JP5730989B2 - 超臨界二酸化炭素の抽出を利用した植物からのオメガ脂肪酸含有抽出物の製造方法 - Google Patents
超臨界二酸化炭素の抽出を利用した植物からのオメガ脂肪酸含有抽出物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5730989B2 JP5730989B2 JP2013508988A JP2013508988A JP5730989B2 JP 5730989 B2 JP5730989 B2 JP 5730989B2 JP 2013508988 A JP2013508988 A JP 2013508988A JP 2013508988 A JP2013508988 A JP 2013508988A JP 5730989 B2 JP5730989 B2 JP 5730989B2
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- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
Description
本実験に使用された原料のうち乾燥したエゴマは、韓国生命工学研究院から提供されたものを使用し、一般乾燥及び凍結乾燥したスベリヒユ粉末は、山清郡に位置した株式会社ソングジン食品から提供されたものを使用した。
試料の抽出実験のために、バッチ式超臨界二酸化炭素抽出装置(KBNE−01、02 SYSTEM)が利用された。抽出方法は、飽和圧力状態の二酸化炭素(純度99.9%)を冷却器(−10℃)に通過させて気泡を除去し、液状の定圧ポンプ(PU−2088−CO2PLUS、Jasco)を利用して設定圧力まで加圧した。ポンプから反応器に流れ込む前の抽出溶媒である二酸化炭素は、設定された抽出温度によって恒温槽で予熱され、反応器内の抽出温度は、熱電対によって感知されて抽出温度を調節し、内部温度は一定に維持した。抽出装置内の全体の圧力は、圧力調節ポンプ及び一つの圧力調節器を取り付けることによって、瞬間的な圧力の変化による抽出装置内の条件の変化を防止した。反応器から抽出された油脂成分は、絞り弁(metering valve)を通過した後、‘T’字状のガラス管を介して回収し、流体の流量は乾式流量計(DC−2、Shinagawa seik)によって測定した。
超臨界二酸化炭素から抽出された油脂は、AOAC法によってメチル化(methylation)した後、GC−FID(Hewlett Packard 5890II)を利用して分析された。前処理法は、抽出物0.05gを、還流冷却管の取り付けられた丸いフラスコに秤量した後、メタノール中の0.5N NaOH 3mlを加えて、75℃で30分間湯煎した。湯煎が終了すれば、10分間放冷した後、メタノール中のBF3(Supelcotm)3mlを加えて75℃で25分間湯煎し、10分間放冷した。放冷後、ヘキサン3mlと10%のNaCl溶液1mlを加えて30秒間振とう(shaking)した。GC−FIDによって分析された脂肪酸の組成は、標準物質(FAME MIX.,DHA,EPA standard)のピークと比較して定量した。
抽出条件に対する実験は、中心複合計画を実施して、抽出工程に重要な独立変数(Xi)として考慮される因子、すなわち、抽出温度(X1)と抽出圧力(X2)に対する実験範囲を設定して、5つのステップでそれぞれ符号化し(表1)、中心複合計画によって10区として設定して抽出実験を行った。また、これらの独立変数によって影響される従属変数(Yn)、すなわち、オメガ−3抽出量などを測定してその値を回帰分析に使用した。
超臨界二酸化炭素を利用して、下記表2に示すような温度及び圧力条件でエゴマの脂肪酸を抽出し、脂肪酸を分析した結果を下記表2に示す。下記表2から分かるように、オメガ−3脂肪酸であるリノレン酸の含量は、抽出物の脂肪酸の総重量を基準として約60%であることが分かる。
スベリヒユの乾燥方法及び抽出方法による抽出物からオメガ−3脂肪酸類の抽出効率を分析するために、一般乾燥スベリヒユのソックスレー(soxhlet)抽出物、一般乾燥スベリヒユの超臨界抽出物及び凍結乾燥スベリヒユの超臨界抽出物の抽出効率を分析した。
スベリヒユから最適の抽出条件を設定するために、抽出温度及び抽出圧力を独立変数として、中心複合計画によって設計された10区の抽出条件で得られた抽出物のDHAの含量は表4に示す通りであり、反応表面分析法で導出される回帰式(表5)によって予測された最適の抽出条件は表6に示す通りである。
スベリヒユから最適の抽出条件を設定するために、抽出温度及び抽出圧力を独立変数として、中心複合計画によって設計された10区の抽出条件で得られた抽出物のリノレン酸の含量は表7に示す通りであり、反応表面分析法で導出される回帰式(表8)によって予測された最適の抽出条件は表9に示す通りである。
スベリヒユから最適の抽出条件を設定するために、抽出温度及び抽出圧力を独立変数として、中心複合計画によって設計された10区の抽出条件で得られた抽出物のオメガ−3脂肪酸の含量は表10に示す通りであり、反応表面分析法で導出される回帰式(表11)によって予測された最適の抽出条件は図1及び表12に示す通りである。
本発明の方法によって製造されたオメガ脂肪酸含有の抽出物を、消費者が取りやすい食品である健康飲料として製造するために、本発明のオメガ脂肪酸含有の抽出物1重量部、クエン酸1重量部、オリゴ糖5重量部、及びタウリン5重量部を混合し、水を加えて100mLにした後、瓶に充填して滅菌させて、オメガ脂肪酸含有の抽出物を含む健康飲料を製造した。
本発明のオメガ−3脂肪酸含有の抽出物を含むコレステロール低下用薬学組成物は、例えば、下記のような製剤例によって剤形化した。
Claims (9)
- a)スベリヒユ又はエゴマを凍結乾燥させて粉末として製造する工程と、
b)前記製造されたスベリヒユ又はエゴマ粉末から超臨界二酸化炭素を溶媒として使用し、20〜70℃の温度及び150〜350barの圧力でオメガ脂肪酸を抽出する工程を含むスベリヒユ又はエゴマからのオメガ−脂肪酸含有の抽出物の製造方法。 - 前記b)工程で、40〜60℃の温度及び200〜300barの圧力でオメガ脂肪酸を抽出することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のオメガ−脂肪酸含有の抽出物の製造方法。
- 前記b)工程で、50〜60℃の温度及び230〜270barの圧力でオメガ脂肪酸を抽出することを特徴とする請求項2に記載のオメガ−脂肪酸含有の抽出物の製造方法。
- 前記オメガ脂肪酸は、オメガ−3脂肪酸、オメガ−6脂肪酸及びオメガ−9脂肪酸からなる群から選択される一つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のオメガ−脂肪酸含有の抽出物の製造方法。
- 前記オメガ−3脂肪酸は、DHA(docosahexaenoic acid)、EPA(eicosapentaenoic acid)、DPA(docosapentaenoic acid)、リノレン酸(linolenic acid)、SDA(stearidonic acid)及びETA(eicosatetraenoic acid)からなる群から選択される一つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載のオメガ−脂肪酸含有の抽出物の製造方法。
- 前記b)工程で、補助溶媒をさらに使用し、補助溶媒は、エタノール、イソプロパノール、エチルアセテートまたはテトラヒドロフランであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のオメガ−脂肪酸含有の抽出物の製造方法。
- a)スベリヒユ又はエゴマを凍結乾燥させて粉末として製造する工程と、
b)前記製造されたスベリヒユ又はエゴマ粉末から超臨界二酸化炭素を溶媒として使用し、40〜50℃の温度及び220〜280barの圧力でDHAを抽出する工程と、を含むスベリヒユ又はエゴマからのDHA含有抽出物の製造方法。 - a)スベリヒユ又はエゴマを凍結乾燥させて粉末として製造する工程と、
b)前記製造されたスベリヒユ又はエゴマ粉末から超臨界二酸化炭素を溶媒として使用し、15〜25℃の温度及び120〜160barの圧力でリノレン酸を抽出する工程と、を含むことを特徴とするスベリヒユ又はエゴマからのリノレン酸含有抽出物の製造方法。 - a)スベリヒユを凍結乾燥させて粉末として製造する工程と、
b)前記製造されたスベリヒユ粉末から超臨界二酸化炭素を溶媒として使用し、50〜60℃の温度及び230〜270barの圧力でオメガ−3脂肪酸を抽出する工程と、を含むことを特徴とするスベリヒユからのオメガ−3脂肪酸含有の抽出物の製造方法。
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