JP5681605B2 - アジドまたはアセチレン末端水溶性ポリマー - Google Patents
アジドまたはアセチレン末端水溶性ポリマー Download PDFInfo
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- JP5681605B2 JP5681605B2 JP2011214487A JP2011214487A JP5681605B2 JP 5681605 B2 JP5681605 B2 JP 5681605B2 JP 2011214487 A JP2011214487 A JP 2011214487A JP 2011214487 A JP2011214487 A JP 2011214487A JP 5681605 B2 JP5681605 B2 JP 5681605B2
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- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002653 sulfanylmethyl group Chemical group [H]SC([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
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- IMCGHZIGRANKHV-AJNGGQMLSA-N tert-butyl (3s,5s)-2-oxo-5-[(2s,4s)-5-oxo-4-propan-2-yloxolan-2-yl]-3-propan-2-ylpyrrolidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound O1C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)C[C@H]1[C@H]1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)C1 IMCGHZIGRANKHV-AJNGGQMLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-O tert-butylammonium Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[NH3+] YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002256 xylenyl group Chemical group C1(C(C=CC=C1)C)(C)* 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G65/321—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with inorganic compounds
- C08G65/325—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with inorganic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F216/12—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
- C08F216/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F216/16—Monomers containing no hetero atoms other than the ether oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/02—Alkylation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/30—Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G65/329—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G65/329—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
- C08G65/333—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing nitrogen
Description
R−CH2CH2−(OCH2CH2)n−N3、式中、
nは、約5〜3000であり、Rは、キャッピング基、官能基またはアジドと同一または異なっていてよい脱離基である。Rは、例えば、ヒドロキシル、保護ヒドロキシル、アルコキシル、N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミジルエステル、1−ベンゾトリアゾリルエステル、N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミジルカーボネート、1−ベンゾトリアゾリルカーボネート、アセタール、アルデヒド、アルデヒド水和物、アルケニル、アクリレート、メタクリレート、アクリルアミド、活性スルホン、アミン、アミノオキシ、保護アミン、ヒドラジド、保護ヒドラジド、保護チオール、カルボン酸、保護カルボン酸、イソシアナート、イソチオシアナート、マレイミド、ビニルスルホン、ジチオピリジン、ビニルピリジン、ヨードアセタミド、エポキシド、グリオキサール、ジオン、メシレート、トシレート、およびトレシレート、アルケン、およびケトンからなる群から選択される官能基であってよい。
用語「官能基」、「活性部分」「活性化基」、「脱離基」、「反応性部位」、「化学反応性基」および「化学反応性部分」は、当技術分野において、および本明細書では、分子の明確な、定義可能な部分または単位のことをいう。この用語は、何らかの機能または活性を示し、他の分子と反応する分子の部分を示すために、本明細書では使用される。
X−A−POLY−B−N=N=N
[式中、
N=N=Nは、アジド部分であり、
Bは、存在していても、存在していなくてもよい結合部分であり、
POLYは、水溶性非抗原性ポリマーであり、
Aは、結合部分であり、これは、存在していても、存在していなくてもよく、かつBと同一または異なっていてもよく、および
Xは、第2の官能基である]。
X−CH2CH2O−(CH2CH2O)n−CH2CH2−N=N=N
[式中、
Xは、上述の官能基であり、および
nは、約20から約4000である]。
X−CH2CH2O−(CH2CH2O)n−CH2CH2−O−(CH2)m−W−N=N=N
[式中、
Wは、1〜10個の間の炭素原子を含む、脂肪族または芳香族リンカー部分であり、
nは、約20から約4000、および
Xは、上記の通りの官能基である]。
示した通り、反応に使用する適切なポリマー骨格は、式X−PEG−Lを有し、PEGはポリ(エチレングリコール)であり、Xは、アジド基と反応しない官能基であり、Lは適切な脱離基である。適切な官能基の例には、ヒドロキシル、保護ヒドロキシル、アセタール、アルケニル、アミン、アミノオキシ、保護アミン、保護ヒドラジド、保護チオール、カルボン酸、保護カルボン酸、マレイミド、ジチオピリジン、およびビニルピリジン、およびケトンが含まれる。適切な脱離基の例には、塩化物、臭化物、ヨウ化物、メシレート、トレシレート、およびトシレートが含まれる。
式中、PEGは、ポリ(エチレングリコール)、およびXは、アルコキシまたは上記の官能基などのキャッピング基である。Mは、アジド官能性とは反応しないが、N官能基と効率的かつ選択的に反応する官能基である。
X−A−POLY−B−C≡C−R
[式中、
Rは、Hまたはアルキル、アルケン、アルキオキシ、またはアリールもしくは置換アリール基であってよく、
Bは、結合部分であり、存在しても存在しなくてもよく、
POLYは、水溶性非抗原性ポリマーであり、
Aは、結合部分であり、存在しても存在しなくてもよく、またBと同一または異なっていてもよい、および
Xは、第2の官能基である]。
X−CH2CH2O−(CH2CH2O)n−CH2CH2−O−(CH2)m−C≡CH
[式中、
Xは、上記の通りの官能基であり、
nは、約20から約4000であり、および
mは、1と10の間である]。
示した通り、反応において使用するための好ましいポリマー骨格は、式X−PEG−Nuを有し、式中、PEGはポリ(エチレングリコール)であり、Nuは求核性部分あり、XはNu、Lまたはアセチレン官能性と反応しない官能基である。
[式中、
PEGは、ポリ(エチレングリコール)であり、Xは、アルコキシまたは上記の官能基などのキャッピング基であり、および
R’は、H、アルキル、アルコキシ、アリールまたはアリールオキシ基、あるいは置換アルキル、アルコキシル、アリールまたはアリールオキシ基である]。
以下の実施例を例示のために提供するが、本発明を限定するものではない。
A B
ポリアルキレングリコール(P−OH)をアルキルハライド(A)と反応させて、エーテル(B)を形成する。これらの化合物においては、nは、1から9の整数であり、R’は、直鎖または分枝鎖、飽和または不飽和のC1からC20のアルキルまたはヘテロアルキル基であり得る。また、R’は、C3からC7の飽和または不飽和の環式アルキルまたは環式ヘテロアルキル、置換または非置換のアリールまたはヘテロアリール基、あるいは置換または非置換のアルカリール(このアルキルは、C1からC20の飽和または不飽和のアルキル)またはヘテロアルカリール基であり得る。一般に、P−OHは、分子量800から40000ダルトン(Da)を有するポリエチレングリコール(PEG)またはモノメトキシポリエチレングリコール(mPEG)である。
分子量20000ダルトン(Da)(mPEG−OH20kDa、2.0g、0.1ミリモル、Sunbio)を有するmPEG−OHを、THF(35mL)中のNaH(12mg、0.5ミリモル)で処理した。次いで、キシレン中80重量%に溶解した臭化プロパギルの溶液(0.56mL、5ミリモル、50当量、Aldrich)および触媒量のKIをこの溶液に添加し、得られた混合物を2時間、加熱還流した。次いで、水(1mL)を添加し、溶媒を真空下で除去した。残渣にCH2Cl2(25mL)を添加し、有機層を分離し、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥し、体積を約2mLに減少させた。このCH2Cl2溶液をジエチルエーテル(150mL)に滴下した。得られた沈殿を収集し、冷ジエチルエーテルで数回洗浄し、乾燥してプロパギル−O−PEGを得た。
分子量20000ダルトン(Da)(mPEG−OH20kDa、2.0g、0.1ミリモル、Sunbio)を有するmPEG−OHを、THF(35mL)中のNaH(12mg、0.5ミリモル)で処理した。次いで、50当量の5−クロロ−1−ペンチン(0.53mL、5ミリモル、Aldrich)および触媒量のKIを、この混合物に添加した。得られた混合物を16時間、加熱還流した。次いで水(1mL)を添加し、溶媒を真空下で除去した。残渣にCH2Cl2(25mL)を添加し、有機層を分離し、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥し、体積を約2mLに減少させた。このCH2Cl2溶液をジエチルエーテル(150mL)に滴下した。得られた沈殿を収集し、冷ジエチルエーテルで数回洗浄し、乾燥して対応するアルキンを得た。
(2) m−HOCH2C6H4O−CH2−C≡CH+MsCl+N(Et)3→m−MsOCH2C6H4O−CH2−C≡CH
(3) m−MsOCH2C6H4O−CH2−C≡CH+LiBr→m−Br−CH2C6H4O−CH2−C≡CH
(4) mPEG−OH+m−Br−CH2C6H4O−CH2−C≡CH→mPEG−O−CH2−C6H4O−CH2−C≡CH
THF(50mL)および水(2.5mL)中の3−ヒドロキシベンジルアルコール(2.4g、20ミリモル)の溶液に、先ず粉体水酸化ナトリウム(1.5g、37.5ミリモル)、次いで、さらにキシレン中80重量%溶液に溶解した臭化プロパギルの溶液(3.36mL、30ミリモル)を添加した。反応混合物を6時間、加熱還流した。混合物に10%のクエン酸(2.5mL)を添加し、溶媒を真空下で除去した。残渣を酢酸エチル(3×15mL)で抽出し、合わせた有機層を飽和NaCl溶液(10mL)で洗浄し、MgSO4上で乾燥し、濃縮して3−プロパギルオキシベンジルアルコールが得られた。
末端アルキン含有ポリ(エチレングリコール)ポリマーも、上に示した通り、末端官能基を含むポリ(エチレングリコール)ポリマーを、アルキン官能性を含む反応性分子に結合させることによって得ることができる。
(2) mPEG−NH2+NHSO−C(O)−(CH2)2−C≡CH→mPEG−NH−C(O)−(CH2)2−C≡CH
4−ペンチン酸(2.943g、3.0ミリモル)をCH2Cl2(25mL)中に溶解した。N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミド(3.80g、3.3ミリモル)およびDCC(4.66g、3.0ミリモル)を添加し、溶液を室温で、終夜撹拌した。得られた粗製NHSエステル7を、さらに精製することなしに、次の反応において使用した。
mPEG−N3
トルエン150mL中の mPEG−OH(分子量=3400、25g、10ミリモル)を窒素下、2時間共沸蒸留し、溶液を室温に冷却した。溶液に乾燥CH2Cl240mLおよび乾燥トリエチルアミン2.1mL(15ミリモル)を添加した。溶液を氷浴中で冷却し、蒸留塩化メタンスルホニル1.2mL(15ミリモル)を滴下した。溶液を窒素下、室温で終夜撹拌し、この反応物を、無水エタノール2mLを添加することによってクエンチした。この混合物を、真空下で蒸発させて、主にトルエン以外の溶媒を除去し、濾過し、再び真空下で濃縮し、次いで、ジエチルエーテル100mL中に沈殿させた。濾液を冷ジエチルエーテルで数回洗浄し、真空中で乾燥してメシレートを得た。
(2)N3−C6H4CH2OH→Br−CH2−C6H4−N3
(3)mPEG−OH+Br−CH2−C6H4−N3→mPEG−O−CH2−C6H4−N3
4−アジドベンジルアルコールを、米国特許第5998595号に記載されている方法を使用して、製造することができる。塩化メタンスルホニル(2.5g、15.7ミリモル)およびトリエチルアミン(2.8mL、20ミリモル)を0℃で、CH2Cl2中の4−アジドベンジルアルコール(1.75g、11.0ミリモル)の溶液に添加し、反応物を16時間冷蔵庫中に置いた。通常の後処理により、メシレートを淡黄色の油として得た。この油(9.2ミリモル)をTHF(20mL)中に溶解し、LiBr(2.0g、23.0ミリモル)を添加した。反応混合物を1時間加熱還流し、次いで、室温に冷却させた。混合物に水(2.5mL)を添加し、溶媒を真空下で除去した。残渣を酢酸エチル(3×15mL)で抽出し、合わせた有機層を飽和NaCl溶液(10mL)で洗浄し、無水Na2SO4上で乾燥し、濃縮して所望の臭化物を得た。
NH2−PEG−O−CH2CH2CO2H(分子量3400Da、2.0g)を飽和NaHCO3(10mL)水溶液に溶解し、溶液を0℃に冷却した。3−アジド−1−N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミドプロピオネート(5当量)を激しく撹拌しながら添加した。3時間後、水20mLを添加し、混合物をさらに室温で45分間撹拌した。0.5NのH2SO4でpHを3に調整し、NaClを約15重量%の濃度になるまで添加した。反応混合物をCH2Cl2(100mL×3)で抽出し、Na2SO4上で乾燥し、濃縮した。冷ジエチルエーテルで沈殿後、生成物を濾過によって収集し、真空下で乾燥してオメガ−カルボキシ−アジドPEG誘導体を得た。
当技術分野において知られている通りに調製し、THF中で−78Cに冷却したリチウムアセチリド(4当量)の溶液に、THFに溶解したmPEG−OMsの溶液を激しく撹拌しながら滴下した。3時間後、反応物を室温に温め、ブタノール1mLを添加して急冷した。次いで、水20mLを添加し、混合物を室温でさらに45分間撹拌した。0.5NのH2SO4でpHを3に調整し、NaClを約15重量%の濃度になるまで添加した。反応混合物をCH2Cl2(100mL×3)で抽出し、Na2SO4上で乾燥し、濃縮した。冷ジエチルエーテルで沈殿後、生成物を濾過によって収集し、真空下で乾燥してオメガ−カルボキシ−アジドPEG誘導体を生成した。
Claims (13)
- 加水分解に対して安定であり、次式
R−CH2CH2−(OCH2CH2)n−C≡CH[式中、nは5から3000であり、Rはアセチレンと同一または異なっていてよいキャッピング基、官能基、または脱離基である]を有する水溶性活性化ポリマー。 - Rが、ヒドロキシル、保護ヒドロキシル、アルコキシル、N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミジルエステル、1−ベンゾトリアゾリルエステル、N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミジルカーボネート、1−ベンゾトリアゾリルカーボネート、アセタール、アルデヒド、アルデヒド水和物、アルケニル、アクリレート、メタクリレート、アクリルアミド、活性スルホン、アミン、アミノオキシ、保護アミン、ヒドラジド、保護ヒドラジド、保護チオール、カルボン酸、保護カルボン酸、イソシアナート、イソチオシアナート、マレイミド、ビニルスルホン、ジチオピリジン、ビニルピリジン、ヨードアセタミド、エポキシド、グリオキサール、ジオン、メシレート、トシレート、およびトレシレート、アルケン、およびケトンからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の水溶性活性化ポリマー。
- nが、5から2200である、請求項1に記載の水溶性活性化ポリマー。
- nが、34から1100である、請求項1に記載の水溶性活性化ポリマー。
- nが、45から110である、請求項1に記載の水溶性活性化ポリマー。
- Rが、メトキシ(CH3O−)である、請求項1に記載の水溶性活性化ポリマー。
- Rが、カルボン酸(HO2C−)である、請求項1に記載の水溶性活性化ポリマー。
- Rが、アミン(H2N−)である、請求項1に記載の水溶性活性化ポリマー。
- Rが、マレイミドである、請求項1に記載の水溶性活性化ポリマー。
- Rが、アミンと反応性である、請求項1に記載の水溶性活性化ポリマー。
- Rが、求電子性カルボニル基と反応性である、請求項1に記載の水溶性活性化ポリマー。
- Rが、チオールと反応性である、請求項1に記載の水溶性活性化ポリマー。
- Rが、ヒドロキシルと反応性である、請求項1に記載の水溶性活性化ポリマー。
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WO2005035727A2 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
US20100217050A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 |
JP4890253B2 (ja) | 2012-03-07 |
ES2737837T3 (es) | 2020-01-16 |
US9574048B2 (en) | 2017-02-21 |
ES2831379T3 (es) | 2021-06-08 |
JP2012031421A (ja) | 2012-02-16 |
SG143252A1 (en) | 2008-06-27 |
US20110269974A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
US20070123691A1 (en) | 2007-05-31 |
EP2322569A3 (en) | 2016-04-27 |
SG176455A1 (en) | 2011-12-29 |
EP1675620A4 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
US20070123693A1 (en) | 2007-05-31 |
US20050085619A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
US7230068B2 (en) | 2007-06-12 |
EP2322569B1 (en) | 2020-08-26 |
EP1675620A2 (en) | 2006-07-05 |
JP2007508427A (ja) | 2007-04-05 |
WO2005035727A3 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
US7737226B2 (en) | 2010-06-15 |
US7820766B2 (en) | 2010-10-26 |
EP2322569A2 (en) | 2011-05-18 |
US8008428B2 (en) | 2011-08-30 |
JP2014208828A (ja) | 2014-11-06 |
EP1675620B1 (en) | 2019-05-08 |
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