JP5902083B2 - Uhmwpeにおける複数の添加剤のブレンドによる相乗効果 - Google Patents
Uhmwpeにおける複数の添加剤のブレンドによる相乗効果 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5902083B2 JP5902083B2 JP2012509891A JP2012509891A JP5902083B2 JP 5902083 B2 JP5902083 B2 JP 5902083B2 JP 2012509891 A JP2012509891 A JP 2012509891A JP 2012509891 A JP2012509891 A JP 2012509891A JP 5902083 B2 JP5902083 B2 JP 5902083B2
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- uhmwpe
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- tocopherol
- hybridized
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- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroperoxide group Chemical group [O-]O MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002995 phenylpropanoid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XRBCRPZXSCBRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonous acid Chemical compound OPO XRBCRPZXSCBRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical class OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003785 γ-tocopherols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/38—Joints for elbows or knees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
- A61L27/16—Macromolecular materials obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/14—Macromolecular materials
- A61L27/18—Macromolecular materials obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
- A61L27/50—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L27/505—Stabilizers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/28—Treatment by wave energy or particle radiation
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/005—Stabilisers against oxidation, heat, light, ozone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- C08K5/053—Polyhydroxylic alcohols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/06—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Ortho-esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
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- C08K5/13—Phenols; Phenolates
- C08K5/132—Phenols containing keto groups, e.g. benzophenones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/15—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring
- C08K5/151—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring having one oxygen atom in the ring
- C08K5/1545—Six-membered rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
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Landscapes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Transplantation (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
本願は、2009年5月4日出願の米国特許仮出願第61/175,308号の優先権を主張するものであり、この出願全体は、参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる。
別段定義されない限り、本明細書で使用する技術用語および科学用語を含むあらゆる用語は、本発明が属する分野の技術者によって一般に理解されるものと同じ意味を有する。本発明の目的では、以下の用語は、別段指定されない限り下記の意味を有する。
rb=混成UHMWPEにおける添加剤bの相対濃度、
rn=混成UHMWPEにおける添加剤nの相対濃度
(ra+rb+...+rn=1)、
OITa=UHMWPEにおける添加剤aのみの酸化誘導時間(OIT)、
OITb=UHMWPEにおける添加剤bのみの酸化誘導時間(OIT)、
OITn=UHMWPEにおける添加剤nのみの酸化誘導時間(OIT)、および
OITa、b、...n=UHMWPEにおける添加剤a、b、...nの酸化誘導時間(OIT)ならば、
付加的相互作用:OITa、b、...n=ra(OITa)+rb(OITb)+...+rn(OITn) (1)
相乗的相互作用:OITa、b、...n>ra(OITa)+rb(OITb)+...+rn(OITn) (2)
拮抗的相互作用:OITa、b、...n<ra(OITa)+rb(OITb)+...+rn(OITn) (3)である。
rb=混成UHMWPEにおける添加剤bの相対濃度
(ra+rb=1)、
Ca=UHMWPEにおける添加剤aのみの質量濃度、
Cb=UHMWPEにおける添加剤bのみの質量濃度、
OIT(Ca)=UHMWPE中濃度Caにおける添加剤aのみの酸化誘導時間(OIT)、
OIT(Cb)=UHMWPE中濃度Cbにおける添加剤bのみの酸化誘導時間(OIT)、
OIT(Ca’、Cb’)=UHMWPE中濃度Ca’における添加剤aの酸化誘導時間(OIT)およびUHMWPE中濃度Cb’における添加剤bの酸化誘導時間(OIT)
(Ca’<Ca、Cb’<CbかつCa’+Cb’=Ca=Cb)ならば、
OIT(Ca’、Cb’)≧ra[OIT(Ca)]+rb[OIT(Cb)] (4)である。
(1)両方の添加剤が、一緒になって反応して、安定化においてより効率的な新しい種をもたらすこと、
(2)「第2の」添加剤が「第1の」添加剤またはその副生成物と反応して、第1の添加剤を再生し、または有害な効果を阻害すること、ならびに
(3)両方の添加剤が、ラジカル鎖の酸化および動力学的効果のみから生じる相乗作用の結果による異なるレベルで作用すること。
(実施例1)
ここで図1を参照すると、ステップ1は、本願および必要な性能/特性に基づく、出発材料として使用されるポリマー樹脂または粉末の選択を示す。例えば、ポリマー樹脂は、GUR1050またはGUR1020超高分子量ポリエチレン(UHMWPE)、Teflon、ポリウレタン、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン(PEEK)、熱可塑性のエラストマー等であってよい。ステップ2では、この選択されたポリマー樹脂を、遊星、リボン、タンブル、垂直、回転、プラウ(plow)、円柱またはナイフ型ブレンドなどの標準のブレンド/混合技術を用いて周囲条件下でブレンドすることによって、少なくとも2つの相乗的添加剤と混成する。特定の場合には、低分子量画分のポリマーを使用して、抗酸化添加剤の均一な分布を達成することができる。低分子量画分によって、抗酸化剤を拡散させ、したがって均一に分散させることができる低融点の構成成分が得られる。一例として、低分子量画分のポリエチレンは、出発樹脂としての超高分子量ポリエチレンとブレンドすることができる。ステップ3では、圧縮成形、ラム押出、射出成形などの標準技術を介して、ブレンドを強化してプリフォームにする。ステップ4では、標準の熱処理を実施して、強化中に発生する残留応力を緩和する。例えば、残留応力の緩和のための一般的な強化後の熱処理は、強化した材料をオーブンまたは適切な液体浴中で104℃以上に加熱し、その浸漬温度を保持し、材料を1時間あたり6℃未満の速度でゆっくり冷却することを含む。あるいは、熱処理は、抵抗加熱素子を用いて加熱される対流型の加熱オーブンを使用して実施することができる。あるいは、真空加熱を使用することができる。ステップ5では、最終的な移植片の所望の架橋レベルに応じて決定を行う。最終的な移植片が高度に架橋されることを企図しない場合、ステップ6は、所望の整形外科用構成要素を最終的な形状に機械加工することを含む。ステップ7では、移植片を、2.5〜4.0Mrad(25〜40kGy)の標準の線量を用いてγ放射線によって滅菌する。最終的な移植片が高度に架橋されることを企図する場合、ステップ8に記載の通り、空気中で5〜20Mrad(50〜200kGy)の範囲の線量を用いて、γ放射または電子線放射によって空気中でプリフォームを照射する。ステップ9では、最終的な移植片を、高度に架橋された
プリフォーム材料から機械加工する。ステップ10では、高度に架橋された移植片にとって望ましい滅菌方法に関する決定を行う。ステップ11では、移植片を、放射線を使用せずにガス滅菌によって滅菌する。ステップ12では、最終的な移植片を、2.5〜4.0Mrad(25〜40kGy)の標準の線量範囲を用いてγ放射線によって滅菌する。
純粋なGUR1020 UHMWPE樹脂を、以下のものと混成した。
・材料A-500ppm(0.05wt.%)の名目上の濃度のdl-α-トコフェロール(ビタミンEまたはVit E)、
・材料B-500ppm(0.05wt.%)の名目上の濃度の精製クルクミンまたはジフェルロイルメタン(HPLCによって97.7%)、
・材料C-それぞれ250ppm(0.025wt.%)の名目上の濃度のdl-α-トコフェロールおよび精製クルクミン。
OITMix=0.5(OITa+OITb) (5)
ただし、OITMixは、混合物のOITであり、
OITaは、UHMWPEにおける物質aのOITであり、
OITbは、UHMWPEにおける物質bのOITである。
純粋なGUR1020 UHMWPE樹脂を、以下のものとブレンドした。
・材料A-500ppm(0.05wt.%)の名目上の濃度のdl-α-トコフェロール(ビタミンEまたはVit E)、
・材料F-それぞれ300ppm(0.03wt.%)の名目上の濃度のdl-α-トコフェロールおよび非抗酸化剤である多価アルコールのジペンタエリスリトール(DPE)。
純粋なGUR1020 UHMWPE樹脂を、以下のものとブレンドした。
・材料B-500ppm(0.05wt.%)の名目上の濃度の精製クルクミンまたはジフェルロイルメタン(HPLCによって97.7%)、
・材料G-それぞれ300ppm(0.03wt.%)の名目上の濃度の精製クルクミンまたはジフェルロイルメタン(HPLCによって97.7%)および非抗酸化剤である多価アルコールのジペンタエリスリトール(DPE)。
優先出願(本願が優先権を主張し、出願の全体が参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる、2009年5月4日出願の米国特許仮出願第61/175,308号)を除き、本明細書で言及した特許、特許出願および刊行物は、本発明が関連する分野の技術者のレベルを示すものである。これらの文書はまた、本発明の時点において本発明が関連する分野の技術者に公知であったものを、厳密には非限定的な方法で例示することを企図する。これらの文書は、いかなる方法でもここに記載の本発明を制限することを企図しない。
Claims (15)
- 医療用プロテーゼにおいて使用するための架橋された耐酸化性UHMWPEを調製する方法であって、
(i)UHMWPE樹脂を得るステップと、
(ii)前記UHMWPE樹脂を、第1の量の第1の添加剤および第2の量の第2の添加剤の両方と混成するステップであって、前記第1および前記第2の添加剤は異なる添加剤である、ステップと、
(iii)前記第1および第2の添加剤と混成されたUHMWPEを強化するステップと、
(iv)前記強化されたUHMWPEを架橋して耐酸化性UHMWPEを作成するステップであって、前記第1および第2の添加剤は前記架橋されたUHMWPEの耐酸化性を相乗的に増大させる、ステップとを含み、
前記第1の添加剤が、dl-α-トコフェロールまたはクルクミンであり、前記第2の添加剤が、ジペンタエリスリトール、dl-α-トコフェロールまたはクルクミンである、
方法。 - ステップ(i)において得られた前記UHMWPE樹脂が、ステップ(iv)における架橋を含むその後のステップの前に既に架橋されている、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記架橋が、照射架橋および化学的架橋からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記架橋が照射架橋である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ステップ(ii)でUHMWPEと混成される前記第1の添加剤の量が、UHMWPEの相対量に対して50ppm〜5,000ppmであり、ステップ(ii)でUHMWPEと混成される前記第2の添加剤の量が、UHMWPEの相対量に対して50ppm〜5,000ppmである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ステップ(ii)でUHMWPEと混成される前記第1の添加剤の量が、UHMWPEの相対量に対して0.005%〜0.5%であり、ステップ(ii)でUHMWPEと混成される前記第2の添加剤の量が、UHMWPEの相対量に対して0.005%〜0.5%である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記架橋の線量が1.5MRad〜30MRadである、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記混成、強化および架橋されたUHMWPEを、医療用プロテーゼのための軸受構成要素に機械加工するステップをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記混成、強化、架橋および機械加工されたUHMWPE軸受構成要素の架橋密度が、0.03mol/dm3〜0.50mol/dm3である、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の添加剤がdl-α-トコフェロールであり、前記第2の添加剤がクルクミンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の添加剤であるdl-α-トコフェロールが、ステップ(ii)においてUHMWPEの相対量に対して250ppmでUHMWPEと混成され、前記第2の添加剤であるクルクミンが、ステップ(ii)においてUHMWPEの相対量に対して250ppmでUHMWPEと混成され、ステップ(iv)の前記架橋が、線量10MRadの照射によって行われる、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の添加剤がdl-α-トコフェロールであり、前記第2の添加剤がジペンタエリスリトールである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の添加剤であるdl-α-トコフェロールが、ステップ(ii)においてUHMWPEの相対量に対して300ppmでUHMWPEと混成され、前記第2の添加剤であるジペンタエリスリトールが、ステップ(ii)においてUHMWPEの相対量に対して300ppmでUHMWPEと混成され、ステップ(iv)の前記架橋が、線量10MRadの照射によって行われる、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の添加剤がクルクミンであり、前記第2の添加剤がジペンタエリスリトールである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の添加剤であるクルクミンが、ステップ(ii)においてUHMWPEの相対量に対して300ppmでUHMWPEと混成され、前記第2の添加剤であるジペンタエリスリトールが、ステップ(ii)においてUHMWPEの相対量に対して300ppmでUHMWPEと混成され、ステップ(iv)の前記架橋が、線量10MRadの照射によって行われる、請求項14に記載の方法。
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