JP5465173B2 - 炭素がコーティングされたリン酸マンガンリチウムカソード材料 - Google Patents
炭素がコーティングされたリン酸マンガンリチウムカソード材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5465173B2 JP5465173B2 JP2010515635A JP2010515635A JP5465173B2 JP 5465173 B2 JP5465173 B2 JP 5465173B2 JP 2010515635 A JP2010515635 A JP 2010515635A JP 2010515635 A JP2010515635 A JP 2010515635A JP 5465173 B2 JP5465173 B2 JP 5465173B2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 title description 7
- ILXAVRFGLBYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium;manganese(2+);phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Mn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ILXAVRFGLBYNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 title description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010316 high energy milling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003174 MnOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Mn]=O VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 5
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 11
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 Oxygen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZWXOQTHCXRZUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);manganese(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Mn+2].[Mn+3].[Mn+3] ZWXOQTHCXRZUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910013275 LiMPO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018663 Mn O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003176 Mn-O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910007727 Zr V Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011262 electrochemically active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010230 functional analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021437 lithium-transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940071125 manganese acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000447 polyanionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000131 polyvinylidene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012916 structural analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/136—Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
表1は、検討中の種々の材料を集めている。
表2は、測定サンプルのラマンバンド及び文献との比較をまとめている。バンドの帰属:ν2 a V4−PO4の対称及び非対称の変角、ν1 a ν3−PO4の対称及び非対称の伸縮;強度:vw−非常に弱い、w−弱い、m−中程度、s−強い。
最初のステップでは、純粋なLiMnPO4(703061−P)を従来技術より公知の方法によって調製した。例えば、国際公開第2007/049815号には、優れた結晶性及び高純度を有するLiMnPO4の製造方法が開示されている。方法の別の例は、国際公開第2007/113624号に開示されており、純粋なLiMnPO4の「ポリオール」合成が記載されている。
LiMnPO4をカーボンブラック20重量%とともにアルゴン下で単純に粉砕することによってLiMnPO4/炭素複合材料(サンプルA)を調製し、次に230℃で終夜乾燥させた。
本発明による材料のマイクロラマン分析を、ペルチェ冷却CCD検出器が接続されたマルチチャネルのレニショー・イン・バイア・リフレックス(Renishaw In Via Reflex)分光計上で行った。励起は、ダイオードレーザーの785nm線、又はAr+レーザーの514.5nm線で行った。サンプルは、100〜3700cm−1の波数シフトで2cm−1のスペクトル分解能においてスキャンした。較正は、520.2cm−1においてSiモードを使用して行った。各ラマンスペクトルのスキャンパラメーターは、通常10秒とし、10(純粋サンプルの場合)から30(アセチレンブラックを有するサンプルの場合)のスキャンを、より良い信号対ノイズ比を得るために各実験ごとに蓄積した。スペクトルの再現性をチェックするために、同じサンプルの異なる領域上で複数のスポット解析を行った。
本発明に記載される材料を使用して、カソード電極を作製した。LiMnPO4/C材料(90重量%)と、ポリ(フッ化ビニリデン)(PVdF)バインダー(5重量%)及びアセチレンブラック(5重量%)とのN−メチルピロリドン(NMP)スラリーをアルミニウム集電体上にテープキャスティングすることによって、電気化学的試験用の電極を作製した。真空下160℃で乾燥させた後、電極を、厚さ50〜60μmで23mmφの円板に圧縮し、活性物質充填量は8mg/cm2であった。Li金属箔を対電極として使用し、微孔質ポリマーセパレーター(Celgard 2400(商標))及びプロピレンカーボネート(PC)とエチレンカーボネート(EC)と炭酸ジメチル(DMC)との溶媒混合物(体積比1:1:3)中に1M LiPF6を含有する液体電解質混合物を使用して、セルをSwagelok(商標)取付具中で組み立てた。LiMnPO4電極の電気化学的性質は、Arbin BT 2000電気化学測定システムを使用して、低電流条件での充電/放電及びサイクリックボルタンメトリーによって測定した。
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Claims (8)
- 化学式C/LiMnPO4又はC/LiMn1−xZxPO4(式中、Z=Fe、Co、Ni、Mg、Ca、Al、Zr、V、Ti、x=0.01〜0.3)を有する、電気活性な炭素でコーティングされた材料であって、酸化マンガン界面層をLiMnPO4材料、LiMn1−xZxPO4材料のそれぞれと、炭素層との間に含み、前記酸化マンガン界面層が湿潤条件下での高エネルギー粉砕によるLiMnPO4 又はLiMn 1−x Z x PO 4 (式中、Z=Fe、Co、Ni、Mg、Ca、Al、Zr、V、Ti、x=0.01〜0.3)の酸化によって調製されることを特徴とする材料。
- 前記酸化マンガン界面層が、Mn3O4(ハウスマンナイト)、β−MnO2(パイロルサイト)、MnO(マンガノサイト)、MnOOH(グロウタイト)又はMn 1.85 O・6H2O(バーネサイト)のいずれかである、請求項1に記載の材料。
- 酸化マンガン濃度が、前記電気活性な炭素でコーティングされた材料に対して、0.01〜5%である、請求項1又は2に記載の材料。
- 含水率が0.5〜20%である、請求項1に記載の材料。
- 前記高エネルギー粉砕されるステップにおいてLiOH溶液が前記湿潤条件下に加えられる、請求項1に記載の材料。
- 130℃〜300℃の加熱処理をさらに含む、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の材料。
- 請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の材料を含む、充電式電池。
- (a)アノード、カソード、並びに前記アノード及びカソードと接触し、それらを分離する電解質と、(b)前記カソードと電子的に接触しているカソード集電体と、(c)前記アノードと電子的に接触しているアノード集電体とを含み、前記アノード及びカソードの少なくとも1つが請求項1に記載の材料を含む、電気化学デバイス。
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| EP07112490A EP2015382A1 (en) | 2007-07-13 | 2007-07-13 | Carbon coated lithium manganese phosphate cathode material |
| PCT/IB2008/052678 WO2009010895A1 (en) | 2007-07-13 | 2008-07-03 | Carbon coated lithium manganese phosphate cathode material |
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