JP5866389B2 - 燃料電池装置 - Google Patents
燃料電池装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5866389B2 JP5866389B2 JP2014034976A JP2014034976A JP5866389B2 JP 5866389 B2 JP5866389 B2 JP 5866389B2 JP 2014034976 A JP2014034976 A JP 2014034976A JP 2014034976 A JP2014034976 A JP 2014034976A JP 5866389 B2 JP5866389 B2 JP 5866389B2
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- fuel cell
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- supply port
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 122
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 176
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
- F16K11/10—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K15/00—Check valves
- F16K15/18—Check valves with actuating mechanism; Combined check valves and actuated valves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
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- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04141—Humidifying by water containing exhaust gases
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- Y10T137/7781—With separate connected fluid reactor surface
- Y10T137/7783—Valve closes in responses to reverse flow
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Check Valves (AREA)
Description
(ii)前記燃料電池装置の陰極システム(a cathode system)と連通する(fluid communication)排出路上の閉塞バルブを閉じる。前記陰極システムは、前記燃料電池スタックを通り抜ける陰極流路を含む。
(iii)前記燃料電池スタック内の陰極空気流入口(a cathode air inlet port)と連通する空気圧縮装置により前記陰極システムを加圧する。
(iv)前記陰極流路から水を排出する。
Claims (10)
- 逆流防止バルブを含む燃料電池装置であって、
前記逆流防止バルブは、
第1の供給口と、
第2の供給口と、
逆流止め弁であって、前記第1の供給口と前記第2の供給口とを結ぶ主流路内にあって、流体を前記第1の供給口から前記第2の供給口へと流し、その逆方向への流体の流れを防ぐように構成されている、前記逆流止め弁と、
前記主流路と連通する、バイパス流路と、
封止弁であって、前記バイパス路と浄化口の間において前記バイパス路の端部を圧迫する前記封止弁と、を備え、
前記封止弁は、前記第1の供給口における流圧が前記第2の供給口における流圧を超えたとき、前記バイパス路の封止を維持することにより、前記主流路から前記バイパス流路を通って前記浄化口へと至る流れを妨げて、前記第2の供給口における流圧が前記第1の供給口における流圧を超えたとき、前記第2の供給口から前記バイパス流路を通って前記浄化口へと至る流れを許容するように構成されており、
前記逆流防止バルブの前記第2の供給口は、陰極注水路と接続されており、前記第1の供給口は、ポンプと接続されており、前記浄化口は、保水容器の内部容積と連通しており、さらに、
前記逆流防止バルブは前記保水容器中に設けられている、燃料電池装置。 - 請求項1に記載された燃料電池装置であって、さらに、燃料電池スタックと、陰極システムと、熱交換器とを含んでおり、
前記陰極システムは、陰極流路を有しており、
前記陰極流路は、直列接続された、陰極空気流入路と、前記燃料電池スタック内の陰極部と、陰極出口流路とを含み、前記燃料電池スタックに空気を通すように構成されており、
前記熱交換器は、水分離器と直列接続され、前記陰極流路の前記陰極出口流路と接続されており、
前記水分離器の排水口流路は、第1の水帰還路によって保水容器に接続されている燃料電池装置。 - 請求項2に記載された燃料電池装置であって、
前記熱交換器の排水口は、第2の水帰還路によって前記保水容器と接続されている燃料電池装置。 - 請求項3に記載された燃料電池装置であって、
前記第1及び第2の水帰還路の各々に水ポンプを含む燃料電池装置。 - 請求項1に記載された燃料電池装置であって、さらに、燃料電池スタックと、陰極システムと、空気圧縮装置とを含んでおり、
前記陰極システムは、陰極流路を有しており、
前記陰極流路は、直列接続された、陰極空気流入路と、前記燃料電池スタック内の陰極部と、陰極出口流路とを含み、前記燃料電池スタックに空気を通すように構成されており、
前記空気圧縮装置は、前記陰極空気流入路と連通しており、
前記保水容器は、断熱され、前記陰極流路から水帰還路を通じて水を受けるように構成されており、
前記装置の運転が停止すると、水を、前記陰極流路から前記水帰還路を通して前記容器へと排出するように構成されている燃料電池装置。 - 請求項5に記載された燃料電池装置であって、
前記容器は、前記陰極注水路と流路が接続されており、
前記陰極注水路は、さらに前記燃料電池スタック内の陰極注水口を含み、水が、前記逆流防止バルブを通じて前記燃料電池スタックの前記陰極部から前記容器の中へと流れるように構成されており、
前記逆流防止バルブは、前記バルブにわたる圧力差が、前記燃料電池装置の運転中のものから逆転したときに、水を前記陰極流路から前記容器へと流すように構成されている燃料電池装置。 - 請求項1に記載された燃料電池装置であって、
前記封止弁は、前記第2の供給口における流圧が前記第1の供給口における流圧を、予め定められた量だけ超えたとき、前記第2の供給口から前記バイパス流路を通って前記浄化口へと至る流れを許容するように構成されている燃料電池装置。 - 請求項7に記載された燃料電池装置であって、
前記予め定められた量は、300(mBar)より少なくない燃料電池装置。 - 請求項1、7および8の何れか一項に記載された燃料電池装置であって、
前記封止弁は、弾性のダイヤフラムを含み、その一方の面が、前記第1の供給口と連通し、その反対面が、前記バイパス路の端部を圧迫している燃料電池装置。 - 請求項1、7、8および9の何れか一項に記載された燃料電池装置であって、
前記第1の供給口と前記封止弁を結ぶ連結流路を含む燃料電池装置。
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