマトグラフィーカラム中に充填した。それぞれのカラムを5CVのPBSで平衡化させ、20CVの供給液をロードし、5CVのPBSで洗浄した。負荷ステップ中のフロースルー溶出液画分を収集した。用いた供給液は、pHを7.0に調整した後のプロテインA(ProSep Ultra Plus)溶出プール(約3.2mg/mlのIgG)であった。プロテインAカラムのための供給液は、ポリクローナルIgGと混合した非発現CHO−Sであった。
MAbの精製に関する活性化炭素の性能を評価するための代表的なアフィニティに基づく(プロテインA)捕捉されたMAb供給液の調製
MAbIと呼ばれる部分精製されたモノクローナル抗体を、タンパク質を精製するための活性化炭素の性能を評価するための代表的なアフィニティ(プロテインA)捕捉モノクローナル抗体供給液として使用するためにCHO細胞系培養液を用いて産生させた。まず、細胞培養液を、Millistak+(登録商標)PODフィルター(MILLIPORE CORPORATION,Billerica,MA,USA)として入手可能な、深層濾過媒体を用いてバイオリアクターから直接清澄化した。細胞培養液を、一連の2つのフィルター、D0HCおよびX0HCを通して10 NTU未満の最終濁度まで濾過した後、Millipore Express(登録商標)SHCカプセルフィルターを用いて滅菌濾過した。
MAbの精製に関する活性化炭素の性能を評価するための代表的な非アフィニティに基づく(陽イオン交換)捕捉されたMAb供給液の調製
MAb Iと呼ばれる、部分精製されたモノクローナル抗体を、タンパク質を精製するための活性化炭素の性能を評価するための代表的な非アフィニティ(陽イオン交換)捕捉モノクローナル抗体供給液として使用するためにCHO細胞系培養液を用いて産生させた。MAb I清澄化された細胞培養液を、実施例5で考察されたように作製した。細胞培養液を一連の2つのフィルター、D0HCおよびX0HCを通して10 NTU未満の最終濁度まで濾過した後、Millipore Express(登録商標)SHCカプセルフィルターを用いて滅菌濾過した。
アフィニティ捕捉されたMAb溶出液のフロースルー処理による様々な吸着剤の評価
活性化炭素がタンパク質溶液からの不純物の除去にとって、予想外に非常に効果的であることを証明するために、アフィニティ(プロテインA)捕捉モノクローナル抗体溶出液の精製のための陰イオン交換(ChromaSorb(商標))、陽イオン交換(HiTrap SP FF、HiTrap CM FF)および疎水性相互作用(HiTrap Phenyl FF、HiTrap Butyl FF)化合物などのタンパク質の精製に一般的に用いられているいくつかの異なる市販の吸着媒体と活性化炭素をフロースルー適用において比較した。
活性化炭素および/または陰イオン交換媒体を用いるMABのアフィニティ捕捉溶出液の静的ソーク(static soak)処理
活性化炭素のみおよび陰イオン交換媒体と組合せた活性化炭素を、アフィニティ(プロテインA)捕捉モノクローナル抗体溶出液からの不純物の除去について試験して、不純物の除去のための予想外に非常に効果的な方法を証明した。
活性化炭素および/または陰イオン交換媒体を用いるMAbのアフィニティ捕捉溶出液の静的ソーク処理
活性化炭素のみおよび陰イオン交換媒体と組合せた活性化炭素を、MAb Iとは異なるモノクローナル抗体(MAb IIと呼ぶ)を含有するアフィニティ(プロテインA)捕捉モノクローナル抗体溶出液からの不純物の除去について試験して、活性化炭素のみおよび陰イオン交換媒体と組合せた活性化炭素が、様々な異なるモノクローナル抗体の精製に適用することができる予想外に非常に効果的な方法を提供することを証明した。
活性化炭素および/または陰イオン交換媒体を用いるMAb Iの非アフィニティ捕捉溶出液の静的ソーク処理
活性化炭素のみおよび陰イオン交換媒体と組合せた活性化炭素を、非アフィニティ(陽イオン交換)捕捉モノクローナル抗体溶出液からの不純物の除去について試験して、活性化炭素のみおよび陰イオン交換媒体と組合せた活性化炭素が、不純物の除去のための予想外に非常に効果的な方法を提供することを証明した。アフィニティ(プロテインA)捕捉溶出液と比較して、非アフィニティ(陽イオン交換)捕捉溶出液は、有意により高いレベルの異なる型の不純物を含有する。非アフィニティ捕捉溶出液の精製のための活性化炭素の適用は、この方法が一般的であり、様々なタンパク質溶出液の精製に適用することができることを示している。
様々なpH値での活性化炭素を用いるMAb Iのアフィニティ捕捉溶出液の静的ソーク処理
活性化炭素を、様々な溶液pHのアフィニティ(プロテインA)捕捉モノクローナル抗体溶出液からの不純物の除去について試験して、活性化炭素が様々な溶液条件にわたって効果的であることを証明した。
活性化炭素および/または陰イオン交換媒体を用いるMAb Iのアフィニティ捕捉溶出液のフロースルー処理
活性化炭素のみおよび陰イオン交換媒体と組合せた活性化炭素を、アフィニティ(プロテインA)捕捉モノクローナル抗体溶出液からの不純物の除去についてフロースルー適用において試験して、活性化炭素のみおよび陰イオン交換媒体と組合せた活性化炭素が、タンパク質の大規模精製に一般的に用いられるフロースルー条件下での不純物の除去のための予想外に非常に効果的な方法を提供することを証明した。
様々な陰イオン交換媒体のみを用いるまたは活性化炭素を用いる処理後のMAb Iのアフィニティ捕捉溶出液のフロースルー処理
活性化炭素を、単独でおよび様々な市販の陰イオン交換媒体と組合せて、アフィニティ(プロテインA)捕捉モノクローナル抗体溶出液からの不純物の除去に関して試験して、活性化炭素を様々な陰イオン交換媒体と組合せることができることを証明した。試験した市販の陰イオン交換媒体は、第一級アミン(ChromaSorb)および第四級アミン(Sartobind Q、Mustang Q、HiTrap Q FF)を含んでいた。膜(ChromaSorb、Sartobind Q、Mustang Q)および樹脂(HiTrap Q FF)上に支持された市販の陰イオン交換化合物を試験した。
活性化炭素、次いで、陰イオン交換媒体を用いるまたは陰イオン交換媒体、次いで、活性化炭素を用いるMAb Iのアフィニティ捕捉溶出液のフロースルー処理
アフィニティ(プロテインA)捕捉モノクローナル抗体溶出液からの不純物のフロースルー除去に関して活性化炭素および陰イオン交換媒体の順序を試験して、2つの吸着剤の順序がその有効性に予想外に影響することを証明した。この実験は、陰イオン交換媒体の前の活性化炭素の配置が、タンパク質溶液から不純物を除去する吸着剤の組合せの能力を最大化するのに重要であることを例示するものである。
活性化炭素を用いるMAb Iの非アフィニティ捕捉溶出液のフロースルー処理
活性化炭素を、非アフィニティ(陽イオン交換)捕捉モノクローナル抗体溶出液からの不純物の除去に関してフロースルー適用において試験して、活性化炭素が、不純物の除去のための予想外に非常に効果的な方法を提供することを証明した。アフィニティ(プロテインA)捕捉溶出液と比較して、非アフィニティ(陽イオン交換)捕捉溶出液は、有意により高いレベルの異なる型の不純物を含有する。非アフィニティ捕捉溶出液の精製のための活性化炭素の適用は、この方法が一般的であり、様々なタンパク質溶液の精製に適用することができることを示している。
活性化炭素充填カラムおよび活性化炭素−セルロースデバイスを用いるMAb Iのアフィニティ捕捉溶出液のフロースルー精製
カラム中に充填されたまたはセルロースシート中に混合された活性化炭素を、アフィニティ(プロテインA)捕捉モノクローナル抗体溶出液からの不純物の除去についてフロースルー適用において試験して、活性化炭素が様々な形式における不純物の除去のための予想外に非常に効果的な方法を提供することを証明した。
2つの他の型の活性化炭素を用いるMAb Iのアフィニティ捕捉溶出液のフロースルー精製
2つの他の型の市販の活性化炭素を、アフィニティ(プロテインA)捕捉モノクローナル抗体溶出液からの不純物の除去についてフロースルー適用において試験して、様々な活性化炭素をタンパク質溶液からの不純物の除去のために用いることができるという予想外の結果を証明した。
様々なバッファー塩の存在下でのMAb Iのアフィニティ捕捉溶出液のフロースルー精製
活性化炭素を、様々な塩を添加したアフィニティ(プロテインA)捕捉モノクローナル抗体溶出液からの不純物の除去についてフロースルー適用において試験して、活性化炭素が多くの様々な塩の存在下での不純物の除去のための予想外に非常に効果的な方法を提供することを証明した。この調査は、この方法が一般的であり、様々なバッファー塩中でのタンパク質の精製に適用することができることを例示するものである。
pH 5およびpH 7でのプロテインA溶出液のフロースルー精製
活性化炭素を、2つの異なるpH条件でのアフィニティ(プロテインA)捕捉モノクローナル抗体溶出液からの不純物の除去についてフロースルー適用において試験して、活性化炭素が異なる溶液pH条件での不純物のフロースルー除去のための予想外に非常に効果的な方法を提供することを証明した。この調査は、この方法が一般的であり、異なるpH条件下でのタンパク質の精製に適用することができることを例示するものである。
連続クロマトグラフィーを用いて調製されたプロテインA溶出液のフロースルー精製
この代表的な実験は、活性化炭素および陰イオン交換クロマトグラフィーデバイスを用いて、連続多カラムクロマトグラフィー(CMC)を用いて得られたプロテインA溶出液を精製することができることを証明する。
いくつかのフロースルー不純物除去ステップの接続
この代表的な実験において、生成物の純度および収率目標を満たしながら、単一の単位操作またはプロセスステップとして運転するフロースルー様式でのいくつかの不純物除去ステップを接続する実現可能性が証明される。
フロースルー精製プロセスステップと連続結合および溶出クロマトグラフィー捕捉ステップとの接続
この代表的な実験において、本明細書に記載のフロースルー精製プロセスを、フロースルー精製の前にある連続結合および溶出クロマトグラフィー捕捉プロセスに直接連結した。
活性化炭素を用いる細胞培養液成分不純物の除去
この代表的な実験において、プロテインAアフィニティ捕捉ステップを通じて存続し得る細胞培養液に由来する潜在的な不純物が活性化炭素により除去されることが証明される。
活性化炭素セルロース媒体を用いるMAb IIのアフィニティ捕捉溶出液の濁った溶液からの不純物のフロースルー除去
この代表的な実験において、活性化炭素が、微生物供給液から誘導されるHCPの除去について予想外に非常に効果的であることが証明された。E.コリ溶解物の溶液を、1.5mg/mLのmAbモノクローナル抗体と混合した。混合した供給液を、フロースルー条件下でカラム中に充填された活性化炭素を用いて処理した。
活性化炭素−セルロース媒体および陰イオン交換媒体を用いるMAb IIのアフィニティ捕捉溶出液の濁った溶液からの不純物の除去
この実験において、活性化炭素のみおよびイオン交換媒体と組合せた活性化炭素が、捕捉ステップ後の微生物供給液から誘導されるHCPの除去に関して予想外に非常に効果的であることが示された。
Claims (5)
- プロテインA溶出液から標的分子を精製するためのフロースループロセスであって、
下記ステップ:
(i)プロテインAクロマトグラフィーカラムから回収された溶出液を活性化炭素と接触させて宿主細胞タンパク質(HCP)を除去するステップ;
(ii)ステップ(i)からのフロースルー試料を陰イオン交換クロマトグラフィー媒体と接触させるステップ;
(iii)ステップ(ii)からのフロースルー試料を陽イオン交換クロマトグラフィー媒体と接触させるステップ;および
(iv)標的分子を含むステップ(iii)からのフロースルー試料を取得するステップ
を含み、溶出液がステップ(i)−(iii)を連続的に流動し、ならびにステップ(i)後のフロースルー試料中のHCPのレベルが、ステップ(i)の最初の溶出液中レベルの30%以下であり、プロテインAクロマトグラフィーカラムからの溶出液が、活性化炭素と接触させる前にウイルス不活性化にかけられる、フロースループロセス。 - ステップ(iii)からのフロースルー試料をウイルス濾過にかけることをさらに含む、請求項1のフロースループロセス。
- ステップ(ii)と(iii)との間に、pHを変化させるためのインラインスタティックミキサーおよび/またはサージタンクの使用をさらに含む、請求項1のフロースループロセス。
- 単一のスキッドを用いる、請求項1のフロースループロセス。
- プロテインAクロマトグラフィーカラムから回収された溶出液を活性化炭素と接触させ、次いで陰イオン交換媒体と接触させ、次いで陽イオン交換媒体およびウイルス濾過媒体の内の一つ若しくは両方に接触させることを含み、溶出液の流動が連続的である、プロテインAクロマトグラフィーカラムから回収された溶出液から標的分子を精製するためのフロースルー精製プロセス。
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WO2013028330A2 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
EP2942353A1 (en) | 2015-11-11 |
CN105669829B (zh) | 2020-04-21 |
EP2574618A1 (en) | 2013-04-03 |
KR20130020950A (ko) | 2013-03-04 |
TWI574975B (zh) | 2017-03-21 |
ES2677650T3 (es) | 2018-08-06 |
CN105669829A (zh) | 2016-06-15 |
JP2018091858A (ja) | 2018-06-14 |
US9096648B2 (en) | 2015-08-04 |
CN102977182B (zh) | 2016-03-02 |
JP6254072B2 (ja) | 2017-12-27 |
US20190218250A1 (en) | 2019-07-18 |
US20160016992A1 (en) | 2016-01-21 |
JP2013044748A (ja) | 2013-03-04 |
JP6339120B2 (ja) | 2018-06-06 |
US11634457B2 (en) | 2023-04-25 |
JP2016085231A (ja) | 2016-05-19 |
CN111423488B (zh) | 2024-08-16 |
CN111423488A (zh) | 2020-07-17 |
JP6743074B2 (ja) | 2020-08-19 |
US20130197200A1 (en) | 2013-08-01 |
TW201313735A (zh) | 2013-04-01 |
EP2574618B1 (en) | 2015-03-18 |
EP2942353B1 (en) | 2018-05-09 |
US10287314B2 (en) | 2019-05-14 |
JP2015071629A (ja) | 2015-04-16 |
KR101484659B1 (ko) | 2015-01-21 |
CN102977182A (zh) | 2013-03-20 |
ES2539232T3 (es) | 2015-06-29 |
WO2013028330A3 (en) | 2013-08-22 |
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