JP5761761B2 - 多孔性電極活物質、その製造方法及び二次電池 - Google Patents
多孔性電極活物質、その製造方法及び二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5761761B2 JP5761761B2 JP2012172539A JP2012172539A JP5761761B2 JP 5761761 B2 JP5761761 B2 JP 5761761B2 JP 2012172539 A JP2012172539 A JP 2012172539A JP 2012172539 A JP2012172539 A JP 2012172539A JP 5761761 B2 JP5761761 B2 JP 5761761B2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 title description 26
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 101710134784 Agnoprotein Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017855 NH 4 F Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[Li+] FDLZQPXZHIFURF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011146 organic particle Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 3
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 147
- -1 Si and Sn Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJHAYVFVKRXMKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2-oxide Chemical compound CC1COS(=O)O1 SJHAYVFVKRXMKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 108010000020 Platelet Factor 3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDDVNKWVBSLTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu]=O.[Li] Chemical compound [Cu]=O.[Li] QDDVNKWVBSLTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJSAVIWBELEHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Si]=O Chemical compound [Li].[Si]=O YJSAVIWBELEHDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2].[Li+] QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)nickel Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Ni]=O VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005608 sulfonated EPDM Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/483—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides for non-aqueous cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/54—Contact plating, i.e. electroless electrochemical plating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
前記金属粒子が電着されたSiOx含有粒子をエッチング溶液と接触させて前記SiOx含有粒子をエッチングするステップと、
前記エッチングされたSiOx含有粒子を金属除去溶液と接触させ、前記金属粒子を除去するステップとを含む電極活物質の製造方法を提供する。
前記正極活物質はSiOx(0.5≦x≦1.2)で表されるケイ素系酸化物を含み、2〜100m2/gのBET比表面積を有する多孔性電極活物質を含む二次電池を提供する。
1. SiO粒子の表面にAg電着
フルオロ化水素(HF)が10%である300ml溶液と、硝酸銀(AgNO3)が10mMである300ml溶液とを10分間混合した。前記フルオロ化水素と硝酸銀とが混合された溶液に一酸化ケイ素(SiO)2gを添加し5分間混合した後、濾過、洗浄及び乾燥してAgが電着されたSiOを製造した。
フルオロ化水素が5%である200ml溶液と、過酸化水素(H2O2)が1.5重量%で添加された100ml溶液とを10分間混合した。Ag粒子が電着されたSiOを前記フルオロ化水素と過酸化水素とが混合されたエッチング溶液に投入し30分間混合した後、濾過、洗浄及び乾燥して多孔性SiOを製造した。
60%の硝酸(HNO3)100mlを50℃で加熱した後、前記多孔性SiOを投入して2時間のあいだ混合し、濾過、洗浄及び乾燥してAgが除去された正極活物質用多孔性SiOを製造した。
Agが電着されたSiOを前記フルオロ化水素と過酸化水素が混合されたエッチング溶液に投入し2時間のあいだ混合したことを除いては、前記実施例1と同一の方法で正極活物質を製造した。
Agが電着されたSiOを前記フルオロ化水素と過酸化水素が混合されたエッチング溶液に投入し5時間のあいだ混合したことを除いては、前記実施例1と同一の方法で正極活物質を製造した。
正極活物質として前記実施例1で製造された多孔性SiO、導電剤としてアセチレンブラック、及びバインダーとしてポリビニリデンフルオリドを88:2:10の重量比で混合し、これらを溶媒であるN−メチル−2−ピロリドンに混合しスラリーを製造した。製造されたスラリーを銅集電体の一面に65μmの厚さでコーティングし、乾燥及び圧延した後一定の大きさにパンチング(punching)して正極を製造した。
正極活物質に前記実施例2で製造された多孔性SiOを用いたことを除いては、前記実施例4と同一の方法でコイン形二次電池を製造した。
正極活物質に前記実施例3で製造された多孔性SiOを用いたことを除いては、前記実施例4と同一の方法でコイン形二次電池を製造した。
正極活物質に気孔のないSiO(bare SiO)を用いたことを除いては、前記実施例4と同一の方法でコイン形二次電池を製造した。
空隙率が13%であるSiを用いたことを除いては、前記実施例4と同一の方法でコイン形二次電池を製造した。
空隙率が35%であるSiを用いたことを除いては、前記実施例4と同一の方法でコイン形二次電池を製造した。
空隙率が75%であるSiを用いたことを除いては、前記実施例4と同一の方法でコイン形二次電池を製造した。
本発明の一実施例に係る多孔性SiOの形状及び結晶構造を分析するため、走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)及びX-線回折(XRD)で分析し、その結果を図1及び図2に示した。
実施例4乃至6及び比較例1乃至4で製造されたコイン形二次電池の空隙率、BET比表面積、寿命特性及び厚さ変化率を調べるため、下記のような実験を行った。
−厚さの変化率:(50番目のサイクル充電後の電極厚さ−サイクル前の電極の厚さ)/サイクル前の電極の厚さ×100
Claims (9)
- リチウム二次電池用負極活物質であって、
SiOで表されるケイ素系酸化物を含んでなり、
2〜100m2/gのBET比表面積を有してなり、
表面に蜂の巣状の気孔が形成されてなる多孔性粒子を含んでなり、
前記多孔性粒子の空隙率が11〜72%である、
リチウム二次電池用負極活物質。 - リチウム二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法であって、
フッ素系溶液と金属前駆体溶液を混合した後、SiO含有粒子を接触させて前記SiO含有粒子の表面に金属粒子を電着させるステップと、
前記金属粒子が電着されたSiO含有粒子をエッチング溶液と接触させて前記SiO含有粒子をエッチングするステップと、
前記エッチングされたSiO含有粒子を金属除去溶液と接触させて前記金属粒子を除去するステップと、
を含んでなり、
前記エッチングが、
30分乃至5時間で行われてなり、
前記金属粒子が電着されたSiO含有粒子の電着された金属粒子の下部で発生し、
前記エッチング溶液は、フルオロ化水素(HF)溶液及び過酸化水素(H 2 O 2 )を含む、
表面に蜂の巣状の気孔が形成されている多孔性粒子を含ませてなる、リチウム二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。 - 前記フッ素系溶液が、フルオロ化水素(HF)、フルオロ化ケイ酸(H2SiF6)及びフルオロ化アンモニウム(NH4F)からなる群から選択される一種以上のものであることを特徴とする、
請求項2に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。 - 前記金属前駆体溶液が、銀(Ag)、金(Au)、白金(Pt)及び銅(Cu)からなる群から選択される一種以上を含んでなることを特徴とする、
請求項2又は3に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。 - 前記フッ素系溶液が、フルオロ化水素(HF)であり、
前記金属前駆体溶液が、硝酸銀(AgNO3)であり、
10%濃度のフルオロ化水素(HF)溶液300mlと、10mMの硝酸銀(AgNO3)溶液300mlとを混合することを含んでなることを特徴とする、
請求項2〜4の何れか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。 - 前記SiO含有粒子が、前記フッ素系溶液及び前記金属前駆体溶液の混合溶液100重量部に対して、0.001〜50の重量部で接触させてなることを特徴とする、
請求項2〜5の何れか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。 - 前記金属除去溶液が、硝酸(HNO3)、硫酸(H2SO4)及び塩酸(HCl)からなる群から選択される一種以上であることを特徴とする、
請求項2〜6の何れか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。 - リチウム二次電池であって、
負極活物質を含む負極と、分離膜と、正極活物質を含む正極と、電解質とを備えてなり、
前記負極活物質が、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質を含んでなる、
リチウム二次電池。 - 前記負極活物質が、黒鉛、ソフトカーボン、ハードカーボン及びリチウムチタン酸化物からなる群から選択されてなる一種以上のものをさらに含んでなる、
請求項8に記載のリチウム二次電池。
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KR101578262B1 (ko) * | 2012-07-24 | 2015-12-28 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 다공성 규소계 전극 활물질 및 이를 포함하는 이차전지 |
KR101634843B1 (ko) * | 2012-07-26 | 2016-06-29 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 이차전지용 전극 활물질 |
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US9512523B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 |
US20130280612A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
JP2013225470A (ja) | 2013-10-31 |
US9831500B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 |
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