JP5833569B2 - アルコールの脱水反応で使用するリン変成ゼオライトを含む触媒の製造方法 - Google Patents
アルコールの脱水反応で使用するリン変成ゼオライトを含む触媒の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5833569B2 JP5833569B2 JP2012549378A JP2012549378A JP5833569B2 JP 5833569 B2 JP5833569 B2 JP 5833569B2 JP 2012549378 A JP2012549378 A JP 2012549378A JP 2012549378 A JP2012549378 A JP 2012549378A JP 5833569 B2 JP5833569 B2 JP 5833569B2
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- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- zeolite
- catalyst
- phosphorus
- use according
- earth metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 103
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical class O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 86
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 54
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- -1 alkaline earth metal salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 13
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical group [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethyl ether Chemical compound CCOC(C)(C)C NUMQCACRALPSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(dimethylsulfamoyl)-2-methylfuran-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C)O1 DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052914 metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LRPCLTPZMUIPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;sulfuric acid Chemical compound C.OS(O)(=O)=O LRPCLTPZMUIPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012229 microporous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000865 phosphorylative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000275 saponite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XREXPQGDOPQPAH-QKUPJAQQSA-K trisodium;[(z)-18-[1,3-bis[[(z)-12-sulfonatooxyoctadec-9-enoyl]oxy]propan-2-yloxy]-18-oxooctadec-9-en-7-yl] sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].CCCCCCC(OS([O-])(=O)=O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(CCCCCC)OS([O-])(=O)=O)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CC(CCCCCC)OS([O-])(=O)=O XREXPQGDOPQPAH-QKUPJAQQSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、リン変成ゼオライトから成る触媒を用いて少なくとも一種のアルコールを対応するオレフィンへ変換するための脱水プロセスに関するものである。
を含むメタノールまたはジメチルエーテルを軽質オレフィンに触媒転化で使用するのに適したZSM−5ベースの触媒の製造方法が記載されている:
(2)混合物を混練、成形、乾燥、か焼し、
(3)変成ゼオライトを70-90℃でHCI溶液と交換し、
(4)H-変成されたゼオライトを乾燥し、か焼し、
(5)減圧下のH-変成ゼオライトにリン酸を含浸させ、
(6)P-変成されたゼオライトを乾燥し、か焼し、
(7)減圧下にP-変成されたゼオライトに希土類元素の溶液を含浸し、
(8)P-希土類変成されたゼオライトを乾燥し、か焼し、
(9)P-希土類変成ゼオライトを500〜600℃で水蒸気で熱水処理し、
(10)変成ゼオライトをか焼する。
上記触媒が下記の工程を下記の順番で有する方法によって製造されたものであることを特徴と使用にある:
(a) 構造中に少なくとも1つの10員環を含むゼオライトに燐の基本的な部分を導入し、
(b) 段階(a)でリン変成されたゼオライトを一種以上のバインダ、アルカリ土類金属塩、希土類金属塩、クレーおよび成形助剤の中から選択される少なくとも一つの成分と混合し、
(b*) (b)で得られた混合物から触媒本体を作り、
(c) 必要に応じて乾燥段階を行うか、必要に応じて洗浄段階後に乾燥段階を行い、
(d) か焼段階を行い、
(d*) 必要に応じて洗浄し、乾燥段階を行い、
(e) 必要に応じて、段階(b)または(b*)中または段階(b)または(b*)の終わりに燐の少量部分を導入する。
ゼオライトはアルカリ金属およびアルカリ土類金属を200ppm以下しか含まないのが有利である。
燐の供給源は金属間化合物を実質的に含まないのが有利であり、H3PO4、リン酸アンモニウムまたは有機P-化合物であるのが有利である。本発明の一つの実施例では、段階(e)の燐はバインダまたはクレーの成分として導入できる。
段階(a)の塩酸塩化前にゼオライトに種々の処理、例えばイオン交換、スチーミング、酸処理、シリカ析出による表面パッシべーション等を行うこともできる。
好ましいゼオライト構造はMFI、MTT、FER、MEL、TON、MWW、EUO、MFS、ZSM-48の中から選択される。
P-変成ゼオライトは例えば下記の順番を有するプロセスで製造する:
(1)Pを導入し、
(2)液体がある場合には、液体から固形物を分離し、
(3)必要に応じて乾燥段階または乾燥段階後に必要に応じて洗浄段階を行い、
(4)か焼段階。
(1)ゼオライトを選択し、
(2)40℃〜870℃の温度で0.01〜200時間スチーミングし、
(3)必要に応じて、ゼオライトからAlの実質的な部分を除去するのに有効な条件下で、酸性水溶液でリーチング(leaching)し、
(4)Pを含む供給源を含む水溶液を用い、有利には少なくとも0.05重量%のPを導入するのに有効な条件下で、Pを導入し、
(5)液体からの固形物を分離し、
(6)必要に応じて、洗浄段階または乾燥段階または乾燥段階とそれに続く洗浄段階を行い、
(7)必要に応じて、か焼段階を行う。
(1) 重合してポリエチレンを作る、
(2) ダイマー化してブテンとし、それからイソブテンに異性化し、このイソブテンをエタノールと反応させてETBEを製造する、
(3) ダイマー化して1−ブテンとし、トリマー化して1−ヘキセンとするか、テトラマー化して1−オクテンにし、さらに上記アルファオレフィン・コモノマーをエチレンと反応させてポリエチレンを製造する、
(4) ダイマー化して1−ブテンとし、この1−ブテンを異性化して2-ブテンとし、この2-ブテンをさらにメタセシス反応でエチレンと一緒に変換してプロピレンにし、このプロピレンをポリプロピレンに重合する、
(5) エチレンオキシドおよびグリコールへの変換、または
(6) 塩化ビニルへ変換する。
生成物はオンライン・ガスクロマトグラフィを使用して分析した。
下記実施例で使用したバイオ-エタノールはSurfin 96バイオ-エタノールである。これは、発酵で製造したエタノールに種々の蒸留段階および生成段階を行って高純度のバイオエタノールを得たことを意味する。このSurfin 96バイオ-エタノールの特性を[表1]に示す。
触媒A:
この触媒は下記処方に従って調製した燐変成ゼオライト(P-ZSM5)である。H-形のゼオライトZSM-5(Si/Al=13)のサンプルを550℃で100% H20で6時間スチーミングした。その後、1270gのスチーミング済み固形物を241.3gのH3P04(85重量%)を含む水溶液と還流条件下で2時間接触させた(4ml/1gゼオライト)。その後、69.9gのCaC03を導入し、さらに、溶液を80℃で3日間蒸発させて乾燥した。750gの乾燥した試料を401.5gのコロイダルシリカ(Bindzil、 Si02が34重量%、Naは200ppm)および0.01重量%の押出し添加剤と一緒に押出した。押出された固形物を110℃で16時間乾燥し、600℃で10時間か焼した。その後、触媒を600℃で2時間スチーミングして平衡化した。得られたサンプルを以下、触媒Aという。
この実施例では、95重量%のSurfin96エタノールと5重量%の水との混合物を下記脱水条件下に触媒Aで処理した:出口圧力=2絶対バール、粗エタノールの重量時間空間速度=7h-1、ダウンフロー、入口温度=400℃。
[図1]は流れ(stream)時間を関数としたエタノールの転化率(中実点)およびエチレン収率(中空点)の変化を示す図。
触媒Bの合成:
H-形ゼオライトZSM-5(Si/Al=12)のサンプル(Na含有量=445ppm、K=25ppm以下、Fe=178ppm、Ca=17ppm、テンプレートなしに合成)を550℃で100% H20中で6時間、大気圧下にスチーミングした。次いで、600gのスチーミング済み固形物を還流条件下に2時間、H3P04水溶液と接触させた(H3P04=114g、4ml/1gゼオライト)。その後、35gのCaC03を導入し、撹拌下に蒸発させた。720gの乾燥済み試料を121gのBindzilコロイダルシリカ(Si02=34重量%、Na=200ppm)の形のSi02と、2重量%の押出助剤と一緒にに押出した。押出した固形物を10℃で16時間乾燥し、600℃で100%スチームを用いて2時間スチーミングした。こうして得たサンプルを以下、触媒Bという。
この実施例では、95重量%のSurfin96エタノールと5重量%の水との混合物を上記触媒Bを用いて下記脱水条件下に処理した:出口圧力=2絶対バール、粗エタノールの重量時間空間速度=7h-1、ダウンフロー、入口温度=400℃。[図2]は流れ時間を関数としたエタノール転化率(長方形)およびエチレン収率(菱形)の変化を示す。
この実施例では上記の95/5重量%組成を有するイソブタノール/水混合液を、上記触媒で280および300℃の温度で1.5絶対バールの圧力下に7h-1のイソブタノール空間速度で処理した。
この運転条件下ではイソブタノールの転化がほぼ完全で、ブテン選択性は90重量%以上、イソブテン選択性は約66〜67%である。すなわち、ほぼ90%以上のブテンが製造され、その中の有意な量がn-ブテンへの骨格異性化された。重質物は10%以下である。
この実施例では触媒中にバインが存在するとゼオライトへの燐の導入を干渉することを示す。ゼオライト基準で粉末(触媒A、B)の場合と同じ配合比率の試薬を湿式含浸によって押出しゼオライトを燐酸塩化してる得られる固形物は脱水に選択性が無い触媒になる。
30g のNH4-形のZSM-5(Si/Al=12)サンプル(Naの含有量=445ppm、K=25ppm以下、Fe=78ppm、Ca=17ppm、テンプレートなしで合成)を、沈殿シリカの形のSi02の20重量%(680ppmのナトリウムを含む)と2重量%の押出助剤と一緒にに押し出した。押出し成形されたサンプルを6OO℃で10時間か焼し、550℃で100%のH20手6時間スチーミングした。25gのスチーミング済み固形物を還流条件下に3.8gのH3P04(4,2ml、H20/1gゼオライト)を含む水溶液を2時間、接触させた。その後、1gのCaC03を導入した。得られた固形物を溶液から分離し、110℃で16時間乾燥し、600℃で2時間スチーミングして平衡化させた。このサンプルを以下、サンプルCという。
この実施例では、9mlの0.5mmSiCで希釈した35〜45メッシュペレットの1mlの触媒を管型反応装置に充填した。25重量%のSurfin96エタノールと75重量%の水との混合物を同じ脱水条件で触媒Bおよび触媒Cで処理した:出口圧力=2絶対バール、粗エタノールの重量時間空間速度=7h-1、ダウンフロー、入口温度=380℃。
Claims (11)
- 少なくとも2つの炭素原子を有するアルコールを対応するオレフィンに変換する脱水プロセスでの燐変成ゼオライトを含む触媒の使用であって、
上記触媒が下記の工程を下記の順番:
(a) 構造中に少なくとも1つの10員環を含むゼオライトにゼオライトの重量の0.5〜30重量%の燐を導入し、
(b) 段階(a)で燐変成されたゼオライトを一種以上のバインダ、アルカリ土類金属塩、希土類金属塩、クレーの中から選択される少なくとも一つの成分と混合し、
(b*) (b)で得られた混合物から触媒本体を作り、
(d) 得られた触媒本体のか焼段階を行う、
で有する方法によって製造されたものであり、
触媒中に導入される燐の全量を(a)段階でゼオライト中に添加し、その後の段階では燐を添加しないことを特徴とする使用。 - (b*)段階と(d)段階との間に乾燥するか、洗浄後に乾燥する(c)段階を有し、(d) 段階の後に洗浄し、乾燥を行う(d*)段階をさらに有する請求項1に記載の使用。
- 段階(a)でゼオライトに導入する燐の量がゼオライトの重量の0.5〜9重量%である請求項1または2に記載の使用。
- ゼオライト(またはモレキュラーシーブ)がナトリウムを1000wppm以下しか含まず、カリウムは1000wppm以下、鉄は1000wppm以下しか含まない請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
- ゼオライトがレドックス元素および貴元素を100 ppm以下しか含まない請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
- ゼオライトがZn、Cr、Ti、Rh、Mn、Ni、V、Mo、Co、Cu、Cd、Pt、Pd、Ir、Ru、Reを100 ppm以下しか含まない請求項5に記載の使用。
- アルカリ土類金属および希土類金属塩がCa、Mg、Sr、Ce、Laまたはこれらの組合せである請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
- ゼオライトの構造がMFI、MTT、FER、MEL、TON、MWW、EUO、MFS、ZSM-48の中から選択される請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
- P−ゼオライトの比率が触媒の15〜90重量%である請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
- アルカリ土類金属塩および希土類金属塩の濃度が金属(Me)基準で触媒の0.1〜15重量%である請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
- 触媒中の(Al+Me)/Pのモル比(ここでMeはアルカリ金属または希土類金属である)が0.5〜3である請求項10に記載の使用。
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PCT/EP2011/050964 WO2011089263A1 (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2011-01-25 | Method for making a catalyst comprising a phosphorus modified zeolite to be used in an alcohols dehydration process |
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JP2015133219A Division JP2015211970A (ja) | 2010-01-25 | 2015-07-02 | アルコールの脱水反応で使用するリン変成ゼオライトを含む触媒の製造方法 |
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