JP5937606B2 - エアロゲル又はキセロゲルの製造方法 - Google Patents
エアロゲル又はキセロゲルの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5937606B2 JP5937606B2 JP2013537074A JP2013537074A JP5937606B2 JP 5937606 B2 JP5937606 B2 JP 5937606B2 JP 2013537074 A JP2013537074 A JP 2013537074A JP 2013537074 A JP2013537074 A JP 2013537074A JP 5937606 B2 JP5937606 B2 JP 5937606B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 44
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 23
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 5
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 4
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- FZQMJOOSLXFQSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[3,5-bis[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1,3,5-triazinan-1-yl]-n,n-dimethylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN1CN(CCCN(C)C)CN(CCCN(C)C)C1 FZQMJOOSLXFQSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 3
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- HILAULICMJUOLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diethyl-5-methylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C)=CC(CC)=C1 HILAULICMJUOLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 ALQLPWJFHRMHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dimethylpiperazine Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)CC1 RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AHDSRXYHVZECER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-tris[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenol Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC(CN(C)C)=C(O)C(CN(C)C)=C1 AHDSRXYHVZECER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FTZILAQGHINQQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylpentanal Chemical compound CCCC(C)C=O FTZILAQGHINQQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxohexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OHKOAJUTRVTYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-aminophenyl)methyl]aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1N OHKOAJUTRVTYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UTNMPUFESIRPQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(4-aminophenyl)methyl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1N UTNMPUFESIRPQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-n,n-dimethylethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCOCCN(C)C GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=CN1 LXBGSDVWAMZHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OMHOXRVODFQGCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-amino-3,5-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-2,6-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CC1=C(N)C(C)=CC(CC=2C=C(C)C(N)=C(C)C=2)=C1 OMHOXRVODFQGCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- HYTRYEXINDDXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl isopropyl ketone Chemical compound CCC(=O)C(C)C HYTRYEXINDDXJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMIMRNSIRUDHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropylaldehyde Chemical compound CC(C)C=O AMIMRNSIRUDHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic aldehyde Chemical compound CCC=O NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- NPWYTMFWRRIFLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dihydro-2h-pyran-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1CCC=CO1 NPWYTMFWRRIFLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXECSYGSVNRHFN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-hydroxypropyl(trimethyl)azanium;formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O.C[N+](C)(C)CCCO UXECSYGSVNRHFN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- DCFDVJPDXYGCOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohex-3-ene-1-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1CCC=CC1 DCFDVJPDXYGCOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXKOQQBKBHUATC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylmethylcyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1CC1CCCCC1 XXKOQQBKBHUATC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoxymethane Chemical compound COCOC NKDDWNXOKDWJAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminopropylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VNKYTQGIUYNRMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxypropane Chemical compound CCCOC VNKYTQGIUYNRMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethyldiethylenetriamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)CCN(C)C UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentanal Chemical compound CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZUFQCVZBBNZMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O ZUFQCVZBBNZMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GCHCGDFZHOEXMP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium adipate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O GCHCGDFZHOEXMP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001608 potassium adipate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011051 potassium adipate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium formate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=O WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WQKGAJDYBZOFSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;propan-2-olate Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)[O-] WQKGAJDYBZOFSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001812 pycnometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920013730 reactive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009044 synergistic interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethyl ether Chemical compound CCOC(C)(C)C NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005622 tetraalkylammonium hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000005628 tolylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(O)=O AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/092—Processes comprising oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates involving reaction of a part of the isocyanate or isothiocyanate groups with each other in the reaction mixture oligomerisation to isocyanurate groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/16—Catalysts
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- C08G18/20—Heterocyclic amines; Salts thereof
- C08G18/2009—Heterocyclic amines; Salts thereof containing one heterocyclic ring
- C08G18/2036—Heterocyclic amines; Salts thereof containing one heterocyclic ring having at least three nitrogen atoms in the ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/3243—Polyamines aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
- C08J3/075—Macromolecular gels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2101/00—Manufacture of cellular products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0091—Aerogels; Xerogels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2115/00—Oligomerisation
- C08G2115/02—Oligomerisation to isocyanurate groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
水の非存在下及び溶媒及び少なくとも1種の触媒の存在下で以下の成分(a1)及び(a2)
(a1)少なくとも1種の多官能イソシアネート、及び
(a2)一般式Iを有する少なくとも1種の多官能置換芳香族アミン(a2−s)
(式中、R1及びR2は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ独立して、水素及び1〜6個の炭素原子を有する直鎖状又は分枝状アルキル基から選択され、全ての置換基Q1〜Q5及びQ1’〜Q5’は同一であるか又は異なり、それぞれ独立して、水素、第1級アミノ基及び炭素原子数1〜12の直鎖状又は分枝状アルキル基(但し、該アルキル基は更なる官能基を有していてよい。)から選択される。但し、
−一般式Iを有する化合物は少なくとも2個の第1級アミノ基を含み、Q1、Q3及びQ5のうち少なくとも1つが第1級アミノ基であり、Q1’、Q3’及びQ5’のうち少なくとも1つが第1級アミノ基であり、
−Q2、Q4、Q2’及びQ4’は、一般式Iを有する化合物が芳香環に結合した少なくとも1個の第1級アミノ基に対するα位に、更なる官能基を有していてよい炭素原子数1〜12個の直鎖状又は分枝状アルキル基を少なくとも1個有するように選択される。)及び
任意に一般式Iを有するアミン(a2−s)とは異なる少なくとも1種の更なる多官能芳香族アミン(a2−u)
を反応させる工程を含み、本発明のエアロゲル又はキセロゲルを形成する。
本発明の方法において、少なくとも1種の多官能イソシアネートは成分(a1)として反応する。
i)トリレンジイソシアネート(TDI)、特に2,4−TDI若しくは2,6−TDI又は2,4−及び2,6−TDIの混合物を基礎とする多官能イソシアネート;
ii)ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)、特に2,2’−MDI又は2,4’−MDI又は4,4’−MDI又はオリゴマー型MDI(ポリフェニルポリメチレンイソシアネートとも称される。)あるいは前述のジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートのうち2種又は3種の混合物又はMDIの製造で得られる粗製MDI、又はMDIの少なくとも1種のオリゴマーと上記低分子量のMDIの誘導体のうち少なくとも1種との混合物を基礎とする多官能イソシアネート;
iii)態様i)に従う少なくとも1種の芳香族イソシアネートと態様ii)に従う少なくとも1種の芳香族イソシアネートの混合物。
本発明によれば、一般式Iを有する少なくとも1種の多官能置換芳香族アミン(a2−s)
(式中、R1及びR2は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ独立して、水素及び炭素原子数1〜6の直鎖状又は分枝状アルキル基から選択され、全ての置換基Q1〜Q5及びQ1’〜Q5’は同一であるか又は異なり、それぞれ独立して、水素、第1級アミノ基及び炭素原子数1〜12の直鎖状又は分枝状アルキル基(但し、該アルキル基は更なる官能基を有していてよい。)から選択される。但し、
−一般式Iを有する化合物は少なくとも2個の第1級アミノ基を含み、Q1、Q3及びQ5のうち少なくとも1つが第1級アミノ基であり、Q1’、Q3’及びQ5’のうち少なくとも1つが第1級アミノ基であり、
−Q2、Q4、Q2’及びQ4’は、一般式Iを有する化合物が芳香環に結合した少なくとも1個の第1級アミノ基に対するα位に、任意に更なる官能基を有していてよい炭素原子数1〜12の直鎖状又は分枝状アルキル基を少なくとも1個有するように選択される。)及び
任意に一般式Iを有するアミン(a2−s)とは異なる少なくとも1種の更なる多官能芳香族アミン(a2−u)を成分(a2)として反応させる。
本発明の方法は、成分として少なくとも1種の触媒の存在下で行うことが好ましい。
本発明によれば上記反応は溶媒の存在下で行われる。
好ましい実施態様では、本発明の方法は少なくとも以下の工程:
a)上述した成分(a1)及び(a2)、触媒並びに溶媒を供給する工程、
b)溶媒及び触媒の存在下で成分(a1)と(a2)を反応させ、ゲルを形成させる工程、及び
c)前工程において得られたゲルを乾燥させる工程、
を含む。
工程(a)
本発明によれば、成分(a1)及び(a2)並びに溶媒を工程(a)で準備する。
本発明によれば、工程(b)において、成分(a1)と(a2)の反応が溶媒の存在下で行われ、ゲルが生成する。反応を行うためには、工程(a)で供給された成分の均質な混合物をまず調製しなければならない。
本発明によれば、工程(c)において前の工程で得られたゲルを乾燥させる。
本発明は更に、本発明の方法により得ることができるエアロゲル及びキセロゲルを提供する。
ASTM D−5155−96Aに従うNCO含有量が100g当たり30.9gであり、官能価が約3であり、DIN53018に従う粘度が25℃において2100mPa.sであるオリゴマーのMDI(以下「化合物M200」)。
3,3’,5,5’−テトラエチル−4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン(以下「MDEA」)
3,3’,5,5’−テトラメチル−4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン(以下「MDMA」)
4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン(以下「MDA」)
触媒:
Lupragen(登録商標)N600、N,N’,N’’−トリス(ジメチルアミノプロピル)−s−ヘキサヒドロトリアジン(以下「化合物N600」)
ガラスビーカー内で1.8gの化合物M200をアセトン10.5gに20℃で撹拌しながら溶解させた。もう一つのガラスビーカー内で1.6gのMDEA(a2−1)及び0.1gの化合物N600をアセトン11gに溶解させた。工程(a)で生じた2つの溶液を混合した。これにより、透明で低粘度の混合物を得た。この混合物を室温で24時間放置し、硬化させた。次に、ゲルをガラスビーカーから取り出し、液体(アセトン)を20℃で7日間乾燥させることにより除去した。
ガラスビーカー内で1.8gの化合物M200を10.5gのアセトンに20℃で撹拌しながら溶解させた。1.6gのMDEA(a2−1)及び0.2gの化合物N600をもう一つのビーカー内で10.8gのアセトンに溶解させた。工程(a)で生じた2つの溶液を混合した。これにより、透明で低粘度の混合物を得た。この混合物を室温で24時間放置し、硬化させた。次に、ゲルをガラスビーカーから取り出し、液体(アセトン)を20℃で7日間乾燥させることにより除去した。
ガラスビーカー内で1.6gの化合物M200を10.5gのアセトンに20℃で撹拌しながら溶解させた。1.6gのMDEA(a2−1)をもう一つのビーカー内で11gのアセトンに溶解させた。工程(a)で生じた2つの溶液を混合した。これにより、透明で低粘度の混合物を得た。この混合物を室温で24時間放置し、硬化させた。次に、ゲルをガラスビーカーから取り出し、液体(アセトン)を20℃で7日間乾燥させることにより除去した。
ガラスビーカー内で1.9gの化合物M200を10.5gのアセトンに20℃で撹拌しながら溶解させた。1.3gのMDAをもう一つのビーカー内で11gのアセトンに溶解させた。工程(a)で生じた2つの溶液を混合した。これにより、透明で低粘度の混合物を得た。この混合物を室温で24時間放置し、硬化させた。次に、ゲルをガラスビーカーから取り出し、液体(アセトン)を20℃で7日間乾燥させることにより除去した。
ガラスビーカー内で1.8gの化合物M20を12gの酢酸エチルに20℃で撹拌しながら溶解させた。1.6gのMDMA(a2−2)及び0.1gの化合物N600をもう一つのビーカー内で12.5gの酢酸エチルに溶解させた。工程(a)で生じた2つの溶液を混合した。これにより、透明で低粘度の混合物を得た。この混合物を室温で24時間放置し、硬化させた。次に、ゲルモノリスをガラスビーカーから取り出し、超臨界CO2での溶媒抽出によりオートクレーブ内で乾燥させた(以下に記述)。
Claims (16)
- エアロゲル又はキセロゲルの製造方法であって、溶媒及び少なくとも1種の触媒の存在下で以下の成分(a1)及び(a2)を反応させる工程を含み、該反応は水の非存在下で行うことを特徴とする製造方法。
(a1)少なくとも1種の多官能イソシアネート、及び
(a2)一般式Iを有する少なくとも1種の多官能置換芳香族アミン(a2−s)
−一般式Iを有する化合物は少なくとも2個の第1級アミノ基を含み、Q1、Q3及びQ5のうち少なくとも1つが第1級アミノ基であり、Q1’、Q3’及びQ5’のうち少なくとも1つが第1級アミノ基であり、
−Q2、Q4、Q2’及びQ4’は、一般式Iを有する化合物が芳香環に結合した少なくとも1個の第1級アミノ基に対するα位に、更なる官能基を有していてよい炭素原子数1〜12の直鎖状又は分枝状アルキル基を少なくとも1個有するように選択される。
)及び
任意に一般式Iを有するアミン(a2−s)とは異なる少なくとも1種の更なる多官能芳香族アミン(a2−u)。 - Q2、Q4、Q2’及びQ4’は、前記置換芳香族アミン(a2−s)が少なくとも2個の第1級アミノ基を含み且つその各々がそのα位に、更なる官能基を有していてよい炭素原子数1〜12の直鎖状又は分枝状アルキル基を有するように選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アミン成分(a2)は、3,3’,5,5’−テトラアルキル−4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン、3,3’,5,5’−テトラアルキル−2,2’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン及び3,3’,5,5’−テトラアルキル−2,4’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン(但し、3,3’,5及び5’位におけるアルキル基は、同一でも異なっていてもよく、更なる官能基を有していてよい炭素原子数1〜12の直鎖状又は分枝状アルキル基から独立して選択される。)からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の化合物(a2−s)を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 一般式Iを有する多官能芳香族アミン(a2−s)のアルキル基が、メチル、エチル、n−プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、sec−ブチル及びtert−ブチルの中から選択される、請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 一般式Iを有する多官能芳香族アミン(a2−s)は、3,3’,5,5’−テトラアルキル−4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルメタンである、請求項1〜4の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 成分(a1)及び(a2)の合計量100質量%に対する、成分(a1)の量が20〜80質量%であり、成分(a2)の量が20〜80質量%である、請求項1〜5の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 成分(a1)及び(a2)の合計量100質量%に対する、成分(a1)の量が35〜68質量%であり、成分(a2)の量が32〜65質量%である、請求項1〜6の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 成分(a2)が一般式Iを有するタイプ(a2−s)の化合物のみからなる、請求項1〜7の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記反応は、触媒として少なくとも1種の第3級アミンの存在下で行う、請求項1〜8の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- a)請求項1〜8の何れか1項に記載の成分(a1)及び(a2)、触媒並びに溶媒を供給する工程、
b)溶媒及び触媒の存在下で成分(a1)と(a2)を反応させ、ゲルを形成させる工程、及び
c)前工程において得られたゲルを乾燥させる工程、
を含む請求項1〜9の何れか1項に記載の方法。 - 成分(a1)及び(a2)をそれぞれ部分量の溶媒で別個に供給する、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 得られたゲルの乾燥は、ゲルに含まれる液体の臨界温度及び臨界圧力未満の温度及び圧力においてゲルに含まれる液体を気体状態に変化させることにより行う、請求項10又は11に記載の方法。
- 得られたゲルの乾燥を超臨界条件下で行う、請求項10又は11に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜13の何れか1項に記載の方法により得ることができる多孔質材料。
- 請求項14に記載の多孔質材料を断熱材として又は真空断熱パネルのために使用する方法。
- 一般式Iを有する多官能芳香族アミン(a2−s)は、3,3’,5,5’−テトラエチル−4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルメタン及び/又は3,3’,5,5’−テトラメチル−4,4’−ジアミノジフェニルメタンである、請求項1〜13の何れか1項に記載の方法。
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ES2454615T3 (es) * | 2009-12-11 | 2014-04-11 | Basf Se | Materiales porosos mejorados basados en aminas aromáticas |
EP2399945A1 (de) * | 2010-06-28 | 2011-12-28 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Porösen materialien auf basis von Polyharnstoff |
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2011
- 2011-10-27 WO PCT/EP2011/068811 patent/WO2012059388A1/de active Application Filing
- 2011-10-27 CA CA2816739A patent/CA2816739C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-10-27 EP EP11779144.2A patent/EP2635616B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-10-27 CN CN201180064014.4A patent/CN103314028B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-10-27 MX MX2013004870A patent/MX2013004870A/es active IP Right Grant
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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PL2635616T3 (pl) | 2018-01-31 |
EP2635616B1 (de) | 2017-08-02 |
CA2816739A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
AU2011325338A1 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
KR20140009233A (ko) | 2014-01-22 |
AU2011325338B2 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
EP2635616A1 (de) | 2013-09-11 |
JP2013543034A (ja) | 2013-11-28 |
WO2012059388A1 (de) | 2012-05-10 |
CN103314028A (zh) | 2013-09-18 |
CA2816739C (en) | 2019-08-06 |
DK2635616T3 (da) | 2017-11-20 |
CN103314028B (zh) | 2015-06-17 |
RU2013125527A (ru) | 2014-12-10 |
KR101883022B1 (ko) | 2018-07-27 |
BR112013010740A2 (pt) | 2016-08-09 |
MX2013004870A (es) | 2013-05-22 |
RU2577862C2 (ru) | 2016-03-20 |
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