JP5479086B2 - 薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体を含有する放出調節製剤 - Google Patents
薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体を含有する放出調節製剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5479086B2 JP5479086B2 JP2009500494A JP2009500494A JP5479086B2 JP 5479086 B2 JP5479086 B2 JP 5479086B2 JP 2009500494 A JP2009500494 A JP 2009500494A JP 2009500494 A JP2009500494 A JP 2009500494A JP 5479086 B2 JP5479086 B2 JP 5479086B2
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Description
本発明は、薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体が生じるようにイオン交換樹脂と結合している薬剤1種または2種以上を含有して成る製薬学的製剤を提供するものであり、ここでは、前記複合体を水に不溶な放出遅延剤である重合体と混合しそしてそのような混合物に高い柔軟性を示す実質的に粘着性のない非イオン性で水に不溶な透水性拡散膜による被覆を受けさせるが、そのような拡散膜は、好適には水が基になっておりかつ膜の一体性を維持する被膜を与えかつ更に有効薬剤1種または2種以上が胃腸管内で制御可能な調節された放出を約24時間に及ぶ時間に渡って起こすようにするものである。
本発明は被覆薬剤−イオン交換樹脂組成物を提供するものであり、これを更に通常の製薬学的に許容される成分と一緒に調製時に用いることで摂取可能な組成物を生じさせる。完成投薬組成物に持たせる形態は液状製剤、例えば懸濁液などまたは固体状製剤、例えば錠剤、カプセル、リクイゲル(liquigels)、粉末、ウエハース、片(strips)などであってもよい。1つの好適な態様におけるコーティングは水が基になったコーティングである。しかしながら、本発明では、非水性の溶媒が基になった系を単独で用いる(余分な溶媒を除去する限り)か或は水が基になったコーティングと一緒に用いることも可能である。
イオン交換樹脂と一緒に複合体を形成しかつバルクな製薬学的化学品として医薬品適正製造基準(Good Manufacturing Practices(GMP))に従って製造される摂取に安全で製薬学的に活性な化合物を本発明の範囲内に含めることを意図する。そのような化合物は典型的に経口投与および経鼻胃チューブ経由投与の目的で考案された化合物である。
化学的性質の観点で本製剤で用いるに適した薬剤は酸性、塩基性、両性または双性イオン性分子である。そのような薬剤には低分子に加えて選択した高分子が含まれ、それらには化学部分および生物製剤、例えば蛋白質またはこれのフラグメント(例えばペプチド、ポリペプチドなど)、酵素、抗体または抗体フラグメントなどが含まれる。
選択した薬剤または薬剤の組み合わせとイオン交換樹脂の結合は当技術分野で公知の方法を用いて達成可能である。当技術分野の通常の技術者は実験をほとんどか或は全く行うことなく当該薬剤に応じて適切な方法を容易に決定することができるであろう。塩基性薬剤の結合では典型的に下記の4種類の一般的反応を用いる:(a)樹脂(Na+形態)と薬剤(塩形態);(b)樹脂(Na+形態)と薬剤(遊離塩基として);(c)樹脂(H+形態)と薬剤(塩形態);および(d)樹脂(H+形態)と薬剤(遊離塩基として)。(d)を除く前記反応の全部でカチオン性副生成物が生じ、そのような副生成物は、当該樹脂が有する結合部位に関してカチオン性薬剤と競合することで、平衡状態の時に結合する薬剤の量を少なくする。塩基性薬剤の場合に薬剤と樹脂の結合が化学量論的に達成されるのは反応(d)を用いた時のみである。
前記薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体に本明細書に記述する透水性拡散バリヤー被膜を付着させる前にそれに放出遅延剤(これは水に不溶な重合体または水に不溶な重合体の組み合わせである)による処理を受けさせておくことで本発明の組成物から放出される薬剤の放出を更に長引かせるか或は放出速度を調節することができる。
本発明で用いるコーティングシステムは、本被覆薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体を製造する時にいくつかの利点をもたらす。より詳細には、本発明のコーティングで用いる重合体は水に不溶でありかつ一般に事実上非イオン性である。この被覆用重合体は、従来技術のコーティングシステム(例えばイオン性重合体およびEUDRAGITTMブランドの重合体系のそれらを包含)を適用しかつ硬化させている時に遭遇する比較的高い粘着性に関連した問題を示さない。本発明者らは、そのような従来技術のシステムが示す粘着性に関連した問題の結果として被覆された粒子が好ましくなく凝集し(clumping)かつそのような重合体で被覆された粒子を分離させる追加的工程が必要であることを確認した。そのような問題を解決する試みが当技術分野で以前に成され、そのような試みには、例えば従来技術のコーティングシステムに抗粘着剤を添加することなどが含まれる。しかしながら、そのような作用剤は前記問題を満足される様式で解決するものでない。その上、本発明者らは、EUDRAGITTMブランドの重合体(およびイオン性重合体)の中の多くの使用が基になった良く知られている従来技術のコーティングシステムは他の理由による追加的欠点を有することも確認した、と言うのは、それらは物理的安定性に関する問題を引き起こしたからであり、そのような問題には、着色剤を液状の懸濁製剤で用いた時に凝集が起こることと色が移行することが含まれる。
本発明の薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体は当技術分野の技術者に良く知られている方法に従って製薬学的に許容される賦形剤を用いることで容易に調製可能である。1つの態様では、そのような製剤に本発明の実質的に被覆された薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体を場合により放出遅延剤と一緒に含有させる。別の態様では、そのような製剤にまた非被覆薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体も場合により本明細書に記述する如き放出遅延剤と一緒に選択した量で含有させてもよい。特定の製剤には、被覆薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体と非被覆薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体の混合物を存在させる。これらの製剤に含有させる被覆生成物と非被覆生成物の比率は適切な如何なる比率であってもよい。
被覆薬剤樹脂複合体の製造
懸濁液の製造
非被覆デキストロメトルファン樹脂複合体の調製を下記のようにして実施した。
本実施例の被覆デキストロメトルファン樹脂および非被覆デキストロメトルファン樹脂を下記の如き錠剤の製造で用いた。
非被覆およびEUDRAGIT被覆デキストロメトルファン樹脂複合体を用いて調製したデキストロメトルファン懸濁液が色移行を示すことを観察し、この色移行は40℃/75%RHの時の方が25℃/60%RHの時よりも顕著であった。
非被覆およびAQUACOATTM被覆デキストロメトルファン樹脂複合体を用いてデキストロメトルファン懸濁液を生じさせると懸濁液中に拘束されていない分厚いフレークが生じることを観察した。これは40℃/75%RHの時の方が25℃/60%RHの時よりも顕著であった。
Claims (27)
- 放出調節特性を有する経口投与可能な水性液体懸濁組成物であって、
製薬学的に許容される水性懸濁基材、および
製薬学的に許容される水に不溶なイオン交換樹脂と結合している少なくとも1の製薬学的に活性な薬剤を含有しかつ高い引張り強度を有する透水性で水に不溶な非イオン性の硬化高分子バリヤー被膜を有する、少なくとも1種の粒子の放出調節被覆薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体、
を含有し、
ここで、高分子バリヤー被膜は70%から90%(重量/重量)のポリ酢酸ビニル重合体、安定剤、および硬化高分子バリヤー被膜の引張り強度を高めるのに有効な量である2.5%から20%(重量/重量)の可塑剤を含み、硬化高分子バリヤー被膜が薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体の薬剤の調節放出プロファイルをもたらすことを特徴とする、
組成物。 - 薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体が、水不溶性単独重合体、水不溶性共重合体または親水性重合体から選択される一以上と共にマトリックス中にあり、硬化高分子バリヤー被膜が薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体−マトリックス上にある、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 放出調節特性を有する経口投与可能な固体組成物であって、
少なくとも8時間の、放出調節被覆薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体マトリックス中の薬剤の調節された、放出プロファイルをもたらす粒子を含み、ここで、
組成物は、製薬学的に許容されるイオン交換樹脂と結合している少なくとも1の製薬学的に活性な薬剤を含む少なくとも1種の粒子の放出調節高分子バリヤー被覆薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体−マトリックスを含み、
薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体は水不溶性単独重合体、水不溶性共重合体または親水性重合体から選択される一以上と共にマトリックス中にあり、
高い引張り強度を有し透水性で水に不溶で非イオン性である硬化した高分子バリヤー被膜が薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体−マトリックスの上に位置し、
高分子バリヤー被膜は70%から90%(重量/重量)ポリ酢酸ビニル重合体、安定剤、および2.5〜20重量/重量%の可塑剤を含む、
組成物。 - 安定剤がポリビニルピロリドンである請求項1から3のいずれか1項記載の組成物。
- マトリックスの水不溶性単独重合体、水不溶性共重合体または親水性重合体が、ポリ酢酸ビニル重合体、酢酸セルロース、エチルセルロース重合体、フタル酸セルロースおよびポリビニルピロリドンから成る群より選択される1を含む請求項1から4のいずれか1項記載の組成物。
- 高分子バリヤー被膜の粘着性をHoessel方法を用いて20℃/80%の相対湿度および30℃/75%の相対湿度で測定した時の粘着性が2以下である請求項1から5のいずれか1項記載の組成物。
- 高分子バリヤー被膜の粘着性が0.5以下である請求項6記載の組成物。
- 高分子バリヤー被膜が示す伸び係数が少なくとも100%、または、150%から400%の範囲内である請求項1から7のいずれか1項記載の組成物。
- 高分子バリヤー被膜が、被覆前の薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体の5から200重量%、被覆前の薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体の25から50重量%、または、被覆前の薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体の30から45重量%で含まれる請求項1から8のいずれか1項記載の組成物。
- 高分子バリヤー被膜の安定剤が、硬化後高分子バリヤー被膜の5%から10%(重量/重量)で含まれる請求項1から9のいずれか1項記載の組成物。
- 水不溶性単独重合体、水不溶性共重合体または親水性重合体が、被覆前の薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体の重量に対して3%から30%(重量/重量)、または5%から20%(重量/重量)で含まれる請求項2から10のいずれか1項記載の組成物。
- 製薬学的に許容されるイオン交換樹脂が、水に不溶であり、形状が不規則な粒子である請求項1から11のいずれか1項記載の組成物。
- 製薬学的に許容されるイオン交換樹脂が
(a)スチレンとジビニルベンゼンを含むスルホン化共重合体
および
(b)四級アンモニウム官能基を有し、スチレンとジビニルベンゼンを含む共重合体、
(c)メタクリル酸とジビニルベンゼンを含む共重合体
から選択される請求項1から12のいずれか1項記載の組成物。 - 高分子バリヤー被膜が更に界面活性剤を含む請求項1から13のいずれか1項記載の組成物。
- 界面活性剤がラウリル硫酸ナトリウムである請求項14記載の組成物。
- ポリビニルピロリドンを含有する安定剤を含む高分子バリヤー被膜中で、被膜中のポリビニルピロリドンに対するポリ酢酸ビニル重合体の比が10:1(重量/重量)で含まれ、被膜中の可塑剤が5%から10%(重量/重量)で含まれる請求項6から15のいずれか1項記載の組成物。
- 可塑剤がセバシン酸ジブチル、プロピレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリビニルアルコール、クエン酸トリエチル、クエン酸アセチルトリエチル、クエン酸アセチルトリブチル、クエン酸トリブチル、トリアセチン、Soluphor Pおよびこれらの混合物から成る群より選択される請求項1から16のいずれか1項記載の組成物。
- 可塑剤がトリアセチンである請求項17記載の組成物。
- 2種以上の製薬学的に活性な薬剤を含有して成る請求項1から18のいずれか1項記載の組成物。
- 口腔内崩壊錠またはカプセル中の粉末である請求項1から19のいずれか1項記載の組成物。
- 請求項1から20のいずれか1項記載の組成物であって、
更に、被覆されていない口腔内崩壊薬剤であって、製薬学的に許容される水に不溶なイオン交換樹脂と結合して、被覆されていない粒子状薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体を形成する薬剤を含み、被覆されていない粒子状薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体中の薬剤は、高分子バリヤー被膜薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体中の薬剤と同じかまたは異なる、組成物。 - 被覆されていない粒子状薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体中の薬剤と、高分子バリヤー被膜薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体中の薬剤が同じで、デキストロメトルファンである、請求項21記載の組成物。
- 高分子バリヤー被膜薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体中の薬剤が、コデインまたはヒドロコドンから選択される請求項21記載の組成物。
- 被覆されていない粒子状薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体中の薬剤と、高分子バリヤー被膜薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体中の薬剤が同じで、メチルフェニダートまたはデクスメチルフェニダートから選択される、請求項21記載の組成物。
- 被覆されていない粒子状薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体中の薬剤と、高分子バリヤー被膜薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体中の薬剤が異なる、請求項21記載の組成物。
- イオン交換樹脂に結合していない1以上の追加の薬剤を更に含み、ここで追加の薬剤が放出調節被覆薬剤−イオン交換樹脂複合体中の薬剤と同じかまたは異なる、請求項23記載の組成物。
- 薬剤がモルヒネ、オキシコドン、アルブテロール、メチルフェニダート、デキストロメトルファン、コデイン、トラマドール、プソイドエフェドリン、フェニレフリン、ヒドロコドン、ベンラファクシン、イブプロフェン、オキシブチニン、クロニジン、デクスクロルフェニラミン、フェキソフェナジン、ジフェンヒドラミン、オキシモルフォン、カルビノキサミン、ジサイクロミン、クロルフェニラミン、クレマスチン、アンフェタミン、デキストロアンフェンタミン、ナプロキセン、ジクロフェナク、セレギリン、パロキセチン、アモキシシリンおよびこれらの製薬学的に許容される塩から成る群より選択される請求項1から20のいずれか1項記載の組成物。
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