JP5656649B2 - 排ガス処理システム及び排ガス処理方法 - Google Patents
排ガス処理システム及び排ガス処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5656649B2 JP5656649B2 JP2010550951A JP2010550951A JP5656649B2 JP 5656649 B2 JP5656649 B2 JP 5656649B2 JP 2010550951 A JP2010550951 A JP 2010550951A JP 2010550951 A JP2010550951 A JP 2010550951A JP 5656649 B2 JP5656649 B2 JP 5656649B2
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- JP
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- exhaust gas
- mercury
- desulfurization
- waste water
- treated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 156
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 142
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 125
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 125
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 118
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 117
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 100
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- -1 halogen ion Chemical class 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 59
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 19
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 7
- RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloromercury Chemical compound [Hg]Cl RCTYPNKXASFOBE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 2
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[SH-] HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940005991 chloric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012320 chlorinating reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940008718 metallic mercury Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009287 sand filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
Description
CaCO3+SO2+0.5H2O → CaSO3・0.5H2O +CO2・・・(1)
CaSO3・0.5H2O+0.5O2+1.5H2O → CaSO4・2H2O・・・(2)
このようにして、排ガス25中のSOxは、脱硫装置15において石膏CaSO4・2H2Oの形で捕獲される。
11 ボイラ
12 脱硝装置
13 エアヒータ
14 集塵機
15 脱硫装置
16 排水処理装置
17 補給水ライン(処理排水返送手段)
18 HCl供給装置
19 塩化水素
20 石灰スラリー
21 石灰スラリー供給装置
22 塔底部
23 ノズル
24 塔頂部
26 浄化ガス
27 煙突
28 脱硫排水
29 脱硫排水ライン
31 固液分離手段
32 水銀除去手段
40(40A,40B,40C) 処理排水
44 噴霧水ライン
45 排水噴霧装置
46,47 バイパス管
48 排水タンク
50 ハロゲンイオン除去手段
53 助剤酸化手段
P0,P1,P2,P3,P4,P5 排水供給管(排水供給手段)
N1,N2,N3,N4,N5 ノズル
F 燃料
Claims (8)
- 燃料を燃焼させるボイラと、
前記ボイラから排出される排ガス中の窒素酸化物を分解する脱硝装置と、
前記脱硝装置を通過した排ガス中の硫黄酸化物を吸収液に吸収させることにより、前記硫黄酸化物を前記排ガスから除去する脱硫装置とを備えた排ガス処理システムにおいて、
前記脱硫装置から排出される脱硫排水中の固体分と液体分とを分離する固液分離手段と前記脱硫排水中の水銀を除去する水銀除去手段とを有する排水処理装置と、
前記排水処理装置で処理した処理排水の少なくとも一部を前記脱硫装置に戻す処理排水返送手段と、
を備え、
前記水銀除去手段は、前記固液分離手段で分離された分離液中に硫化物を添加することにより前記水銀を固形化する硫化物混和手段と、
水銀固形物を濃縮分離する濃縮による固液分離手段と、
水銀固形物が濃縮された濃縮物から水銀固形物を系外へ脱水分離する脱水による固液分離手段と、
前記濃縮による固液分離手段及び脱水による固液分離手段からの分離液中に含まれる前記硫化物の酸化処理を行う硫化物酸化手段と、
前記硫化物酸化手段の前流側に設けられ、前記分離液中に残存する水銀濃度が閾値を超える場合に、水銀固形物を分離する精密処理手段と、を有することを特徴とする排ガス処理システム。 - 前記排水処理装置は、
前記脱硫排水中のハロゲンイオンを除去するハロゲンイオン除去手段を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排ガス処理システム。 - 前記脱硝装置と脱硫装置との間に設けられ、前記排ガスの熱を回収するエアヒータと、
前記ボイラに燃料を供給する経路、前記ボイラ内部、前記ボイラと前記エアヒータとの間の煙道内部の少なくとも一箇所に設置され前記排水処理装置で処理した処理排水の一部を供給する排水供給手段と、をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の排ガス処理システム。 - 前記脱硝装置と並列な位置、又は、前記エアヒータと並列な位置の少なくとも一方にバイパス管を設け、前記バイパス管に前記排水供給手段を設けたことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の排ガス処理システム。
- 燃料を燃焼させるボイラから排出される排ガス中の窒素酸化物を脱硝装置により分解する脱硝工程と、前記脱硝装置を通過した排ガス中の硫黄酸化物を脱硫装置の吸収液に吸収させることにより、前記硫黄酸化物を前記排ガスから除去する脱硫工程とを有する排ガス処理方法において、
前記脱硫装置から排出される脱硫排水中の固体分と液体分とを分離する固液分離処理と、前記脱硫排水中の水銀を除去する水銀除去処理とを含む排水処理工程と、
前記排水処理工程で処理した処理排水の少なくとも一部を前記脱硫装置に戻す処理排水返送工程と、を有し、
前記排水処理工程の前記水銀除去処理は、前記固液分離手段で分離された分離液中に硫化物を添加することにより前記水銀を固形化する硫化物混和工程と、
水銀固形物を濃縮分離する濃縮による固液分離工程と、
水銀固形物が濃縮された濃縮物から水銀固形物を系外へ脱水分離する脱水による固液分離工程と、
前記濃縮による固液分離工程及び脱水による固液分離工程からの分離液中に含まれる前記硫化物の酸化処理を行う硫化物酸化工程と、
前記硫化物酸化工程の前流側に設けられ、前記分離液中に残存する水銀濃度が閾値を超える場合に、水銀固形物を分離する精密処理工程と、を含むことを特徴とする排ガス処理方法。 - 前記排水処理工程は、前記脱硫排水中のハロゲンイオンを除去するハロゲンイオン除去処理を含むことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の排ガス処理方法。
- 前記脱硝装置と脱硫装置との間に、前記排ガスの熱を回収するエアヒータを設置し、
前記ボイラに燃料を供給する経路、前記ボイラ内部、又は、前記ボイラと前記エアヒータとの間の煙道内部の少なくとも一箇所に、前記排水処理工程で処理した処理排水の一部を供給する処理排水供給工程をさらに有することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の排ガス処理方法。 - 前記脱硝装置と並列な位置、又は、前記エアヒータと並列な位置の少なくとも一方にバイパス管を設け、前記バイパス管の内部に前記処理排水を供給することを特徴とする請求項7に記載の排ガス処理方法。
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