JP5841229B2 - 石油系油分の脱硫方法 - Google Patents
石油系油分の脱硫方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5841229B2 JP5841229B2 JP2014500543A JP2014500543A JP5841229B2 JP 5841229 B2 JP5841229 B2 JP 5841229B2 JP 2014500543 A JP2014500543 A JP 2014500543A JP 2014500543 A JP2014500543 A JP 2014500543A JP 5841229 B2 JP5841229 B2 JP 5841229B2
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- oil
- carbon black
- sodium
- pat
- mixture
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 115
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title description 66
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title description 66
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 title description 28
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 cyclic alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylene hexane Natural products CCCCCC=C ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 60
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 36
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 35
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 35
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 4
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004846 x-ray emission Methods 0.000 description 3
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical class C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRTOHSLOFCWHRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)C=CC2=C1 LRTOHSLOFCWHRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZNSMNVMLTJELDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether Chemical compound ClCCOCCCl ZNSMNVMLTJELDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDQVEACBQKUUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M disodium;sulfanide Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[SH-] VDQVEACBQKUUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002019 disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C[CH]C=CC3=CC2=C1 RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003791 organic solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011197 physicochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010734 process oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[SH-] HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003463 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003577 thiophenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021654 trace metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G21/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
- C10G21/06—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents characterised by the solvent used
- C10G21/12—Organic compounds only
- C10G21/14—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G19/00—Refining hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment
- C10G19/073—Refining hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment with solid alkaline material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
- C10G29/04—Metals, or metals deposited on a carrier
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/202—Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/44—Solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G31/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for
- C10G31/09—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by filtration
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Description
本開示の目的は、脱硫された油の改善された収率及び高い品質を提供する、カーボンブラック原料油の脱硫方法を提供することである。
本開示によると、石油系油分の脱硫のための方法を提供し、前記方法は以下の工程を含む:
石油溶媒混合物を得るために、アルカン、アルケン、環状アルケン及びアルキンから成る群から選択される炭化水素有機溶媒を用いて石油系油分を希釈する工程であって、前記油溶媒混合物中の前記有機溶媒濃度が、0.1〜70%の範囲である工程と;
反応器へ前記油溶媒混合物を移す工程と;
前記反応器中の前記油溶媒混合物へ、固体のナトリウム金属を添加する工程であって、前記ナトリウム金属濃度が、石油系油分濃度の0.1〜20%である工程と;
結果として生じる混合物を得るために、240〜350℃の範囲の温度及び、0〜500psigの範囲の圧力で15分〜4時間、混合しながら、前記油溶媒混合物とナトリウムとを反応させる工程と;
前記結果として得られた混合物を冷却し、沈殿させる工程と;
冷却した混合物をデカントし、脱硫した石油系油分のデカントした溶液を濾過する工程。
本開示は、カーボンブラック原料油(CBFO)の脱硫方法に関する。原料油(CBFO)は、周囲温度において高い粘度を有する。方法は、脱硫反応の前に、適切な溶媒を用いて原料油を希釈することを含む。有機溶媒は、アルカン、アルケン、環状アルケン及びアルキンから成る炭化水素溶媒群から選択することができる。同様に、ガソリン、灯油、原油などの他の油も、原料油を希釈するために使用することができる。有機溶媒は、特に、n−ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン、ヘプタン、ペンテン、ヘキセン、ヘプテン、オクテン、トルエン及びキシレンから成る群から選択され、好ましくは、溶媒はキシレンである。用いた溶媒濃度は、CBFO及び溶媒の混合物で、0.1〜70%の範囲、好ましくは、0.1〜50%の範囲、より好ましくは1〜30%の範囲である。
実験は、CBFO収量におけるキシレン量の影響を評価するために、比率を変化させるCBFO及びキシレン混合物について、行った。以下の全ての三つの実施例(表1に記載)を、水素雰囲気の存在下で、行った。実施例1において、150gのCBFOを、150mLのキシレンと混合した。これは、CBFS:キシレン=50:50(重量:体積ベース)の混合物をもたらした。溶液を十分に混合下後、高圧反応器へ移した。9gmのナトリウム金属を、別々に秤量した。ナトリウム金属を次に、0.5〜1.0cmの小片に切断し、反応器内のCBFS/キシレン溶液へ加えた。反応容器を、まず空気を除去するために窒素でパージし、その後、容器を水素でパージした。反応器を次に、水素を用いて300psiまで加圧した。反応器を、続いて、290℃の温度へ加熱した。反応を、この温度で4時間行った。溶液全体を室温まで冷却した後、CBFOをデカントした。デカントした溶液を濾過し、XRF(蛍光X線分光)により硫黄含有量について分析した。同様に、脱硫方法を、他の様々なCBFO:キシレン比、即ち、70:30、80:20(表1に実施例2及び3において示されている)について、行った。これらの異なる組成についての結果を、表1にまとめた。異なるCBFS:キシレン比のそれぞれについての脱硫効率と一緒に、使用したCBFO、キシレン及びナトリウム含有量についても、以下に表す。
脱硫及びキシレン蒸留後の実施例2からのサンプルを、温度の関数としての粘度について分析した。サンプルを最初に約175℃まで加熱し、サンプルを冷却した時点の異なる温度で、粘度測定値を記録した。同様に、測定値を、未処理又は原料のままのCBFOの第二のサンプルについて記録した。結果を、表2に表す。
サンプルを更に、油のアスファルテン含有量について試験した。アスファルテンは、カーボンブラック形成中に、カーボンブラックの品質のみならず、製造方法についても有害であることが判明している。従って、処理した油及び未処理の油についてのアスファルテン含有量を、両方の油の中の、n−ヘプタン不溶分を測定することにより行った。未処理の油のアスファルテン含有量が10.59%であることが観察された。しかしながら、処理した油のアスファルテン含有量は、実質的に4.65%へ低減されていた。これは、我々の方法が、50%以上アスファルテン含有量を低減できることを示唆していた。
以下の実験は、脱硫方法について、時間、温度及び圧力パラメータを最適化するために行った。これらの研究は、70:30のCBFO:キシレン比について行うことにした。これらの最適化研究は、表3に記載の実施例4〜11において説明する。
脱硫実験を、水素及びキシレンの存在下、及び、非存在下で行った。キシレンの存在は、処理のみならず、副生成物の生成にも大きな影響を有することが観察された。同様に、全体的な脱硫方法への水素の影響を理解することが重要であった。従って、個々に及び組み合わせた水素及びキシレンの効果を研究するために、以下のスキームを検討した:実施例12−キシレンの存在下であり、且つ、H2の非存在下での脱硫;実施例13−キシレンの存在下であり、且つ、H2の存在下での脱硫;実施例14−キシレンの非存在下であり、且つ、H2の非存在下での脱硫。
本開示中に記載されるように、カーボンブラック供給油の脱硫のための方法は、水素を必要としない方法;高圧条件を必要としない方法;原料油の損失を低減する方法;>50%の石油系油分のアスファルテン含有量の減少を与える方法;<200cPまで脱硫した油の粘度を向上させる方法;<10ppmまで残留ナトリウム含有量を減少させる方法;CBFOの処理及び取り扱い条件を促進する方法;脱硫した油及びその副生成物の容易な濾過及び分離を提供する方法;ナトリウム金属と比較して、油の密度を低下させるために安全である方法;及び、ナトリウム金属と比較して、油の密度を低下させるため、安全である方法;の実現を含むがそれらに限定されない技術的優位性を有する。
Claims (12)
- カーボンブラック原料油を脱硫するための方法であって、以下の工程、
1.油溶媒混合物を得るために、アルカン、アルケン、環状アルケン及びアルキンから成る群から選択される炭化水素有機溶媒を用いて、カーボンブラック原料油を希釈する工程であって、前記油溶媒混合物中の前記有機溶媒濃度が、0.1〜70%の範囲である工程と、
2.前記油溶媒混合物を反応容器へ移す工程と、
3.固形ナトリウム金属を、前記反応容器中の前記油溶媒混合物へ加える工程であって、前記ナトリウム濃度が、前記カーボンブラック原料油の0.1〜20%である工程と、
4.混合しながら、240〜350℃の範囲の温度及び0〜500psigの範囲の圧力で、15分〜4時間、前記油溶媒混合物とナトリウムとを反応させて、混合物を得る工程と、
5.前記得られた混合物を冷却及び沈殿する工程と、
6.前記冷却された混合物をデカントし、脱硫したカーボンブラック原料油のデカントされた溶液を濾過する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記炭化水素有機溶媒が、n−ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン、ヘプタン、ペンテン、ヘキセン、ヘプテン、オクテン、トルエン及びキシレンから成る群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程3の後であって、工程4の前に、0〜500psigの範囲の圧力で、水素ガスを用いて前記反応容器をパージする工程を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程(4)の後の工程において、蒸留により脱硫したカーボンブラック原料油から前記有機溶媒を分離する工程を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程4において、前記混合が、インラインミキサー、機械的ミキサー、ポンプアラウンドループ及び超音波ミキサーから選択された、ミキサー手段による高せん断混合を使用することにより行われる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程6の後に、攪拌しながら、30分〜90分間、50〜150℃の範囲の温度で、第2の有機溶媒中で、前記脱硫したカーボンブラック原料油を0.1〜10%カルボン酸を用いて処理すること;及び、10〜50ppmのナトリウム含有量を有する、脱硫されたカーボンブラック原料油を得るために、前記得られた混合物を濾過することにより、残留ナトリウム金属を除去する工程を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記カルボン酸が、酢酸、ギ酸及びプロピオン酸から選択される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の有機溶媒が、アルカン、アルケン、環状アルケン、アルキン及びアルコールから選択される、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の有機溶媒が、キシレンである、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 工程6の後に、30〜150℃の範囲の温度で、空気を用いて前記脱硫したカーボンブラック原料油をパージすることにより、残留ナトリウム金属を除去する工程を更に含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程4における温度が、250〜350℃である請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程4における温度が、290〜350℃である請求項1に記載の方法。
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