JP5782385B2 - ヒトox40に対する特異性を有する抗体分子 - Google Patents
ヒトox40に対する特異性を有する抗体分子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5782385B2 JP5782385B2 JP2011551173A JP2011551173A JP5782385B2 JP 5782385 B2 JP5782385 B2 JP 5782385B2 JP 2011551173 A JP2011551173 A JP 2011551173A JP 2011551173 A JP2011551173 A JP 2011551173A JP 5782385 B2 JP5782385 B2 JP 5782385B2
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- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
- C07K2317/90—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by (pharmaco)kinetic aspects or by stability of the immunoglobulin
- C07K2317/92—Affinity (KD), association rate (Ka), dissociation rate (Kd) or EC50 value
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Description
一般的にFab断片または他の断片の形であるヒト化CA044_00026は、A26と称される。
抗体可変ドメイン中の残基は、慣用的に、Kabatらによって考案された系にしたがって番号付けされる。この系は、Kabatら, 1987, Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, US Department of Health and Human Services, NIH, USA(本明細書において以後、「Kabatら(上記)」と称される)中に示される。別に示さない限り、本明細書において、この番号付け系が用いられる。
したがって、1つの態様において、本発明記載の抗体は、重鎖可変ドメインが、CDR−H1に関して配列番号1に提供する配列、CDR−H2に関して配列番号2または配列番号20に提供する配列、およびCDR−H3に関して配列番号3に提供する配列を含む、重鎖、ならびに軽鎖可変ドメインが、CDR−L1に関して配列番号4または配列番号21に提供する配列、CDR−L2に関して配列番号5に提供する配列、およびCDR−L3に関して配列番号6に提供する配列を有する、軽鎖を含む。
−フェニルアラニン、チロシンおよびトリプトファン(芳香族側鎖を有するアミノ酸);
−リジン、アルギニンおよびヒスチジン(塩基性側鎖を有するアミノ酸);
−アスパラギン酸およびグルタミン酸(酸性側鎖を有するアミノ酸);
−アスパラギンおよびグルタミン(アミド側鎖を有するアミノ酸);ならびに
−システインおよびメチオニン(イオウ含有側鎖を有するアミノ酸)が含まれる。同一性および類似性の度合いは容易に計算可能である(Computational Molecular Biology, Lesk, A.M.監修, Oxford University Press, New York, 1988; Biocomputing. Informatics and Genome Projects, Smith, D.W.監修, Academic Press, New York, 1993; Computer Analysis of Sequence Data, Part 1, Griffin, A.M.およびGriffin, H.G.監修, Humana Press, New Jersey, 1994; Sequence Analysis in Molecular Biology, von Heinje, G., Academic Press, 1987, Sequence Analysis Primer, Gribskov, M.およびDevereux, J.監修, M Stockton Press, New York, 1991、NCBIより入手可能なBLASTTMソフトウェア(Altschul, S.F.ら, 1990, J. Mol. Biol. 215:403−410; Gish, W.およびStates, D.J. 1993, Nature Genet. 3:266−272. Madden, T.L.ら, 1996, Meth. Enzymol. 266:131−141; Altschul, S.F.ら, 1997, Nucleic Acids Res. 25:3389−3402; Zhang, J.およびMadden, T.L. 1997, Genome Res. 7:649−656,)。
1つの態様において、本明細書に提供する抗体はキメラ抗体である。
1つの態様において、本発明に提供する抗体は、配列番号1、2、3、4、5、6、20および/または21(図1(c))に提供するCDRまたはその変異体の1以上を含む、CDR移植抗体分子である。本明細書において、用語「CDR移植抗体分子」は、重鎖および/または軽鎖が、アクセプター抗体(例えばヒト抗体)の重鎖および/または軽鎖可変領域フレームワーク内に移植された、ドナー抗体(例えばネズミ・モノクローナル抗体)由来の1以上のCDR(望ましい場合、1以上の修飾CDRを含む)を含有する抗体分子を指す。概説には、Vaughanら, Nature Biotechnology, 16, 535−539, 1998を参照されたい。1つの態様において、全CDRを移動させるのではなく、上記のCDRのいずれか1つ由来の1以上の特異性決定領域のみを、ヒト抗体フレームワークに移動させる(例えば、Kashmiriら, 2005, Methods, 36, 25−34を参照されたい)。1つの態様において、上記のCDRの1以上由来の特異性決定残基のみを、ヒト抗体フレームワークに移動させる。別の態様において、上記の各CDR由来の特異性決定残基のみを、ヒト抗体フレームワークに移動させる。
1つの態様において、本発明の抗体は、重鎖可変ドメインが図1(b)配列番号9に提供する配列を含む、重鎖を含む。
別の態様において、本発明の抗体は、軽鎖を含み、ここで軽鎖可変ドメインが配列番号7に提供する配列に少なくとも60%の同一性または類似性を有する配列を含む。1つの態様において、本発明の抗体は、軽鎖を含み、ここで軽鎖可変ドメインが配列番号7に提供する配列に少なくとも70%、80%、90%、95%または98%の同一性または類似性を有する配列を含む。
1つの態様において、本発明が提供する抗体は、重鎖定常領域が修飾ヒンジ領域を含む、ヒトOX40に特異性を有するアンタゴニスト性抗体である。したがって、本発明は、重鎖が図1(f)、配列番号15に提供する配列を含むかまたは該配列からなる抗体を提供する。
本発明の1つの態様において、抗体は、配列番号11に提供する配列に少なくとも60%の同一性または類似性を有する配列を含む、軽鎖を含む。例えば、抗体は、配列番号11に提供する配列に少なくとも70%、80%、90%、95%または98%の同一性または類似性を有する配列を含む、軽鎖を含む。
本発明の抗体分子は、適切には、高い結合アフィニティ、特にピコモル濃度のアフィニティを有する。天然または組換えOX40あるいは適切な融合タンパク質/ポリペプチドを用い、本明細書の実施例に記載するように、BIAcoreを含む、当該技術分野に知られる任意の適切な方法を用いて、アフィニティを測定してもよい。1つの例において、本明細書の実施例に記載するような組換えヒトOX40細胞外ドメインを用いて、アフィニティを測定する。1つの例において、用いる組換えヒトOX40細胞外ドメインは、二量体、例えばFc融合二量体である。適切には、本発明の抗体分子は、単離ヒトOX40に対して、約200pMまたはそれより優れた結合アフィニティを有する。1つの態様において、本発明の抗体分子は、約100pMまたはそれより優れた結合アフィニティを有する。1つの態様において、本発明の抗体分子は、約50pMまたはそれより優れた結合アフィニティを有する。1つの態様において、本発明の抗体分子は、約40pMまたはそれより優れた結合アフィニティを有する。1つの態様において、本発明の抗体分子は、約30pMまたはそれより優れた結合アフィニティを有する。1つの態様において、本発明の抗体分子は、完全ヒトまたはヒト化抗体であり、そして約100pMまたはそれより優れた結合アフィニティを有する。
合成ポリマーの特定の例には、場合によって置換された直鎖または分枝鎖ポリ(エチレングリコール)、ポリ(プロピレングリコール)ポリ(ビニルアルコール)またはその誘導体、特に場合によって置換されたポリ(エチレングリコール)、例えばメトキシポリ(エチレングリコール)またはその誘導体が含まれる。
「誘導体」は、本明細書において、反応性誘導体、例えばチオール選択性反応基、例えばマレイミド等を含むよう意図される。反応基は、直接またはリンカーセグメントを通じて、ポリマーに連結されてもよい。いくつかの場合、こうした基の残基が、抗体断片およびポリマー間の連結基として、産物の一部を形成することが認識されるであろう。
1つの態様において、鎖中のアミノ酸226のまたはその近傍のシステインアミノ酸残基、例えば重鎖アミノ酸226(連続番号付けによる)を通じて付着される、PEG化された(例えば本明細書記載のPEGで)抗体を提供する。
分子生物学の標準的技術を用いて、本発明の抗体分子をコードするDNA配列を調製してもよい。オリゴヌクレオチド合成技術を用いて、望ましいDNA配列を完全にまたは部分的に合成してもよい。部位特異的突然変異誘発およびポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)技術を適切なように用いてもよい。
本発明の抗体は、病理学的状態の治療および/または予防に有用であるため、本発明はまた、1以上の薬学的に許容されうる賦形剤、希釈剤またはキャリアーと組み合わされた、本発明の抗体分子を含む薬学的組成物または診断組成物も提供する。したがって、薬剤製造のための本発明の抗体の使用を提供する。組成物は、通常、薬学的に許容されうるキャリアーを通常は含む、無菌薬学的組成物の一部として供給されるであろう。本発明の薬学的組成物は、薬学的に許容されうるアジュバントをさらに含んでもよい。
本発明の抗体分子を投与する用量は、治療しようとする状態の性質、存在する炎症の度合い、および抗体分子が予防的に用いられるか、または現存する状態を治療しようとするかのいずれかであるかに応じる。
適切な吸入調製物には、吸入可能粉末、噴霧ガスを含有する計量エアロゾル、または噴霧ガスを含まない吸入可能溶液が含まれる。活性物質を含有する開示にしたがった吸入可能粉末は、単に、上記活性物質、または上記活性物質と生理学的に許容されうる賦形剤の混合物からなってもよい。
本発明の抗体が遺伝子治療を使用することによって投与されうることもまた予想される。これを達成するため、適切なDNA構成要素の制御下で抗体分子の重鎖および軽鎖をコードするDNA配列を患者に導入し、抗体鎖がDNA配列から発現され、そしてin situで組み立てられるようにする。
本発明はまた、疼痛、特に炎症と関連する疼痛の治療または予防において使用するための、本発明記載の抗体分子も提供する。
本発明の抗体分子、断片または組成物を、ヒトまたは動物体内でOX40の影響を減少させるのが望ましい、任意の療法に利用してもよい。OX40は体内で循環していてもよいし、または体の特定の部位、例えば炎症部位に、望ましくなく高レベルで局在して存在していてもよい。
本発明はまた、OX40によって仲介される障害に罹患しているかまたはそのリスクがあるヒトまたは動物被験体を治療する方法であって、該被験体に、本発明の抗体分子、または該抗体分子を含む組成物の有効量を投与する工程を含む、前記方法を提供する。
不純物がカラムに保持され、そして抗体が溶出されるような非結合様式の陰イオン交換クロマトグラフィーを行う
工程を含む、前記プロセスを提供する。
精製プロセスはまた、1以上のろ過工程、例えばダイアフィルトレーション工程も含まれてもよい。
実質的に宿主細胞タンパク質またはDNAを含まない、は、一般的に、抗体産物mgあたり400μgのタンパク質および/またはDNA含量以下、例えばmgあたり100μg以下、特に適切なように、mgあたり20μgを指すよう意図される。
本明細書の背景において、含む(comprising)は含む(including)を意味するよう意図される。
態様は、本明細書において、特定の特徴/要素を含むように記載される。本開示はまた、前記特徴/要素からなるまたは本質的にこれらからなる別個の態様に広がる。
a)抗体A26の軽鎖V領域(配列番号7)
b)抗体A26の重鎖V領域(配列番号9)
c)抗体A26のCDRH1(配列番号1)、CDRH2(配列番号2)、CDRH3(配列番号3)、CDRL1(配列番号4)、CDRL2(配列番号5)、CDRL3(配列番号6)、ならびに抗体CA044_00026のCDRH2(配列番号20)およびCDRL1(配列番号21)
d)抗体A26の軽鎖(配列番号11)
e)シグナル配列(下線)を含む抗体A26の軽鎖(配列番号12)
f)抗体A26の重鎖(配列番号15)
g)シグナル配列(下線)を含む抗体A26の重鎖(配列番号16)
h)抗体A26の軽鎖可変領域をコードするDNA(配列番号8)
i)抗体A26の重鎖可変領域をコードするDNA(配列番号10)
j)抗体A26の軽鎖をコードするDNA(配列番号13)
k)シグナル配列を含む抗体A26の軽鎖をコードするDNA(配列番号14)
l)抗体A26の重鎖をコードするDNA(配列番号17)
m)シグナル配列を含む抗体A26の重鎖をコードするDNA(配列番号18)
n)シグナル配列および遺伝子間配列IGS2を含む抗体A26の重鎖および軽鎖をコードするDNA(配列番号19)
DNA操作および一般的な方法
大腸菌株INVαF’(Invitrogen)を形質転換およびルーチンの培養増殖に用いた。DNA制限酵素および修飾酵素をRoche Diagnostics Ltd.およびNew England Biolabsから得た。Maxiプラスミド精製キット(QIAGEN、カタログ番号12165)を用いて、プラスミド調製を行った。ABI Prism Big Dyeターミネーター配列決定キット(カタログ番号4304149)を用いて、DNA配列決定反応を行い、そしてABI 3100自動化配列決定装置(Applied Biosystems)上で泳動した。プログラムAutoAssembler(Applied Biosystems)を用いてデータを分析した。Invitrogenからオリゴヌクレオチドを得た。最初のV領域配列をコードする遺伝子を設計し、そしてEntelechon GmbHによる自動化合成アプローチによって構築し、そして修飾して、オリゴヌクレオチド誘導突然変異誘発によって移植型を生成した。Fab’アセンブリーELISAを用いて、Fab’濃度を決定した。
ヒトOX40およびmFCの組換え融合タンパク質で、雌スプレーグ・ドーリー・ラットを免疫した。WO92/02551に記載する方法を用いて、ヒトOX−40に結合する抗体CA044_00026を単離した。抗体CA044_00026の重鎖可変ドメイン(VH)および軽鎖可変ドメイン(VL)の遺伝子を単離し、そして逆転写PCRを通じたクローニングにしたがって配列決定した。
実施例1に記載するように大腸菌で産生し、そして精製したFab’断片A26を、WO2007/003898に記載される方法にしたがってPEG化した。リジルマレイミド基が重鎖(配列番号15)の226位のシステイン残基に付着し、そしてリジル残基の各アミノ基が、共有結合した分子量約20,000Daを有するメトキシポリ(エチレングリコール)残基を有するように、PEGを重鎖(配列番号15)の226位(直鎖番号付け)のヒンジ・システインに付着させた。抗体に付着したPEGの総分子量はしたがって、図2に示すようにおよそ40,000Daであった。
BIAcore技術は、リアルタイムで、そして標識する必要性を伴わず、生体分子間の結合を監視する。リガンドと称される相互作用物質の一方を直接固定するか、または固定化表面上に捕捉するかいずれかを行い、一方、分析物と称されるもう一方を、溶液中で捕捉表面上に流動させる。分析物がリガンドに結合して、表面上で複合体を形成するにつれて、センサーが、センサー表面上の質量変化を検出する。これが会合プロセスに対応する。分析物が緩衝剤によって置換された際、リガンドからの分析物の解離が監視される。アフィニティBIAcoreアッセイでは、リガンドは試験される抗体であり、そして分析物はヒトOX40である。
センサーチップ:CM5(研究等級)カタログ番号:BR−1001−14、Biacore AB、スウェーデン・ウプサラ。チップを4℃で保存した。
エチル−3−(3−ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド塩酸(EDC)。蒸留水中で75mg/mLにして、そして200μLアリコット中、−70℃で保存した。
1Mエタノールアミン塩酸−NaOH pH8.5。200μLアリコット中、−70℃で保存。
分析物:ネズミIgG2a Fc(232aa)に融合させたヒトOX40細胞外(185aa)ドメイン(0.5mg/ml、Ancell番号513−020、ロット142805)、4℃で保存。
50mMストック溶液から、蒸留水での希釈によって調製した5mM NaOH。カタログ番号:BR−1003−58。Biacore AB、スウェーデン・ウプサラ。
BIAcore 3000(BIAcore AB)を用いて、BIA(生体分子相互作用分析)を行った。アミンカップリング化学反応を介して、F(ab’)2断片特異的Affinipure F(ab’)2断片ヤギ抗ヒトIgG(Jackson ImmunoResearch)を、CM5センサーチップ上に、〜4000反応単位(RU)の捕捉レベルまで固定した。HBS−EP緩衝剤(10mM HEPES pH7.4、0.15M NaCl、3mM EDTA、0.005%界面活性剤P20、BIAcore AB)を泳動緩衝剤として、10μl/分の流速で用いた。0.5μg/mLのFab’または50μg/mLのFab’−PEGの10μl注入を、固定化抗ヒトIgG−F(ab’)2による捕捉のために用いた。ヒトOX40を、30μL/分の流速、多様な濃度(25nM〜0.78nM)で、捕捉抗体上で滴定した。10μL/分の流速での10μLの40mM HCl注入後、5μLの5mM NaOH注入によって、表面を再生した。
以下の表は、ヒトOX40に結合する非PEG化ヒト化Fab断片A26(fab*)およびA26Fab’−PEG Fab断片(Fab−PEG**)に関する反復データを示す:
表1
実施例3a:A26Fab’−PEGの細胞に基づくアフィニティおよびリガンド遮断能
細胞に基づくアフィニティ
細胞表面で発現された抗原に対するA26Fab’−PEGのアフィニティを決定するため、活性化されたCD4+OX40+ T細胞、およびFITC標識抗体を用いて、飽和結合実験を行った。リガンド濃度範囲に渡る平衡時の受容体への抗体の特異的結合を用いて、結合曲線のどの地点でも非常に少量の抗体のみが受容体に結合すると仮定して、KDを決定した。
受容体−抗体複合体の解離率=koffx[受容体−抗体]
平衡時、会合率および解離率は等しく、そして結合等温線を記載する等式が得られうる;片対数プロット上、結合はシグモイド状である。KDはkoff/konによって定義され、そして最大の半分の結合が生じる濃度として結合曲線から計算可能である。
Ficoll勾配上での分離によってPBMCを単離し、そして1μg/mL PHA−Lを37℃、5%CO2、100%湿度で3日間活性化した。磁気ビーズを用いた陰性選択によって、CD4+ T細胞を単離した(ヒト用CD4+ T細胞単離キットII)。およそ1.2x105細胞を抗体の存在下(最終濃度範囲10μg/mL〜0.0006μg/mL(111nM〜0.0068nM))、氷上で2時間インキュベーションした。FACScalibur(Becton Dickinson)を用いたフローサイトメトリーによって、分析前に細胞を洗浄した。1つはA26Fab’−PEGを用いて、そして二番目は非特異的結合対照としてgA33Fab’−PEGを用いて、2つの滴定曲線を産生した。線形回帰分析を用いて、非特異的結合を減じ、そしてこうして生成した特異的結合曲線を非線形回帰(Graphpad Prism(登録商標))によって分析して、KDを決定した。
フローサイトメトリーに基づくリガンド遮断アッセイを用いて、細胞表面で発現されたOX40および組換えOX40L間の相互作用をA26Fab’−PEGが遮断する能力を測定した。簡潔には、活性化されたヒトCD4+OX40+ T細胞を、A26Fab’−PEGの滴定とプレインキュベーションした。続いて組換えOX40Lを細胞に添加し、そしてA26Fab’−PEGの存在下で結合を可能にした。次いで、標識二次試薬を用いたフローサイトメトリーによって、結合したOX40Lの比率を検出した。図4は、代表的な阻害曲線を示し、そしてA26Fab’−PEGが、OX40L結合を完全に遮断可能であることを立証する。組換えOX40L結合阻害の平均IC50は4.1nMであった(n=2ドナー)。
細胞相互作用中の内因性OX40−OX40L結合を遮断する際の強度を評価するため、抗原が駆動するヒトT細胞反応の範囲内で、A26Fab’−PEGを試験した。
1964年に最初に開発された(Bachら, 1964, Science 143, 813−814)同種混合リンパ球反応(MLR)は、2人の関連しないドナー由来の全末梢血単核球(PBMC)を用いた、同種反応性T細胞活性化および増殖のin vitroモデルである(O’Flahertyら, 2000, Immunology, 100, 289−299)。関連しないドナーの刺激因子PBMC上の同種主要組織適合複合体(MHC)抗原の認識を通じて、ドナーT細胞を活性化して、細胞増殖およびサイトカイン産生を生じる(Lukacsら, 1993, Am J Pathology, 143, 1179−1188)。Tリンパ球同種反応は、同種MHC抗原および結合したペプチドの両方によって駆動されることが示されてきており(Shermanら, 1993, Annu. Rev. Immunol, 11, 385−402)、MLR反応が刺激因子である同種MHC抗原および結合したペプチドの両方に対するものでありうることが示唆されてきている。MLR反応の度合いは、反応因子−刺激因子対間のMHCミスマッチの度合いと相関する(Forresterら, 2004, Corneal Transplantation: An Immunological Guide to the Clinical Problem, Imperial College Press, 66−67)。MLR反応は、反応中のドナーからの細胞の増殖、ならびにTH1(IL−2、IFN−γおよびTNF−α)およびTH2(IL−4、IL−5、IL−10およびIL−13)両方のT細胞由来サイトカインの産生を生じる。MLRにおける正確なサイトカインプロフィールは、反応因子−刺激因子対に特異的であると考えられる(Jordanら, 2002, J. Immunol. Methods, 260, 1−14)。MLRアッセイは、T細胞活性化経路を研究し、そして免疫抑制薬剤をスクリーニングする研究において、そして後天性免疫不全症候群(AIDS)患者における免疫機能を評価し、そして移植レシピエントにおいてありうるドナー臓器拒絶を予測する臨床設定において広く用いられてきている(Bromelowら, 2001, J. Immunol. Methods, 247, 1−8)。
破傷風トキソイド(TT)は、ワクチン接種された個体において、強いT細胞特異的免疫反応を誘導する。in vitroで、増殖およびPBMCからのサイトカイン産生(TH1およびTH2)を監視することによって、TT曝露に対する抗原特異的リコール反応を検出してもよい(Bishopら、2005)。A26Fab’−PEGは、用量依存方式で、増殖、ならびにIL−5、IL−13、IFN−γおよびTNF−α産生を阻害し(データ未提示)、増殖最大阻害は38%に達した。2人のドナーに関して計算した、増殖阻害に関するIC50値は、0.58nM(0.051μg/mL)および1.11nM(0.097μg/mL)であった。図6は、1人のドナーに関するA26Fab’−PEG増殖阻害曲線を示す。
Ficoll勾配上での分離によってPBMCを単離し、そして96ウェル丸底プレート中、ウェルあたり200μLの最終体積中で、A26Fab’−PEGの存在下(濃度範囲5μg/mL〜0.001μg/mL)、1μg/mL破傷風トキソイド(Calbiochem)に曝露した。37℃、5%CO2、100%湿度で5日間インキュベーションした後、活発に分裂している細胞への3Hチミジン(0.5μCi/ウェル)の取り込みによって、細胞増殖を測定した。単一の代表的なドナーからの結果を提示する。Graphpad Prism(登録商標)ソフトウェアを用いてIC50値を計算した。
ヤケヒョウヒダニ属由来の種を含むイエダニなどの吸入抗原によって、重度急性喘息が誘発されうる(Tillie−Leblondら, 2005, Allergy, 60, (1), 23−29)。こうしたアレルゲンは、アトピー患者において、末梢血細胞による増殖反応およびTH2に偏ったサイトカイン産生を誘導するが、非アトピー患者では誘導しない(Lingら, 2004, Lancet, 363, 608−615)。in vitroアッセイをセットアップして、抗原曝露に反応したTH2サイトカインIL−13の産生に対するOX40遮断の影響を決定した。3〜5の間のアレルゲン特異的IgE(RAST)スコア(スケール0〜6)を持つアトピー患者からPBMCを採取し、そしてA26Fab’−PEGまたは対照抗体の存在下で、ヤケヒョウヒダニ抗原で刺激した。A26Fab’−PEGは、最大60%までIL−13産生を阻害し、IC50値は1.23nMであった(図7)。さらに、A26Fab’−PEGはまた、このアッセイにおいて、サイトカインIL−4、IL−5およびTNF−α産生も強力に阻害し、一方、制御サイトカイン、IL−10のレベルを増進した(図8)。
ヒト機能アッセイにおけるA26Fab’−PEGに関するIC50値を表2に要約する。A26Fab−PEGの強度は、3つのアッセイすべてに渡って類似であり、そして1.106nMである細胞に基づくアフィニティ測定値とよく相関する。これらのアッセイにおいて、細胞増殖および/または多数の炎症性サイトカインの産生のいずれかが有意に抑制され、A26Fab’−PEGがT細胞活性化を大規模に阻害することが立証される。破傷風トキソイドおよびイエダニアッセイは、どちらも、メモリーT細胞によるリコール反応を測定し、A26Fab’−PEGが多様な抗原に対する確立されたT細胞反応を阻害可能であることを示す。
Hu−SCIDモデルにおいて、A26Fab’−PEGは、CD4+ T細胞およびCD8+ T細胞の増殖を阻害する。
マウスに第2日、0.825、2.475または8.25mg/kgのs.c.装填用量を、そして次いで、それぞれ、0.25、0.75または2.5mg/kgのs.c.維持用量を毎日投与した。第0日に腹腔内に800万のヒトPBMCをトランスファーする前日、TMβ1を投薬することによって、マウスのNK細胞を枯渇させる。次いで、実験を第14日に終結させ、そして血液、腹腔洗浄液および脾臓ホモジネートを、CD4+細胞およびCD8+細胞に関して分析する。第14日、頸椎脱臼によってマウスを屠殺し、そして心臓穿刺によって出血させた。次いで、FACS分析によって、ヒトCD4+細胞およびCD8+細胞数を測定した。データ(n=10)を平均±SEMで表す。A26Fab’−PEG投与後の血中のCD4+細胞およびCD8+細胞の減少を図9に示す。
非ヒト霊長類(NHP)疾患モデルおよび前臨床毒性学におけるA26Fab’−PEGの使用を検証するため、ヒトおよびNHP細胞上で、相対的アフィニティおよび機能的強度を比較した。
NHP細胞上の細胞に基づくアフィニティ
カニクイザル(cynomolgus)またはアカゲザルCD4+ T細胞を末梢血から単離し、そして活性化して高レベルのOX40を発現させた。図3に示すような平衡結合曲線の非線形回帰分析によって、A26Fab’−PEGのアフィニティを測定した。A26Fab’−PEGは、ヒトに比較した際、カニクイザルまたはアカゲザルCD4+ T細胞に関してアフィニティの2倍未満の低下を示し、非常に交差反応性であることが示された(表3)。
研究および研究設計の原理
カニクイザル・コラーゲン誘導性関節炎は、ヒト実験の前に、潜在的な抗関節炎薬剤をプロファイリングするのに用いられる、標準モデルである。ここでは、このモデルは、TNFαおよびIL−6に対して向けられる治療に反応する。これらのデータは、同等の抗ヒト療法を用いた臨床的RA知見と一致する。
第一の免疫前日に、A26Fab’−PEGで処置した動物において、関節炎重症度は、一般的に、ビヒクル処置群におけるより低かった。関節炎スコアにおけるこれらの相違は、第49日、63日および76日で統計的に有意であった。図10は、臨床スコアに関する曲線下面積として示される、個々の動物に関するデータの全体の要約を示す。関節に対する骨浸食のX線評価もまた減少し(表4)、組織病理学的変化も同様であった(図11)。CRPおよびハプトグロビンの濃度は、対照群におけるより低くなる傾向があった。第一の免疫の前日、および第二の免疫の前日に、A26Fab’−PEGを投与した動物群に関して、類似の結果を得た。しかし、第二の免疫前日にのみ一度、A26Fab’−PEGを投与された動物では、説得力がある関節炎効果はなかった。これらのデータは、カニクイザルCIAにおける抗OX40治療の抗関節炎効果を示し、そして病原性免疫反応開始に対するOX40の重要性を立証する。
Claims (30)
- 重鎖及び軽鎖を含む、ヒトOX40に結合するアンタゴニスト性抗体であって、重鎖可変ドメインが、CDR−H1に関して配列番号1に提供する配列を有するCDR、CDR−H2に関して配列番号2または配列番号20に提供する配列を有するCDR、およびCDR−H3に関して配列番号3に提供する配列を有するCDRを含み、そして、軽鎖可変ドメインが、CDR−L1に関して配列番号4または配列番号21に提供する配列、CDR−L2に関して配列番号5に提供する配列、およびCDR−L3に関して配列番号6に提供する配列を含む、前記抗体。
- 重鎖が配列番号9に提供する配列を含む、請求項1記載の抗体。
- 軽鎖が配列番号7に提供する配列を含む、請求項1又は2記載の抗体。
- 抗体が:全長重鎖および軽鎖を有する完全抗体分子あるいはその断片、例えばFab、修飾Fab’、Fab’、F(ab’)2、Fv、VH、VLまたはscFv断片からなる群より選択される、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項記載のアンタゴニスト性抗体。
- 配列番号9に提供する配列を含む重鎖および配列番号7に提供する配列を含む軽鎖を有する、ヒトOX40に結合するアンタゴニスト性抗体。
- 配列番号15に提供する配列を含む重鎖および配列番号11に提供する配列を含む軽鎖を有する、ヒトOX40に結合するアンタゴニスト性抗体。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項記載の抗体、及びエフェクターまたはレポーター分子を有する、アンタゴニスト性抗体分子。
- エフェクター分子が1以上のポリマーを含む、請求項7記載のアンタゴニスト性抗体分子。
- 1以上のポリマーが、場合によって置換された直鎖または分枝鎖ポリアルキレン、ポリアルケニレンまたはポリオキシアルキレンポリマー、あるいは分枝または非分枝多糖である、請求項8記載のアンタゴニスト性抗体分子。
- 1以上のポリマーがメトキシポリ(エチレングリコール)またはポリ(エチレングリコール)である、請求項9記載のアンタゴニスト性抗体分子。
- 重鎖のC末端のシステイン残基の1つに付着したリジルマレイミドまたはリジルビスマレイミド基を有する請求項10記載のアンタゴニスト性抗体分子であって、リジル残基の各アミノ基に、20,000Daの分子量を有するメトキシポリ(エチレングリコール)残基が共有結合している、前記抗体分子。
- ヒトOX40に特異性を有するアンタゴニスト性抗体分子であって、配列番号15に提供する配列を含む重鎖および配列番号11に提供する配列を含む軽鎖を有し、そして重鎖の226位のシステインにリジルマレイミド基が付着し、リジル残基の各アミノ基に、20,000Daの分子量を有するメトキシポリ(エチレングリコール)残基が共有結合している、前記抗体分子。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項記載の抗体の重鎖(単数または複数)および/または軽鎖(単数または複数)をコードする単離DNA。
- 請求項13記載の1以上のDNAを含む、クローニングまたは発現ベクター。
- 配列番号14および配列番号18に提供する配列を含む、請求項14記載のベクター。
- 配列番号19に提供する配列を含む、請求項14記載のベクター。
- 請求項14または請求項15または請求項16に記載される1以上のクローニングまたは発現ベクターを含む、宿主細胞。
- 請求項17の宿主細胞を培養し、そして抗体を単離する工程を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項の抗体を産生するための方法。
- 薬学的に許容されうる賦形剤、希釈剤またはキャリアーの1以上と組み合わされた、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項記載の抗体を含む、薬学的組成物。
- 他の活性成分をさらに含む、請求項19記載の薬学的組成物。
- OX40によって仲介されるか、またはOX40レベルの増加と関連する病理学的障害の治療または予防において使用するための、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項記載の抗体。
- OX40によって仲介されるか、またはOX40レベルの増加と関連する病理学的障害の治療または予防のための薬剤製造における、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項記載の抗体の使用。
- OX40に結合する免疫グロブリン部分及び2つのドメイン抗体を含むOX40結合抗体融合タンパク質であって、OX40に結合する免疫グロブリン部分が請求項1記載のアンタゴニスト性抗体である、前記融合タンパク質。
- 免疫グロブリン部分が、FabおよびFab’である、請求項23記載の融合タンパク質。
- 2つのドメイン抗体が、ジスルフィド結合によって連結された、可変重鎖(VH)及び可変軽鎖(VL)対である、請求項23又は24に記載の融合タンパク質。
- VH及びVL対がアルブミンに結合する、請求項25記載の融合タンパク質。
- 病理学的障害が感染である、請求項22の使用。
- 病理学的障害が移植片対宿主病又は移植拒絶である、請求項22の使用。
- 病理学的障害が、アレルギー、COPD、喘息、自己免疫疾患又は関節リウマチである、請求項22の使用。
- OX40によって仲介されるか、またはOX40レベルの増加と関連する病理学的障害の治療または予防において使用するための、請求項19または請求項20記載の薬学的組成物。
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JP2015171362A (ja) * | 2009-02-17 | 2015-10-01 | ユーシービー ファーマ ソシエテ アノニム | ヒトox40に対する特異性を有する抗体分子 |
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